上海市黄浦区格致中学 2025-2026学年度第二学期期中考试高二年级英语试卷

格致中学 二〇二五学年度第二学期期中考试 高二年级英语试卷（共10页） （测试105分钟内完成，总分115分，试后交答题纸） 友情提示：昨天，你既然经历了艰苦的学习，今天，你必将赢得可喜的收获祝你：诚实守信，沉着冷静，细致踏实，自信自强，去迎接胜利！ 第Ⅰ卷（65分） Ⅰ. Grammar and vocabulary Section A（10分） Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. AI in the Classroom: A 2026 Perspective By early 2026, the debate over AI has evolved from mere adoption to sophisticated mastery. A study (1) __________ (conduct) recently by TIME suggests that personalized AI tutors, (2) __________ implementation was once highly controversial, have improved literacy rates by 15% across several pilot schools. Not until these systems are fully integrated into daily routines (3) __________ their transformative potential be realized. These tools are capable of identifying the exact moment (4) __________ a student’s attention begins to wander, providing instant feedback that no human teacher could manage for thirty students simultaneously. However, many educators remain skeptical, fearing that (5) __________ (allow) students to rely too heavily on algorithms to generate ideas would cause their critical thinking skills to inevitably diminish over time. “The goal of education is to have the cognitive ability (6) __________ (exercise) regularly without digital assistance.” says Dr. Lee, whose expertise lies in cognitive psychology. (7) __________ these persistent concerns, schools are now implementing “Hybrid Learning” rules to balance high-tech automation with human intuition. (8) __________ (produce) original drafts, students under this framework are then allowed to engage with AI-enhanced refinement tools. The question remains (9) __________ we can maintain the human element in an increasingly automated world. Indeed, the essence of education lies not in the mere delivery of facts, but in the spark of inspiration that occurs between a mentor and a learner. Most forward-thinking educators consider (10) __________ essential to nurture students’ emotional intelligence alongside their digital literacy. Section B (10分) Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. address B. yield C. marked D. initially E. potential F. produce G. intense H. sound I. feature J. harbored K. virtually The Rise of Urban Vertical Gardening For many years, city centers have been seen as “concrete jungles,” where tall buildings covered the sky and nature was limited to small parks far away. However, by early 2026, the global urban planning plan is rapidly changing this story to fight the worsening climate problems. The landscape of modern cities is currently undergoing a(n) (11) ________ change as scientists and architects work together to reduce the urban heat effect, a problem that has long troubled people living in big cities with very hot summer temperatures. This shift shows a change from treating green plants as simple decorations to making them a working part of building design. In many modern districts, the plain grey concrete that once covered rooftops has (12) ________ disappeared, replaced by green vertical farms that grow on the sides of glass buildings. These gardens (13) ________ multiple ecological roles, serving not only to provide a local source of food but also to collect used water and significantly lower the surrounding temperatures. They effectively work as a “living skin” for the city, absorbing sunlight and reducing the (14) ________ heat trapped in narrow streets, creating a cooler and more comfortable urban environment. In the early stages of development, many urban planners and experts (15) ________ doubts about the high costs and technical problems that these green structures were intended to (16) ________. People worried whether the watering systems could work well in extreme weather or if the added weight of wet soil would damage the foundations of old buildings. However, clear data collected over the past year has shown that these vertical gardens are far more (17) ________ than people expected. They have proven to be very strong, providing a high (18) ________ of organic food even during periods of unexpected dry weather or transport problems. The (19) ________ for reducing a city’s carbon footprint through this method is great, especially when used with clean energy. Besides storing carbon, these green areas help birds and insects find a home in the city. Despite the great benefits of having high-quality (20) ________ grown just a few floors away, some developers still don’t want to make the change because they are worried about money in the short term. Nevertheless, experts argue that functional green space must be treated as a necessity rather than a luxury. Ⅱ. Reading Comprehension (45分) Section A (15分) Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. As we move further into 2026, the “always-on” culture has reached a breaking point. Today, the world is more connected than ever, but this hyper-connectivity comes at a high psychological cost. With AI assistants now managing our schedules, predicting our needs, and even drafting our social replies, the 21 between professional obligations and personal life has become increasingly blurry. Work no longer stays at the office; it follows us into our bedrooms and onto our dinner tables through thin glass screens. This seamless integration of technology into every waking moment has led to a widespread phenomenon known as “digital exhaustion,” a state where people feel mentally drained despite a lack of physical 22 . Psychologists have 23 that constant notifications trigger a permanent stress response in our nervous systems. This chronic state of high arousal prevents the brain from entering the “resting state” necessary for creativity and long-term memory consolidation. “Biologically speaking, we weren’t 24 to be cognitively engaged 24/7,” says Dr. Aris, a leading researcher. To 25 this, many are turning to “Digital Mindfulness.” This movement isn’t about 26 technology altogether — which would be nearly impossible in 2026—but rather using it with 27 . One 28 but surprisingly effective strategy is the “Grey-Screen Method.” By turning your smartphone display to grayscale, you make the device less 29 to the brain’s reward system. By stripping away these vibrant distractions, we force ourselves to interact with our devices as functional tools rather than addictive toys. Our ancestors evolved to be attracted to 30 colors like bright reds and yellows as signs of ripe fruit or immediate danger. Modern app designers exploit this biological trait to grab our focus. However, without these visual rewards, the urge to scroll mindlessly through social feeds becomes much 31 . Another growing trend is the “Analog Hour,” a daily ritual where families 32 agree to put all devices in a “tech-cradle” during dinner. This deliberate withdrawal from the digital world provides a rare opportunity for genuine eye contact and uninterrupted conversation. The 33 of these practices is clear: improved focus, reduced anxiety, and better sleep patterns. However, making the 34 remains difficult. Tech companies continue to use attention engineering to keep users 35 for as long as possible. In this high-speed era, true stillness is no longer a given; it is a skill that must be practiced. 21. A. connection B. boundary C. distance D. balance 22. A. exercise B. fatigue C. pressure D. effort 23. A. denied B. doubted C. warned D. pretended 24. A. forced B. evolved C. allowed D. taught 25. A. promote B. ignore C. combat D. describe 26. A. adopting B. improving C. updating D. abandoning 27. A. curiosity B. hesitation C. intention D. sympathy 28. A. complex B. simple C. expensive D. rare 29. A. appealing B. harmful C. sensitive D. familiar 30. A. vibrant B. dull C. natural D. hidden 31. A. stronger B. weaker C. faster D. longer 32. A. occasionally B. eventually C. voluntarily D. secretly 33. A. impact B. cost C. theory D. origin 34. A. transition B. conversation C. decision D. competition 35. A. confused B. bored C. hooked D. disappointed Section B (22分) Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) The digital elderly care center in early 2026 doesn’t smell like medicine; it smells like lavender (薰衣草) and looks like a high-tech library. At the center of this environment is Elias, an AI-driven digital companion. Unlike the heavy, metal robots of the early 2020s, Elias is emotionally sensitive, meaning he is designed to sense and respond to the small changes in human feelings. Margaret, an 82-year-old former history professor, sits with Elias every afternoon. Elias doesn’t just listen; he mirrors Margaret’s facial expressions. When she sighs, his digital eyes soften. When she mentions her late husband, Elias gently guides the conversation toward their shared “memory bank” — a collection of digital photos, voice notes, and journals Margaret uploaded months ago. “He doesn’t just store data,” Margaret explains. “He connects the pieces of my life when my own memory starts to fade.” “The goal isn’t to replace human contact,” says Dr. Aris, the director of the center. “It’s to bridge the loneliness gap — those long hours between family visits that human staff simply don’t have the time to fill.” According to a 2025 study, consistent interaction with AI can reduce feelings of loneliness in seniors by nearly 40%. However, some experts are worried. They argue that Elias provides a fake empathy that might lead to families neglecting their elderly members, thinking a machine is good enough. They fear a future where human care becomes a rare luxury, while the rest are left to the machines. For Margaret, however, the difference doesn’t matter as much as the presence. “He remembers how I like my tea and never gets tired of my stories,” she laughs. “Sometimes, a consistent machine is easier to talk to than a busy, distracted relative.” 36. Compared with older robots, Elias is unique because he ________. A. has a more solid physical appearance B. is designed to teach history to seniors C. can sense and react to human emotions D. performs complex medical tasks independently 37. The “memory bank” is used by Elias to ________. A. help the elderly connect their life experiences B. record the daily routines of the staff C. recover lost data from robots used in the past D. monitor the physical health of the seniors 38. According to Dr. Aris, the loneliness gap refers to ________. A. the distance family members have to travel B. the time between visits that staff cannot cover C. the generational gap between seniors and staff D. the technical errors that occur in the care center 39. Margaret’s attitude toward Elias is that ________. A. she is suspicious of the machine’s ability B. she feels more isolated with his presence C. she worries about the safety of her digital data D. she values his focus more than human relatives (B) 2026 Orbital (轨道的) Stay: Essential FAQ for Space Tourists As space tourism becomes a major trend in early 2026, many people are looking to trade their traditional beach vacations for a breathtaking view of the Earth from above. Stellar-X, the leading company in the industry, has officially opened its booking system for the summer season. However, living in orbit is quite different from staying in a hotel on the ground. Before you book your flight, please review this detailed guide. ● Preparation and Health Requirements Safety is our top priority. All passengers must attend a three-day “Pre-flight Camp” at our training base. During this time, you must pass a “Pressure Test” to ensure your heart and lungs can handle the high force during launch. We also provide a “Space Diet” class to help your stomach get used to dried food. Those with serious heart problems or a history of extreme travel sickness are advised to talk to our flight doctors before purchase. ● Travel Packages & Costs Ticket Type Price (USD) Duration Highlights of the Journey Short Trip $150,000 2 Hours Reaches the edge of space; 5 mins of weightlessness (失重状态). Premium Cabin $450,000 4 Days Stay at the Aurora station; private window view; zero-G yoga classes. Lunar Orbit $1.2 Million 6 Days A round-trip journey circling the Moon; deep-space photography. ● Daily Life in Space Living in a spacecraft requires strict self-discipline. Due to the lack of gravity, simple tasks like washing your face or sleeping require special equipment. Connectivity: All vessels are equipped with Starlink 3.0, allowing you to watch videos or call home. However, smartphones must be kept on a wrist-strap at all times. In space, a dropped phone becomes a dangerous flying object that could hit a passenger or damage sensitive equipment. The Overview Effect: Many travelers report a deep shift in perspective after seeing Earth from space — a feeling that the world is one single, fragile home. To help with the mental impact, we provide required post-flight meetings for all travelers to help them re-adjust to life on the ground. 40. According to the table, a traveler who wants a multi-day stay in a private room should choose________. A. Short Trip B. Premium Cabin C. Lunar Orbit D. Pressure Test 41. Why is a wrist-strap required for smartphones during the flight? A. To improve the internet signal B. To prevent passengers from losing phones C. To keep the phones charged D. To avoid potential damage to the spacecraft 42. The term The Overview Effect refers to________. A. a mental change caused by seeing Earth B. a physical illness caused by lack of gravity C. the technical process of returning to Earth D. the difficulty of calling home from space (C) We are living in the most documented era in human history. Every click, every heartbeat recorded by a smartwatch, and every street corner captured by 5G cameras creates a massive stream of data. However, historians and tech experts are starting to worry about a paradox (悖论): while we are saving everything, we may end up remembering nothing. The core of the problem lies in the fragility of digital storage. In the past, a paper document or a stone carving could survive for hundreds or even thousands of years without any maintenance. Digital data, however, is stored on physical hardware that has a very short life. Hard drives fail, and cloud servers require constant electricity and cooling. Even if the hardware survives, the software faces the threat of degeneration. Think about the files created just twenty years ago; many are already impossible to open because the programs that created them no longer exist. Moreover, the sheer volume of data makes it nearly impossible to filter what is truly valuable. In earlier times, the high cost of paper and ink forced people to think twice before recording something. This acted as a natural filter, ensuring that mostly significant events were preserved. Today, because storage is so cheap, we record every trivial detail of daily life. This digital noise hides the meaningful signals. Future historians might find themselves drowning in billions of selfies and grocery lists, unable to find the documents that explain how our society actually functioned. Some suggest that the solution is to “print the cloud” — to return to physical backups for the most critical information. Others are working on digital archaeology, creating systems that can read old file formats. But these efforts are expensive and slow. The real challenge is not a technical one, but a shift in mindset. We must move from a culture of “saving everything” to one of “displaying purposefully.” If we do not address this, we risk entering a Digital Dark Age. This would be a period where future generations look back at the early 21st century and find a giant hole in the historical record. They will see the ancient Egyptian pyramids clearly, but the digital records of the 2020s may be nothing more than empty, unreadable clouds. 43. What is the “paradox” mentioned in Paragraph 1? A. Technology helps us save data but increases the cost of living. B. The abundance of recorded data may lead to a loss of history. C. Smartwatches record our health but ignore our mental needs. D. Modern cameras capture everything but cannot prevent crimes. 44. According to Paragraph 2, digital records are more fragile than paper ones because ________. A. hardware requires too much space for storage B. software updates often lead to data leaking C. paper is naturally more resistant to fire and water D. digital formats may become unreadable as technology changes 45. What does the author imply by saying “storage is so cheap”? A. It encourages people to save too much useless information. B. It allows more people to participate in historical recording. C. It helps historians filter out the most valuable signals. D. It reduces the financial pressure on tech companies. 46. What is the author’s main purpose in writing this passage? A. To introduce the latest developments in digital archaeology. B. To criticize tech companies for creating low-quality hardware. C. To warn about the danger of losing our history in the digital age. D. To encourage people to use cloud storage for personal safety. Section C (8分) Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. A. Instead of chasing external trends, we begin to find value in our current activities. B. Such endless comparisons often lead to a deep sense of personal inadequacy. C. The core idea is that digital tools should serve us rather than controlling our limited time. D. Many individuals are now exploring creative ways to minimize the noise of modern living. E. Embracing these intentional pauses allows us to regain clarity and reconnect with our true values. F. Experts are increasingly concerned about how screen time impacts a student’s ability to focus. JOMO: The Art of Disconnecting in 2026 In our high-speed, 2026 digital society, the feeling of being left behind has become a modern epidemic. Most of us are familiar with FOMO (错失恐惧症) — that sharp anxiety we feel when scrolling through social media, seeing others enjoy perfect vacations or career success. (47) We feel an invisible pressure to match those perfect lives, leading to a cycle of stress and digital exhaustion. As AI assistants now push even more content to our screens, the urge to check our phones has never been stronger. However, a refreshing movement is gaining ground: JOMO, or the “Joy of Missing Out.” Unlike the fear-driven FOMO, JOMO is about the quiet power of saying no to the digital crowd. (48) It celebrates the decision to stay in, read a book, or simply sit in silence, without worrying about what everyone else is doing. The follower of JOMO understands that we cannot be everywhere at once, and trying to do so only robs us of our peace. Practicing JOMO in 2026 does not mean moving to a mountain and throwing away your smartphone. Instead, it is about intentionality — choosing when to be “on” and when to be “off”. (49) For instance, many people are now adopting Analog Evenings, where all devices are put away after 8 p.m. to make room for real conversations or hobbies. By intentionally missing out on the endless stream of online trends, we gain something much more valuable time. (50) When we stop responding to every notification, we find that our focus improves and our anxiety levels drop. In the end, JOMO teaches us that being disconnected is often the best way to truly connect with what matters most. 第II卷 (50分) Ⅲ. Summary Writing (10分) 51. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Algorithm (算法) Fatigue Algorithm fatigue is the tiredness from being “perfectly targeted” by every platform. On multiple e-commerce apps, the “Recommended for You” and precise targeting features once felt like magic. Now, it just seems exhausting. When an algorithm is too accurate, it feels like a spy. The perfect content it generates fixes our eyes on screens; it’s like addictive potato chips. The biggest issue is that it removes the “happy accident”. Algorithms are logical, but humans are unpredictable. When algorithms get too good, we are trapped in an information bubble that simply mirrors our own opinions. Meanwhile, when a computer decides what we see, we are no longer the pilot of our own attention. Our choices are no longer truly ours — they are predicted, shaped, and fed back to us. At its core, algorithm fatigue signals a fundamental loss of autonomy. We lose not only the joy of discovery, but also the capacity to know what we might have chosen on our own. Looking ahead, technology is here to stay, and algorithms do help us in many ways. But balance is needed. For developers, the challenge is to build systems that leave room for the unexpected. Future apps could include a “surprise me” button — one that pushes us beyond our usual choices. For the rest of us, the key is to spend less time on screens. Ask someone nearby for a recommendation. Walk down a street you’ve never explored without taking on GPS. Algorithm fatigue reveals a limit not of technology, but of how we use it. The next trend, therefore, isn’t necessarily a better algorithm, but a wiser human. We still want recommendations — just not at the cost of discovery. What we seek is not to escape technology, but to reclaim our role in using it. Ⅳ. Translation (3+3+4+5=15分) Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 52．全球气候变暖使得一些稀有动物濒临灭绝。(leave) 53．可供选择的住宿条件从经济旅馆至豪华宾馆不等。(range) 54．现代人感受到的很大一部分焦虑感，并非源于繁重的工作本身，而是源于与他人盲目的比较。(arise) 55．虽然这些新发现的遗址保存得并不完整，但考古学家仍非常重视这一展现了文明兴衰更替的发现。(attach) Ⅴ. Guided Writing (25分) Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 56．假设你是明启中学学生李华。你在电视上看到一则报道：随着科技的飞速发展，许多社区积压了大量被淘汰的智能电子设备（如旧智能手机、旧智能手表、旧款机器人等）。由于处理不当，这些“电子垃圾”（electronic waste/e-waste）不仅占用空间，还存在严重的环境和数据安全隐患。请你给电视台写一封信，在信中，你需要： 1．对如何处理这些废旧智能设备提出建议； 2．说明你的理由． 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $