第5卷名词辨析-2026版山西省（职教高考）《英语考点双析卷》（教师讲解卷）（原卷版+解析版）

编写说明：2026版山西省（职教高考）《英语考点双析卷》，依据最新版《中等职业学校英语课程标准》及历年高考真题进行编写。“考点双析”即围绕一个考点，一份是老师的讲解卷，一份是学生的练习卷。助力师生构建 “讲练结合” 的学习闭环，特别适用于第一轮高考复习。本套试卷涵盖19个考点共100卷。 本卷是2026版山西省（职教高考）《英语考点双析卷》的第5卷，主要考查名词辨析。 2026版山西省（职教高考）《英语考点双析卷》第5卷 名词辨析 教师讲解卷 【考点解读】 考点 考纲 解读 近三年试题分析 名词 《山西省中等职业学校学生对口升学考试英语考试大纲（试行）》要求：理解名词的形式和意义并正确使用。 1.理解名词的种类和意义； 2.掌握名词和数； 3.掌握专有名词； 4.掌握名词的所有格； 5.掌握常见名词的词义辨析和习惯搭配。 从近三年山西省职教高考英语真题的命题趋势来看，对名词的考查主要通过单选、完形频繁考查词义、近义词辨析。 第一节 单项选择题（本大题共25小题，每小题2分，共计50分） 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出空白处的最佳选项。 【考点聚焦】 1．The ________ of the experiment was successful, proving our theory correct. A．outcome B．result C．consequence D．effect 2．What’s the right expression of “自动化生产”? A．mass production B．cyber-physical systems C．automated production D．steam engine 3．Living in the present society, we have to learn to put what we have learned into ________. A．practice B．effect C．result D．attention 4．There is some ________ in the fridge. A．tomato B．oranges C．milk D．apple 5．The doctor is skilled at treating heart trouble and never accepts any gift from his patients, so he has a very good ________. A．expectation B．reputation C．contribution D．civilization 6．The right expression of 3² is ________. A．the 2nd root of 3 B．the 2nd power of 3 C．three plus two D．the square root of 3 7．What is the basic unit of area? A．millimeter B．meter C．milliliter D．square meter 8．The ________ of the event was a great success, attracting thousands of people. A．organization B．arrangement C．management D．preparation 9．AI has a good ________ on our life — it helps us save a lot of time on housework. A．influence B．effect C．result D．change 10．The data analysis should be ________ to help us identify problems. A．scientific B．science C．scientist D．scientifically 11．The loud ________ from outside kept me awake all night. A．voice B．noise C．sound D．news 12．The basic unit of mass or weight is ________. A．kilogram B．gram C．milligram D．metric ton 13．In our English class, Mrs. Zhou always organizes creative ________ to encourage us to use the language. A．addition B．advantages C．activities D．adaptation 14．Although he has experienced a lot of hardships and difficulties, he has an optimistic ________ to life. A．carefree B．Thinking C．attitude D．meaning 15．— This dress has a special ________: it has pockets on both sides. — That’s very practical. I like it. A．silk B．material C．font D．feature 【同步精练】 16．Our senior engineer will make a _______about our latest smartphone model. A．present B．preference C．preparation D．presentation 17．In the morning, I read the ________ to learn about the factory’s rules. A．senior technician B．orientation manual C．HR manager D．supervisor 18．—What a good ________ you’ve given me! Thanks a lot. —My pleasure. A．information B．news C．suggestion D．advice 19．Polluted water supply is a ________ public health. A．danger with B．risk from C．risk to D．dangerous to 20．Learning a foreign language is a ________ but rewarding experience. A．happiness B．difficulty C．freedom D．performance 21．Could you give some ________ to the ________ teachers. A．advices; woman B．advice; women C．suggestions; woman D．suggestion; women 22．When we see dark ________in the sky, we know that rain will come soon. A．clouds B．plans C．stars D．things 23．I am sure Lucy will be able to find the hotel-she has a pretty good ________ of direction. A．idea B．sense C．feeling D．experience 24．Our main challenge is that our national currency is rising, and we’re losing competitive _______ to stone producers in India. A．atmosphere B．adventure C．access D．advantage 25．If you want to get in shape, you need to make a ___________. A．video game B．sport club C．fitness plan D．computer game 第二节 阅读下列短文，从每小题所给的四个选项中，选出一个最佳选项。未选、错选或多选均不得分。共10小题，每小题4分, 满分50分。 A Most people want to be happy, but few know how to find happiness. Money and success alone do not bring lasting happiness. Aristotle, a Greek thinker, said, “Happiness depends upon ourselves.” In other words, we make our own happiness. Here are a few suggestions to help you be happier. The first secret of happiness is to enjoy the simple things in life. Too often, we spend so much time thinking about the future—for example, getting into college or getting a good job—that we fail to enjoy the present. You should enjoy life’s simple pleasures, such as reading a good book, listening to your favorite music, or spending time with close friends. People who have several close friends often live happier and healthier lives. Another secret to living a happy life is to be active, and have hobbies where you forget your problems and time. Many people experience this dancing, or playing a sport, such as swimming. You can forget about your problems, and only think about the activity. Finally, many people find happiness in helping others. Studies show that people feel good when they spend their time helping others. If you want to feel happier, do good things for someone. You can help a friend with his or her studies, go shopping to buy food for an elderly person, or simply help out around the house by washing the dishes. 26．The best title (标题) of the passage is ________. A．Money Makes You Happy B．The Secrets of Happiness C．Ideas for Helping Other People to Be Happy D．Good Friends Make You Happy 27．The second paragraph tells us that ________. A．the more friends you have, the happier you will be B．we shouldn’t think about our future C．happiness is to enjoy the simple things in life D．some people fail to live a happy life 28．The passage gives us ________ pieces of advice on happiness. A．one B．two C．three D．four 29．The writer thinks that ________. A．everyone knows how to live a happier life B．it’s wrong to spend time on work C．hobbies take up too much time D．doing good things for someone can make you happier 30．Which of the following is not mentioned in the passage? A．Reading a good book. B．Traveling to a foreign country. C．Playing a sport. D．Spending time with close friends. B Are you shy? If you are, you are not alone. In fact, close to 50 percent of people are shy. Almost 80 percent of people feel shy at some point in their lives. These days, shyness is becoming more and more common. Now, scientists are trying to understand shyness. They have some interesting ideas about why people are shy. Is it possible to be born shy? Many scientists say yes. They say 15 to 20 percent of babies behave shyly. These babies are a little quieter and more watchful than other babies. Interestingly, these shy babies usually have shy parents. As a result, scientists think that some shyness is genetic. Family size might cause people to be shy as well. Scientists at Harvard University studied shy children. They found that 66 percent of them had older brothers and sisters. As a result, they became shy. At the same time, children with no brothers and sisters may be shy as well. Growing up alone, they often play by themselves. They are not able to learn the same social skills as children from big families. You may also be shy because of where you were born. When scientists studied shyness in different countries, they found surprising differences. In Japan, most people said they were shy. But in Israel, only one in three people said so. What explains the difference? One scientist says the Japanese and Israelis have different opinions of failure. In Japan, when people do not succeed, they feel bad about themselves. They blame (责备) themselves for their failure. In Israel, the opposite is true. Israelis often blame failure on outside reasons, such as family, teachers, friends, or bad luck. In Israel, freedom of opinion and risk-taking are strongly supported. This may be why Israelis worry less about failure and are less shy. For shy people, it can be difficult to make friends, speak in class, and even get a good job. But scientists say you can get over your shyness. They suggest trying new things and practicing conversation. And don’t forget — if you are shy, you are not the only one. 31．What is the passage mainly about? A．Happiness. B．Shyness. C．Kindness. D．Loneliness. 32．What does the underlined word “genetic” in Paragraph 2 probably mean? A．Passed down from parents. B．Learned from friends. C．Taught by teachers. D．Made up by brothers. 33．What can be learned from the passage? A．Most little babies are born shy and quiet. B．If you are shy now, you will be shy forever. C．Many shy children have older brothers and sisters. D．Most Israeli people are shy of expressing opinions. 34．We can learn from the passage that ________ may cause shyness. A．genetics, grown-ups and birthplace B．genetics, family size and birthplace C．family size, grown-ups and failure D．genetics, family size and freedom 35．Scientists suggest that shy people can get over their shyness by ________. A．blaming their failure on outside reasons B．trying new things and practicing conversation C．getting themselves away from their shy parents D．trying to understand reasons for their shyness 试卷第1页，共3页 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 编写说明：2026版山西省（职教高考）《英语考点双析卷》，依据最新版《中等职业学校英语课程标准》及历年高考真题进行编写。“考点双析”即围绕一个考点，一份是老师的讲解卷，一份是学生的练习卷。助力师生构建 “讲练结合” 的学习闭环，特别适用于第一轮高考复习。本套试卷涵盖19个考点共100卷。 本卷是2026版山西省（职教高考）《英语考点双析卷》的第5卷，主要考查名词辨析。 2026版山西省（职教高考）《英语考点双析卷》第5卷 名词辨析 教师讲解卷 【考点解读】 考点 考纲 解读 近三年试题分析 名词 《山西省中等职业学校学生对口升学考试英语考试大纲（试行）》要求：理解名词的形式和意义并正确使用。 1.理解名词的种类和意义； 2.掌握名词和数； 3.掌握专有名词； 4.掌握名词的所有格； 5.掌握常见名词的词义辨析和习惯搭配。 从近三年山西省职教高考英语真题的命题趋势来看，对名词的考查主要通过单选、完形频繁考查词义、近义词辨析。 第一节 单项选择题（本大题共25小题，每小题2分，共计50分） 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出空白处的最佳选项。 【考点聚焦】 1．The ________ of the experiment was successful, proving our theory correct. A．outcome B．result C．consequence D．effect 【答案】B 【详解】考查名词辨析。句意：实验的结果是成功的，这证明了我们的理论是正确的。A. outcome结果、成果（侧重事件发展后的最终结局，常用于讨论、竞争等场景）；B. result结果（侧重直接因果关系或经过系列实验后得出的具体结论）；C. consequence后果（常隐含负面、不良影响）；D. effect效果、影响（侧重作用、效应）。根据“ the experiment ”及“successful”可知，是实验产生的积极性结果或得出的具体结论，result常用于科学实验场景，符合要求。故选B。 2．What’s the right expression of “自动化生产”? A．mass production B．cyber-physical systems C．automated production D．steam engine 【答案】C 【详解】考查名词辨析。句意：“自动化生产”的正确表达是什么？A. mass production大规模生产；B. cyber-physical systems信息物理系统；C. automated production自动化生产；D. steam engine蒸汽机。“automated production”的意思是“自动化生产”。故选C。 3．Living in the present society, we have to learn to put what we have learned into ________. A．practice B．effect C．result D．attention 【答案】A 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：生活在当今社会，我们必须学会把所学知识运用到实践中。A. practice实践；B. effect效果；C. result结果；D. attention注意力。根据语境可知，此处指将所学知识运用到实践中，“put ... into practice”是固定短语，意为“把……付诸实践”，A选项符合句意。故选A。 4．There is some ________ in the fridge. A．tomato B．oranges C．milk D．apple 【答案】C 【详解】考查名词辨析和主谓一致。句意：冰箱里有一些牛奶。A. tomato番茄，可数名词单数；B. oranges橘子，可数名词复数；C. milk牛奶，不可数名词；D. apple苹果，可数名词单数。分析句子可知，这是一个there be句型，空处是句子的主语；some后可以接可数名词的复数，也可以接不可数名词，因be动词为单数形式的is，所以空处不能用复数名词，只能使用不可数名词。故选C。 5．The doctor is skilled at treating heart trouble and never accepts any gift from his patients, so he has a very good ________. A．expectation B．reputation C．contribution D．civilization 【答案】B 【详解】考查名词辨析。句意：这位医生善于治疗心脏病，从不接受病人的任何礼物，因此他有很好的声誉。A. expectation期望，指望；B. reputation名誉，名声；C. contribution贡献；D. civilization文明。根据句意及语境可知，这位医生善于治疗心脏病，且不收礼物，名声很好。故选B。 6．The right expression of 3² is ________. A．the 2nd root of 3 B．the 2nd power of 3 C．three plus two D．the square root of 3 【答案】B 【详解】考查名词辨析。句意：3²的正确表达是3的2次幂。A. the 2nd root of 3 3的二次方根，root根；B. the 2nd power of 3 3的2次方，power幂，乘方；C. three plus two三加二，plus加；D. the square root of 3根号3，square root平方根。根据常识可知，3²代表的是3的2次方。故选B。 7．What is the basic unit of area? A．millimeter B．meter C．milliliter D．square meter 【答案】D 【详解】考查名词辨析。句意：面积的基本单位是什么？A. millimeter毫米；B. meter米；C. milliliter毫升；D. square meter平方米。结合常识可知，面积的基本单位是平方米。故选D。 8．The ________ of the event was a great success, attracting thousands of people. A．organization B．arrangement C．management D．preparation 【答案】A 【详解】考查名词辨析。句意：这次活动的组织非常成功，吸引了数千人参加。A. organization组织，筹备（指整个活动的策划、执行和管理工作）；B. arrangement安排，布置（指具体事务的规划和布置）；C. management管理，经营（侧重对资源、人员的管理）；D. preparation准备，预备（指活动开始前的准备工作）。句子强调活动整体运作并取得成功，“organization of the event”是固定搭配，指活动的组织筹备工作，符合语境。故选A。 9．AI has a good ________ on our life — it helps us save a lot of time on housework. A．influence B．effect C．result D．change 【答案】A 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：人工智能对我们的生活有很好的影响——它帮助我们在做家务上节省很多时间。A. influence影响；B. effect效果；C. result结果；D. change改变。根据“it helps us save a lot of time on housework.”可知，空格处应表达“影响”，且固定搭配have a good influence on表示“对……有好的影响”。故选A。 10．The data analysis should be ________ to help us identify problems. A．scientific B．science C．scientist D．scientifically 【答案】A 【详解】考查同根词词义辨析。句意：数据分析应该是科学的，以帮助我们发现问题。A. scientific科学的（形容词）；B. science科学（名词）；C. scientist科学家（名词）；D. scientifically科学地（副词）。分析句子结构可知，根据be可知，空处需用形容词作表语。故选A。 11．The loud ________ from outside kept me awake all night. A．voice B．noise C．sound D．news 【答案】B 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：外面巨大的噪音让我整晚都没睡着。A. voice 声音（特指人的嗓音）；B. noise 噪音（令人不悦的嘈杂声）；C. sound 声音（泛指一切声响）；D. news 新闻。根据“kept me awake all night”可知，空处表示“嘈杂声”。故选B。 12．The basic unit of mass or weight is ________. A．kilogram B．gram C．milligram D．metric ton 【答案】A 【详解】考查常识。句意：质量或重量的基本单位是千克。A. kilogram千克；B. gram克；C. milligram毫克；D. metric ton公吨。根据常识可知，千克是质量或重量的基本单位。故选A。 13．In our English class, Mrs. Zhou always organizes creative ________ to encourage us to use the language. A．addition B．advantages C．activities D．adaptation 【答案】C 【详解】考查名词辨析。句意：在我们的英语课上，周老师总是组织创意性的活动来鼓励我们使用语言。A. addition附加；B. advantages优点；C. activities活动；D. adaptation适应。根据organizes...encourage us to use the language可知，此处表示“组织活动”。故选C。 14．Although he has experienced a lot of hardships and difficulties, he has an optimistic ________ to life. A．carefree B．Thinking C．attitude D．meaning 【答案】C 【详解】考查名词辨析。句意：尽管他经历了很多磨难和困难，但他对生活抱有乐观的态度。A. carefree无忧无虑的；B. thinking思考；C. attitude态度；D. meaning意义。根据“he has an optimistic...to life.”可知，这里表示对生活有乐观的“态度”。故选C。 15．— This dress has a special ________: it has pockets on both sides. — That’s very practical. I like it. A．silk B．material C．font D．feature 【答案】D 【详解】考查名词。句意：——这条裙子有一个特别的特点：它两边都有口袋。——那很实用。我喜欢它。A. silk丝绸；B. material材料；C. font字体；D. feature特点。根据冒号后的句子“it has pockets on both sides”可知，这是在描述裙子的一个特别“特点”，feature意为“特点、特征”，用于说明事物的显著属性，符合语境。故选D。 【同步精练】 16．Our senior engineer will make a _______about our latest smartphone model. A．present B．preference C．preparation D．presentation 【答案】D 【详解】考查名词辨析。句意：我们的高级工程师将对我们最新的智能手机型号做一个介绍。A. present礼物；B. preference偏爱；C. preparation准备；D. presentation介绍，展示。题目说高级工程师对最新智能手机型号进行相关动作，“make a presentation”表示“做介绍/展示”，符合语境。故选D。 17．In the morning, I read the ________ to learn about the factory’s rules. A．senior technician B．orientation manual C．HR manager D．supervisor 【答案】B 【详解】考查名词（词组）辨析。句意：早上，我读了入职手册，了解了工厂的规章制度。A. senior technician高级技术员；B. orientation manual入职手册；C. HR manager人事经理；D. supervisor监督者。根据动词“read”可知，是通过阅读来“了解工厂规定”, orientation manual（入职手册）是公司为新员工提供的指南文件，通常包含规章制度，符合“阅读材料”的语境。故选B。 18．—What a good ________ you’ve given me! Thanks a lot. —My pleasure. A．information B．news C．suggestion D．advice 【答案】C 【详解】考查名词的数。句意：——你给我提了一个好建议！非常感谢。——别客气。A. information消息（不可数名词）；B. news消息（不可数名词）；C. suggestion建议（可数名词）；D. advice建议（不可数名词）。根据“a”可知，此处需要一个可数名词。故选C。 19．Polluted water supply is a ________ public health. A．danger with B．risk from C．risk to D．dangerous to 【答案】C 【详解】考查名词短语。句意：被污染的水源供应对公共健康构成威胁。A. danger with错误表达；B. risk from来自……的风险（risk是名词）；C. risk to对……的风险（risk是名词）；D. dangerous to对……来说是危险的（dangerous是形容词）。不定冠词“a”后应使用名词；根据句意可知，被污染的水源供应对公共健康是有风险的，“a risk to sth./sb.”为固定搭配，意为“对某物/某人构成风险”。故选C。 20．Learning a foreign language is a ________ but rewarding experience. A．happiness B．difficulty C．freedom D．performance 【答案】B 【详解】考查名词辨析。句意：学习一门外语是一段有难度但很有回报的经历。A. happiness幸福；B. difficulty困难；C. freedom自由；D. performance表演。本句中but表转折，后半句rewarding意为“有益的、值得的”，空格处需填与其形成转折的名词，difficulty表示“困难的事、难度”，符合语境。故选B。 21．Could you give some ________ to the ________ teachers. A．advices; woman B．advice; women C．suggestions; woman D．suggestion; women 【答案】B 【详解】考查名词辨析和名词作定语。句意：你能给女教师们一些建议吗？advice建议，不可数名词；suggestion建议，可数名词，suggestions为复数形式。第一空，some修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词，故可用advice或者suggestions；第二空，空后teachers是复数名词，空处名词woman作定语，其单复数形式要与所修饰的名词单复数保持一致，故用women。故选B。 22．When we see dark ________in the sky, we know that rain will come soon. A．clouds B．plans C．stars D．things 【答案】A 【详解】考查名词。句意：当我们看到天空中有乌云时，我们知道雨很快就会来 。A. clouds云 ；B. plans计划 ；C. stars星星；D. things事物。根据we know that rain will come soon可知，这里要表示 “下雨前天空常见乌云”，clouds符合语境。故选A。 23．I am sure Lucy will be able to find the hotel-she has a pretty good ________ of direction. A．idea B．sense C．feeling D．experience 【答案】B 【详解】考查名词辨析。句意：我确定露西能找到酒店 —— 她有相当好的方向感 。A. idea想法；主意；B. sense感觉；官能；C. feeling感情；感觉；D. experience经历；经验 。根据“I am sure Lucy will be able to find the hotel”可知，这里是表达方向感。a sense of direction是固定搭配，契合语境。故选B。 24．Our main challenge is that our national currency is rising, and we’re losing competitive _______ to stone producers in India. A．atmosphere B．adventure C．access D．advantage 【答案】D 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们的主要挑战是我们的国家货币正在升值，我们正在失去印度宝石生产商的竞争优势。A. atmosphere氛围；B. adventure冒险；C. access访问；D. advantage优势。根据“we’re losing competitive… to stone producers in India.”可知，此处是指我们正在失去竞争的“优势”。故选D项。 25．If you want to get in shape, you need to make a ___________. A．video game B．sport club C．fitness plan D．computer game 【答案】C 【详解】考查名词词组辨析。句意：如果你想要保持身材，你需要制定一份健身计划。A. video game电视游戏；B. sport club运动俱乐部；C. fitness plan健身计划；D. computer game电脑游戏。根据“If you want to get in shape”可知，保持身材需要经常运动健身，所以需要制定一份健身计划。故选C。 第二节 阅读下列短文，从每小题所给的四个选项中，选出一个最佳选项。未选、错选或多选均不得分。共10小题，每小题4分, 满分50分。 A Most people want to be happy, but few know how to find happiness. Money and success alone do not bring lasting happiness. Aristotle, a Greek thinker, said, “Happiness depends upon ourselves.” In other words, we make our own happiness. Here are a few suggestions to help you be happier. The first secret of happiness is to enjoy the simple things in life. Too often, we spend so much time thinking about the future—for example, getting into college or getting a good job—that we fail to enjoy the present. You should enjoy life’s simple pleasures, such as reading a good book, listening to your favorite music, or spending time with close friends. People who have several close friends often live happier and healthier lives. Another secret to living a happy life is to be active, and have hobbies where you forget your problems and time. Many people experience this dancing, or playing a sport, such as swimming. You can forget about your problems, and only think about the activity. Finally, many people find happiness in helping others. Studies show that people feel good when they spend their time helping others. If you want to feel happier, do good things for someone. You can help a friend with his or her studies, go shopping to buy food for an elderly person, or simply help out around the house by washing the dishes. 26．The best title (标题) of the passage is ________. A．Money Makes You Happy B．The Secrets of Happiness C．Ideas for Helping Other People to Be Happy D．Good Friends Make You Happy 27．The second paragraph tells us that ________. A．the more friends you have, the happier you will be B．we shouldn’t think about our future C．happiness is to enjoy the simple things in life D．some people fail to live a happy life 28．The passage gives us ________ pieces of advice on happiness. A．one B．two C．three D．four 29．The writer thinks that ________. A．everyone knows how to live a happier life B．it’s wrong to spend time on work C．hobbies take up too much time D．doing good things for someone can make you happier 30．Which of the following is not mentioned in the passage? A．Reading a good book. B．Traveling to a foreign country. C．Playing a sport. D．Spending time with close friends. 【答案】26．B 27．C 28．C 29．D 30．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是获得幸福的秘诀。 26．主旨大意题。根据“Here are a few suggestions to help you be happier. (这里有一些建议可以帮助你更快乐。)”可知，本文主要介绍获得幸福的秘诀。故选B。 27．主旨大意题。根据“The first secret of happiness is to enjoy the simple things in life. (幸福的第一个秘诀是享受生活中的简单事物。)”可知这一段主要介绍幸福就是享受生活中的简单事物。故选C。 28．细节理解题。根据“The first secret of happiness is to enjoy the simple things in life. (幸福的第一个秘诀是享受生活中的简单事物。)”“Another secret to living a happy life is to be active, and have hobbies where you forget your problems and time. (幸福生活的另一个秘诀是积极主动，拥有一些可以让你忘记烦恼和时间的爱好。)”“Finally, many people find happiness in helping others. (最后，许多人在帮助别人中找到了快乐。)”可知，总共是三点。故选C。 29．细节理解题。根据“Studies show that people feel good when they spend their time helping others. If you want to feel happier, do good things for someone. (研究表明，当人们花时间帮助别人时，他们会感觉良好。如果你想感觉更快乐，那就为别人做些好事。)”可知，作者认为为别人做好事可以让你更快乐。故选D。 30．细节理解题。根据“You should enjoy life’s simple pleasures, such as reading a good book, listening to your favorite music, or spending time with close friends. (你应该享受生活中的简单乐趣，比如读一本好书，听你喜欢的音乐，或与亲密的朋友共度时光。)”“Many people experience this dancing, or playing a sport, such as swimming. (许多人在跳舞或进行游泳等运动时都会体验到这种感觉。)”可知，文中提到读一本好书，进行一项体育运动，与亲密朋友共度时光。没有提到去国外旅行。故选B。 B Are you shy? If you are, you are not alone. In fact, close to 50 percent of people are shy. Almost 80 percent of people feel shy at some point in their lives. These days, shyness is becoming more and more common. Now, scientists are trying to understand shyness. They have some interesting ideas about why people are shy. Is it possible to be born shy? Many scientists say yes. They say 15 to 20 percent of babies behave shyly. These babies are a little quieter and more watchful than other babies. Interestingly, these shy babies usually have shy parents. As a result, scientists think that some shyness is genetic. Family size might cause people to be shy as well. Scientists at Harvard University studied shy children. They found that 66 percent of them had older brothers and sisters. As a result, they became shy. At the same time, children with no brothers and sisters may be shy as well. Growing up alone, they often play by themselves. They are not able to learn the same social skills as children from big families. You may also be shy because of where you were born. When scientists studied shyness in different countries, they found surprising differences. In Japan, most people said they were shy. But in Israel, only one in three people said so. What explains the difference? One scientist says the Japanese and Israelis have different opinions of failure. In Japan, when people do not succeed, they feel bad about themselves. They blame (责备) themselves for their failure. In Israel, the opposite is true. Israelis often blame failure on outside reasons, such as family, teachers, friends, or bad luck. In Israel, freedom of opinion and risk-taking are strongly supported. This may be why Israelis worry less about failure and are less shy. For shy people, it can be difficult to make friends, speak in class, and even get a good job. But scientists say you can get over your shyness. They suggest trying new things and practicing conversation. And don’t forget — if you are shy, you are not the only one. 31．What is the passage mainly about? A．Happiness. B．Shyness. C．Kindness. D．Loneliness. 32．What does the underlined word “genetic” in Paragraph 2 probably mean? A．Passed down from parents. B．Learned from friends. C．Taught by teachers. D．Made up by brothers. 33．What can be learned from the passage? A．Most little babies are born shy and quiet. B．If you are shy now, you will be shy forever. C．Many shy children have older brothers and sisters. D．Most Israeli people are shy of expressing opinions. 34．We can learn from the passage that ________ may cause shyness. A．genetics, grown-ups and birthplace B．genetics, family size and birthplace C．family size, grown-ups and failure D．genetics, family size and freedom 35．Scientists suggest that shy people can get over their shyness by ________. A．blaming their failure on outside reasons B．trying new things and practicing conversation C．getting themselves away from their shy parents D．trying to understand reasons for their shyness 【答案】31．B 32．A 33．C 34．B 35．B 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科学家对害羞这一性格的研究成果，以及改变这一性格缺点的方法。 31．主旨大意题。根据第一段中“Now, scientists are trying to understand shyness. They have some interesting ideas about why people are shy. (现在，科学家们正试图理解害羞。他们对人们为什么害羞有一些有趣的想法。)”可知，文章是围绕“害羞”这一主题展开的。故选B。 32．词义猜测题。根据第二段中“Interestingly, these shy babies usually have shy parents. As a result, scientists think that some shyness is genetic. (有趣的是，这些害羞的婴儿通常有害羞的父母。因此，科学家们认为有些害羞是遗传的。)”可知，有些害羞是从父母那里遗传过来的，因此“genetic”是指“父母传下来的”。故选A。 33．细节理解题。根据第三段中“They found that 66 percent of them had older brothers and sisters. As a result, they became shy. (他们发现，66%的害羞的孩子有哥哥姐姐。结果就是他们变得害羞了。)”可知，许多害羞的孩子都有哥哥姐姐。故选C。 34．细节理解题。根据第二段中“As a result, scientists think that some shyness is genetic. (因此，科学家们认为有些害羞是遗传的。)”和第三段中“Family size might cause people to be shy as well. (家庭规模也可能导致人们害羞。)”以及第四段中“You may also be shy because of where you were born. (你也可能因为你的出生地而害羞。)”可知，文章中介绍了三种导致害羞的原因：基因、家庭规模和出生地。故选B。 35．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“But scientists say you can get over your shyness. They suggest trying new things and practicing conversation. (但科学家表示，你可以克服害羞。他们建议尝试新事物和练习对话。)”可知，要克服害羞可以尝试新事物和练习对话。故选B。 试卷第1页，共3页 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $