黑龙江省2025-2026学年外研版必修一第4单元高一上学期阶段检测

逐题命题双向细目表 题型板块 题号 考查核心考点（紧扣Unit 4友谊主题） 核心学科能力素养 难度层级 分值 阅读理解A篇 1 细节理解题，考查真正朋友的品质特征，辨析患难与共、真诚支持等单元核心话题词汇，区分片面化错误表述 快速定位原文关键语句，精准比对选项语义，辨别片面干扰项，夯实话题语境理解能力 易 2 阅读理解A篇 2 事实细节定位，考查友谊建立的核心基础，重点考查单元核心词汇trust、honesty语境辨析，排除金钱、家境等无关干扰 抓取段落主旨关键词，辨析常识误导选项，强化核心词汇语用识别能力 易 2 阅读理解A篇 3 全文主旨大意题，综合概括全文段落层次，归纳如何建立、维护长久真挚友谊，区分局部细节与中心主旨 宏观梳理语篇行文结构，提炼全文写作目的，提升整体篇章把控与主旨概括能力 中 2 阅读理解B篇 4 记叙文因果细节题，分析新生入学情绪低落的真实原因，考查人际交往、陌生环境适应相关语境理解 梳理人物心理变化脉络，精准匹配事件与情绪因果关系，排除无中生有主观臆断项 易 2 阅读理解B篇 5 情节细节还原题，完整梳理朋友帮扶他人的正能量具体行为，筛查三观错误、违背原文的干扰选项 按叙事顺序还原故事情节，甄别负面错误行为选项，强化文本事实精准提取能力 易 2 阅读理解B篇 6 情感主旨推理题，透过个人交友故事，提炼友谊温暖心灵、增强自信的育人价值，规避绝对化错误观点 感悟文本人文内涵，提炼正能量情感道理，提升阅读理解情感推理与价值判断素养 中 2 阅读理解C篇 7 观点态度细节题，抓取作者对网络交友的核心担忧，重点考查hidden risks安全隐患话题语境理解 精准抓取作者主观评价语句，区分无关次要信息，快速研判写作态度与立场 易 2 阅读理解C篇 8 安全信息细节定位题，考查青少年网络隐私保护常识，精准定位不可泄露的私人关键信息 定点锁定原文警示段落，快速比对隐私与普通日常信息，提升安全类文本信息筛查能力 易 2 阅读理解C篇 9 全文态度研判题，客观判断作者对网络交友辩证理性看法，排除全盘肯定、全盘否定极端观点 综合全文首尾段落，客观研判作者中立理性态度，培养辩证思维阅读能力 中 2 七选五 10 篇章过渡逻辑衔接，考查总分结构承上启下句匹配，贴合交友方法总起段落语境 识别段落总分行文逻辑，判断过渡衔接语句，提升语篇宏观衔接能力 易 2.5 七选五 11 段内话题顺承衔接，紧扣“学会倾听”段落主题，匹配情绪共情、安静倾听相关语境表达 把握段落局部话题一致，贴合场景语义顺承，强化句间微观衔接能力 易 2.5 七选五 12 观点支撑逻辑衔接，围绕“信守承诺”主题，强化信任与守信关联，回扣单元trust核心词汇 识别段落论点论据关系，强化话题词汇呼应，提升逻辑论证衔接能力 中 2.5 七选五 13 矛盾化解话题衔接，围绕朋友小矛盾、学会宽容谅解，匹配换位思考、不斤斤计较语境 理解人际相处话题内涵，贴合生活交际语境，提升情感逻辑衔接素养 中 2.5 七选五 14 结尾回扣主旨衔接，紧扣日常维系友谊、保持联系，升华长久友谊全文主旨 收束全篇话题，呼应文章中心，提升语篇收尾闭环把控能力 中 2.5 语言运用语法填空 15—24 全覆盖考查主谓一致、非谓语动词、过去分词定语、固定搭配、比较级、定语相关基础语法，紧扣单元友谊话题语篇 结合真实语境灵活运用必修一基础语法，熟练掌握固定短语与句式结构，提升语法语用能力 中 5 应用文写作 书面表达 邮件应用文格式规范，安慰+提建议+祝福三层要点全覆盖，运用Unit 4友谊高频短语，交际语言得体地道 规范应用文写作格式，有序整合写作要点，灵活使用单元话题句式，提升书面交际表达能力 中 14.5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 外研版 必修一 Unit 4 Friends forever 第一部分 阅读理解（共3篇，每篇3小题，每小题2分，满分18分） 原创A True friendship is one of the most valuable treasures in our life. Unlike common acquaintances, real friends stay with us through happy times and hard moments. They never leave us when we are in trouble and always give us sincere support and useful advice. In high school, good friends can help us reduce study pressure, share daily feelings and grow up together healthily. However, making true friends is not easy. Some students only make friends for fun or small benefits. Such relationships will break up easily when difficulties come. To build long-lasting friendship, we must be honest and respectful to others. Trust is the basic foundation of all close friendships. We should learn to listen patiently and keep our promises to our friends. Besides, we need to maintain friendship with small efforts. Sending a warm message, caring about friends’ feelings and staying in regular touch can make the bond much stronger. If we quarrel with friends, we should communicate calmly instead of keeping silent. True friendship needs time, care and heart-to-heart communication forever. 1. What is the feature of real friends according to Paragraph 1? A. They only share happy moments together. B. They offer sincere support in difficult times. C. They always help students finish homework. D. They never have different opinions in life. 2. What is the base of true friendship? A. Money and small gifts. B. Trust and honesty. C. Interesting hobbies only. D. The same family background. 3. What does the text mainly talk about? A. How to keep long-lasting true friendship. B. How to avoid quarrels with classmates. C. The ways to improve school grades fast. D. The differences between friends and strangers. 原创B When I entered senior high school last term, I felt lonely and upset. Everything was new: new teachers, new classmates and new classrooms. I was shy and dared not talk with others actively. I had no friends and always stayed alone during break time. I even felt anxious about my new school life every night. Luckily, a kind girl named Lily noticed my situation. She smiled at me first and started a small talk with me patiently. She shared her learning methods with me and invited me to join their group activities. She encouraged me to be brave and express my ideas in class little by little. With her warm help, I gradually became outgoing and confident. Now we are best friends forever. We stay in touch every day, study together after class and comfort each other when feeling sad. I have learned how to care for others and how to be a reliable friend from her. I truly realize that a true friend is a warm light in our teenage life. 4. Why did the writer feel upset at the beginning of high school? A. She missed her old parents very much. B. She had no friends and felt lonely. C. She was bad at all school subjects. D. She failed to join the school clubs. 5. What did Lily do to help the writer? A. She gave the writer lots of money. B. She talked with her and offered encouragement. C. She helped the writer cheat in exams. D. She stayed away from other classmates. 6. What can we learn from the story? A. Friendship brings warmth and confidence. B. New school life is always boring and hard. C. Shy students can never make good friends. D. Friends should never have different ideas. 原创C Nowadays, many teenagers like making online friends through digital apps and websites. It is convenient to meet different people online and share feelings anytime. However, online friendship has hidden risks, so we must stay clear-headed and careful. First, some online friends may not tell their real personal information. They may lie about their age, jobs and hobbies for different purposes. Second, some bad people may cheat teenagers for money or other benefits. Teenagers are easy to believe warm words and fall into traps without careful thinking. It is wise to keep online friendship simple. We can share common hobbies and study problems online, but we should never tell strangers our home addresses, phone numbers or parents’ work information. Also, we should never meet online friends alone in private places. Real friendship is better built with classmates around us in real life. 7. What does the writer worry about online friendship? A. It costs too much pocket money. B. It has hidden safety risks for teenagers. C. It wastes lots of study time every day. D. It makes students hate school life. 8. Which personal information should teenagers never tell online friends? A. Their favorite sports. B. Their daily study plans. C. Their home addresses and private numbers. D. Their favorite cartoon characters. 9. What is the writer’s attitude towards online friendship? A. We should be careful and keep it simple. B. We should never make any online friends. C. Online friends are better than real-life friends. D. Online friendship is always dangerous and useless. 第二部分 七选五（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 原创How to Be a Good Friend in Daily Life Good friendship never happens by accident. It needs our true heart and small daily efforts. 10. _______ Here are easy and practical ways for you. First, be a good listener. When your friend feels upset or meets troubles, do not always talk about yourself. 11. _______ This simple act makes your friend feel warm and respected. Second, keep your promises. If you say you will help your friend or meet on time, never break your words. 12. _______ No one wants to trust a person who never keeps promises. Third, learn to forgive and understand. Friends may have small conflicts sometimes. 13. _______ Try to stand in your friend’s shoes instead of arguing angrily. Finally, stay in regular touch. Send short messages or share interesting things in spare time. 14. _______ Small care can keep friendship fresh forever. A. Trust is built on keeping promises. B. Just listen quietly and share their feelings. C. It is necessary to learn how to be a good friend. D. Never spread your friends’ personal secrets to others. E. Don’t be angry for small mistakes for too long. F. This helps maintain close connection all the time. G. It is easy to make lots of friends in a short time. 第三部分 语言运用（短文语法填空，共10空；每空0.5分，满分5分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，紧扣Unit 4友谊主题与核心语法。 原创Friendship plays an important role in our teenage life. A true friend 15. ________ (bring) us warmth and courage when we feel lonely. As high school students, we need 16. ________ (develop) true friendship with our classmates. I have a best friend 17. ________ (call) Jack. We have known each other since we entered senior high school. We always encourage each other 18. ________ (face) difficulties bravely. We share our happiness 19. ________ sorrows together. Trust and honesty make our friendship much 20. ________ (strong). We often take part in after-school activities together and keep in touch 21. ________ each other every day. We believe that true friendship can last forever. It is wise 22. ________ (value) every true friend around us. No matter what happens, we 23. ________ (stick) to our friendship. Nothing can separate 24. ________ (we) true friendship. 第四部分 应用文写作（满分14.5分） 原创假定你是高一新生李华，你的英国笔友Mike来信说他最近和好朋友发生争吵，关系冷淡，不知道如何修复友谊，感到难过焦虑。请你给他回一封电子邮件，内容包括：1. 安慰对方，理解难过心情；2. 给出具体建议：主动真诚沟通、换位思考、珍惜彼此情谊；3. 祝愿和好如初，友谊长存。 注意：1. 词数80左右；2. 行文连贯，句式规范；3. 紧扣Unit 4友谊主题，使用单元高频短语；4. 格式规范，无真实校名、人名。 Dear Mike, ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 一、阅读理解 答案+逐题精讲 1. 答案：B超精细化逐点解析 本题考查事实细节理解，紧扣必修一Unit 4友谊品质核心话题。回归原文第一段关键句：real friends stay with us through happy times and hard moments and give us sincere support。真正的朋友不仅共享快乐，更会在逆境中不离不弃、给予真诚支持。A选项错误，only share happy moments过于片面，不符合患难与共的真正友谊；C选项错误，文中从未提及帮忙写作业，属于无中生有干扰项；D选项错误，never have different opinions绝对化表述，现实中朋友也会有分歧；只有B选项完全贴合原文原句语义，精准对应考点。 2. 答案：B超精细化逐点解析 本题考查核心概念细节定位，考查单元重点词汇trust（信任）、honesty（诚实）。原文第二段明确给出答题依据：To build long-lasting friendship, we must be honest and respectful. Trust is the basic foundation of all close friendships。长久友谊的两大根基就是诚实与信任。A选项金钱礼物、C选项单一爱好、D选项家庭背景，文中全部否定，属于典型常识误导干扰；做题直接锁定关键词trust和honesty，秒选B，贴合单元核心词汇默写考点。 3. 答案：A超精细化逐点解析 本题考查全文主旨大意概括，要求区分局部细节与中心思想。文章结构层次清晰：第一段赞美友谊珍贵；第二段讲交友必备品质；第三段具体讲日常维护友谊的方法。全文闭环围绕“如何建立并维系长久真挚友谊”展开。B只片面提到避免吵架、C无关提分、D只对比朋友陌生人，都只是片段信息，无法覆盖全文三段全部内容；只有A完美概括全篇写作目的，符合高一主旨题解题逻辑。 4. 答案：B超精细化逐点解析 本题考查记叙文因果逻辑细节，分析人物情绪成因。原文第一段清晰交代：升入高中环境全新、本人性格害羞、不敢主动社交、课间独处、身边没有同伴，由此产生失落焦虑情绪。A想念父母、C成绩很差、D社团落选，原文从头到尾没有出现任何相关线索，属于出题人设置的主观臆断陷阱；唯一真实原因就是孤独无友，精准对应B选项。 5. 答案：B超精细化逐点解析 本题考查完整情节事实还原，筛查正能量行为细节。第二段完整还原Lily的暖心举动：主动微笑搭话、耐心闲聊、分享学习方法、邀请参加集体活动、不断鼓励作者大胆表达。A给钱、C考场作弊、D疏远同学，全部违背文章正能量价值观，三观错误直接排除；只有B完整概括主动交流+暖心鼓励两大核心行为，完全贴合原文叙事。 6. 答案：A超精细化逐点解析 本题考查故事情感主旨升华推理。全文叙事主线：孤独自卑→挚友帮扶→变得开朗自信→收获温暖情谊。整篇故事传递正能量：真挚友谊能够驱散孤单、温暖心灵、助力成长。B抹黑高中新生活、C否定内向同学交友能力、D强求朋友观点完全一致，都是极端负面或绝对化错误表述，不符合单元育人主题；故选A，升华全文情感主旨。 7. 答案：B超精细化逐点解析 本题考查作者观点态度抓取，贴合网络交友现实话题。原文第一段直接亮明观点：online friendship has hidden risks, so we must stay clear-headed and careful。作者核心担忧就是网络交友背后潜藏安全隐患，容易被骗、泄露隐私。A花费零花钱、C浪费学习时间、D讨厌上学，文中无任何依据，属于无关干扰；紧扣hidden risks安全隐患，直接锁定B选项。 8. 答案：C超精细化逐点解析 本题考查安全细节精准定位，贴合青少年网络安全考点。文章末段明确规定禁令：never tell strangers our home addresses, phone numbers or parents’ work information。家庭住址、私人手机号都属于私密高危隐私，绝对不能透露给陌生网友。A爱好运动、B学习计划、D动漫喜好，都是公开安全日常话题，无需保密；直接精准匹配原文隐私清单，选C。 9. 答案：A超精细化逐点解析 本题考查全文作者态度研判。作者立场客观理性：不全盘否定网络交友，也不盲目轻信，主张理性适度交往、保持简单距离、提高安全警惕。B完全禁止网友、C网友优于现实朋友、D全盘否定网络友谊，都属于极端片面看法，与原文客观中立态度完全相悖；只有A贴合原文辩证理性观点，态度精准无误。 二、七选五 答案+逐句逻辑精讲 标准答案：10.C 11.B 12.A 13.E 14.F 10. 答案C 超详逻辑解析 前文说“美好友谊不是偶然，需要用心付出”，后文直接引出“实用交友方法”，中间缺少过渡句。C项“学会做一个靠谱的朋友很有必要”完美承上启下，衔接总分结构，逻辑闭环； 11. 答案B 超详逻辑解析 本段主题是“学会倾听”，前文说不要只顾自己说话，B项安静倾听、共情对方情绪，贴合倾听场景，语义无缝衔接； 12. 答案A 超详逻辑解析 本段核心“信守承诺”，A项点明信任源于守信，强化段落观点，紧扣单元trust话题； 13. 答案E 超详逻辑解析 前文提到朋友难免有小矛盾，E项不要为小事生气计较，贴合宽容谅解主题； 14. 答案F 超详逻辑解析 前文建议日常多互动问候，F项说明此举能维系亲密情谊，回扣全文友谊主旨，收尾自然。 三、语法填空 答案+逐空语法超详拆解 15. brings 语法精讲：单数可数名词a true friend作主语，一般现在时，严格遵循主谓一致规则，谓语动词变第三人称单数； 16. to develop 语法精讲：固定高频搭配need to do sth.，需要做某事，非谓语动词必考点； 17. called 语法精讲：过去分词作后置定语，表被动含义“被叫作……的朋友”，必修一重点句法； 18. to face 语法精讲：单元核心固定搭配encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事； 19. and 语法精讲：并列连词，并列名词happiness与sorrows，表喜怒哀乐共同分担； 20. stronger 语法精讲：much修饰形容词比较级，强化程度，友谊变得更加牢固； 21. with 语法精讲：单元必考固定短语keep in touch with sb. 与某人保持联系；22. to value 语法精讲：经典形式主语句型It is wise to do sth. 做某事是明智的；23. will stick 语法精讲： forever表将来期许，用一般将来时，stick to固定搭配坚守友谊； 24. our 语法精讲：形容词性物主代词，修饰后面名词friendship，作定语限定成分。 四、应用文 满分参考范文（贴合单元词汇，句式规范） Dear Mike, I’m so sorry to hear that you quarreled with your best friend and feel upset now. I totally understand your lonely and anxious mood, because true friendship is really precious to us teenagers. Here are some useful suggestions for you. First, take the initiative to communicate with your friend sincerely and calm down to talk. Second, try to put yourself in his shoes and understand each other’s feelings. Third, cherish your precious friendship and never give up easily. I sincerely hope you can make up soon and your friendship will last forever. If you need more help, I’m always here for you. Yours sincerely, Li Hua 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $