Unit 3 Growing Up知识点总结及练习 2025-2026学年人教版八年级英语下册

Unit 3 Growing Up 知识点总结 一、单元核心知识点梳理 （一）核心词汇（按类别梳理，必考点） 1. 成长状态与品质相关（核心必记） grow（成长；生长）、grow up（长大；成熟）、independent（独立的）、responsibility（责任）、responsible（负责任的）、develop（发展；培养）、development（发展）、guide（指导；引导）、guidance（指导）、achieve（实现；达到）、achievement（成就）、brave（勇敢的）、confident（自信的）、habit（习惯）、growth（成长） 2. 动作与行为相关 depend（依靠；依赖）、realize（意识到；认识到）、face（面对）、overcome（克服）、try（尝试）、manage（设法做到）、support（支持）、share（分享）、learn（学习）、change（改变）、prepare（准备）、succeed（成功） 3. 动词及短语（必考点） grow up（长大成人；成熟）、depend on（依靠；依赖）、on one’s own（独自；独立地）、by oneself（独自）、develop a habit（培养习惯）、achieve a goal（实现目标）、face difficulties（面对困难）、with the guidance of（在……的指导下）、take responsibility for（对……负责）、try to do sth.（努力做某事）、manage to do sth.（设法做成某事）、make progress（取得进步）、learn to be independent（学会独立） 4. 基础副词与介词 once（曾经）、now（现在）、gradually（逐渐地）、finally（最终）、sometimes（有时）、always（总是）、never（从不）、with（和……一起；在……的帮助下）、by（通过……方式）、for（为了）、of（……的）、since（自从……以来）、when（当……的时候） （二）核心语法（重点考点） 1. 现在完成时（核心重点） • 表示从过去开始持续到现在的动作或状态，或过去的动作对现在造成的影响，常与since（自从）、for（持续……时间）、already（已经）、yet（还；尚未）等词连用； 肯定句：主语 + have/has + 动词过去分词 + 其他（如：She has developed a good habit since she entered Grade 8. 自从进入八年级，她就养成了一个好习惯。）； 否定句：主语 + haven’t/hasn’t + 动词过去分词 + 其他（如：He hasn’t realized the importance of being independent yet. 他还没有意识到独立的重要性。）； 疑问句：Have/Has + 主语 + 动词过去分词 + 其他？（回答：Yes, 主语 + have/has. / No, 主语 + haven’t/hasn’t.）（如：Have you grown up a lot in the past year? Yes, I have. 过去一年你长大了很多吗？是的，我长大了很多。）； • 拓展：since引导的时间状语从句，主句用现在完成时，从句用一般过去时（如：I have changed a lot since I met my new teacher. 自从遇到我的新老师，我改变了很多。）。 2. 一般过去时与used to do sth.（重点） • 一般过去时：表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态，谓语动词用过去式，常与yesterday、last year、when I was young等时间状语连用（如：I depended on my parents a lot when I was a little kid. 我小时候很依赖父母。）； • used to do sth.：表示“过去常常做某事”，现在不再做了，否定形式为didn’t use to do sth.，疑问句为Did...use to do sth.?（如：She used to be shy, but now she is outgoing. 她过去很害羞，但现在很外向。/ Did you use to ask your parents for help? 你过去常常向父母求助吗？）。 3. 不定式to do表目的（核心重点） • 表示“做某事的目的”，结构为“主语 + 动词 + 其他 + to do sth.”（如：We should work hard to achieve our dreams. 我们应该努力学习以实现我们的梦想。）； • 常见搭配：develop a habit to grow better（培养习惯以更好地成长）、learn to be independent to take responsibility（学会独立以承担责任）、prepare hard to face challenges（努力准备以面对挑战）。 4. 词性辨析（易错点） • develop（动词，培养；发展）vs development（名词，发展）：develop作谓语，development作主语或宾语（如：We should develop good habits. 我们应该培养好习惯。/ The development of teenagers needs guidance. 青少年的成长需要指导。）； • independent（形容词，独立的）vs independence（名词，独立）：independent修饰人或事物，independence作主语或宾语（如：She is an independent girl. 她是一个独立的女孩。/ We should learn to gain independence. 我们应该学会获得独立。）； • guide（动词/名词，指导；导游）vs guidance（名词，指导）：guide可作谓语或宾语，guidance仅作宾语，常与with搭配（如：My teacher guides me to be brave. 我的老师指导我要勇敢。/ With the guidance of my parents, I grew up. 在父母的指导下，我长大了。）。 （三）重点句型（高频考点） 1. 成长定义句型：Growing up means...（长大意味着……。）（如：Growing up means being responsible for ourselves. 长大意味着对自己负责。）。 2. 过去与现在对比句型：I used to..., but now I...（我过去……，但现在我……。）（如：I used to depend on my parents, but now I can do things on my own. 我过去依赖父母，但现在我能独自做事情了。）。 3. 依赖与独立句型：Sb. depends on sb. else for sth. / Sb. can do sth. on one’s own/by oneself.（某人依赖别人做某事。/ 某人能独自做某事。）（如：He used to depend on his mother for breakfast, but now he can make it by himself. 他过去依赖妈妈做早餐，但现在他能自己做了。）。 4. 目的句型：Sb. does sth. to do sth.（某人为了做某事而做某事。）（如：She studies hard to achieve her goal of getting good grades. 她努力学习以实现取得好成绩的目标。）。 5. 指导与帮助句型：With the guidance of sb., sb. does sth.（在某人的指导下，某人做了某事。）（如：With the guidance of my teacher, I realized the importance of growing up. 在老师的指导下，我意识到了成长的重要性。）。 6. 固定句型：It’s + 形容词 + for sb. to do sth.（对某人来说，做某事是……的。）（如：It’s important for teenagers to learn to be independent. 对青少年来说，学会独立是很重要的。）。 7. 询问成长变化句型：How have you changed since you grew up?（自从你长大，你发生了什么变化？）（回答：I have changed a lot. I used to..., but now I...）。 二、考点专项练习 （一）词汇类练习 1. 根据句意及汉语提示，填写单词的正确形式 （1）It’s important for us to learn to be ______（独立的）instead of depending on others all the time. （2）With the ______（指导）of our teachers, we have made great progress in our growth. （3）She worked hard and finally ______（实现）her dream of becoming a good student. （4）As we ______（长大）, we should take more responsibility for our own actions. （5）We should ______（培养）a good habit of reading to help us grow better. （6）He is a ______（负责任的）boy who always takes care of his little sister. （7）The ______（成长）of every child needs love and care from family and school. 2. 用所给单词的适当形式填空 （1）My brother ______（depend）on my parents for food and clothes when he was young. （2）She ______（develop）a good habit of exercising every morning since last month. （3）Our teacher often ______（guide）us to be brave and independent. （4）He ______（realize）that growing up is not easy when he faced his first challenge. （5）We should try our best ______（achieve）our goals and grow into better people. （6）How many good habits have you ______（develop）since you entered Grade 8? （7）She used to be shy, but now she can speak in front of others ______（confident）. （8）With the help of my parents, I ______（manage）to finish the work on my own yesterday. （二）语法类练习 1. 单项选择 （1）—______ have you grown up since you were 12 years old? —I have become more independent and responsible. A. How B. What C. When D. Where （2）She ______ to be quiet and shy, but now she is outgoing and brave. A. use B. uses C. used D. will use （3）My father ______ me to take responsibility for my own actions since I was a child. A. guide B. guides C. guided D. has guided （4）—Have you ______ the habit of getting up early? —Yes, I have. It helps me grow better. A. develop B. developed C. developing D. develops （5）It’s important for teenagers ______ to be independent instead of depending on others. A. learn B. learning C. to learn D. learned （6）—Did you ______ depend on your parents for everything? —No, I didn’t. I could do some things by myself. A. use to B. used to C. use D. used （7）He ______ his dream by working hard every day, and now he is very proud of himself. A. achieve B. achieves C. achieved D. has achieved 2. 句型转换 （1）I used to depend on my parents for help.（改为否定句） I ______ ______ ______ depend on my parents for help. （2）She has developed a good habit of reading since last year.（改为一般疑问句） ______ she ______ a good habit of reading since last year? （3）Growing up means being independent and responsible.（对划线部分提问） ______ ______ growing up ______? （4）He finished his homework on his own.（改为同义句） He finished his homework ______ ______ ______. （5）With the guidance of my teacher, I became more confident.（改为一般过去时的否定句） With the guidance of my teacher, I ______ ______ more confident. （6）We should work hard to achieve our dreams.（改为一般疑问句） ______ we ______ hard to achieve our dreams? （7）I have changed a lot since I entered Grade 8.（用he改写） He ______ ______ a lot since he entered Grade 8. （三）综合运用练习 根据中文提示完成句子，每空一词。 （1）自从我长大以来，我学会了独自处理自己的事情。 Since I ______ ______, I have learned to deal with my own things ______ ______ ______. （2）在老师的指导下，他实现了自己的目标，变得更加自信了。 With the ______ of his teacher, he ______ his goal and became more ______. （3）我们应该培养良好的习惯，对自己的行为负责。 We should ______ good ______ and be ______ ______ our own actions. （4）你过去常常向父母求助吗？不，我不常。我过去能自己做一些简单的事情。 ______ you ______ ______ ask your parents for help? No, I didn’t. I used to do some simple things ______ ______. （5）对青少年来说，学会面对挑战并克服它们是很有必要的。 It’s necessary for teenagers to learn to ______ ______ and ______ them. 参考答案 （一）词汇类练习 1. 根据句意及汉语提示填空 （1）independent （2）guidance （3）achieved （4）grow up （5）develop （6）responsible （7）growth 2. 用所给单词的适当形式填空 （1）depended （2）has developed （3）guides （4）realized （5）to achieve （6）developed （7）confidently （8）managed （二）语法类练习 1. 单项选择 （1）A （2）C （3）D （4）B （5）C （6）A （7）D 2. 句型转换 （1）did not use to （2）Has; developed （3）What does; mean （4）by himself / on his own （5）didn’t become （6）Should; work （7）has changed （三）综合运用练习 （1）grew up; on my own / by myself （2）guidance; achieved; confident （3）develop; habits; responsible for （4）Did; use to; by myself / on my own （5）face challenges; overcome 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $