Unit 8 Making a Difference-单元重点单词专项2025-2026学年人教版八年级英语下册

Unit 8 Making a Difference 单元重点单词专项 Ⅰ. 重点单词详解 1. volunteer (v. / n.) 音标：/ˌvɒlənˈtɪə(r)/（英式）/ˌvɑːlənˈtɪr/（美式） 核心释义：v. 自愿做；义务做；n. 志愿者 用法解析：作动词时，为不及物动词，常用搭配“volunteer to do sth.”（自愿做某事）、“volunteer in + 地点”（在某地做志愿者）；作名词时，为可数名词，常用搭配“a volunteer”（一名志愿者）、“volunteer work”（志愿工作），是本单元志愿服务主题核心词汇。 原创例句：① I volunteer to help homeless people carry their things every weekend.（我每个周末都自愿帮无家可归的人搬东西。） ② She is a volunteer at the community center and often helps old people.（她是社区中心的一名志愿者，经常帮助老人。） 2. donate (v.) 音标：/dəʊˈneɪt/（英式）/ˈdoʊneɪt/（美式） 核心释义：捐赠；捐献 用法解析：及物动词，侧重“主动捐赠物品、金钱等帮助他人”，常用搭配“donate sth. to sb./sp.”（把某物捐赠给某人/某地），名词形式为donation（捐赠物），贴合本单元公益捐赠场景。 原创例句：① My parents often donate old clothes and books to the children in poor areas.（我父母经常把旧衣服和书捐赠给贫困地区的孩子。） ② We plan to donate some money to the sick children in the hospital.（我们计划给医院里生病的孩子捐一些钱。） 3. encourage (v.) 音标：/ɪnˈkʌrɪdʒ/ 核心释义：鼓励；激励 用法解析：及物动词，常用搭配“encourage sb. to do sth.”（鼓励某人做某事）、“encourage sb. in sth.”（在某事上鼓励某人），名词形式为encouragement（鼓励），贴合本单元“鼓励他人参与志愿、传递善意”的场景。 原创例句：① Our teacher encourages us to make a difference with small kind actions.（我们老师鼓励我们用小小的善举创造改变。） ② She encouraged her brother to join the volunteer group to help others.（她鼓励她弟弟加入志愿者小组帮助他人。） 4. organize (v.) 音标：/ˈɔːɡənaɪz/（英式）/ˈɔːrɡənaɪz/（美式） 核心释义：组织；筹备 用法解析：及物动词，常用搭配“organize sth.”（组织某物/活动）、“organize sb. to do sth.”（组织某人做某事），名词形式为organization（组织），贴合本单元组织慈善活动、志愿活动的场景。 原创例句：① Our class organized a charity sale to raise money for the poor last week.（我们班上周组织了一场慈善义卖，为穷人筹集资金。） ② He will organize his friends to cheer up the sick children in hospital.（他将组织他的朋友去医院让生病的孩子开心起来。） 5. cheer (v. / n.) 音标：/tʃɪə(r)/（英式）/tʃɪr/（美式） 核心释义：v. 使高兴；使振奋；欢呼；n. 欢呼；喝彩 用法解析：作动词时，常用搭配“cheer sb. up”（使某人高兴起来、使某人振奋）、“cheer for sb.”（为某人欢呼）；作名词时，常用搭配“a cheer”（一声欢呼），贴合本单元“安慰、鼓励帮助对象”的场景。 原创例句：① We cheered up the homeless boy by telling him funny stories.（我们通过给那个无家可归的男孩讲有趣的故事让他开心起来。） ② Everyone gave a loud cheer when we finished the volunteer activity successfully.（当我们成功完成志愿活动时，每个人都大声欢呼。） 6. raise (v.) 音标：/reɪz/ 核心释义：筹集；举起；养育 用法解析：及物动词，本单元重点考查“筹集（金钱、物资）”含义，常用搭配“raise money for sb.”（为某人筹集资金）、“raise sth. for sb.”（为某人筹集某物），区别于rise（上升，不及物动词），是本单元慈善活动核心词汇。 原创例句：① We raised 1,500 yuan for the poor children in the countryside.（我们为农村的贫困孩子筹集了1500元。） ② She raised her hand to volunteer to help the old people cross the road.（她举手自愿帮助老人过马路。） 7. proud (adj.) 音标：/praʊd/ 核心释义：自豪的；骄傲的 用法解析：形容词，常用搭配“be proud of sb./sth.”（为某人/某物感到自豪）、“be proud to do sth.”（为做某事而自豪），副词形式为proudly（自豪地），贴合本单元“参与志愿、帮助他人后的自豪感受”。 原创例句：① My parents are proud of me because I often help my classmates with their studies.（我父母为我感到自豪，因为我经常帮助同学学习。） ② She is proud to be a volunteer and help people in need.（她为成为一名志愿者、帮助有需要的人而自豪。） 8. realize (v.) 音标：/ˈriːəlaɪz/（英式）/ˈriːəlaɪz/（美式） 核心释义：意识到；实现 用法解析：及物动词，常用搭配“realize sth.”（意识到某物/某事）、“realize that从句”（意识到……），本单元重点考查“意识到善意的重要性、帮助他人的意义”，贴合单元主题。 原创例句：① I realized the importance of helping others when I saw the smile on the old man’s face.（当我看到老人脸上的笑容时，我意识到了帮助他人的重要性。） ② We can realize our dream of helping others by doing small kind things every day.（我们可以通过每天做小事来实现帮助他人的梦想。） Ⅱ. 单词专项练习 （一）根据句意及首字母提示完成单词 1. Many students v________ to help old people clean their rooms on weekends. 2. My family often d________ old clothes to the poor children in the countryside. 3. Our teacher often e________ us to join the volunteer group and help others. 4. They will o________ a charity sale at school next month to raise money. 5. We told funny stories to c________ up the sick children in the hospital. 6. We r________ a lot of money for the homeless people last week. 7. My parents are p________ of me because I did well in the volunteer work. 8. She r________ her mistake and decided to help others more often. 9. He is a good v________ and spends his free time helping people in need. 10. We need to o________ our time well to finish the volunteer task on time. （二）用所给单词的适当形式填空 1. He __________ (volunteer) in the community center since last term. 2. My mother often __________ (donate) old books to the children’s home. 3. We __________ (not organize) any charity activities yet; we are planning now. 4. She __________ (encourage) her sister to help homeless animals last week. 5.Let’s __________ (cheer) up the sick children with interesting games. 6. They __________ (raise) 2,000 yuan for the poor before the end of last month. 7. I am __________ (proud) to be a volunteer and help people around me. 8. He __________ (realize) the meaning of kindness when he was 14 years old. 9. It’s meaningful for us __________ (donate) our old things to the poor. 10. We have been __________ (organize) the volunteer activity for three days. （三）单项选择 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1. —Who __________ the charity activity last weekend? —Our class monitor. He did a good job. A. organized B. volunteered C. donated D. raised 2. She often __________ her old clothes to the poor, so she is respected by everyone. A. raises B. donates C. cheers D. realizes 3. Our teacher __________ us to make a difference with small kind actions every day. A. encourages B. volunteers C. organizes D. proud 4. It’s difficult for us __________ so much money for the sick children in a short time. A. raise B. to raise C. raising D. raised 5. My brother is a __________ and he spends his weekends helping old people. A. volunteer B. donation C. encouragement D. pride （四）单词辨析 请辨析下列每组单词的用法，并用每组单词各造一个原创句子。 1. volunteer (v.) vs. donate (v.) 辨析：volunteer侧重“自愿付出时间、精力去帮助他人”，常用搭配volunteer to do sth.；donate侧重“捐赠物品、金钱等物资帮助他人”，常用搭配donate sth. to sb.，二者均贴合本单元志愿服务、传递善意的场景。 造句：① ________________________________________________ ② ________________________________________________ 2. raise (v.) vs. organize (v.) 辨析：raise侧重“筹集（金钱、物资）”，目的是帮助他人，常用搭配raise money for sb.；organize侧重“组织、筹备活动”，可用于组织慈善活动、志愿活动等，常用搭配organize sth.。 造句：① ________________________________________________ ② ________________________________________________ （五）根据句意完成句子 用本单元重点单词的适当形式完成句子，使句意完整、语法正确。 1. 他自愿花时间帮助社区里的老人。 He __________ his time to help the old people in the community. 2. 我们计划为贫困地区的孩子捐赠一些书。 We plan to __________ some books to the children in poor areas. 3. 老师鼓励我们用小小的善举创造改变。 Our teacher __________ us to make a difference with small kind actions. 4. 他们上周组织了一场慈善义卖，筹集了很多钱。 They __________ a charity sale and __________ a lot of money last week. 5. 我为自己能帮助有需要的人而感到自豪。 I am __________ to help people in need. 参考答案 （一）根据句意及首字母提示完成单词 1. volunteer 2. donate 3. encourages 4. organize 5. cheer 6. raised 7. proud 8. realized 9. volunteer 10. organize （二）用所给单词的适当形式填空 1. has volunteered 2. donates 3. haven’t organized 4. encouraged 5. cheer 6. had raised 7. proud 8. realized 9. to donate 10. organizing （三）单项选择 1. A 2. B 3. A 4. B 5. A （四）单词辨析 1. 示例：① I volunteer to clean the old people’s home every weekend.（我每个周末都自愿打扫养老院。） ② She donates her old toys to the children in the countryside every year.（她每年都把旧玩具捐赠给农村的孩子。） 2. 示例：① We raised 1,000 yuan for the sick children in hospital.（我们为医院里生病的孩子筹集了1000元。） ② They organized a volunteer activity to help homeless people.（他们组织了一场志愿活动帮助无家可归的人。） （造句合理、语法正确即可得分） （五）根据句意完成句子 1. volunteers 2. donate 3. encourages 4. organized; raised 5. proud 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $