专题十 构词法（学生练习卷）-2026年河北省（对口升学）《英语真题同源卷》（课件）

专题10 构词法 学生练习版 2026版河北省对口升学 《英语真题同源卷》 一、单项选择 从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 1．The man gave all his money to charity. A．kind-hearted B．kind-heart C．kind-heartedly D．kindness-hearted 【答案】A 【详解】考查复合形容词和构词法。句意：这个热心肠的人把所有钱给了慈善机构。分析句子可知，空处作定语修饰名词“man”，应使用形容词，A项由形容词kind+连字符+形容词hearted组成，意为“热心肠的”符合语境。故选A。 2．The ________ chair isn’t suitable for a young child. He may fall down. A．three-legging B．three-legged C．three-legs D．three-leged 【答案】B 【详解】考查复合形容词。句意：三条腿的椅子不适合小孩子坐，他可能会摔倒。chair是名词，前面应该用形容词修饰，四个选项中只有“three-legged”是正确的复合形容词，意为“三条腿的”。故选B。 3．The word “homeless” is created by adding the suffix “-less” to “home”. What does “-less” mean? A．Without B．Full of C．Capable of D．In a way 【答案】A 【详解】考查派生法。句意：“homeless”这个词是通过在“home”后添加后缀“-less”构成的。“-less”是什么意思？A. Without没有；B. Full of充满；C. Capable of能够；D. In a way在某种程度上。后缀-less通常表示“没有……的”，home加-less构成homeless意为“没有家的，即无家可归的”，因此-less对应without的含义。故选A。 4．It’s ________ from her home to the school. A．5-minute walk B．5-minutes walk C．5 minutes walk D．5-minute’s walk 【答案】A 【详解】考查复合形容词。句意：从她家到学校是步行5分钟的路程。“数词-名词单数”可构成复合形容词，修饰名词，5-minute是正确的复合形容词形式，用来修饰walk，或用名词所有格“5 minutes’”。故选A。 5．Imagination is of great _______ to every child, and it is the same with adults. A．value B．valuable C．valueless D．more valuable 【答案】A 【详解】考查名词构词法。句意：想象力对每个孩子都很重要，对成年人也是如此。A. value价值，名词；B. valuable有价值的，形容词；C. valueless无价值的，形容词；D. more valuable更有价值的，形容词比较级。“be of +抽象名词”相当于“be +形容词”，故此处应用名词。故选A。 二、短文填空：阅读下列短文，用括号里单词的适当形式填空 This news story is about a helpful driver. At 9:00 a. m. yesterday, bus No.26 was 6 (go) along Zhonghua Road when the driver saw 7 old man lying on the side of the road. Two 8 (woman) next to him were shouting for help. The bus driver, 24-year-old Wang Ping, stopped the bus without 9 (think) twice. He got off and asked the woman what happened. She said that the man had a heart problem and should go to the hospital. Mr. Wang knew he 10 (have)to act quickly. He told the passengers that he must take the man to the hospital. He expected all of the passengers 11 (get) off and wait for the next bus. But to 12 (he)surprise, they all agreed to go with him. Some passengers helped Mr. Wang to move the man onto the bus. Thanks 13 Mr. Wang and the passengers, the man was saved by the doctors in time. “It’s sad that many people don’t want to help others 14 they don’t want any trouble,” says one passenger. “But the driver didn’t think about 15 (he). He only thought about saving a life.” 【答案】 6．going 7．an 8．women 9．thinking 10．had 11．to get 12．his 13．to 14．because 15．himself 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一个司机和乘客一起帮助救助一个病倒在路边的老人的故事。 【解析】6．考查过去进行时。句意：在昨天上午九点钟，26路公交车正行驶在中华路上，这时司机看见一位老人躺在路边。根据“when the driver saw... old man lying on the side of the road (当司机看到……一位老人躺在路边)”可知，此处表示过去正在进行的动作，时态为过去进行时，此处用现在分词形式。故填going。 7．考查不定冠词。句意：在昨天上午九点钟，26路公交车正行驶在中华路上，这时司机看见一位老人躺在路边。根据语境可知，此表示泛指的含义，空后的“old”是以元音音素开头的单词，用an。故填an。 8．考查名词的复数。句意：他旁边的两个女人正在大声呼救。根据空前的“Two (两个)”可知，此处用复数形式。故填women。 9．考查动名词。句意：公共汽车司机，24岁的王平，不假思索地停下了公共汽车。根据空前的介词“without”可知，此处用动名词形式，作宾语。故填thinking。 10．考查一般过去时。句意：王先生知道他必须迅速行动。此处指过去发生的事情，时态为一般过去时。故填had。 41．考查动词不定式。句意：他期望所有的乘客都下车等下一辆公共汽车。expect sb. to do sth.意为“期望某人做某事”，固定词组。故填to get。 12．考查代词。句意：但是令他惊讶的是，他们都同意和他一起去。to one’s surprise“令某人惊讶的是”，固定词组。故填his。 13．考查介词。句意：多亏了王先生和乘客们，医生及时挽救了那个人的生命。根据全文可知，在王先生和乘客们的帮助下，医生及时挽救了那个人的生命，thanks to“多亏了，由于”，固定词组。故填to。 14．考查连词。句意：“悲哀的是许多人不想帮助他人，因为他们不想惹麻烦，”一个乘客说。根据空前“many people don’t want to help others (许多人不想帮助别人)”及空后“they don’t want any trouble (他们不想惹麻烦)”的语境可知，此处为因果关系，前果后因。故填because。 15．考查反身代词。句意：但司机没有考虑他自己。根据下文“He only thought about saving a life. (他只想着救人一命。)”可知，此处指司机没有考虑他自己，himself“他自己”符合。故填himself。 三、补全对话 根据对话内容，从对话后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项 M: How time flies! 16 W: That’s right. By the way, what are you going to do after leaving school? M: 17 It’s hard to know what will happen in the future. W: I’m different. I expect to have a new start. M: What do you mean? Do you hate the life here? W: Of course not. 18 M: Sounds great. Tell me more about your plan, please. W: 19 Then I may find an ideal job. M: However, your dream seems to have nothing special. W: Yes, it does. 20 So they hope I can achieve their dream. M: Oh, I get it now. You must have more duties. A．I mean I will have a better future. B．Do you know my parents never went to college? C．I wish I could go to a famous college. D．I’m not sure. E．Nearly three years has passed since we came here. 【答案】16．E 17．D 18．A 19．C 20．B 【导语】本文是一则关于毕业后规划及背后家庭期望的对话。 【解析】16．根据上文“How time flies! (时间过得真快啊！)”可知，此处应是时间过得快的具体体现，选项E“我们来这儿都快三年了。”符合语境。故选E。 17．根据下文“It’s hard to know what will happen in the future. (很难知道未来会发生什么。)”可知，此处应是表示不确定毕业后做什么，选项D“我不确定。”符合语境。故选D。 18．根据上文“What do you mean? (你这话什么意思？)”可知，此处应是解释所说的新开始的含义，选项A“我的意思是我会有一个更好的未来。”符合语境。故选A。 19．根据上文“Tell me more about your plan, please. (请多跟我讲讲你的计划吧。)”可知，此处应是描述自己的计划，选项C“我希望我能上一所著名的大学。”符合语境。故选C。 20．根据下文“So they hope I can achieve their dream. (所以他们希望我能实现他们的梦想。)”可知，此处引出下文谈及的“他们”，选项B“你知道我父母从来没上过大学吗？”符合语境。故选B。 Thank you for listening $