内容正文:
英语
小升初专题课件
English
There be 句型专项
概 括
本节课,我们将一起探索...
认识新朋友
What is “There be”?
核心定义与基本结构
掌握规则
主谓一致的奥秘
is 和 are 的正确用法
学会交流
开启互动模式
疑问句与否定句构成
明辨是非 · 用法辨析
深度对比:There be 句型与 have/has 的本质区别及应用场景。
实战演练 · 巩固提升
通过趣味填空与情景对话,将所学语法知识灵活运用到实际交流中。
梳 理
知识点一:There be句型是什么?
💡 核心概念
用来表示“某地存在某物”或“某处有某人”。
重点强调存在的关系,而不是物品的所属关系。
✨ 通俗理解
想象你推开房门,看到房间里有一张桌子。
这时说的“There is a table...”,这里的“有”就是指事物客观存在在那里。
🔑 核心口诀
存在有
不表所属,只表存在
地点状语,常置句末
知识点二:句型结构大揭秘!
There
引导词 (存在)
be 动词
is / are (看主语)
主语 (S)
人 / 物 (核心)
地点状语
介词短语 (在哪里)
There is a cat under the tree.
主语:a cat (一只猫) → 单数,用 is
地点:under the tree (在树下)
There are some books on the desk.
主语:some books (一些书) → 复数,用 are
地点:on the desk (在书桌上)
知识点三:be动词的选择 (一) - is
💡核心规则:当主语是单数可数名词或不可数名词时,be 动词就用is。
a + 单数可数名词 (Book)
There is a book on the desk.
译:书桌上有一本书。
an + 单数可数名词 (Apple)
There is an apple in the bag.
译:包里有一个苹果。
some + 不可数名词 (Water)
There is some water in the glass.
译:玻璃杯里有一些水。
some + 不可数名词 (Bread)
There is some bread on the plate.
译:盘子里有一些面包。
知识点三:be动词的选择 (二) - are
📝 规则2:当主语是 复数可数名词 时,be动词用 are
数词 + 复数可数名词
There are five pens in my pencil-case.
我的铅笔盒里有五支笔。
some + 复数可数名词
There are some children in the park.
公园里有一些孩子在玩耍。
many + 复数可数名词
There are many trees near the house.
房子附近有许多高大的树木。
知识点四:特殊情况 - 就近原则
📖 核心规则定义
当主语是由and连接的两个或多个名词时,be动词的形式不由主语总和决定,而是由离它最近的那个名词的单复数属性来决定。
只看"最近距离"的主语
✍️ 两个经典例句
There is a pen and two books...
👉 最近主语 "a pen" (单数) → 用 is
There are two books and a pen...
👉 最近主语 "two books" (复数) → 用 are
💡 记忆金口诀
谁离我近
我就听谁的!
💬 课堂Tip:遇到 and 连接多个主语时,把视线聚焦在离 be 动词最近的那个名词上!
知识点五:如何说“没有”?- 否定句
核心规则
在 be 动词 (is / are) 后面直接加上not构成否定。
注意细节:肯定句中的some在否定句中要变成any。
句型结构
There is / are
+ not + any
+ 名词 (+ 地点)...
💡 缩写形式:
is not → isn't
are not → aren't
看个例子
肯定:There is a book on the desk.
否定:
There isn't a book on the desk.
肯定:There are some apples in the basket.
否定:There aren't any apples in the basket.
知识点六:如何提问“有...吗?” - 一般疑问句
核心语法规则
把 be 动词 (is / are) 提到句首,句末加上问号。这是将陈述句变为一般疑问句最基础的方法。
标准句型结构
Is / Are + there + any + 名词 (+地点)?
💡 特别注意
在否定句和疑问句中,单词 some 通常要变为 any 哦!
单数名词案例 (Is)
陈述:There is a cute rabbit in the grass.
疑问:Is there a cute rabbit in the grass?
回答:Yes, there is. / No, there isn't.
复数名词案例 (Are + some→any)
陈述:There are some red apples on the plate.
疑问:Are there any red apples on the plate?
回答:Yes, there are. / No, there aren't.
知识点七:some vs. any 的小秘密
Some · 肯定句
📝 核心规则
主要用于肯定句中,修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词,表达“不确定的一些”。
🍼 基础例句 A
There is some milk in the bottle.
🏫 基础例句 B
There are some students in the class.
Any · 否定 & 疑问
📝 核心规则
常用于否定句和疑问句中,可表示“一些”或“任何”,适用范围比 some 更广。
🚫 否定句示例
There isn't any milk left in the cup.
❓ 疑问句示例
Are there any apples on the table?
Special · 特殊请求
💡 例外情况
在提出请求、建议或期望得到对方肯定答复的疑问句中,习惯使用 some。
☕️ 情景对话 (建议/请求)
— Would you like some tea?
— Yes, please! (期待肯定答复)
💡 小技巧:这样说更显友好哦!
知识点八:“存在有” vs “拥有”
There be vs. have/has
📍场景示例:学校图书馆
这是一个典型的“存在”场景
💡 There be · 强调“某地存在某物”
核心逻辑:描述事物在空间中的客观存在状态,不涉及所属关系。
例句:There is a library in our school. (我们学校里有一个图书馆)
🎒 have / has · 强调“某人拥有某物”
核心逻辑:描述主语对物品的所属权,强调“归属”关系。
I have a new book.
(我有一本新书)
She has a beautiful dress.
(她有一条漂亮的裙子)
知识点九:There be句型的过去与未来
一般过去时 · Past Simple
•was(is/am过去式) + 单数/不可数名词
•were(are过去式) + 复数名词
Eg: There was a big tree here last year.
There were many birds in the tree yesterday.
一般将来时 · Future Simple
• 结构 A: There is/aregoing to be...
• 结构 B: Therewill be... (更通用的将来表达)
Eg: There is going to be a match tomorrow.
There will be a new park in our city next year.
转 换
转换步骤详解 (1-2)
NO.1 疑问句转换
🔍 核心逻辑:Be动词提前
将 be 动词 "Are" 置于句首,构成疑问句结构。
→ Are there five kites on the wall?
✅ 肯定回答 (Short Answer)
Yes, there are. (直接使用 be 动词回答)
❌ 否定回答 (Short Answer)
No, there aren't. (be 动词 + not 的缩写形式)
NO.2 否定句转换
📝 核心变化:Be + not & Some → Any
在 be 动词 "is" 后加 not,并将 some 变为 any (否定句规则)。
→ There is not any rice in the bag.
✏️ 书写优化:缩写技巧
is not 可缩写为 isn't,使句子更简洁地道。
→ There isn't any rice in the bag.
单数与复数的转换 (3-4)
03
单数句 ➔ 复数句
There are some women near the house.
核心变化:be动词 "is" 变为 "are";
名词 "a woman" 变为 "some women" (注意不规则变化)
04
复数句 ➔ 单数句
There is a book on the desk.
核心变化:be动词 "are" 变为 "is";
名词 "some books" 变为 "a book" (去掉some,加不定冠词a)
练 习
练习一:Be动词大挑战!is 还是 are?快速抢答!
🎮 课堂互动规则:老师快速念出句子,学生举手抢答填入正确的 be 动词。我们将分组进行竞赛,看哪个小组反应最快、得分最高!
01
There ________ many monkeys in the mountain.
02
There _______ a beautiful garden in our school.
03
There _________ some water in the glass.
04
There __________ some bread on the table.
06
There __________ twenty desks in our classroom.
07
There__________ a bird in the tree.
08
There __________ some trees near the house.
09
________there a cup of tea on the table?
练习一:答案揭晓!(上)
1
are
many monkeys 是复数名词,用 are
2
is
a beautiful garden 是单数,用 is
3
is
water 是不可数名词,谓语动词用 is
4
is
bread 是不可数名词,谓语动词用 is
5
Are
maps 是复数,疑问句开头用 Are
6
are
twenty desks 是复数,谓语动词用 are
7
is
a bird 是单数,谓语动词用 is
8
are
some trees 是复数,谓语动词用 are
9
Is
a cup of tea 是单数,疑问句用 Is
10
is
apple juice 是不可数名词,用 is
练习一:难点解析 (下)
11
Thereisa bed and two chairs in Betty's room.
💡 解析:就近原则,a bed 是单数名词
12
Thereissome milk in the bottle.
💡 解析:milk 是不可数名词,视为单数
13
Therearesome children in the park.
💡 解析:children 是可数名词的复数形式
14
Thereisan ice cream in the boy's hand.
💡 解析:an ice cream 是单数名词
15
Thereisa teacher and many students in class.
💡 解析:就近原则,紧跟的 a teacher 是单数
16
Therearemany birds and a lion in the forest.
💡 解析:就近原则,紧跟的 many birds 是复数
17
Thereisan orange on the table.
💡 解析:an orange 是单数名词
18
Therearemany things over there.
💡 解析:many things 是可数名词的复数形式
19
Thereisan eraser in the pencil-case.
💡 解析:an eraser 是单数名词
20
Thereisa football match on TV this evening.
💡 解析:a football match 是单数名词
练习二:some/any 小法官!火眼金睛!
互动规则:全班分为若干小组,每组派代表抢答。根据句意判断并填入 some 或 any,答对一题积 1 分,最终积分最高的小组获胜!
01
There's ______ water in the cup.
There isn't ______ tea in the cup.
02
Is there ______ bread here? Yes, there is.
There's ______ on the table.
03
Are there ______ cars in front of the building?
No, there aren't.
04
There isn't ______ chocolate on the table.
I want to buy some for my sister.
05
Is there ______ soap on the dressing table?
I need to wash my hands.
💡 核心口诀:
肯定句中用 some,疑问否定 any 换。
练习二:你都做对了吗?
📝 参考答案 Check Answers
01
第一句肯定用some,第二句否定用any
02
第一句疑问用any,第二句肯定用some
03
这是一个疑问句,所以我们填any
04
这是一个否定句,所以我们填any
💡 规则小贴士
• 肯定句 (Positive) 中,表示“一些”用some。
• 否定句 (Negative) 和 疑问句 (Question) 中,通常用any。
✨ 你真棒!继续加油哦~
练习四:终极辨析!There be vs. have/has
互动说明:快速判断句子表达的是“位置存在”还是“所属关系”,并在横线上填入 There be (is/are) 或 have/has 的正确形式。
01
I ______ a good father and a good mother.
02
______ a book on the desk.
03
He ______ a tape-recorder.
04
______ a basketball in the playground.
05
She ______ some beautiful dresses.
06
They ______ a nice garden in their house.
07
What do you ______ in your schoolbag?
08
______ a big reading-room in the building?
09
What does Mike ______ in his hand?
★ 加油!你是最棒的 ★
练习四:答案与辨析
01
have( 我拥有父母 )
02
There is( 书桌上存在一本书 )
03
has( 他拥有录音机 )
04
There is( 操场上存在一个篮球 )
05
has( 她拥有一条漂亮的裙子 )
06
have( 他们拥有一个大花园 )
07
have( 你拥有什么东西? )
08
Is there( 教学大楼里有阅览室吗? )
09
have( 迈克拥有什么玩具? )
核心规则:人/物拥有用 have/has;某地存在用 There be。
互 动
互动游戏:我是小小演说家!看图说话(示例)
📝 描述小锦囊 (Descriptions)
There are many tall trees in the park.
(公园里有很多大树)
There are some beautiful flowers near the lake. (湖边有漂亮的花)
There is a wooden bench under the big tree. (树下有一张长椅)
There are some lovely ducks swimming on the lake. (湖上有鸭子在游)
总 结
课堂总结:本节课重点回顾
核心结构
句型公式:
There is/are + 主语 + 地点
be动词选择
单数/不可数名词用 is
复数名词用 are
就近原则
be动词的形式取决于
离它最近的那个主语
否定句式
直接在 be 后加 not
注意 some 要变为 any
疑问句式
be 动词提到句首
同样注意 some 变 any
There be vs Have
There be 强调客观存在
Have/Has 强调主观拥有
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