2026年中考英语常见词组分类速记&动词不规则变化表123个

该初中英语中考复习讲义聚焦中考核心词组与123个动词不规则变化，按动词/介词核心分类及拼写规律分组构建知识体系，通过考点梳理、速记方法指导和重点词条强化，帮助学生系统突破高频考点，提升复习针对性。 亮点在于“分类速记+规律分组”创新策略，如动词词组按核心词归类记忆，动词变化用A-B-B型“~end→~ent”等规律分组，配合“盖住中文说英文”“分组默写”等活动，培养学生语言能力和学习能力。重点词条加粗标注作文应用，每日攻克一组的复习节奏设计，确保高效提升应考能力，助力教师精准把控复习进度。

精编中考英语常见词组分类速记&精编中考动词不规则变化表123个 第一部分：精编中考英语常见词组分类速记 这部分词组按介词/核心词分类，记忆效率更高。 一、 以动词为核心的词组 (Verbs Core) 1. Break break down: （机器）出故障；（身体）垮掉 break into: 闯入，破门而入 break off: 突然停止，中断 break out: （战争、火灾等）爆发 break up: 分解；散会；分手 2. Call call for: 要求；去接（某人） call in: 召来，叫来 call off: 取消 call on/upon: 拜访（某人） call up: 打电话；使想起 3. Come come across: 偶然遇见/发现 come back: 回来；再度流行 come from: 来自 come on: 加油；进展 come out: 出版；（花）开放 come true: 实现 come up with: 想出（主意、计划等） 4. Get get along (with): 与...和睦相处；进展 get away: 逃离 get back: 返回；取回 get down: 下来；写下 get off: 下车 get on: 上车 get over: 克服（困难） get together: 聚会 get up: 起床 5. Give give away: 捐赠；泄露（秘密） give back: 归还 give in: 屈服，让步 give off: 发出（光、热、气味等） give out: 分发；耗尽 give up: 放弃 6. Go go ahead: 前进；干吧 go for: 喜欢；选择 go on: 发生；继续 go over: 仔细检查；复习 go through: 经历（困难）；翻阅 go with: 与...相配 7. Keep keep (on) doing: 继续做某事 keep ... from: 阻止...做某事 keep in touch (with): 与...保持联系 keep off: 不接近，让开 keep up with: 跟上，不落后 8. Look look after: 照顾 look at: 看 look down on/upon: 看不起，轻视 look for: 寻找 look forward to: 盼望（to为介词） look into: 调查 look out: 当心 look over: 检查 look through: 浏览 look up: 查阅（字典等） 9. Make be made in: 在哪里制造 be made of: 由...制成（看得出原材料） be made from: 由...制成（看不出原材料） make a decision: 做决定 make a mistake: 犯错误 make friends with: 与...交朋友 make up: 编造；化妆；构成 10. Put put away: 把...收起来 put down: 放下；写下；镇压 put forward: 提出（建议） put off: 推迟 put on: 穿上；上演（戏剧）；增加体重 put out: 扑灭（火） put up: 举起；张贴；搭建 11. Set set off: 出发，动身；引燃 set out: 出发；开始做 set up: 建立，创立 12. Take take away: 拿走 take care of: 照顾；注意 take down: 写下，记录 take off: 脱下；起飞 take part in: 参加 take place: 发生 take up: 开始从事；占据（时间、空间） 13. Turn turn down: 调低（音量等）；拒绝 turn into: 使变成 turn off: 关掉（水、电等） turn on: 打开 turn out: 结果是；生产 turn over: 翻转；移交 turn to: 求助于；翻到（书页） turn up: 调高（音量）；出现 二、 以介词/副词为核心的词组 (Prepositions/Adverbs Core) 1. About talk about: 谈论 think about: 考虑 worry about: 为...担心 2. After look after: 照顾 run after: 追赶 3. At arrive at: 到达（小地点） laugh at: 嘲笑 look at: 看 point at: 指着 4. Away give away: 捐赠 put away: 收起来 run away: 逃跑 5. Down calm down: 冷静下来 cut down: 砍倒；削减 lie down: 躺下 write down: 写下，记下 6. For ask for: 请求，要求 care for: 喜欢；照顾 pay ... for: 为...付钱 search for: 搜寻 7. From come from: 来自 hear from: 收到...的来信 keep ... from: 阻止 protect ... from: 保护...免受 8. In arrive in: 到达（大地点） believe in: 信任 hand in: 上交 take part in: 参加 9. Into break into: 闯入 change ... into: 把...变成 divide ... into: 把...分成 translate ... into: 把...翻译成 10. Of be fond of: 喜欢 be proud of: 为...自豪 die of: 死于（内因） hear of: 听说 remind ... of: 使...想起 11. Off fall off: 从...跌落 get off: 下车 put off: 推迟 see off: 为...送行 take off: 脱下；起飞 12. On base on: 基于 depend on: 依赖 go on: 继续 hold on: 别挂电话；坚持 insist on: 坚持 try on: 试穿 13. Out find out: 找出，查明 give out: 分发；耗尽 point out: 指出 work out: 计算出；解决；锻炼 14. Over get over: 克服 go over: 复习，检查 hand over: 移交 15. To belong to: 属于 happen to: 碰巧；发生于 listen to: 听 prefer ... to: 比起...更喜欢 refer to: 涉及；参考 16. Up dress up: 乔装打扮 end up: 以...结束 give up: 放弃 grow up: 成长 hurry up: 快点 pick up: 捡起；接载；偶然学会 stay up: 熬夜 17. With agree with: 同意（某人） compare ... with: 把...和...作比较 connect ... with: 把...和...连接起来 deal with: 处理，应付 share ... with: 与...分享 三、 形容词 & 其他重点词组 (Adjectives & Key Phrases) 1. Be + 形容词 + 介词 be afraid of: 害怕 be angry with: 生...的气 be different from: 与...不同 be famous for: 因...而著名 be good at: 擅长 be good for: 对...有益 be interested in: 对...感兴趣 be late for: 迟到 be mad at: 对...生气 be pleased with: 对...满意 be popular with: 受...欢迎 be strict with: 对...要求严格 be surprised at: 对...感到惊讶 be used to: 习惯于（to为介词） 2. 常用不可拆分短语 a bit (of): 有一点 a couple of: 两个，几个 a number of: 许多，大量（作主语，谓语用复数） all over the world: 全世界 as ... as possible: 尽可能... as soon as: 一...就... at first: 起初 at last: 最后 at least: 至少 by the way: 顺便说一下 each other: 互相 either ... or: 要么...要么... for example: 例如 in fact: 事实上 in front of: 在...前面（外部） in order to: 为了 in trouble: 处于困境中 neither ... nor: 既不...也不... not only ... but also: 不仅...而且 of course: 当然 on time: 准时 over and over again: 反复，再三 so far: 到目前为止 such as: 例如 the number of: ...的数量（作主语，谓语用单数） thousands of: 成千上万的 3. 实用速记口诀 “两对冤家看仔细，有无连接差千里” because of (介词+名词) vs. because (连词+句子) instead of (介词+名词) vs. instead (副词，单独使用) “老外时间顺序怪，前前后后别乱带” in front of (前) / in the front of (内部前部) at the end of (末尾) / by the end of (到...为止) after all (毕竟) / in all (总共) 第二部分：精编中考动词不规则变化表（123个） 按拼写变化规律科学分组，助你快速攻克难点。 1、 A-A-A型 (原形、过去式、过去分词同形) 1. cost - cost - cost 花费 2. cut - cut - cut 切，割 3. hit - hit - hit 打，击 4. hurt - hurt - hurt 受伤；疼痛 5. let - let - let 让 6. put - put - put 放 7. read - read - read 读（拼写同，发音不同） 8. set - set - set 设置 9. shut - shut - shut 关闭 10. spread - spread - spread 传播 二、 A-B-B型 (过去式与过去分词同形) 1. ~end → ~ent 11. lend - lent - lent 借出 12. send - sent - sent 发送 13. spend - spent - spent 花费（时间/金钱） 2. ~ell → ~old 14. sell - sold - sold 卖 15. tell - told - told 告诉 3. ~eel / ~eep → ~elt / ~ept 16. feel - felt - felt 感觉 17. keep - kept - kept 保持 18. sleep - slept - slept 睡觉 19. sweep - swept - swept 打扫 20. weep - wept - wept 哭泣 4. ~nd → ~nt 21. lend - lent - lent 借出 （同第11条，重复强调） 22. bend - bent - bent 弯曲 5. ~ay → ~aid 23. pay - paid - paid 付款 24. say - said - said 说 25. lay - laid - laid 下蛋；放置 6. 需牢记的“双写+短音” 26. bleed - bled - bled 流血 27. feed - fed - fed 喂养 28. meet - met - met 遇见 29. lead - led - led 领导 30. shoot - shot - shot 射击 31. sit - sat - sat 坐 32. dig - dug - dug 挖 33. stick - stuck - stuck 粘贴；卡住 34. hang - hung - hung 悬挂（绞死是规则：hanged） 35. light - lit/lighted - lit/lighted 点燃 7. ~n / ~t 结尾 36. burn - burnt/burned - burnt/burned 燃烧 37. learn - learnt/learned - learnt/learned 学习 38. mean - meant - meant 意味着 39. dream - dreamt/dreamed - dreamt/dreamed 做梦 40. smell - smelt/smelled - smelt/smelled 闻 41. spell - spelt/spelled - spelt/spelled 拼写 42. lose - lost - lost 丢失 43. leave - left - left 离开 44. build - built - built 建造 45. hear - heard - heard 听见 46. make - made - made 制造 47. have - had - had 有 8. ~ought / ~aught 结尾 48. bring - brought - brought 带来 49. buy - bought - bought 买 50. fight - fought - fought 战斗 51. think - thought - thought 思考 52. catch - caught - caught 抓住 53. teach - taught - taught 教 9. 其他高频A-B-B 54. find - found - found 发现 55. get - got - got/gotten 得到 56. hold - held - held 握住；举行 57. shine - shone/shined - shone/shined 照耀 58. stand - stood - stood 站立 59. understand - understood - understood 理解 60. win - won - won 赢 61. deal - dealt - dealt 处理 三、 A-B-C型 (三形各异) 1. ~i- → ~a- → ~u- 62. begin - began - begun 开始 63. drink - drank - drunk 喝 64. ring - rang - rung 响铃 65. sing - sang - sung 唱歌 66. sink - sank - sunk 下沉 67. swim - swam - swum 游泳 2. ~ow → ~ew → ~own 68. blow - blew - blown 吹 69. grow - grew - grown 生长 70. know - knew - known 知道 71. throw - threw - thrown 扔 72. fly - flew - flown 飞 3. ~ear → ~ore → ~orn 73. bear - bore - born/borne 忍受；出生 74. wear - wore - worn 穿戴 75. tear - tore - torn 撕破 4. ~i- → ~o- → ~i- 重读闭音节 76. drive - drove - driven 驾驶 77. ride - rode - ridden 骑 78. rise - rose - risen 上升 79. write - wrote - written 写 5. ~eak / ~eak / ~eal 80. break - broke - broken 打破 81. speak - spoke - spoken 说 82. steal - stole - stolen 偷 83. choose - chose - chosen 选择 84. freeze - froze - frozen 冻结 85. wake - woke - woken 醒来 6. 过式分~en / ~n 86. eat - ate - eaten 吃 87. fall - fell - fallen 落下 88. give - gave - given 给 89. hide - hid - hidden 隐藏 90. see - saw - seen 看见 91. take - took - taken 拿走 92. mistake - mistook - mistaken 误解 93. be - was/were - been 是 94. beat - beat - beaten 打败 95. bite - bit - bitten 咬 96. forget - forgot - forgotten 忘记 7. 特殊变化组 97. do - did - done 做 98. go - went - gone 去 99. lie - lay - lain 躺 100. lie - lied - lied 说谎（规则） 101. show - showed - shown/showed 展示 102. draw - drew - drawn 画 103. shake - shook - shaken 摇动 四、 A-A-B 型 与 A-B-A 型 1. A-A-B (过去分词不同) 104. beat - beat - beaten 打败 2. A-B-A (过去分词与现在时同) 105. become - became - become 成为 106. come - came - come 来 107. run - ran - run 跑 108. overcome - overcame - overcome 克服 五、 其他极高频但易混淆补充 109. bring (带来) - brought - brought 110. buy (买) - bought - bought 111. think (想) - thought - thought 112. catch (抓) - caught - caught 情态动词相关 (无人称变化，无分词，属于过去式) 113. can - could 能 114. will - would 将 115. shall - should 应该 116. may - might 可能 高频规则动词陷阱 (速查) 117.stop - stopped - stopped (双写p) 118.prefer - preferred - preferred (双写r) 119.travel - travelled/traveled (英双写/美不双写) 120.carry - carried - carried (y变i+ed) 121.die - died - died (变现在分词为dying) 122.lie - lay - lain (躺 / 变现在分词为lying) 123.lay - laid - laid (放置 / 下蛋 / 规则变现在分词laying) 使用建议： 1.词组部分：盖住中文，看英文说中文，反复三遍。重点背加粗词条，确保作文能用上。 2.动词表部分：按照分组，每天攻克一组（如A-B-B组），遮住过去式和分词，自己默写。重点掌握“A-B-C型”中的高频词。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $