Unit 5 Nature 学习任务单 2025-2026学年人教版八年级英语下册

该初中英语单元学案以“Nature's Temper”为主题，围绕自然灾害相关话题设计，整体学习目标涵盖词汇拓展、短语运用、语法巩固及语用能力提升。学案通过重点单词构词法与搭配拓展、核心短语分类梳理、课文改编练习到语法填空、阅读任务的递进式设计，构建从基础语言知识到综合应用的完整学习路径，体现知识建构的系统性和连贯性。 亮点在于“真实情境下的语言实践”设计，如Tilly利用课堂知识预警海啸的课文改编练习，结合语法填空（时态、非谓语）和阅读理解（动物预测地震）任务，培养学生语言能力（信息提取与表达）和思维品质（分析推断）。课后分层作业（完形填空、阅读）促进知识迁移，为教师提供单元复习的完整教学支架，助力学生系统掌握单元内容并提升综合语言运用能力。

Unit 5 Nature's Temper 1、 重点单词及拓展 1.temper n. 脾气 →短语: lose one's temper 发脾气 2.earthquake n.地震 →由earth n.地球+ quake v.震动构成 →短语: have an earthquake 发生地震 3.flood n.洪水 →短语: flood control 防洪 flood water 洪水 flood warning 洪水预警 v.泛滥; 淹没 →短语: be flooded with 挤满; 大量涌入 flood out 淹没 4.warn v. 警告；提醒注意→ 搭配:warn sb. of sth. 警告某人某事 warn sb. against doing sth. 劝阻某人做某事→ warning n. 警告；警示 → 短语: an earthquake warning 地震预警 5.wave n. 波浪；波；挥手；v. 挥手；挥舞→ waving adj. 波浪状的；挥手→ 合成词:heatwave n. 热浪 6.interview n. &v.采访；面试 →短语: have an interview 采访→ interviewer n. 面试官；采访者→ interviewee n. 被面试者；被采访者 7.neighbourhood n. 街区 → 短语:in the neighbourhood 在附近 → neighbour n. 邻居 8.report n. & v. 汇报；报道 →短语: report (sth.) to sb. 向某人汇报 weather report 天气预报→ reporter n. 记者；报道者 9.trouble n. 苦恼；困难；v. 劳驾；麻烦 → 短语: in trouble 陷入困境 have trouble (in) doing sth. 做某事有困难→ troublesome adj. 麻烦的；讨厌的 10.relative n. 亲戚；adj. 相对的；相关的 →短语: a close relative 近亲→ relatively adv. 相对地；比较地→ relativity n. 相对性；相关性 11.supply n. 供应（量）；（pl. supplies）补给（品）→短语: water supply 供水 daily supplies 日用品 v.供应；供给 →搭配: supply sb. with sth. = supply sth. to sb. 把某物供给某人 → supplier n. 供应商；供应者 12.preparation n. 准备（工作）；预备→短语: make preparations 做准备 → prepare v. 准备；筹备 →短语: prepare for 为......做准备 13.power n. 电力供应；能量；力量 → 短语: power off 关机 lose power 停电→ powerful adj. 强大的；有力的 14.soundly adv.（睡觉）酣畅地；可靠地；完全彻底地→ sound adj. 健康的；可靠的；v. 听起来；发出声音 15.thick adj. 厚的；浓密的 →短语: thick fog 浓雾 thick hair 浓密头发 → thickness n. 厚度；浓度 16.hide v.（hid，hidden）躲藏；隐蔽 →短语: hide from 躲避 hide sth. from sb. 对某人隐瞒..... hide away 藏起来 → hidden adj. 隐藏的；隐秘的 17.worst adj. & adv. 最坏（的）；最糟（的）→ bad adj. 糟糕的（原级)→ worse adj. & adv. 更糟糕（的） 18.unfortunately adv. 不幸地; 可惜地→ fortunately adv. 幸运地→ fortunate adj. 幸运的 19.refuse v. 拒绝；退却 →搭配: refuse to do sth. 拒绝做某事 → refusal n. 拒绝；回绝 20.scream v. 尖叫；n. 尖叫；尖叫声 →短语: scream out 大声呼喊 scream at sb. 对某人吼叫 21.thankfully adv. 幸亏；感激地→ thankful adj. 感激的；感谢的 →短语: be thankful to sb. for sth. 因某事感谢某人 → thank v. 感谢；n. 感谢 →短语: thank sb. for doing sth. 感谢某人做了某事 22.knowledge n. 知识；学问→ knowledgeable adj. 有知识的；博学的→ know v. 知道；了解 23.thinking n. 思考；想法→ think v. 认为；思考→ thought n. 想法；思想 24.volunteer n. 志愿者；自告奋勇者 → 短语: volunteer service 志愿服务 work as a volunteer 当志愿者 v.自愿做；义务做 → 搭配: volunteer to do sth. 自愿做某事 → voluntary adj. 自愿的；志愿的 25.terribly adv. 非常糟地；非常→ terrible adj. 可怕的；糟糕的 26.alarm n. 警报（器）；惊恐 →短语: alarm clock 闹钟 fire alarm 火警 27.sudden adj. 突然的；骤然的 →短语: all of a sudden 突然→ suddenly adv. 突然地；骤然地 28.usual adj. 通常的；寻常的 →短语: as usual 像往常一样→ usually adv. 通常；平常→ unusual adj. 不寻常的；特别的 29.unlucky adj. 不幸的；不顺利的；不吉利的→ unluckily adv. 不幸地→ lucky adj. 幸运的；侥幸的（反义词） 二、重点短语： By Jean 2026 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 natural disasters自然灾害 at the time of在……的时候 do chores做家务 take a train乘火车 get flooded被淹没；遭水淹 in the eye of在……中心；处于……核心 take place发生；举行 weather report天气预报 advise sb. to do建议某人做某事 pay attention to注意；关注 be prepared for为……做好准备 rain hard下大雨 get into an accident遭遇事故；出意外 stay inside待在室内 emergency supplies应急物资 make preparations做准备 be likely to do sth 可能要做某事 warn sb. of sth.警告某人某事；提醒某人注意某事 sleep soundly睡得很香；酣睡 rain cats and dogs下倾盆大雨 look up查阅；向上看 beat against拍打；撞击 at once立刻；马上 sleep soundly酣睡，睡得安稳，睡得香 find ~ doing发现……正在做某事 happen to sb.某人发生（某事）；某人遭遇（某事） refuse to do sth.拒绝做某事 the rest of其余的；剩下的 return to sp.回到某地 security guard保安；警卫 right away立刻；马上 thanks to多亏；由于 mean the difference between life and death关系到生死；决定生死存亡 except for除了……之外 as soon as一……就…… survive a disaster在灾难中幸存 blow across吹过；刮过 sweep through席卷；迅速蔓延 avoid doing避免做某事 work together合作；共同努力 put out扑灭；熄灭 stay away from远离；避开 take a single step 迈出一步,哪怕一步,仅仅一步 by the end of到……结束时；截止到…… manage to do设法做成某事 go off（闹钟等）响起；爆炸 wake up醒来；叫醒 all of a sudden突然；忽然 too ~ to太……而不能…… out of breath气喘吁吁；上气不接下气 as a result结果；因此 catch a cold感冒 cause heavy traffic造成交通拥堵 go wrong出故障；出错 grow darker and darker变得越来越黑 by the time到……的时候 三、课文改编练习 On 26 December 2004, Tilly Smith, a 10-year-old English schoolgirl, and her family were on holiday in Phuket, Thailand. Everyone was enjoying the beautiful weather that morning. Some people were swimming in the sea,and some were relaxing on the beach. But while Tilly was walking along the beach with her family, she noticed something strange. Thick white froth was forming on top of the waves. Next, she saw that the waves were coming in instead of going out. Just then, she remembered something important. Two weeks before, her geography teacher had explained that earthquakes under the sea could create dangerous waves called tsunamis! "I know what's going to happen! There's going to be a big wave," Tilly cried. Unfortunately, her family didn't believe her and wanted to continue their walk. However, Tilly refused to take a single step further. Finally, her mother decided to continue the walk alone, and the rest of her family returned to the hotel. Back at the hotel, Tilly's father told a security guard about the tsunami. The security guard was shocked. He knew about the huge earthquake in nearby Indonesia. It meant that a tsunami was possible! He jumped into action right away and rushed to get people off the beach. Everyone began to panic. People were screaming and running as fast as they could when they saw a huge wall of water coming from the sea. Tilly was right! Her mother was one of the last people on the beach, but thankfully, her family made it to safety just as the water hit the hotel. The 2004 tsunami caused over 200,000 deaths, but no one on the beach died that day. This true story shows how a single lesson could mean the difference between life and death. Thanks to her knowledge and quick thinking, one schoolgirl was able to save over 100 lives. 1. What was the FIRST unusual thing Tilly noticed on the beach? A. People were screaming and running in panic. B. The waves were pulling back very far from the shore. C. Thick white froth was forming on the waves. D. She saw that the waves were coming in instead of going out. 2. What can we infer(推断) about the security guard after talking to Tilly's father? A. He already knew about the earthquake and understood the possible danger immediately. B. He didn’t believe Tilly's father and went to check the beach himself. C. He thought it was a false alarm but followed procedure to evacuate people. D. He had never heard of tsunamis before and didn't know what to do. 3. In the sentence "He jumped into action right away", the phrase "jumped into action" most likely means he _______. A. started to act very quickly and energetically B. was literally jumping up and down in fear C. decided to wait for more instructions D. began to run away from the beach to save himself 4. What is the main function of the LAST paragraph? A. It provides additional facts about the number of injuries. B. It summarizes the key lesson or message of the story. C. It describes what happened to Tilly after the tsunami. D. It gives advice on how to stay safe during natural disasters. 5. What is the main purpose of this passage? A. To describe the damage caused by the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami. B. To tell a true story about how a girl's knowledge from school saved lives. C. To explain the scientific reasons why tsunamis happen. D. To share a personal experience of surviving a natural disaster. 语法填空 On 26 December 2004, Tilly Smith, 1 10-year-old English schoolgirl, and her family were on holiday in Phuket, Thailand. Everyone was enjoying the beautiful weather that morning. Some people were swimming in the sea,and some were relaxing on the beach. But while Tilly 2 (walk) along the beach with her family, she noticed something strange. Thick white froth was forming on top of the waves. Next, she saw that the waves were coming in instead of 3 (go)out. Just then, she remembered something important. Two weeks before, her geography teacher had explained that earthquakes under the sea could create dangerous waves 4 (call) tsunamis! "I know what's going to happen! There's going to be a big wave," Tilly cried. Unfortunately, her family didn't believe her and wanted to continue their walk. However, Tilly refused 5 (take) a single step further. Finally, her mother decided to continue the walk alone, and the rest of her family returned to the hotel. Back at the hotel, Tilly's father told a security guard about the tsunami. The security guard was 6 (shock). He knew about the huge earthquake in nearby Indonesia. It meant that a tsunami was possible! He jumped 7 action right away and rushed to get people off the beach. Everyone began to panic. People were screaming and running as fast as they could 8 they saw a huge wall of water coming from the sea. Tilly was right! Her mother was one of the last people on the beach, but 9 (thankful), her family made it to safety just as the water hit the hotel. The 2004 tsunami caused over 200,000 10 (death), but no one on the beach died that day. This true story shows how a single lesson could mean the difference between life and death. Thanks to her knowledge and quick thinking, one schoolgirl was able to save over 100 lives. 课堂同步练习题 一、根据汉语提示填写重点英文单词（共 15 题，每题 1 分，计 15 分） 1. N________ (几乎) everyone in our class joined the school activity. 2. He was in a bad t________ (脾气；怒气) when he heard the bad news. 3. I finally reached the classroom, out of b__________ (呼吸). 4. She is in great t________ (苦恼；困难) these days and needs our help. 5. Lots of v________ (志愿者) came to help the poor and homeless people. 6. We need more p________ (电力供应；能量；力量) to keep the machines working. 7. The 2004 tsunami caused over 200,000 d__________ (死亡). 8. You shouldn’t r________ (拒绝；退却) his kind help so quickly. 9. The heavy rain caused f__________ (洪水) in different parts of the country. 10. My sister often r________ (复习；回顾) her notes carefully before the test. 11. We covered our windows and s__________ (储存) food and water. 12. K________ (知识；学问) can help us stay away from danger in many situations. 13. I am so t________ (幸亏；感激的) that you can come and help me in time. 14. I often visit my grandparents and other r________ (亲戚；亲属) on weekends. 15. Thanks to her knowledge and quick t__________ (思考), Lilly saved many lives. 二、用所给词的正确形式填空（共 15 题，每题 1 分，计 15 分） 1. I __________ (sleep) soundly when the rainstorm started. 2. While I __________ (wait) for the bus, it started to pour. 3. The wind was too strong for me __________ (use) my umbrella. 4. It was __________ (terrible) dangerous to stay outside in the typhoon. 5. It rained __________ (heavy) when we were walking home. 6. Her geography teacher __________ (explain) tsunamis two weeks before. 7. Lily refused __________ (take) a single step further. 8. __________ (fortunate), no one was hurt in the flood. 9. The tsunami __________ (sweep) through the village in 2004. 10. It was so dark that we could hardly see __________ (something). 11. People should avoid __________ (drive) during a snowstorm. 12. She was so scared that she couldn’t stop __________ (scream). 13. The teacher warned us __________ (be) careful in the wildfire. 14. He is one of the __________ (hero) in the accident. 15. We __________ (have) a party while the lights went out. 课后作业 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳答案。 Last summer, I went on a trip to the countryside. One day, the weather suddenly changed. The sky turned dark and the wind began to blow 1 . Soon, a heavy rainstorm hit. We were trapped in a small cabin. I felt a little 2 at first, but then I calmed down. During the storm, we saw lightning and heard thunder. The thunder was so loud that it made the windows 3 . After the storm, we went outside. The trees were damaged, and some leaves were 4 everywhere. We helped to clean up the area. We also planted some new trees. This experience made me realize the 5 of protecting nature. We should not cut down too many trees. We should try our best to 6 the environment. When we protect nature, we are also protecting 7 . We should respect every 8 in nature, such as trees, flowers and animals. I believe if we all work together, we can make our earth more 9 . Let’s take action now to 10 the balance of nature. 1．A．softly B．strongly C．quietly D．slowly 2．A．excited B．surprised C．happy D．scared 3．A．shake B．shaken C．shaking D．to shake 4．A．flying B．feeling C．lying D．running 5．A．Importance B．difficulty C．trouble D．success 6．A．protect B．destroy C．pollute D．ignore 7．A．ourselves B．yourself C．yourselves D．themselves 8．A．thing B．life C．person D．world 9．A．beautiful B．ugly C．dirty D．noisy 10．A．lose B．break C．keep D. forget 阅读理解 1．What is safe to use during a thunderstorm? A．Radios. B．Corded telephones. C．Computers. D．Mobile phones. 2．What should we do first during a thunderstorm? A．Find a safe shelter. B．Power off mobile phones. C．Protect ears from loud thunder. D．Stay away from metal objects. 3．Which of the following is the best shelter during a thunderstorm? A．A tall tree in an open field. B．A small tent on the grass. C．A closed-window car. D．A bus stop with a metal roof. 4．A family camping in an open area meets a thunderstorm. What should they do? A．Stand together under the tallest tree. B．Crouch low with their heels together. C．Keep their feet touching the ground. D．Stay out and lie down on the ground. 5．Where might we read this passage? A．On a weather website. B．In a travel magazine. C．In a sports newspaper. D．In a museum guidebook. B Can animals predict earthquakes? This question has interested scientists for a long time. Many stories from around the world suggest that animals act strangely before an earthquake hits. One famous example happened in China in 1975. In the city of Haicheng, people noticed many animals behaving unusually. Snakes came out of their holes in the middle of winter. Normally, snakes hibernate (冬眠) during cold weather, so this was very strange. Chickens refused to go into their coops (鸡笼). Dogs barked for no reason. Cows and horses seemed nervous and tried to break free from their fences. Because of these signs, the government ordered people to leave their homes. Just hours later, a huge earthquake struck the city. Many buildings fell down, but most people were safe because they had already moved outside. This event made people believe that animals really can sense when a disaster is coming. Scientists have several ideas about how animals might do this. Some think animals can feel small shaking in the ground that humans cannot feel. Others believe animals can sense changes in the air or in gases that come out of the ground before an earthquake. Animals also have much better hearing than humans, so they might hear sounds that we cannot hear. However, not all scientists agree that animals can predict earthquakes. They say that animals act strangely for many different reasons. Sometimes what looks like a warning sign is just normal animal behavior. More research is needed to understand this mystery. 6．What is the right order of what happened in Haicheng in 1975? a. A huge earthquake struck the city. b. People noticed animals behaving strangely. c. The government ordered people to leave their homes. A．a-b-c B．b-c-a C．c-a-b D．b-a-c 7．Why do some scientists think animals can sense earthquakes? A．Animals are smarter than humans. B．Animals can feel small shaking or sense changes in gases. C．Animals always act strangely for no reason. D．Animals have lived on Earth for a long time. 8．How does the writer support the main idea of paragraph 4? A．By telling a story. B．By giving numbers. C．By explaining reasons. D．By asking questions. 9．In which part of a newspaper can you probably read the text? A．Sports News. B．Science & Nature. C．Health & Life. D．Travel & Culture. $