Unit8 Making a Difference语法分层练习2025-2026学年人教版英语八年级下册

该初中英语知识清单聚焦现在完成时语法体系，从基础的for/since时间状语辨析入手，逐步过渡到瞬间动词与延续性动词转换（如borrow→keep、die→be dead），再到综合语境中的时态运用，构建从基础认知到灵活应用的学习支架。 资料采用A/B/C三层分层设计适配不同学习能力学生，题型涵盖选择、填空、翻译等，强化语言能力中的理解与表达。动词转换训练引导学生分析比较，提升思维品质，助力系统掌握现在完成时语法规则，培养科学学习方法。

Unit 8 语法分层练习 (A层挑战卷) - 答案及解析 【详细解析】 一、单项选择 解析 · 第1题: [ B ] 解析：How long (for two weeks) 需搭配延续性动词 keep。 · 第2题: [ C ] 解析：When I got there (过去) 电影已经开始并持续了一段时间，用过去完成时态的延续形式或状态。has begun 错(时态不对且瞬间)，has been on 错(时态)。had been on (过去完成状态) 正确。 · 第3题: [ A ] 解析：When 提问时间点，用瞬间动词 join。 · 第4题: [ A ] 解析：It has been ... since ... + 一般过去时 (moved)。 · 第5题: [ B ] 解析：just now = a moment ago，用于一般过去时 saw。 · 第6题: [ A ] 解析：two days ago 用过去时 (bought)；for two days 用完成时且需延续 (has had)。 · 第7题: [ A ] 解析：left an hour ago 说明不在这里，has gone。 · 第8题: [ C ] 解析：for an hour 需延续。has finished (错)，has ended (错)。has been over (状态：结束了一小时) 符合语境。 · 第9题: [ B ] 解析：last month 时间点用 since。 · 第10题: [ B ] 解析：Neither he nor I... 就近原则取决于 I -> have been。 · 第11题: [ C ] 解析：for ten years + 状态 (has been dead)。 · 第12题: [ C ] 解析：How long + 延续性状态 (been married)。 · 第13题: [ B ] 解析：so I can watch TV (现在的影响) -> have finished。 · 第14题: [ C ] 解析：for a month (住在/在某地) -> has been in。 · 第15题: [ A ] 解析：Where is Jim? -> has gone to。 二、语篇填空 解析 · 第1题: [ have lived ] 解析：since then 提示完成时。 · 第2题: [ knew ] 解析：When we first arrived (过去时背景)。 · 第3题: [ joined ] 解析：Then (那时) -> 过去动作。 · 第4题: [ have been ] 解析：for four years now。 · 第5题: [ bought ] 解析：Last month。 · 第6题: [ have had ] 解析：for about three weeks。 · 第7题: [ died ] 解析：in 2015。 · 第8题: [ has been ] 解析：dead (adj) for many years。 · 第9题: [ has changed ] 解析：in the past few years。 · 第10题: [ have made ] 解析：have made a difference (成就/影响)。 三、汉译英 解析 · 第1题: [ He has been in the army for three years. ] 解析：join -> be in the army。 · 第2题: [ I have had this computer since I was in middle school. ] 解析：略 · 第3题: [ The movie has been on for half an hour. ] 解析：begin -> be on。 · 第4题: [ His grandfather has been dead for ten years. ] 解析：die -> be dead。 · 第5题: [ I lost my pen just now, but I haven't found it yet. ] 解析：just now (past), yet (perfect)。 Unit 8 语法分层练习 (B层提升卷) - 答案及解析 【详细解析】 一、单项选择 解析 · 第1题: [ B ] 解析：for two weeks -> kept (延续)。 · 第2题: [ C ] 解析：for two years -> has been dead。 · 第3题: [ C ] 解析：since 1990 -> has been in the Party (join 是瞬间)。 · 第4题: [ A ] 解析：for two hours -> I have been here (arrive 是瞬间)。 · 第5题: [ A ] 解析：since three years ago -> have learnt。 · 第6题: [ B ] 解析：saw (过去时) -> just now。 · 第7题: [ A ] 解析：Since 2018 (时间段回答) -> How long。 · 第8题: [ B ] 解析：for half an hour -> has been on。 · 第9题: [ B ] 解析：It is ... since ... + 一般过去时 (met)。 · 第10题: [ B ] 解析：yesterday -> left。 · 第11题: [ B ] 解析：Where is Tom? -> has gone to。 · 第12题: [ A ] 解析：has been away (leave 的延续状态)。 · 第13题: [ A ] 解析：so far (到目前为止) -> 现在完成时。 · 第14题: [ B ] 解析：for a week -> has been in。 · 第15题: [ C ] 解析：last week -> bought。 二、句型转换 解析 · 第1题: [ have had ] 解析：buy -> have。 · 第2题: [ has been ] 解析：join -> be in。 · 第3题: [ has been dead ] 解析：die -> be dead。 · 第4题: [ has been away ] 解析：left -> be away。 · 第5题: [ How long ] 解析：略 三、短文改错 解析 · 第1题: [ borrowed -> kept ] 解析：for three days 需延续。 · 第2题: [ died -> been dead ] 解析：for two years 需状态。 · 第3题: [ arrived -> been ] 解析：arrive 是瞬间动词。 · 第4题: [ has left -> left ] 解析：since 后接过去时句子。 · 第5题: [ have seen -> saw ] 解析：just now 用过去时。 Unit 8 语法分层练习 (C层基础卷) - 答案及解析 【详细解析】 一、单项选择 解析 · 第1题: [ A ] 解析：ten years 用 for。 · 第2题: [ B ] 解析：2010 时间点用 since。 · 第3题: [ A ] 解析：since + 句子。 · 第4题: [ C ] 解析：For ... months 回答 -> How long。 · 第5题: [ A ] 解析：yesterday -> lost。 · 第6题: [ B ] 解析：can't open now (影响) -> have lost。 · 第7题: [ C ] 解析：It has been ... since ... · 第8题: [ A ] 解析：saw -> just now。 · 第9题: [ C ] 解析：for 3 days -> has been in。 · 第10题: [ A ] 解析：has been + dead (adj)。 二、写出下列瞬间动词对应的延续性动词/短语 解析 · 第1题: [ have ] 解析：略 · 第2题: [ keep ] 解析：略 · 第3题: [ be dead ] 解析：略 · 第4题: [ be in / be a member of ] 解析：略 · 第5题: [ be away ] 解析：略 · 第6题: [ be on ] 解析：略 · 第7题: [ be on ] 解析：略 · 第8题: [ be in / be at ] 解析：略 · 第9题: [ be in / be at ] 解析：略 · 第10题: [ be in / be at ] 解析：略 三、根据汉语意思完成句子 解析 · 第1题: [ have lived ] 解析：略 · 第2题: [ since ] 解析：略 · 第3题: [ keep ] 解析：How long + keep · 第4题: [ left ] 解析：since + 过去时 · 第5题: [ been on ] 解析：略 · 第6题: [ dead ] 解析：略 · 第7题: [ in ] 解析：be in the club · 第8题: [ been away ] 解析：略 · 第9题: [ lost ] 解析：yesterday -> past simple · 第10题: [ been in ] 解析：略 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 8 语法分层练习 (A层挑战卷) 班级: ___________ 姓名: ___________ 学号: ___________ 得分: ___________ 一、单项选择 (15题，每题2分，共30分) 1. —How long can I (          ) the book? —For two weeks. A. borrow B. keep C. lend 2. The movie (          ) for ten minutes when I got there. A. has begun B. had begun C. had been on 3. —When did you (          ) the army? —Two years ago. A. join B. be in C. be a member of 4. It has been 5 years since we (          ) to this city. A. moved B. have moved C. move 5. I saw him (          ). He looked happy. A. just B. just now C. yet 6. He (          ) the book two days ago and he (          ) it for two days. A. bought; has had B. has had; bought C. bought; bought 7. —Has he (          )? —Yes, he left an hour ago. A. gone B. been away C. left 8. The meeting (          ) for an hour. A. has finished B. has ended C. has been over 9. I haven't seen him (          ) last month. A. for B. since C. when 10. Neither he nor I (          ) to the Great Wall before. A. has been B. have been C. have gone 11. His grandfather (          ) for ten years. A. has died B. died C. has been dead 12. —How long have you (          )? —Since 2010. A. married B. got married C. been married 13. I (          ) my homework, so I can watch TV now. A. finished B. have finished C. finish 14. She (          ) Shanghai for a month. A. has gone to B. has been to C. has been in 15. —Where is Jim? —He (          ) to the library. A. has gone B. has been C. went 二、语篇填空 (10题，每题3分，共30分) My family moved to this city five years ago. We (1)________ (live) here since then. When we first arrived, I (2)________ (know) nobody. Then I (3)________ (join) a sports club. I (4)________ (be) in the club for four years now. I made many friends there. Last month, I (5)________ (buy) a new bike. I (6)________ (have) it for about three weeks. It is very useful. My grandfather (7)________ (die) in 2015. He (8)________ (be) dead for many years, but I still miss him. Life (9)________ (change) a lot in the past few years. I (10)________ (make) a difference in my own way. 三、汉译英 (5题，每题4分，共20分) 1. 他参军已经三年了。 __________________________________________________________________ 2. 自从我上中学以来，我就有这台电脑了。 __________________________________________________________________ 3. 电影已经开始半小时了。 __________________________________________________________________ 4. 他的祖父已经去世十年了。 __________________________________________________________________ 5. 我刚才丢了钢笔，但我还没找到它。 __________________________________________________________________ Unit 8 语法分层练习 (B层提升卷) 班级: ___________ 姓名: ___________ 学号: ___________ 得分: ___________ 一、单项选择 (15题，每题2分，共30分) 1. I have (          ) this book for two weeks. A. borrowed B. kept C. bought 2. The old man (          ) for two years. A. died B. has died C. has been dead 3. My uncle (          ) the Party since 1990. A. has joined B. joined C. has been in 4. —When did you arrive here? —I (          ) here for two hours. A. have been B. have arrived C. arrived 5. We (          ) English since three years ago. A. have learnt B. learnt C. learn 6. I saw him (          ). A. just B. just now C. already 7. —(          ) have you been in China? —Since 2018. A. How long B. How soon C. When 8. The meeting (          ) for half an hour. A. has begun B. has been on C. began 9. It is five years since we (          ) last time. A. meet B. met C. have met 10. He (          ) home yesterday. A. leaves B. left C. has left 11. —Where is Tom? —He (          ) the library. A. has been to B. has gone to C. went to 12. She has been (          ) for an hour. A. away B. left C. leaving 13. I (          ) the computer so far. A. haven't used B. didn't use C. don't use 14. My father (          ) Beijing for a week. A. has been to B. has been in C. has arrived in 15. I (          ) a new pen last week. A. have bought B. buy C. bought 二、句型转换 (5题，每题4分，共20分) 1. I bought the watch two days ago. (改为现在完成时) I _________ _________ the watch for two days. 2. He joined the art club in 2020. (用since改写) He _________ _________ in the art club since 2020. 3. The cat died a week ago. (改为现在完成时) The cat _________ _________ _________ for a week. 4. She left ten minutes ago. (改为现在完成时) She _________ _________ _________ for ten minutes. 5. When did you come here? (改为How long...?) _________ _________ have you been here? 三、短文改错 (5题，每题4分，共20分，找出错误并在横线上改正) 1. I have borrowed the book for three days. ______________ 2. He has died for two years. ______________ 3. I have arrived here for two hours. ______________ 4. It is three years since he has left home. ______________ 5. I have seen him just now. ______________ Unit 8 语法分层练习 (C层基础卷) 班级: ___________ 姓名: ___________ 学号: ___________ 得分: ___________ 一、单项选择 (10题，每题2分，共20分) 1. I have lived here (          ) ten years. A. for B. since C. in 2. He has known me (          ) 2010. A. for B. since C. about 3. We have been friends (          ) we met at school. A. since B. for C. when 4. —(          ) have you had this bike? —For about two months. A. How soon B. How often C. How long 5. He (          ) his key yesterday. A. lost B. has lost C. have lost 6. I (          ) my key. I can't open the door now. A. lost B. have lost C. lose 7. It has been three years (          ) he left home. A. when B. for C. since 8. I saw him (          ). A. just now B. just C. yet 9. He has (          ) in Beijing for 3 days. A. arrived B. come C. been 10. His dog has been (          ) for a year. A. dead B. die C. died 二、写出下列瞬间动词对应的延续性动词/短语 (10题，每题3分，共30分) 1. buy — _______ 2. borrow — _______ 3. die — _______ 4. join — _______ 5. leave — _______ 6. begin — _______ 7. start — _______ 8. arrive — _______ 9. come — _______ 10. go — _______ 三、根据汉语意思完成句子 (10题，每题5分，共50分) 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. 我住在这里已经十年了。 I ________ ________ here for ten years. 2. 自从2010年我就认识他了。 I have known him ________ 2010. 3. 这本书我可以借多久？ How long can I ________ the book? 4. 他离家已经三年了。 It has been three years since he ________ home. 5. 这部电影已经开始10分钟了。 The film has ________ ________ for 10 minutes. 6. 他的狗已经死了一年了。 His dog has been ________ for a year. 7. 他加入这个俱乐部已经两年了。 He has been ________ the club for two years. 8. 她已经离开一个小时了。 She has ________ ________ for an hour. 9. 我昨天丢了我的钥匙。 I ________ my key yesterday. 10. 他已经在北京三天了。 He has ________ ________ Beijing for 3 days. $