Unit 3 Sea Exploration Using Language & Assessing Your Progress 分层同步练习-2025-2026学年高中英语人教版选择性必修第四册

Using Language & Assessing Your Progress 一、必备知识基础练 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1.It was really a mercy 　　　　　　　　he’d gone so rapidly at the end.  2.When you finish,remember to log 　　　　　　for security reasons.  3.I have in my 　　　　　　(possess) a letter which may be of interest to you.  4.As well as 　　　　　　(play) the piano,I love reading and listening to music.  5.I’ll find a way to improve on my own 　　　　　　that I can make the team next year.  6.I don’t agree 　　　　　　her,but I admire her for sticking to her principles.  Ⅱ.短语填空 come up with,amounts of,all of a sudden,carry out,a series of 1.There is 　　　　　　　　　science and technology on the desk.  2.I was amazed that he’d 　　　　　　　　　　such a sweet idea.  3.More often than not,it is easier to make a plan than to 　　　　　　　　　　a plan.  4.You ought to have put aside 　　　　　　　　　money for a rainy day.  5.　　　　　　　　　 he saw a hole in the wall,through which the sea water was running. Ⅲ.单句写作(话题写作之海洋探索的利与弊) 1.随着世界人口增长,开发海洋变得越来越有必要。 　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,it is becoming increasingly necessary to exploit the sea.  2.海洋拥有各种各样的物种,它们可以给我们提供食物或能源。 The sea 　　　　　　　　　　　/　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　,which can provide us with food or energy.  3.然而, 许多渔民无情地捕捞了如此多的海洋动物以至于它们处于灭绝的危险之中。 However,many fishermen have caught 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　they are in danger of dying out.  4.因此,参与过度捕捞的那些人应该被惩罚或逮捕。 Consequently,those who are involved in overfishing should 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.  5.将海洋探索和环境保护结合起来是一种完美的解决方法。 　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　is a wonderful solution.  二、能力素养提升练 Ⅳ.阅读理解 A In the summer of 2021,the Pacific Northwest experienced a severe heatwave that caused widespread panic and destruction.Temperatures reached record levels,including 114℉ in Portland. A heatwave,born over the Pacific,drifted inland and grew in intensity,creating a heat dome.Ice was the first victim,and as snowpacks melted,glaciers released fast flowing muddy water that flooded towns.Salmon,sensing the water temperature change,began migrating early.But then they struggled to breathe as the rivers warmed.Vegetation was next—unable to escape the heat,it struggled to hold water.Bighorn sheep moved to higher ground,doves panted like dogs,baby eagles jumped to their deaths in an attempt to fly to escape overheating with their siblings. In 72 hours,the official number of human deaths was 1,000—but the actual number is likely higher,especially among the elderly,poor,and medically vulnerable.The town of Lytton,British Columbia was burned down when temperatures there hit 121℉.Over a billion sea creatures met their deaths over the three days. Such a heatwave in the Pacific Northwest had been thought to be as likely as snow in the Sahara.But then it happened.Right now,scientists can’t predict where or when such heat will appear next,but they do know that occurrences such as this are a direct result of human activities.As fossil-fuel burning increases levels of heat-trapping gases like carbon dioxide,the planet warms.Heat is the prime mover of climate chaos,melting ice,drying soil,and even reviving ancient bacteria from thawed permafrost(永冻土解冻). Humans might be able to engineer their way out of anything—cities like Los Angeles and Paris are already working to deflect(使偏斜) sunlight and have more shade trees.But there are limits to adaptation for Earth’s population of nearly 8 billion.Parts of the Middle East and South Asia are already too hot for humans in summer. 1.How is the impact of the heatwave presented in paragraph 2? A.By telling a story. B.By listing examples. C.By giving a definition. D.By making comparisons. 2.What does the underlined word “vulnerable” in paragraph 3 mean? A.Protected. B.Disturbed. C.Healthy. D.Weak. 3.What can we learn from the last two paragraphs? A.People considered the heatwave in the Pacific Northwest as common. B.Such heat will certainly appear again as a result of human activities. C.Los Angeles and Paris have already helped themselves out of heatwaves. D.The earth’s adaptability to heatwaves has limits with such a large population. 4.Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A.Temperatures Reaching Record High B.Human Activities Causing a Heatwave C.A Heatwave Hitting the Pacific Northwest D.Panic and Destruction Caused by a Heatwave B Shipping a Major Threat to the World’s Biggest Fish Marine biologists have noticed that whale shark numbers have been falling in recent years.But people just take it for granted.A new international study suggests that collisions (碰撞) with shipping traffic could be a major reason for the decrease. The study was led by the Marine Biological Association of the U.K.and the University of Southampton,along with experts in Australia and New Zealand.The study appeared in the publication Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. Researchers examined satellite data to observe about 350 whale sharks.They found that the world’s largest fish spend most of their time in waters used by large shipping boats. The study showed that information from the devices used to track their movements often ended in busy shipping paths.The researchers believe many sharks are probably being hit and killed by boats before sinking to the ocean floor. Mark Erdmann is with the University of Auckland in New Zealand and a scientist at the non-profit environmental organization Conservation International.He was one of the writers of the new study.Erdmann believes shipping is a major threat to whale shark populations. “...What the study found is that,indeed,there is a huge amount of overlap (重叠) between where whale sharks are moving and global shipping traffic.So,those are real collision-risk areas.Most deadly strikes between whale sharks and boats are likely to go unobserved or unreported.There are currently no laws to protect whale sharks against these kinds of collisions,” Erdmann said. Whale sharks can grow up to 20 meters long.They play an important part in providing healthy ocean environments. 5.What is the finding of the new study? A.Whale shark numbers have been falling. B.People take the decrease in the number of sharks for granted. C.Whaling ships mainly caused the decrease in the number of sharks. D.Sharks could mostly die from crashes into ships. 6.What contributed to the researchers’ finding? A.The place where sharks’ movement ended. B.Sharks’ unusual movement in the paths. C.Ships’ unusual travelling manners. D.The violent fight between sharks and ships. 7.What can we infer from Erdmann’s statement? A.Why sharks die is hard to find out. B.The number of ships should be reduced. C.Sharks are not important for reporters. D.The current laws are not strict enough. 8.What can we know from the last paragraph? A.Sharks are the biggest animals. B.The new finding is very important. C.Sharks will die out soon. D.It is hard to protect huge sharks. Ⅴ.七选五 To get the most out of literary works,one must approach them with intention and skill.Here are five key strategies to enhance your reading experience. Engage with the text.Engagement is crucial when reading literature.　1　.Ask questions as you read:Why did the character do that?What does this scene symbolize?What might the author be trying to say?This active engagement helps you to think critically and to immerse(沉浸在) yourself in the literary world.  Understand the historical and cultural context.　2　.It reflects the culture in which it was written.By researching the historical period,the author’s life,and the social norms(规范) of the time,you can gain a deeper understanding of the text.  　3　.Literature is an art form that uses language in creative and often complex ways.Pay attention to the author’s use of literary devices such as imagery,symbolism,metaphor,and irony.Knowing these techniques can reveal hidden layers of meaning and give you a greater appreciation of the author’s craft.  Reflect on themes and personal relevance.Great literature often deals with themes that are universal and timeless.Reflect on the themes you encounter in the text and consider how they relate to your own experiences and beliefs.　4　.Besides,it can offer insights into both the literature and your own life.  Discuss and share insights.Literature is meant to be shared and discussed.Conversations with others can enhance your understanding and enjoyment of a text.Join a book club,participate in online forums,or simply discuss the book with friends or classmates.These discussions can provide you with new perspectives(观点).　5　.  A.Think of words in the book B.Analyze literary techniques C.Every piece of literature is a product of its time D.They can lessen your appreciation of the literature E.They can deepen your understanding of literary works F.This personal connection can make reading more meaningful G.This means actively interacting with the text,not just reading the words Ⅵ.语法填空 The problem that the Li River in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region suffered from severe water pollution was caused by many factors such as many tourists frequently 1.　　　　　　(throw) garbage into the river,lots of oil 2.　　　　　　 was used by kitchens 3.　　　　　　 board often thrown into the water,and more household and commercial waste as well as chemicals used to increase crop production ending up in the river.  4.　　　　　　(fortune),local officials took urgent steps to restore the river’s original beauty.A comprehensive initiative was started to address the issues.With 5.　　　　　　 construction of waste water treatment facilities,the water quality,water 6.(conserve) and the collection and transport of household waste were also improved.Polluting enterprises were closed 7.　　　　　　 moved.Strict regulations regarding tour boat routes,garbage disposal methods and further industrial development were set up.Furthermore,the media 8.　　　　　　　　　　(use) to spread environmental awareness and encourage greater use of clean energy.The local authorities also carried out inspections regularly and fined tourist organizations for abuses.In addition,the 9.　　　　　　(ambition) “Water Ten Plan” is also now tackling water pollution across the country.With all these measures,it is believed that the beauty of the Li River will be preserved for generations 10.(come).  Ⅶ.应用文写作 假定你是李华,上周六你校在图书馆举办了一场学生英语演讲比赛,主题为“是否应该进行海洋探索”。现在请你为校英文报写一篇报道,内容包括: 1.参赛对象; 2.比赛情况; 3.比赛意义。 注意: 1.写作词数应为80左右; 2.请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 An English Speech Contest on Ocean Exploration ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ Ⅷ.读后续写 阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。 One very cold day,not long ago,in Edinburgh,I was standing at the door of a hotel.A little boy with a thin blue face,his feet bare and red with the cold,and with nothing to cover him but a bundle of rags,came to me and said,“Please,sir,buy some matches.” “No,I don’t want any,” answered I.“But they are only a penny a box,” pleaded the poor little fellow.“Yes,but,you see,I don’t want a box,” I said again.“Then I will give you two boxes for a penny,” the boy said. At last,I decided to buy a box to get rid of him.Then,finding I had no change,I said to him,“I will buy a box tomorrow.” “Oh,please buy them tonight,” the boy pleaded again.“I will run and get you the change,for I am very hungry.” So I gave him the shilling,and he started away.I waited for him,but no boy came.I thought I had lost my shilling.Still,there was something in the boy’s face I trusted,and I did not like to think bad of him. Late in the evening I was told that a little boy wanted to see me.I found,when he was brought in,it was a smaller brother of the boy who took my shilling.He stood for a moment,diving into his rags as if he were seeking something,and then said,“Are you the gentleman who bought the matches from Sandy?” “Yes.” “Well,then,here are four pence out of your shilling.Sandy can not come.He’s very sick.A cart ran over him and knocked him down.He lost his cap and matches and seven pence of your money.Both his legs were broken,and the doctor says he’ll die.My brother and I lived almost alone,for our father and mother were dead.” 注意: 1.续写词数应为150左右; 2.请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 I fed the little fellow,and then went with him to see Sandy.       ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ Then I took him by the hand,and said,“I would always take care of your little brother.” ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ 参考答案 Ⅰ.1.that　2.off/out　3.possession　4.playing　5.so　6.with Ⅱ.1.a series of　2.come up with　3.carry out　4.amounts of　5.All of a sudden Ⅲ.1.As the population of the world increases　2.possesses/is in possession of various species　3.so many marine creatures without mercy that　4.get punished or arrested　5.Combining sea exploration and environmental protection Ⅳ.【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了太平洋西北部遭受高温天气的情况,介绍了人及动物的伤亡情况以及原因。 1.B　推理判断题。根据第二段内容可知,第二段通过列举例子描述热浪的影响。故选B项。 2.D　词句猜测题。根据画线词上文“In 72 hours,the official number of human deaths was 1,000—but the actual number is likely higher,especially among the elderly,poor,and medically”可知,在72小时内,官方公布的死亡人数为1 000人,但实际数量可能更大,特别是在老年人、穷人和医疗条件薄弱的群体中。故画线词意思是“易受伤害的,薄弱的”,故选D项。 3.D　细节理解题。根据最后一段中“But there are limits to adaptation for Earth’s population of nearly 8 billion.”可知,由于人口众多,地球对热浪的适应能力是有限的。故选D项。 4.C　主旨大意题。根据第一段内容并结合文章主要说明了太平洋西北部遭受高温天气的情况,介绍了人及动物的伤亡情况以及原因可知,C选项“热浪袭击太平洋西北部”适合做文章标题。故选C项。 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了鲨鱼数量一直在减少,最近研究者们终于弄清楚了它们死亡的主要原因。 5.D　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“A new international study suggests that collisions (碰撞) with shipping traffic could be a major reason for the decrease.”可知,新研究发现鲨鱼可能大多死于撞船事故。故选D项。 6.A　细节理解题。根据第四段中的“The study showed that information from the devices used to track their movements often ended in busy shipping paths.”可知,提供信息结束意味着鲨鱼死亡了,鲨鱼死亡的地点促成了研究人员的发现。故选A项。 7.A　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“Most deadly strikes between whale sharks and boats are likely to go unobserved or unreported.”可推知,鲨鱼和船只碰撞而死不易被发现,也不被报道,这导致了鲨鱼的死因很难找到。故选A项。 8.B　推理判断题。根据最后一段“Whale sharks can grow up to 20 meters long.They play an important part in providing healthy ocean environments.”可知,鲨鱼在平衡海洋生态环境方面发挥重要作用。发现鲨鱼的死亡原因可以帮助保护鲨鱼,这一新发现是很重要的。故选B项。 Ⅴ.【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了五个提高阅读体验的关键策略。 1.G　根据上文“Engage with the text.Engagement is crucial when reading literature.”可知,本段的主题是讲述与文本互动,所以G项“This means actively interacting with the text,not just reading the words”是对前句的进一步解释,而下文“Ask questions as you read:Why did the character do that?...helps you to think critically and to immerse yourself in the literary world.”是讲述互动的具体方法。故选G项。 2.C　根据上文“Understand the historical and cultural context.”以及下文“It reflects the culture in which it was written...you can gain a deeper understanding of the text.”可知,本段讲述了解文章背后的历史和文化背景可以增加对文章的了解,所以C项“Every piece of literature is a product of its time”是对上文的进一步解释,并引出下文,符合文意。故选C项。 3.B　设空处位于段首,为本段中心句,根据下文“Literature is an art form that uses language in creative and often complex ways...Knowing these techniques can reveal hidden layers of meaning and give you a greater appreciation of the author’s craft.”可知,本段主要讲述通过了解文学技巧来分析文章,所以B项“Analyze literary techniques”符合本段主题,为本段中心句。故选B项。 4.F　根据上文“Reflect on themes and personal relevance...Reflect on the themes you encounter in the text and consider how they relate to your own experiences and beliefs.”可知,本段主要讲述通过将文章主题和个人经历联系起来来理解文章,所以F项“This personal connection can make reading more meaningful”介绍上文提到的方法的好处,符合文意。故选F项。 5.E　根据空处前句子“ These discussions can provide you with new perspectives. ”可知,与人交流讨论能带来新看法、拓宽思路,这些探讨还能加深对文学作品的理解,逻辑承接顺畅。故选E项。 Ⅵ.【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了广西漓江水污染问题以及当地政府采取的措施。 1.throwing　此处为“名词+动名词的复合结构”作such as的宾语,故填throwing。 2.that/which　分析句子结构可知,空处引导定语从句,先行词是oil,关系词在从句中作主语,应用关系代词that或which,故填that/which。 3.on　句中on board意为“在船、火车(飞机)上”,是固定短语,故填on。 4.Fortunately　分析句子结构可知,空处作状语,应用副词形式fortunately,首字母应大写,故填Fortunately。 5.the　根据“of waste water treatment facilities”可知,construction表示特指,应用定冠词,故填the。 6.conservation　分析句子结构可知,空处是并列宾语,应用名词conservation,conservation为不可数名词,water conservation“节水”,故填conservation。 7.or　分析句子结构可知,closed和moved之间是选择关系,应用连词or,故填or。 8.were used/was used　分析句子结构可知,主语media和动词use之间是被动关系,结合上下文可知句子描述过去发生的事情,用一般过去时的被动语态,主语表示单复数意义均可,故填were/was used。 9.ambitious　分析句子结构可知,空处修饰名词短语“Water Ten Plan”,应用形容词作定语,故填ambitious。 10.to come　分析句子结构可知,come表示将来的动作,用动词不定式作后置定语,故填to come。 Ⅶ.An English Speech Contest on Ocean Exploration  An English speech contest about whether we should explore the ocean was held in our school library last Saturday. The competition started at 9:00 am and lasted two hours.Students who have a good command of English and show great interest in this topic took turns to give us a speech.Their performances on the stage were so wonderful that they were greeted with applause and praise. The activity was highly spoken of because not only did it enrich our school life but it also enabled us to realize the importance of protecting the ocean. Ⅷ.I fed the little fellow,and then went with him to see Sandy.Poor Sandy was lying on a bundle of shavings.The moment I went into the poor house,he recognized me.Weak as he was,he still struggled to sit up.Seeing this,I rushed to him and patted him on the shoulder.He looked up at me with tears in his eyes.With difficulty he murmured,“I’m sure I’m dying,and who will take care of my little brother?” Sad tears streamed down the cheeks. Then I took him by the hand,and said,“I would always take care of your little brother.” On hearing my words,he was so surprised that he froze with his mouth wide open.He tried to look up to me as if to thank me.Suddenly,the light went out of his blue eyes.How poor little Sandy was!He was dead.Such is Sandy,a little boy who kept his word and set a good example for me.I will never forget his promise and love his little brother to the end. 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $