Unit 3 Sea Exploration Period 2 Reading and Thinking—Language focus教学设计 -2025-2026学年高中英语人教版选择性必修第四册

Teaching and Learning Design Book4 Unit3 Sea Exploration 教学设计 Period 2 Teaching and learning contents: Reading and thinking—Language Focus and Thinking Quality Development Comprehensive teaching and learning objectives: By the end of this period, the students will have been able to: 1) Learn about the usages of new words, chunks and sentence patterns and try to use them in real language situations to improve language competence; 2) Comprehend the text better to reconstruct the text and improve thinking quality; Teaching and learning important points: 1) Language focus and better reading comprehension; 2) Text reconstruction and thinking quality improvement. Teaching and learning difficult points: New language items learning, text reconstruction and thinking quality improvement. Teaching and learning procedure: Step 1 Review Activity 1 Review Check the answers to the reading comprehension exercises in the reference book to review the main content of the text to improve the students’ reading comprehension of the text. Step 2 Language Focus (In this step, the teacher explains some of the new and important language items in the context by offering some examples so that the students could comprehend the text better and focus on how to use the new language items in specific language situations created by the teacher.) Activity 2 Learning about the new language items Learn about the following new language items: 1. However, merchants and explorers from the East set sail from east to west many years before Columbus first did. 然而，在哥伦布首次起航之前许多年，东方的商人和探险家就已经开始自东向西航行。 1) sail vi. 起航 n. 帆 set sail (for) = sail (for) 起航；开航 set sail across/ sail across 航行穿过…… sail into/ out of 驶入/驶出 sail around the world 乘船环游世界 e.g. After spending a brief period in Ireland, she set sail for India. They sail across the Atlantic and the Indian Ocean. The lights and music faded as we set sail from the harbor. 当我们从海港起航时，光线逐渐变暗，音乐声逐渐减弱。 2) set-phrases: set up建立；安装好；设置；引发；产生 set out出发；动身；启程；开始工作 (+to do sth)；安排；布置；陈述；阐明 set off 动身；出发；引起；爆炸 set about开始；着手(+doing sth) set down写下；记下；制定 set aside省出，留出(钱或时间)；暂时不考虑 e.g. There were several interruptions, and I lagged behind schedule. I set about tidying the kitchen. In spite of your busy schedule, you set aside a few days to teach me more pronunciation skills and background knowledge. World Oceans Day was set up to raise people’s awareness of protecting the oceans, which play a crucial part in global ecosystem. 世界海洋日的设立是为了提高人们对保护海洋的认识，海洋在全球生态系统中发挥着至关重要的作用。 With all the preparations made, we set out to make popcorn. Meanwhile, we set down “Delicious Popcorn” on a board and we planned to set it up in front of our stand. Then, we set off for the market like happy birds.　做好所有准备,我们开始做爆米花。同时，我们在一块木板上写下“美味的爆米花”,打算把它竖立在我们的摊位前。然后,我们像快乐的小鸟一样向市场出发。 2. In ancient times, silk from China found its way overland to India, the Middle East, and Rome, along what became known as the Silk Road. 在古代，中国丝绸经由一条陆路运到印度、中东和罗马，这条路就是有名的“丝绸之路”。 句式结构：what引导宾语从句。what可以引导宾语从句、主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句，在名词性从句中可用作主语、宾语或表语。该从句在结构上相当于“先行词＋定语从句”。 e.g. What we need most are popular science books. (主语) I often imagine what my life will be like in the future. (宾语) I am aware that being responsible is what it takes to make a better society. (表语) First of all, what we can do is to place importance on our daily actions. 首先，我们能做的就是重视我们的日常行动。 One look and he knew what they were up to. 只要看一眼，他就知道他们在干什么。 If I could interview him, I would ask him what made him an astronaut and how he was trained. 如果我能采访他，我会问他是什么让他成为宇航员，以及他是如何接受训练的。 3. A trading route across the sea was also extended along the coasts of the Indian Ocean, centred around Ceylon (now Sri Lanka). 以锡兰(今斯里兰卡)为中心的一条横跨海洋的贸易路线沿印度洋海岸延伸。 extend vt. vi. 扩展；使伸长；延长；伸出；提供，给予 extended adj. 延伸的；扩大的；长期的 extension n. 扩大；延伸 extensive adj. 广泛的；广阔的；大量的 extend from...to...　从……延伸到…… extend out伸出 extend to延长到 extend by延长了 extend a deadline/visa/the life of延长最后期限/签证/……的寿命 extend sth. to sb. 给予某人某物 e.g. Her visit will extend from Monday to Thursday. These courses are based on a weekly two-hour class, extending over a period of twenty weeks. If the tree is left to grow naturally, its main stem will extend to around 12 feet. 如果让这棵树自然生长，它的主干将延伸到大约12英尺。 The extended purpose of this activity is to help us gain a greater appreciation of the role that plants play in maintaining the balance of ecosystem. 这项活动的延伸的目的是帮助我们更好地认识植物在维持生态系统平衡方面所发挥的作用。 I would like to extend my heartfelt gratitude to all my teachers, who have done so much for us over the years. 我要由衷感谢这些年来为我们做了很多的全体老师。 The extension of the garden will take several weeks. 花园的扩建将需要几周时间。 Alan wants a two-year extension to his contract. Alan想要延长他的合同两年。 His extensive knowledge makes him a good teacher. 他丰富的知识使他成为一名好老师。 4. Here, merchants from China and many other places met to negotiate trade deals, which also led to more awareness of each other’s cultures. 在这里，来自中国和其他许多地方的商人汇聚一起，洽谈贸易协定，这也增进了对彼此文化的认识。 negotiate vt.商定；达成(协议) vi. 谈判；磋商；协商 negotiation n.谈判；磋商；协商 negotiator n. 谈判者；协商者；洽谈者 negotiable adj.可协商的 negotiate (sth.) with sb. 与某人商议/谈判 negotiate for为……谈判 under negotiation在商讨中 e.g. It doesn’t give them the means to negotiate for higher pay. 这并没有给他们谈判更高工资的手段。 We’ve decided to negotiate with the employers about our wage claim. 我们决定就工资问题与雇主谈判。 The details of the contract are still under negotiation. 协议的详细内容仍在谈判中。 Everything is negotiable at this stage — I’m ruling nothing out. 在这个阶段，一切都是可以谈判的，我不会排除任何可能性。 Nowadays countries all over the world have negotiated with each other concerning how to protect oceans more efficiently. 现在，世界各地的国家都已经就如何更有效地保护海洋进行谈判。 5. These fleets were a sight to behold and were in a league of their own at that time. 当时，这些船队极为壮观，独领风骚。 1) behold vt. (beheld, beheld)目睹；看见 (= to see or to look at something) a sight to behold = a joy/ pleasure/ wonder to behold 壮观的景象 e.g. The beauty of the garden was a pleasure to behold. 花园美景，令人赏心悦目。 2) in a league of one’s own独领风骚 (= much better than the rest) league n. 等级；水平；联合会；联赛 e.g. As a painter, he is in a league of his own (= much better than others). Who do you think will win the league championship this year? 6. Although China withdrew from further expeditions after 1433, these land and sea routes remained active channels between other cultures for centuries. 尽管1433年后中国停止了进一步的探索，但这些陆路和海路在几个世纪内仍然是其他文化活跃的交流渠道。 withdraw vi.& vt.(withdrew, withdrawn)(使)撤回；撤离，使退出vt. 提取；收回 withdrawal n.收回；取回；撤回；撤退；取款 withdraw from从……撤出，撤回 withdraw money from the bank 从银行取款 withdraw one’s eyes from 把视线从……移开(不再看……) withdraw a remark收回发言 e.g. I’m going to withdraw all my money from the bank. 我要把所有钱从银行取出来。 Grandpa had withdrawn all his savings to buy a laptop for me. They withdrew their eyes from what they were doing on hearing the tremendous crash. In order not to be disturbed he wanted to withdraw his name from the guest list. 为了不被打扰，他想从客人名单中撤回自己的名字。 From his expression, I sensed that David wanted to join in the running race instead of withdrawing from the race. 从他的表情中，我感觉到大卫想参加跑步比赛，而不是退出比赛。 7. bond n.纽带；关系 vt. vi.增强信任关系；使牢固结合 bond with与……培养/建立关系 bond...to... 把……粘在……上；使……紧紧连接到…… bond between...and... ……和……之间的联系 e.g. Silver overlay is bonded to the entire surface. There is a strong emotional bond between mother and child. Grandpa and I shared a special bond. Perhaps it was because I was his oldest grandchild. 爷爷和我有着特殊的感情。也许是因为我是他最大的孙子。 It was a special time to bond with my children and it filled them with the wonderment of books. The beauty of rereading lies in the idea that our bond with the work is based on our present mental register. 重新阅读之美在于我们与书之间的纽带是建立在我们当下的精神状态基础之上的。 8. From a scientific point of view, there is an urgent need to study the Arctic in order to understand climate change and its effects. 从科学的角度来看，我们确实迫切需要研究北极,以了解气候变化及其影响。 句式结构： There is a need to do sth.有必要做某事 There is no need for... ……是没有必要的 There is no need for sb. to do sth 对某人来说做某事没有必要 There is a/no possibility that...=It is possible/impossible that... 有/没有可能…… There is no doubt that... 毫无疑问…… There is no point/sense (in) doing sth 做某事没有意义。 e.g. There is an urgent need to choose a healthy and environmentally friendly way of traveling. 急需选择一种既健康又环保的旅游方式。 There is no need for parents to do everything for their children. 父母没有必要为孩子做所有事情。 There is no point/sense (in) only mastering theory without practice.没有实践只掌握理论是没有意义的。 There is no doubt that my good communication skills enable me to keep a good relationship with others. 毫无疑问，我良好的沟通能力能够使我与他人保持良好的关系。 There is a possibility that you achieve your goal as long as you put your heart into it. 只要你全神贯注于你的目标,你就有可能实现你的目标。 In many people’s opinion, there is no need for Chinese people to pass down traditional Chinese cultures in modern times. But personally, there is an urgent need to protect them from dying out. After all, we are in need of ancient people’s wisdom so that we can make fewer mistakes. (传统文化) 在许多人看来，当代中国人没必要传承中国传统文化。但就我个人而言，急需保护它们免遭消亡。毕竟，为了少犯错误，我们需要古人的智慧。 9. Hundreds of years on, and with the latest technology in hand, the need to trade and the desire to enhance relationships will drive China to reach out across the sea far into the future. 数百年过去了，手握最新技术，在贸易的必要性和增进关系的愿望的驱动下，中国将跨海越洋，迈向未来。 in hand在手头；可供使用；在处理中；在控制中 at hand近在手边；在附近 by hand手工，用手 (at) first hand 第一手的(地)；直接的(地) hand in hand 手挽手；密切关联 give/ lend sb. a hand 给某人帮忙 on the one hand...on the other (hand)... 一方面……另一方面……(表示相对立的两个方面) e.g. Having enough data in hand, we can set out to hold the press conference as scheduled. 手头有了足够的资料，我们就可以着手如期举行新闻发布会了。 As an old saying goes, “Success and failure always go hand in hand.” Meanwhile, you’d better keep a dictionary close at hand so that you can look up unfamiliar words in it. When I met with difficulties, my friends gave me a hand. 当我遇到困难的时候，朋友们伸出了援手。 On the one hand, computers extend our vision; on the other (hand), they also bring about some harmful problems. 一方面，计算机扩展了我们的视野；另一方面，它们也带来了一些有害的问题。 Step 3 Post Reading—Thinking quality improvement and text reconstruction Activity 3 Thinking quality improvement and text reconstruction 1. Talk about what you have known about China’s sea exploration. 2. Reconstruct the text by retelling the text, using some of the language items above. Step 4 Evaluation and summary Activity 4 Self-evaluation Guide the students to reflect on their learning of this period by considering the following aspects. 1. How is your mastery of the new language items? (Good/Fairly good/Moderate/Just so so/Poor) 2. How is your learning performance? (Good/Fairly good/Moderate/Just so so/Poor) Activity 5 Summary (The teacher) Summarize the usages of the main language items of this period briefly and encourage the students to read more about sea exploration. Homework: 1. Arrange notes after class to consolidate the new language items. 2. Complete the vocabulary exercises in the workbook. 3. Complete the vocabulary exercises in the reference book. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $