精品解析：北京市陈经纶中学2025-2026学年第二学期初二英语期中练习

陈经纶中学2025-2026第二学期初二英语期中练习 时间：90分钟 满分：60分 班级：________ 姓名：________ 学号：________ 一、单项填空（每题0.5分，共6分） 从下面各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1. Mr. Smith is our English teacher, and ________ often tells us how to learn English well. A. I B. you C. he D. she 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：史密斯老师是我们的英语老师，他经常告诉我们如何学好英语。 考查人称代词辨析。I我；you你/你们；he他；she她。根据主语“Mr. Smith”可知，主语是男士，所以用he。故选C。 2. We like flying kites ________ spring because the weather is usually pleasant. A. in B. at C. on D. to 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：我们喜欢在春天放风筝，因为天气通常宜人。 考查介词辨析。in在，用于月份、季节、年份等较长的时间段；at在(某时间或时刻)；on在（某一天），用于具体的日期或星期、中午、早上、晚上等；to到。根据“spring”表示季节可知，此处用介词in。故选A。 3. My English teacher has helped me a lot ________ I want to say thanks to her. A. but B. so C. because D. or 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：我的英语老师帮助了我很多，所以我想对她说谢谢。 but但是；so所以；because因为；or或者。前一分句“老师帮助了我很多”是原因，后一分句“我想说谢谢”是结果，前后构成因果关系，应填so。 4. —________ do you often do your homework? —After dinner. A. Where B. Why C. When D. How 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：——你经常什么时候做作业？——晚饭后。 Where哪里；Why为什么；When什么时候；How如何。根据答语“After dinner.”可知，回答的是时间，所以用When提问。 5. —Ada, which subject do you like________, English or math? —English. A. well B. better C. best D. the best 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：——艾达，你更喜欢哪门课，英语还是数学？——英语。 考查比较级用法。根据“English or math?”可知，是在两者中进行比较。故选B。 6. —Peter, ________ you help me with my English? —Yes, I can. A. can B. need C. must D. may 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：——皮特，你能帮我学英语吗？——是的，我可以。 can能，可以；need需要；must必须；may也许。根据答语“Yes, I can.”可知，问句是由can引导的一般疑问句，问句与答语的情态动词需保持一致。 7. —Hi, Linda! I can’t find my cat. —Look! It ________ the ball under the tree. A. played B. will play C. plays D. is playing 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：——你好，琳达！我找不到我的猫了。——看！它在树下玩球。 考查动词时态。根据“Look!”可知，猫正在树下玩球，表示正在发生的动作用现在进行时：be doing。故选D。 8. Daming ________ a member of the school space club for two years. A. was B. is C. has been D. will be 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：大明是学校太空俱乐部的成员已经两年了。 根据时间状语“for two years”可知，表示状态从过去持续到现在，应用现在完成时，其结构为have done，主语为单三，助动词用has。 9. My grandmother ________ the flowers when I got home yesterday afternoon. A. waters B. is watering C. has watered D. was watering 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：昨天下午我到家时，我的祖母正在浇花。 考查时态。根据“when I got home yesterday afternoon.”可知，当我到家时是一个过去的具体时刻，此时祖母正在浇花，符合过去进行时的用法，故选D。 10. Mobile payment ________ by more and more people in China today. A. uses B. is used C. used D. was used 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：如今，移动支付在中国被越来越多的人使用。 考查时态和语态。主语Mobile payment和谓语use之间是被动关系，根据“today”可知此处用一般现在时的被动语态am/is/are done。故选B。 11. This email ________ by our English teacher five days ago. A. write B. wrote C. is written D. was written 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：这封电子邮件是我们的英语老师五天前写的。 考查动词。write写，原形；wrote过去式；is written一般现在时的被动语态；was written一般过去时的被动语态。主语This email与动词write之间存在被动关系，用be done的结构，时间状语是five days ago，因此用一般过去时的被动语态，故选D。 12. A new hospital ________ in my town next year A. builds B. built C. is built D. will be built 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：明年我的镇上将建造一所新医院。 主语“A new hospital”是动词“build”的承受者，应用被动语态；时间状语“next year”表明动作发生在将来，应用一般将来时。一般将来时的被动语态构成为“will be+过去分词”。 二、完形填空（每题1分，共8分） 阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。 Almost everyone has a dream job, and for Susan, it is being a whale trainer at her city’s aquarium (水族馆). Last year, Susan finally had a(n) ____13____ to get close to her dream, but it was more than just signing up. People who wanted this job had to take part in a competition. They needed to show how far they could go down into the seven-metre-deep pool that ____14____ the whales and how long they could stay there. The one who could reach the deepest and stay the longest underwater would get the job. Susan signed up to try out, and everything ____15____ smoothly (顺利地) at first. But then, as she went down to about five metres under the icy water, her legs stopped working. The cold water caused a huge pain in her legs. She was unable to swim back to the surface. She was in great ____16____ and couldn’t think. This only caused her to ____17____ farther into the pool. Just as Susan gave up hope, she ____18____ felt herself being pushed to the surface. It was Mila, a whale in the pool. She noticed Susan’s trouble, held her leg in her mouth and pushed Susan up to the surface. Susan was ____19____, thanks to Mila’s quick action. The aquarium spokesperson said Susan was really lucky, because Mila had realized Susan needed help before any of the working group did, which saved valuable time. “Whales are ____20____ animals—they live and play together. In the wild, they show great interest in humans and often swim close to boats and divers.” 13. A. chance B. job C. dream D. idea 14. A. covered B. bagged C. eyed D. housed 15. A. kept B. stayed C. continued D. went 16. A. excitement B. silence C. fear D. surprise 17. A. drop B. swim C. jump D. search 18. A. carefully B. suddenly C. hardly D. slowly 19. A. seen B. found C. caught D. saved 20. A. funny B. lonely C. social D. strong 【答案】13. A 14. D 15. D 16. C 17. A 18. B 19. D 20. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了苏珊为实现成为鲸鱼驯养员的梦想参加水下测试，遇险时被鲸鱼米拉救助的故事，展现了鲸鱼的社会性与善良。 【13题详解】 句意：去年，苏珊终于有了一个接近梦想的机会，但这不仅仅是报名而已。 前文提到“Almost everyone has a dream job, and for Susan, it is being a whale trainer”，此处指她获得了靠近梦想的契机，chance“机会”符合语境。job“工作”、dream“梦想”、idea“主意”均不合语境。 【14题详解】 句意：他们需要展示自己能下到饲养鲸鱼的七米深泳池多深，以及能在那里待多久。 后文提到鲸鱼生活在泳池中，此处修饰泳池，表达其饲养、容纳鲸鱼的功能，housed“容纳”符合逻辑。covered“覆盖”、bagged“装袋”、eyed“注视”均不合语境。 【15题详解】 句意：苏珊报名参加选拔，一开始一切都进展得很顺利。 后文提到“but it was more than just signing up”和“at first”的转折，go smoothly表示“进展顺利”，went符合搭配与语境。kept“保持”、stayed“保持”、continued“继续”均不合语境。 【16题详解】 句意：她极度恐惧，无法思考。 前文提到她腿无法动弹、无法游回水面，处于危险处境，fear“恐惧”符合此时的情绪逻辑。excitement“兴奋”、silence“沉默”、surprise“惊讶”均不合语境。 【17题详解】 句意：这只会让她向泳池深处沉得更远。 前文提到她无法游回水面，身体不受控制下沉，drop“下沉”符合语境。swim“游泳”、jump“跳”、search“寻找”均不合语境。 【18题详解】 句意：就在苏珊放弃希望时，她突然感觉自己被推向了水面。 前文提到她已经放弃希望，救助行为来得很意外，suddenly“突然地”符合情境。carefully“小心地”、hardly“几乎不”、slowly“缓慢地”均不合语境。 【19题详解】 句意：多亏了米拉的快速行动，苏珊得救了。 前文提到鲸鱼把她推回水面，脱离了危险，saved“被救”符合事件结果。seen“被看见”、found“被发现”、caught“被抓住”均不合语境。 【20题详解】 句意：鲸鱼是群居动物——它们一起生活、一起玩耍。 后文提到“they live and play together”，体现鲸鱼的社会性，social“群居的、社会性的”符合语境。funny“有趣的”、lonely“孤独的”、strong“强壮的”均不合语境。 三、阅读理解（每题2分，共26分） （一） A 阅读下列建议，请根据人物遇到的烦恼匹配最适合的建议，并将所对应的A、B、C、D选项填在相应位置上。选项中有一项为多余选项。 Here are four suggestions for students. Please find the right advice for each of the students. ______21______ I live at school and miss my family. I feel lonely and upset. ______22______ I failed a math exam. I’m worried and don’t know what to do. ______23______ I didn’t get into the school basketball club. I love it and feel sad. A Don’t be sad any more. Failing to join the basketball club is not the end of your hobby. You can practice playing basketball with classmates after school, or join other sports clubs. Enjoying the fun of sports is the most important thing. B You can go over your mistakes carefully, ask your math teacher and classmates for help, and make a clear study plan. Keep working hard and you will make progress next time. C It can be hard to study and live far away from home. You can put photos of your family in your bedroom and try to make more friends at school. Soon school life will make you feel relaxed and happy. D If you often feel angry or sad, you can try to do deep breathing to relax when you’re upset, talk to your teachers or good friends about your feelings openly, and share your troubles in a safe place for you. 【答案】21. C 22. B 23. A 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了针对不同学生烦恼的四条建议。 【21题详解】 根据“I live at school and miss my family. I feel lonely and upset.”可知，Alice住校远离家人，感到孤独沮丧，C选项中“It can be hard to study and live far away from home. You can put photos of your family in your bedroom and try to make more friends at school. Soon school life will make you feel relaxed and happy.”匹配。 【22题详解】 根据“I failed a math exam. I’m worried and don’t know what to do.”可知，Peter数学考试不及格，为此担忧无措，B选项中“You can go over your mistakes carefully, ask your math teacher and classmates for help, and make a clear study plan. Keep working hard and you will make progress next time.”匹配。 【23题详解】 根据“I didn’t get into the school basketball club. I love it and feel sad.”可知，Tony没能加入喜爱的篮球俱乐部，因此感到难过，A选项中“Don’t be sad any more. Failing to join the basketball club is not the end of your hobby. You can practice playing basketball with classmates after school, or join other sports clubs. Enjoying the fun of sports is the most important thing.”匹配。 （二）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。 B Leo and I are best friends. We both love football. Leo is taller and stronger than me, but I run faster. When we were 15, we were happy to join the Springtown Stars—the best under-17 team in our area. There was another team called the Springtown Asteroids. They trained hard too, but they didn’t play important matches often. One day, the coach put up the Stars’ new season list. My finger was shaking as I looked for my name. I felt heartbroken because Leo’s name was there but mine wasn’t. I said to myself, “There must be a mistake!” Being on the Asteroids made me feel like a loser. After joining the Asteroids, I was very angry. I kicked the ball hard and ignored my teammates. Every time Leo waved at me, I turned away. I felt so sad. Things changed on a Saturday. The Stars played against Riverside United. I watched them from behind the stands. They worked well together. Leo did well in stopping passes. I remembered: while I was angry, Leo practiced free kicks every week. After the game, I waited for Leo. I said, “Your winning kick was cool!” We gave each other a high-five. He said, “Coach thinks you’re getting better. Keep practicing, and we’ll be teammates again.” That night, I made a practice plan. I knew being on the Asteroids was not a punishment. It was a chance to grow. I learned that anger doesn’t help. Success comes from hard work, not just wishes. 24. Why was the writer heartbroken? A. His name was not on the Stars’ new season list. B. There was a mistake in the new season list. C. The Asteroids trained harder than the Stars. D. He was shorter and weaker than Leo. 25. How did the writer feel after joining the Asteroids? A. Proud. B. Warm. C. Angry. D. Nervous. 26. What did the writer learn after watching the match? A. Winning needs more practice. B. Coaches often make mistakes. C. Everyone wants to be a star. D. Success needs hard work, not anger. 【答案】24. A 25. C 26. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者和好友Leo一起踢足球，作者因未入选心仪球队而失落，后来在好友的鼓励和比赛的启发下，明白成功源于努力而非情绪的道理。 【24题详解】 根据第二段中“I felt heartbroken because Leo’s name was there but mine wasn’t.”可知，作者心碎是因为自己的名字不在Stars队的新赛季名单上。 【25题详解】 根据第三段中“After joining the Asteroids, I was very angry.”可知，加入Asteroids队后，作者的感受是生气的。 【26题详解】 根据最后一段中“I learned that anger doesn’t help. Success comes from hard work, not just wishes.”可知，作者看完比赛后明白：生气无济于事，成功来自努力，而非空想。 C The way we spend our time can be divided into three “bottles”. These are the Necessary Tasks Bottle, the Voluntary Tasks Bottle and the Happiness Bottle. Every day, we spend time filling the Necessary Tasks Bottle with useful things, like making money, buying food and paying bills. We then fill another bottle with Voluntary Tasks. These are things we choose to do out of care or responsibility. This bottle gets filled with tasks like driving kids to school, preparing family meals, or washing clothes for family members. They might not always be fun, but they show what we value and that we’re willing to take on responsibilities. However, we often forget to fill the third bottle—the Happiness Bottle. This is the bottle that we fill with activities that make us happy. Is your Happiness Bottle sometimes empty at the end of the day? Between doing all the Necessary and Voluntary Tasks, time flies by, and before we know it, it is time for bed. We all have days like that. This is why each day we have to make an effort to fill our Happiness Bottle. Most days, I fill mine by going to a dance class. And I always leave classes more happily than when I enter. This week, I had the pleasure of taking part in a guitar practice in my neighborhood. We played music together for charity (慈善). It was a time of fun, friendship and music-making. At the end of the evening, my Happiness Bottle was filled to the top. The challenge for each of us is not to let the day go by without filling our Happiness Bottle. That takes some planning. Many of us probably need to set time for happiness activities in our schedules (日程表). Or, we will fill our schedules with those Necessary and Voluntary Tasks. This week, think about how your time is being spent. Are you doing enough activities that bring joy to your life? Or are the Necessary and Voluntary Tasks using up all your time? At the end of the day, hopefully, we’ve done all we can to make sure that our Happiness Bottle is filled. 27. Which activity belongs to (属于) a Necessary Task according to the passage? A. Having fun with your good friend B. Preparing a big dinner for your family. C. Going to work although it is raining heavily. D. Sending your son to a piano lesson on Sunday. 28. What can we learn from the passage? A. People often fill the Happiness Bottle at bedtime. B. People are happy to fill the Voluntary Tasks Bottle each day. C. It is necessary for people to plan happiness activities on the schedule. D. It is OK if we don’t fill the Necessary Tasks or Voluntary Tasks Bottle. 29. What is the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage? A. To describe what the Happiness Bottle is like. B. To introduce ways to fill the Happiness Bottle. C. To share the experience of filling the Happiness Bottle. D. To tell people to spend time filling the Happiness Bottle. 【答案】27. C 28. C 29. D 【解析】 【导语】本文将人们花费时间的方式分为“三个瓶子”——必要任务瓶、自愿任务瓶和幸福瓶，介绍了每个瓶子所包含的内容，强调人们不应忘记填充幸福瓶，要合理规划时间，多做能带来快乐的事。 【27题详解】 第二段指出必要任务瓶的内容：“Every day, we spend time filling the Necessary Tasks Bottle with useful things, like making money, buying food and paying bills.”，说明必要任务是有用且必须做的事。选项A“和好朋友玩乐”属于幸福瓶的内容；B“为家人准备丰盛的晚餐”、D“周日送儿子去上钢琴课”属于自愿任务瓶的内容；C“尽管下大雨还是去上班”是为了赚钱，属于必要任务，符合题意。 【28题详解】 第五段提到规划幸福活动的重要性：“Many of us probably need to set time for happiness activities in our schedules (日程表). Or, we will fill our schedules with those Necessary and Voluntary Tasks.”，说明人们有必要在日程表上规划幸福活动。选项A“人们经常在睡前填充幸福瓶”与原文“we often forget to fill the third bottle—the Happiness Bottle”不符；B“人们每天都乐于填充自愿任务瓶”与原文“They might not always be fun”不符；D“不填充必要任务瓶或自愿任务瓶也没关系”与原文常识及语境不符。 【29题详解】 全文围绕三个时间瓶子展开，重点强调人们常常忘记填充幸福瓶，第五段和第六段均在呼吁人们规划时间、填充幸福瓶，结合最后一句“At the end of the day, hopefully, we’ve done all we can to make sure that our Happiness Bottle is filled.”，可知作者写这篇文章的主要目的是告诉人们要花时间填充幸福瓶。选项A“描述幸福瓶是什么样子”、B“介绍填充幸福瓶的方法”、C“分享填充幸福瓶的经历”均是文章的部分内容，并非主要目的。 D Most of us probably have told a lie at one time or another. Some lies are harmful. Some are mostly harmless. Still other lies may even be created with kindness. But whatever kind of lie you tell, it takes surprising brainpower to pull it off. Lying can also have unwanted influences. When you tell the truth, you think of what you want to say and just say it. However, lying takes much more work—you have to come up with a story and remember it. A lot of that work is done in a brain area called the prefrontal cortex (前额叶皮层). It’s responsible for working memory and executive function (执行功能) tasks such as planning, problem-solving and self-control. Working memory keeps things in mind just for a little while as you’re using them. Executive function comes into play when you use self-control to keep from blurting out (脱口而出) the facts that would uncover your lie. It helps you recall all the details of a lie to make sure that it sounds believable. It also lets you think a step or two ahead to make sure the lie you’re telling will likely hold up to questioning. Calling on your executive function this way uses up a lot of brainpower. Vendemia, a neuroscientist (神经科学家) at the University of South Carolina, did research and has found that people’s mental workload (工作负担) will be heavier and their reaction time will be longer when they lie. Worse still, when the prefrontal cortex is busy with tasks related to lying, she notes, it has a harder time doing other tasks such as making a study plan or using self-control to keep from spending too much time on computer games. Lying has social influences too. Even the kindest lies can sometimes be risky and often backfire. When you give dishonest praise, you may make your friends feel good at first. But if you do it often enough, they’ll soon learn that they can’t trust your praise. People generally value honesty and don’t like liars (骗子), so if you are viewed as untrustworthy (不值得信任的), it can be bad for your relationships. It’s widely agreed that nearly all cultures value honesty, and now science is revealing (揭示) how dishonesty influences the brain and your ability to build the trust on which strong relationships depend. So, even when lying doesn’t stretch (拉伸) your nose, it still comes at a price that you can’t afford. 30. The second paragraph is mainly about ________. A. why self-control benefits the brain B. what social influences lying can bring C. how the brain works when people lie D. when executive function comes into play 31. What can we learn about lying from the passage? A. Lying improves working memory. B. Covering lies takes much brainpower. C. The nature of lies is decided by the brain. D. People’s reaction can be sped up by lying. 32. The underlined word “backfire” in Paragraph 4 probably means “________”. A. lead to serious accidents B. help to win full support C. build up strong relationships D. have the opposite effect 33. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A. Signs of Lying B. Costs of Lying C. Causes of Lies D. Types of Lies 【答案】30. C 31. B 32. D 33. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了说谎对大脑运作的额外负担，以及说谎对社交关系带来的负面影响，揭示了“说谎是需要付出代价的”这一核心观点。 【30题详解】 第二段通过对比说真话和说谎的过程，详细介绍了说谎时大脑前额叶皮层的运作机制：需要编造故事、记住细节，调用工作记忆和执行功能来维持谎言的可信度。因此整段内容都围绕“人们说谎时大脑的工作方式”展开。 【31题详解】 文章第一段提到“it takes surprising brainpower to pull it off”，第二段具体说明说谎需要前额叶皮层消耗大量精力编造和维持谎言，第三段也指出说谎会增加大脑的脑力负荷、延长反应时间。这些都说明掩盖谎言需要消耗大量脑力。 【32题详解】 根据第四段中“Even the kindest lies can sometimes be risky and often backfire. When you give dishonest praise, you may make your friends feel good at first. But if you do it often enough, they’ll soon learn that they can’t trust your praise.”可知，善意的谎言起初会让朋友开心，但长期来看会让对方失去信任，结果与初衷完全相反，因此“backfire”意为“产生反效果”。 【33题详解】 全文从两个维度阐述了说谎的代价：一是对大脑的消耗（增加工作负担、占用前额叶皮层资源），二是对社交关系的破坏（失去他人信任、损害人际关系），最后一段也总结“lying still comes at a price that you can’t afford”。因此“Costs of Lying（说谎的代价）”最能概括全文主旨。 四、阅读表达（34-36每小题2分；37题4分，共10分） 阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。 Xu Qiusheng, 81, has been a village doctor for over half a century. After he graduated from medical school, Xu started work in Yangfang village, Fengcheng City, in East China’s Jiangxi Province. Acupuncture (针灸) is the most commonly used way to treat pain in traditional Chinese medicine. Xu has used a set of silver needles for decades (数十年) to help villagers reduce discomfort from ailments (小病) such as joint pains, frozen shoulders, and headaches. Villagers feel calm and secure whenever he’s around. Regarded as “guardians (卫士) of health”, village doctors like Xu have played an important role in treating hundreds of millions of farmers in rural (农村的) areas. They always keep a busy schedule—offering outpatient (门诊) services during the day and dealing with emergency cases now and then in the evening, staying on call around the clock for patients. Xu also keeps in touch with high-risk people in the village regularly to follow their health conditions closely. The clinic (诊所) receives at most 30 patients a day, and doctors will deliver medicine to villagers’ doors. Xu says that treatment and medicine are usually free of charge (免费) for villagers facing difficulties, and he also allows his patients to pay their bills later. Besides, he never asks for the medical bills owed (拖欠) by villagers. Just before this year’s Spring Festival, Xu, together with his daughter, who returned to the village and followed in his footsteps to become a village doctor, went door to door visiting the elderly. The health of more than 1,400 villagers in Yangfang has become the responsibility for village doctors like Xu and his daughter. Xu is also glad to see his grandson begin his career as a doctor after graduation (毕业). “I see my patients as my family members, and I hope the next generations of doctors in rural areas can continue to be the guardians of villagers,” Xu says. 34. How long has Xu Qiusheng been a village doctor? ________________________________________________________ 35. Why does Xu keep in touch with high-risk people regularly in the village? ________________________________________________________ 36. What did Doctor Xu do just before this year’s Spring Festival? ________________________________________________________ 37. What do you think of Doctor Xu? Why do you think so? (Please give two reasons) ________________________________________________________ 【答案】34. For over half a century. 35. To follow their health conditions closely. 36. He went door to door visiting the elderly with his daughter. 37. I think he is kind and selfless. Reasons：① He offers free treatment and medicine to villagers in need and never asks for the owed medical bills. ② He has worked as a village doctor for over 50 years and cares about villagers’ health deeply. 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了村医徐秋生扎根乡村行医超过半个世纪，用针灸等方式为村民治病、关怀村民健康，以及他一家三代接力守护村民健康的故事。 【34题详解】 根据首段“Xu Qiusheng, 81, has been a village doctor for over half a century.”可知，徐秋生做村医已经超过半个世纪，答案是原文直接信息。 【35题详解】 根据第三段中“Xu also keeps in touch with high-risk people in the village regularly to follow their health conditions closely.”可知，他定期联系高危人群，是为了密切关注他们的健康状况，直接提取原文信息。 【36题详解】 根据第五段中“Just before this year’s Spring Festival, Xu, together with his daughter, who returned to the village and followed in his footsteps to become a village doctor, went door to door visiting the elderly.”可知，他在春节前和女儿一起挨家挨户探望村里的老人，适当整合原文具体信息即可。 【37题详解】 本题是开放性试题，答案不唯一，但观点需基于文中事实。合理作答即可。 五、书面表达（共10分） 38.从下面两个题目中任选一题，根据中文和英文提示，完成一篇不少于50词的文段写作。文中已给出内容不计入总词数，所给提示词语仅供选用。请不要写出你的校名和姓名。 题目① 38. 假如你是李华，你的英国笔友 Tom 发来邮件，想了解你未来想从事什么职业，你为什么喜欢这个职业，以及为了将来能从事你的理想职业，你需要做什么准备？根据中文和英文提示，完成一篇不少于50词的文段写作。文中已给出内容不计入总词数，所给提示词语仅供选用。请不要写出你的校名和姓名。 提示词语： be considered, deal with, challenge, benefit, training, necessary 提示问题：--What is your dream job? --Why do you like the job? --What will you do to get ready for the job? Dear Tom, I’m very glad to share my dream job with you. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】 Dear Tom, I’m very glad to share my dream job with you. My dream job is to be a doctor. I like it because doctors are considered as heroes who can help people in pain. Also, I enjoy dealing with challenges and bringing benefits to others. To get ready, I will study hard to learn necessary knowledge. I plan to take medical training in the future. I believe my dream can come true. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【详解】写作步骤 [第一步：审题立意] 确定文体：书信应用文，以一般现在时和一般将来时为主 明确要点：点明理想职业、说明喜欢的原因、介绍准备措施 确定人称：第一人称（I/My） 注意事项：词数≥50，不透露个人信息 [第二步：构思布局] 三段式结构： 开头段：固定句引出话题（已给出） 主体段：按“职业→原因→准备”的顺序写 结尾段：表达对梦想的期待 [第三步：要点展开] 要点一：理想职业及喜欢的原因 点明理想职业：my dream job is to be a doctor/want to work as a doctor/hope to become a doctor 职业的社会意义：be considered as heroes/be seen as lifesavers/be regarded as protectors 个人兴趣匹配：enjoy dealing with challenges/like facing difficulties/love solving problems 职业价值：bring benefits to others/help people in need/make a difference to others 要点二：为实现理想的准备措施 学习必要知识：study hard to learn necessary knowledge/work hard to master related skills/learn more professional knowledge 参加相关培训：take medical training in the future/join training courses later/get professional training later 题目② 39. 生活中，矛盾与分歧时常出现。与父母的观念差异、与老师同学的沟通误会，在团队合作中的摩擦，都可能成为成长路上的小考验。当矛盾发生时，你的选择与行动，终将化为前行的力量。学校英语社团公众号正在开展“化解矛盾，收获成长”为题的征文活动，请你用英文写一篇作文，描述一次你与他人发生矛盾的经历，你是怎么解决的，以及你的收获。根据中文和英文提示，完成一篇不少于50词的文段写作。文中已给出内容不计入总词数，所给提示词语仅供选用。请不要写出你的校名和姓名。 提示词语： conflict (矛盾), communicate, calm, apologize, understand, respect 提示问题：—Who did you have a conflict with? What was it about? —What did you do to solve the problem? —What have you learned from this experience? Conflicts are common in our lives. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 例文 Conflicts are common in our lives. Last term, I had a conflict with my friend Lily over our group project. I wanted a creative topic, but she preferred a traditional one. We argued, but then I calmed down and suggested we talk politely. We listened to each other and combined our ideas. The project was a success! From this, I learned that communication and respect are key to solving conflicts. Now, Lily and I are closer than ever. 【解析】 【详解】写作步骤 [第一步：审题立意] 确定文体：记叙文，以一般过去时为主，穿插一般现在时表达感悟。 明确要点：需包含矛盾对象、矛盾内容、解决方法、收获。 确定人称：第一人称（I/my）。 注意事项：不得出现真实校名、姓名；字数不少于50词（开头句不计入）。 [第二步：构思布局] 三段式结构： 开头段：承接题目给出的开头句“Conflicts are common in our lives.”，引出具体矛盾事件。 主体段：详细描述矛盾经过及解决过程。 结尾段：总结从矛盾中学到的道理。 [第三步：要点展开] 要点一：矛盾对象与内容 对象选择：friend/classmate/parent等 矛盾类型：group project disagreement/misunderstanding/different opinions等 细节描述：disagreed on.../argued about...等 要点二：解决方法 动作描写：calm down/communicate/apologize/listen to each other等 结果呈现：found a solution/became closer等 要点三：收获感悟 核心道理：respect and understanding/communication is important等 升华主题：conflicts can make relationships stronger等 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 陈经纶中学2025-2026第二学期初二英语期中练习 时间：90分钟 满分：60分 班级：________ 姓名：________ 学号：________ 一、单项填空（每题0.5分，共6分） 从下面各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1. Mr. Smith is our English teacher, and ________ often tells us how to learn English well. A. I B. you C. he D. she 2. We like flying kites ________ spring because the weather is usually pleasant. A. in B. at C. on D. to 3. My English teacher has helped me a lot ________ I want to say thanks to her. A. but B. so C. because D. or 4. —________ do you often do your homework? —After dinner. A. Where B. Why C. When D. How 5. —Ada, which subject do you like________, English or math? —English. A. well B. better C. best D. the best 6. —Peter, ________ you help me with my English? —Yes, I can. A. can B. need C. must D. may 7. —Hi, Linda! I can’t find my cat. —Look! It ________ the ball under the tree. A. played B. will play C. plays D. is playing 8. Daming ________ a member of the school space club for two years. A. was B. is C. has been D. will be 9. My grandmother ________ the flowers when I got home yesterday afternoon. A. waters B. is watering C. has watered D. was watering 10. Mobile payment ________ by more and more people in China today. A. uses B. is used C. used D. was used 11. This email ________ by our English teacher five days ago. A. write B. wrote C. is written D. was written 12. A new hospital ________ in my town next year A. builds B. built C. is built D. will be built 二、完形填空（每题1分，共8分） 阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。 Almost everyone has a dream job, and for Susan, it is being a whale trainer at her city’s aquarium (水族馆). Last year, Susan finally had a(n) ____13____ to get close to her dream, but it was more than just signing up. People who wanted this job had to take part in a competition. They needed to show how far they could go down into the seven-metre-deep pool that ____14____ the whales and how long they could stay there. The one who could reach the deepest and stay the longest underwater would get the job. Susan signed up to try out, and everything ____15____ smoothly (顺利地) at first. But then, as she went down to about five metres under the icy water, her legs stopped working. The cold water caused a huge pain in her legs. She was unable to swim back to the surface. She was in great ____16____ and couldn’t think. This only caused her to ____17____ farther into the pool. Just as Susan gave up hope, she ____18____ felt herself being pushed to the surface. It was Mila, a whale in the pool. She noticed Susan’s trouble, held her leg in her mouth and pushed Susan up to the surface. Susan was ____19____, thanks to Mila’s quick action. The aquarium spokesperson said Susan was really lucky, because Mila had realized Susan needed help before any of the working group did, which saved valuable time. “Whales are ____20____ animals—they live and play together. In the wild, they show great interest in humans and often swim close to boats and divers.” 13. A. chance B. job C. dream D. idea 14. A. covered B. bagged C. eyed D. housed 15. A. kept B. stayed C. continued D. went 16. A. excitement B. silence C. fear D. surprise 17. A. drop B. swim C. jump D. search 18. A. carefully B. suddenly C. hardly D. slowly 19. A. seen B. found C. caught D. saved 20. A. funny B. lonely C. social D. strong 三、阅读理解（每题2分，共26分） （一） A 阅读下列建议，请根据人物遇到的烦恼匹配最适合的建议，并将所对应的A、B、C、D选项填在相应位置上。选项中有一项为多余选项。 Here are four suggestions for students. Please find the right advice for each of the students. ______21______ I live at school and miss my family. I feel lonely and upset. ______22______ I failed a math exam. I’m worried and don’t know what to do. ______23______ I didn’t get into the school basketball club. I love it and feel sad. A Don’t be sad any more. Failing to join the basketball club is not the end of your hobby. You can practice playing basketball with classmates after school, or join other sports clubs. Enjoying the fun of sports is the most important thing. B You can go over your mistakes carefully, ask your math teacher and classmates for help, and make a clear study plan. Keep working hard and you will make progress next time. C It can be hard to study and live far away from home. You can put photos of your family in your bedroom and try to make more friends at school. Soon school life will make you feel relaxed and happy. D If you often feel angry or sad, you can try to do deep breathing to relax when you’re upset, talk to your teachers or good friends about your feelings openly, and share your troubles in a safe place for you. （二）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。 B Leo and I are best friends. We both love football. Leo is taller and stronger than me, but I run faster. When we were 15, we were happy to join the Springtown Stars—the best under-17 team in our area. There was another team called the Springtown Asteroids. They trained hard too, but they didn’t play important matches often. One day, the coach put up the Stars’ new season list. My finger was shaking as I looked for my name. I felt heartbroken because Leo’s name was there but mine wasn’t. I said to myself, “There must be a mistake!” Being on the Asteroids made me feel like a loser. After joining the Asteroids, I was very angry. I kicked the ball hard and ignored my teammates. Every time Leo waved at me, I turned away. I felt so sad. Things changed on a Saturday. The Stars played against Riverside United. I watched them from behind the stands. They worked well together. Leo did well in stopping passes. I remembered: while I was angry, Leo practiced free kicks every week. After the game, I waited for Leo. I said, “Your winning kick was cool!” We gave each other a high-five. He said, “Coach thinks you’re getting better. Keep practicing, and we’ll be teammates again.” That night, I made a practice plan. I knew being on the Asteroids was not a punishment. It was a chance to grow. I learned that anger doesn’t help. Success comes from hard work, not just wishes. 24. Why was the writer heartbroken? A. His name was not on the Stars’ new season list. B. There was a mistake in the new season list. C. The Asteroids trained harder than the Stars. D. He was shorter and weaker than Leo. 25. How did the writer feel after joining the Asteroids? A. Proud. B. Warm. C. Angry. D. Nervous. 26. What did the writer learn after watching the match? A. Winning needs more practice. B. Coaches often make mistakes. C. Everyone wants to be a star. D. Success needs hard work, not anger. C The way we spend our time can be divided into three “bottles”. These are the Necessary Tasks Bottle, the Voluntary Tasks Bottle and the Happiness Bottle. Every day, we spend time filling the Necessary Tasks Bottle with useful things, like making money, buying food and paying bills. We then fill another bottle with Voluntary Tasks. These are things we choose to do out of care or responsibility. This bottle gets filled with tasks like driving kids to school, preparing family meals, or washing clothes for family members. They might not always be fun, but they show what we value and that we’re willing to take on responsibilities. However, we often forget to fill the third bottle—the Happiness Bottle. This is the bottle that we fill with activities that make us happy. Is your Happiness Bottle sometimes empty at the end of the day? Between doing all the Necessary and Voluntary Tasks, time flies by, and before we know it, it is time for bed. We all have days like that. This is why each day we have to make an effort to fill our Happiness Bottle. Most days, I fill mine by going to a dance class. And I always leave classes more happily than when I enter. This week, I had the pleasure of taking part in a guitar practice in my neighborhood. We played music together for charity (慈善). It was a time of fun, friendship and music-making. At the end of the evening, my Happiness Bottle was filled to the top. The challenge for each of us is not to let the day go by without filling our Happiness Bottle. That takes some planning. Many of us probably need to set time for happiness activities in our schedules (日程表). Or, we will fill our schedules with those Necessary and Voluntary Tasks. This week, think about how your time is being spent. Are you doing enough activities that bring joy to your life? Or are the Necessary and Voluntary Tasks using up all your time? At the end of the day, hopefully, we’ve done all we can to make sure that our Happiness Bottle is filled. 27. Which activity belongs to (属于) a Necessary Task according to the passage? A. Having fun with your good friend B. Preparing a big dinner for your family. C. Going to work although it is raining heavily. D. Sending your son to a piano lesson on Sunday. 28. What can we learn from the passage? A. People often fill the Happiness Bottle at bedtime. B. People are happy to fill the Voluntary Tasks Bottle each day. C. It is necessary for people to plan happiness activities on the schedule. D. It is OK if we don’t fill the Necessary Tasks or Voluntary Tasks Bottle. 29. What is the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage? A. To describe what the Happiness Bottle is like. B. To introduce ways to fill the Happiness Bottle. C. To share the experience of filling the Happiness Bottle. D. To tell people to spend time filling the Happiness Bottle. D Most of us probably have told a lie at one time or another. Some lies are harmful. Some are mostly harmless. Still other lies may even be created with kindness. But whatever kind of lie you tell, it takes surprising brainpower to pull it off. Lying can also have unwanted influences. When you tell the truth, you think of what you want to say and just say it. However, lying takes much more work—you have to come up with a story and remember it. A lot of that work is done in a brain area called the prefrontal cortex (前额叶皮层). It’s responsible for working memory and executive function (执行功能) tasks such as planning, problem-solving and self-control. Working memory keeps things in mind just for a little while as you’re using them. Executive function comes into play when you use self-control to keep from blurting out (脱口而出) the facts that would uncover your lie. It helps you recall all the details of a lie to make sure that it sounds believable. It also lets you think a step or two ahead to make sure the lie you’re telling will likely hold up to questioning. Calling on your executive function this way uses up a lot of brainpower. Vendemia, a neuroscientist (神经科学家) at the University of South Carolina, did research and has found that people’s mental workload (工作负担) will be heavier and their reaction time will be longer when they lie. Worse still, when the prefrontal cortex is busy with tasks related to lying, she notes, it has a harder time doing other tasks such as making a study plan or using self-control to keep from spending too much time on computer games. Lying has social influences too. Even the kindest lies can sometimes be risky and often backfire. When you give dishonest praise, you may make your friends feel good at first. But if you do it often enough, they’ll soon learn that they can’t trust your praise. People generally value honesty and don’t like liars (骗子), so if you are viewed as untrustworthy (不值得信任的), it can be bad for your relationships. It’s widely agreed that nearly all cultures value honesty, and now science is revealing (揭示) how dishonesty influences the brain and your ability to build the trust on which strong relationships depend. So, even when lying doesn’t stretch (拉伸) your nose, it still comes at a price that you can’t afford. 30. The second paragraph is mainly about ________. A. why self-control benefits the brain B. what social influences lying can bring C. how the brain works when people lie D. when executive function comes into play 31. What can we learn about lying from the passage? A. Lying improves working memory. B. Covering lies takes much brainpower. C. The nature of lies is decided by the brain. D. People’s reaction can be sped up by lying. 32. The underlined word “backfire” in Paragraph 4 probably means “________”. A. lead to serious accidents B. help to win full support C. build up strong relationships D. have the opposite effect 33. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A. Signs of Lying B. Costs of Lying C. Causes of Lies D. Types of Lies 四、阅读表达（34-36每小题2分；37题4分，共10分） 阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。 Xu Qiusheng, 81, has been a village doctor for over half a century. After he graduated from medical school, Xu started work in Yangfang village, Fengcheng City, in East China’s Jiangxi Province. Acupuncture (针灸) is the most commonly used way to treat pain in traditional Chinese medicine. Xu has used a set of silver needles for decades (数十年) to help villagers reduce discomfort from ailments (小病) such as joint pains, frozen shoulders, and headaches. Villagers feel calm and secure whenever he’s around. Regarded as “guardians (卫士) of health”, village doctors like Xu have played an important role in treating hundreds of millions of farmers in rural (农村的) areas. They always keep a busy schedule—offering outpatient (门诊) services during the day and dealing with emergency cases now and then in the evening, staying on call around the clock for patients. Xu also keeps in touch with high-risk people in the village regularly to follow their health conditions closely. The clinic (诊所) receives at most 30 patients a day, and doctors will deliver medicine to villagers’ doors. Xu says that treatment and medicine are usually free of charge (免费) for villagers facing difficulties, and he also allows his patients to pay their bills later. Besides, he never asks for the medical bills owed (拖欠) by villagers. Just before this year’s Spring Festival, Xu, together with his daughter, who returned to the village and followed in his footsteps to become a village doctor, went door to door visiting the elderly. The health of more than 1,400 villagers in Yangfang has become the responsibility for village doctors like Xu and his daughter. Xu is also glad to see his grandson begin his career as a doctor after graduation (毕业). “I see my patients as my family members, and I hope the next generations of doctors in rural areas can continue to be the guardians of villagers,” Xu says. 34. How long has Xu Qiusheng been a village doctor? ________________________________________________________ 35. Why does Xu keep in touch with high-risk people regularly in the village? ________________________________________________________ 36. What did Doctor Xu do just before this year’s Spring Festival? ________________________________________________________ 37. What do you think of Doctor Xu? Why do you think so? (Please give two reasons) ________________________________________________________ 五、书面表达（共10分） 38.从下面两个题目中任选一题，根据中文和英文提示，完成一篇不少于50词的文段写作。文中已给出内容不计入总词数，所给提示词语仅供选用。请不要写出你的校名和姓名。 题目① 38. 假如你是李华，你的英国笔友 Tom 发来邮件，想了解你未来想从事什么职业，你为什么喜欢这个职业，以及为了将来能从事你的理想职业，你需要做什么准备？根据中文和英文提示，完成一篇不少于50词的文段写作。文中已给出内容不计入总词数，所给提示词语仅供选用。请不要写出你的校名和姓名。 提示词语： be considered, deal with, challenge, benefit, training, necessary 提示问题：--What is your dream job? --Why do you like the job? --What will you do to get ready for the job? Dear Tom, I’m very glad to share my dream job with you. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 题目② 39. 生活中，矛盾与分歧时常出现。与父母的观念差异、与老师同学的沟通误会，在团队合作中的摩擦，都可能成为成长路上的小考验。当矛盾发生时，你的选择与行动，终将化为前行的力量。学校英语社团公众号正在开展“化解矛盾，收获成长”为题的征文活动，请你用英文写一篇作文，描述一次你与他人发生矛盾的经历，你是怎么解决的，以及你的收获。根据中文和英文提示，完成一篇不少于50词的文段写作。文中已给出内容不计入总词数，所给提示词语仅供选用。请不要写出你的校名和姓名。 提示词语： conflict (矛盾), communicate, calm, apologize, understand, respect 提示问题：—Who did you have a conflict with? What was it about? —What did you do to solve the problem? —What have you learned from this experience? Conflicts are common in our lives. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $