Unit 5 Good manners Grammar语法精讲精练- 2025-2026学年译林版八年级下册英语

译林版（2024）八年级下册Unit 5 Good manners 语法精讲精练 核心语法总结+专项练习题 enough 和 enough to 的用法 ◆ enough 可以用在复数名词或不可数名词前，表示“足够的，充足的”。如： There is enough room for you. 有足够的地方给你。 ◆ 我们可以用“be + adjective + enough + to do”的结构来描述一个人的品质和能力。如： Confucius is wise enough to be one of the greatest ancient Chinese thinkers. 孔子十分睿智，是中国古代最伟大的思想家之一。 The girl is not brave enough to go near the dog. 这个女孩胆子不够大，不敢靠近那只狗。 too 和 too ... to 的用法 ◆ too 可用在形容词和副词前，表示“太，过于，过度”。如： This bag is too heavy for me. 这个包对我而言太沉了。 ◆ 我们可以用“be + too + adjective + to do”的结构来表达因某个原因而没有完成某个动作或达到某种状态。如： He is too tired to go swimming. 他太累了，没法去游泳了。 The water is too hot to drink. 水太烫了，还不能喝。 ◆ 我们可以在动词不定式前加介词 for 引出逻辑主语。如： The box is very heavy. The little boy cannot carry it. 盒子太重了，这个小男孩搬不动。 = The box is too heavy for the little boy to carry. The apple is very high. The child cannot reach it. 苹果太高了，这个孩子够不着。 = The apple is too high for the child to reach. 注意：too ... to 结构和 never 一起使用时表示肯定。如： One is never too old to learn. 活到老，学到老。 ◆ “be + too + adjective + to do”相当于“be + not + adjective + enough + to do”，通常在第二种结构中使用的形容词是第一种结构中使用的形容词的反义词。如： The little girl is too young to go to school. 这个小女孩年纪太小，还不能上学。 = The little girl is not old enough to go to school. 译林版八年级下册Unit 5 语法专项练习题 一、单项选择。 ( ) 1. The movie is ______ boring ______ I don’t want to watch it again. A. too; to B. enough; to C. so; that D. such; that ( ) 2. The boy is ______ brave ______ face the big dog alone. A. too; to B. not enough; to C. enough; to D. so; to ( ) 3. The room is ______ small for us ______ live in. A. too; to B. enough; to C. so; that D. such; that ( ) 4. She is ______ old ______ take care of herself. She is still a child. A. too; to B. not enough; to C. enough; to D. so; to ( ) 5. The problem is ______ difficult ______ solve in such a short time. A. too; to B. enough; to C. so; that D. such; that ( ) 6. The girl is ______ shy ______ speak in front of the class. A. too; to B. not enough; to C. enough; to D. so; to ( ) 7. The water is ______ cold ______ swim in. A. too; to B. enough; to C. so; that D. such; that ( ) 8. He is ______ lazy ______ finish his homework on time. A. too; to B. not enough; to C. enough; to D. so; to ( ) 9. The cake is ______ sweet ______ eat too much. A. too; to B. enough; to C. so; that D. such; that ( ) 10. The student is ______ careful ______ make such a mistake. A. too; to B. not enough; to C. enough; to D. so; to 二、用所给词的适当形式填空。 1. The girl is old enough ______ (go) to school by herself. 2. The box is too heavy for the child ______ (carry). 3. The water is too hot ______ (drink). Please wait a minute. 4. He is not brave enough ______ (tell) the truth to his teacher. 5. The boy is too young ______ (understand) the problem. 6. The room is big enough ______ (hold) all the students. 7. The book is too difficult ______ (read) for the little kid. 8. She is kind enough ______ (help) others when they are in trouble. 9. The food is too cold ______ (eat). Let’s heat it up. 10. The student is careful enough ______ (do) the math problem correctly. 三、句型转换（同义句转换） 1. The girl is too young to go to school.（改为同义句） The girl is ______ ______ ______ to go to school. 2. The boy is not old enough to join the army.（改为同义句） The boy is ______ ______ ______ join the army. 3. The box is too heavy for me to carry.（改为同义句） The box is ______ ______ ______ for me to carry. 4. The water is too cold to drink.（改为同义句） The water is ______ ______ ______ to drink. 5. The problem is too difficult for him to solve.（改为同义句） The problem is ______ ______ ______ for him to solve. 6. The girl is brave enough to face the danger.（改为否定句） The girl is ______ ______ ______ face the danger. 7. The boy is strong enough to lift the heavy stone.（改为同义句） The boy is ______ ______ ______ lift the heavy stone.（用too...to改写） 8. The room is not bright enough to read in.（改为同义句） The room is ______ ______ ______ read in. 9. The child is too short to reach the shelf.（改为同义句） The child is ______ ______ ______ reach the shelf. 10. The student is not careful enough to pass the exam.（改为同义句） The student is ______ ______ ______ pass the exam. 四、根据提示完成句子。 1. 他太小了，还不能独自过马路。 He is ______ ______ ______ cross the road alone. 2. 她足够细心，能发现这个错误。 She is ______ ______ ______ find the mistake. 3. 这道题太难了，我做不出来。 The problem is ______ ______ ______ work out by myself. 4. 他不够高，够不到书架上的书。 He is ______ ______ ______ reach the book on the shelf. 5. 这水太烫了，没法喝。 The water is ______ ______ ______ drink. 6. 她足够勇敢，能在公众场合演讲。 She is ______ ______ ______ speak in public. 7. 他太累了，走不动了。 He is ______ ______ ______ walk any further. 8. 这衣服不够大，不适合我穿。 The clothes are ______ ______ ______ fit me. 9. 这个男孩足够聪明，能算出这道题。 The boy is ______ ______ ______ work out the problem. 10. 他太粗心了，考试没通过。 He was ______ ______ ______ pass the exam. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 译林版八下 Unit 5 语法专项练习 答案 + 逐题解析 一、单项选择 1. C 解析：so…that… 如此……以至于……，后接句子；too…to… 后接动词原形。 2. C 解析：adj. + enough to do 足够……做某事，符合句意“足够勇敢独自面对大狗”。 3. A 解析：too…to… 太……而不能……，句意为“房间太小不能住”。 4. B 解析：not + adj. + enough to do 不够……做某事，句意为“不够大不能照顾自己”。 5. A 解析：too…to… 太……而不能……，句意为“太难不能短时间解出”。 6. A 解析：too…to… 太……而不能……，句意为“太害羞不敢在班级前讲话”。 7. A 解析：too…to… 太……而不能……，句意为“水太冷不能游泳”。 8. A 解析：too…to… 太……而不能……，句意为“太懒不能按时完成作业”。 9. A 解析：too…to… 太……而不能……，句意为“太甜不能吃太多”。 10. A 解析：too…to… 太……而不会……，句意为“太细心不会犯这种错”。 二、用所给词的适当形式填空 1. to go 解析：adj. + enough to do 足够……做某事。 2. to carry 解析：too…for sb. to do 对某人来说太……而不能做。 3. to drink 解析：too…to do 太……而不能做。 4. to tell 解析：not + adj. + enough to do 不够……做某事。 5. to understand 解析：too…to do 太……而不能做。 6. to hold 解析：adj. + enough to do 足够……做某事。 7. to read 解析：too…to do 太……而不能做。 8. to help 解析：adj. + enough to do 足够……做某事。 9. to eat 解析：too…to do 太……而不能做。 10. to do 解析：adj. + enough to do 足够……做某事。 三、句型转换（同义句转换） 1. not old enough 解析：too young to = not old enough to 太小而不能 = 不够大不能。 2. too young to 解析：not old enough to = too young to 不够大不能 = 太小而不能。 3. not light enough 解析：too heavy to = not light enough to 太重而不能 = 不够轻不能。 4. not warm enough 解析：too cold to = not warm enough to 太冷而不能 = 不够暖不能。 5. not easy enough 解析：too difficult to = not easy enough to 太难而不能 = 不够简单不能。 6. not brave enough to 解析：enough 句型否定直接在 be 后加 not。 7. not weak enough to 解析：strong enough to = not weak enough to 足够强壮能 = 不够弱不能。 8. too dark to 解析：not bright enough to = too dark to 不够亮不能 = 太暗而不能。 9. not tall enough to 解析：too short to = not tall enough to 太矮而不能 = 不够高不能。 10. too careless to 解析：not careful enough to = too careless to 不够细心不能 = 太粗心而不能。 四、根据提示完成句子 1. too young to 解析：too…to… 太……而不能。 2. careful enough to 解析：adj. + enough to do 足够……做某事。 3. too difficult to 解析：too…to… 太……而不能。 4. not tall enough to 解析：not + adj. + enough to do 不够……做某事。 5. too hot to 解析：too…to… 太……而不能。 6. brave enough to 解析：adj. + enough to do 足够……做某事。 7. too tired to 解析：too…to… 太……而不能。 8. not big enough to 解析：not + adj. + enough to do 不够……做某事。 9. clever enough to 解析：adj. + enough to do 足够……做某事。 10. too careless to 解析：too…to… 太……而不能。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $