Unit 5 Nature's Temper 单元测试（重庆专用）2025-2026学年人教版八年级英语下册

**基本信息** 本试卷围绕“Nature's Temper”主题，整合自然灾害情境（如海啸、洪水、沙漠化），覆盖八年级下册Unit 5核心语言知识与技能，适配单元复习，兼具语言能力培养与跨文化意识渗透。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |语法选择|10题/10分|动词时态、形容词、介词|以台风经历为情境，考查过去时等单元语法| |完形填空|10题/15分|上下文理解、情感词汇|通过海啸幸存者心态转变，渗透积极价值观| |阅读理解|17题/30分|自然灾害案例（大禹治水、中国治沙、冰雹防护）|融合中外案例，培养跨文化理解与问题解决能力| |书面表达|1题/20分|灾害应对建议|要求使用单元词汇（如warning、protect），强化语言运用与思维品质|

2026春八年级下学期 Unit 5 Nature's Temper 单元测试 （重庆专用，人教版） 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 第Ⅰ卷（共100分） I. 听力测试。（共 35 分） （略） II. 语法选择。（每小题1分, 共10分） 根据短文内容, 从A、B、C三个选项中选出一个语法正确的答案。 Last week, there was a terrible typhoon in our city. I remember what I was doing when it 1 . I was watching TV at home. Suddenly, the wind became very 2 and the rain started to fall heavily. My mother told me to stay 3 from the windows. My friend Kate was doing her homework when the typhoon came. She 4 the lights go out. She was scared because it was very dark. She called her mother to ask 5 to do. Another friend, Jiaming, was preparing lunch in the kitchen when the typhoon started. He 6 the rain hitting the windows. He quickly closed all the windows and doors. After the typhoon, we saw many fallen trees and broken windows. Some streets were 7 with water. But luckily, no one was hurt. The next day, we helped clean up the 8 . We picked up branches and leaves from the streets. It was hard work, 9 we felt good to help. Now I know how important it is to be 10 during a natural disaster. We should always listen to the warnings and stay safe. 1．A．happen B．happened C．happens 2．A．weak B．strong C．small 3．A．away B．near C．to 4．A．see B．saw C．seeing 5．A．what B．where C．when 6．A．hear B．heard C．hearing 7．A．fill B．filled C．filling 8．A．mess B．clean C．tidy 9．A．so B．but C．because 10．A．careful B．careless C．carelessly 【答案】 1．B 2．B 3．A 4．B 5．A 6．B 7．B 8．A 9．B 10．A 【导语】文章讲述了作者和朋友所在城市遭遇强台风时各自正在做的事，台风过后造成树木倒塌、街道积水等破坏，但无人受伤，大家一起清理灾后现场，作者也明白了自然灾害中保持谨慎、注意安全的重要性。 1．句意：我记得它发生时我正在做什么。 happen发生（原形）；happened发生（过去式）；happens发生（第三人称单数）。根据“what I was doing”可知，此处为一般过去时，“when”引导的时间状语从句也用一般过去时。故选B。 2．句意：突然，风变得非常猛烈，雨开始下得很大。 weak微弱的；strong强烈的；small小的。根据“there was a terrible typhoon in our city”可推知，台风天气风是“猛烈的”。故选B。 3．句意：我妈妈告诉我远离窗户。 away离开；near在……附近；to到。根据“the rain started to fall heavily”可知，台风天气应远离窗户，“stay away from”表示“远离”。故选A。 4．句意：她看见灯灭了。 see看见（原形）；saw看见（过去式）；seeing看见（现在分词）。全文讲述过去的事，此处应用一般过去时态。故选B。 5．句意：她给妈妈打电话问该做什么。 what什么；where哪里；when什么时候。“what to do”表示“做什么”，作“ask”宾语。故选A。 6．句意：他听见雨水敲打窗户的声音。 hear听见（原形）；heard听见（过去式）；hearing听见（现在分词）。全文为过去时，此处也应用一般过去时态。故选B。 7．句意：一些街道积满了水。 fill装满（原形）；filled被装满/装满（过去式/过去分词）；filling装满（现在分词）。“be filled with”表示“充满、填满”，为固定搭配 。故选B。 8．句意：第二天，我们帮忙清理混乱的现场。 mess混乱；clean干净的；tidy整洁的。根据“After the typhoon, we saw many fallen trees and broken windows.”可知，台风过后，树倒窗破，周围环境应是混乱的。故选A。 9．句意：这是辛苦的工作，但是能帮上忙我们感觉很好。 so所以；but但是；because因为。根据“It was hard work”和“we felt good to help”可知，句子前后是转折关系。故选B。 10．句意：现在我知道在自然灾害期间保持谨慎有多重要。 careful小心的；careless粗心的；carelessly粗心地。“be”动词后用形容词，“be careful”意为“小心、谨慎”，符合安全提醒的语境。故选A。 III. 完形填空。（每小题 1.5分, 共15分） 根据短文内容, 从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个能填入相应空格的最佳答案。 A Change of Heart Oshima sat on the beach, his eyes fixed on the endless blue sea. However, the beautiful view brought him no joy. It only 11 him of the terrible disaster half a year ago. He could still picture his family playing happily on the beach. They were wonderful days, full of sunshine and 12 . Then the tsunami (海啸) came. The huge wave 13 everything they owned. Oshima and his family became refugees (难民), living in a small, crowded room. Life was 14 changed. Oshima began to hate the 15 . He saw it as a cold-hearted enemy that took away his happy life. One afternoon, he was walking through the refugee camp when he saw two little boys playing with a small boat made of paper. They were laughing, their eyes shining with joy, as if (仿佛) the world was still a 16 place. Watching them, Oshima felt a sudden 17 . They had lost everything, too, 18 they could still find happiness in such a difficult thing. He realized that his hatred (仇恨) was like a heavy stone on his heart. It was useless to him or his family. At that moment, his feelings began to change. He understood that the sea was just a powerful force of nature. What he really needed to 19 was giving up hope. He started to help others in the camp and worked hard to build a new home with a 20 heart. He learned that even in the hardest times, one can find the power to go on. 11．A．reminded B．warned C．informed 12．A．thunder B．warmth C．warnings 13．A．got over B．drew on C．took away 14．A．totally B．hardly C．actually 15．A．room B．sea C．beach 16．A．perfect B．simple C．natural 17．A．push B．shock C．change 18．A．if B．so C．yet 19．A．fight against B．take up C．prepare for 20．A．usual B．positive C．thankful 【答案】 11．A 12．B 13．C 14．A 15．B 16．A 17．B 18．C 19．A 20．B 【导语】本文讲述了主人公在遭遇海啸、失去幸福生活后，从憎恨大海、深陷痛苦，到目睹难民营中孩子的快乐后幡然醒悟，最终放下仇恨，以积极的心态面对生活，帮助他人。 11．句意：美景只会让他想起半年前那场可怕的灾难。 根据后文可知“Then the tsunami (海啸) came.”主人公经历了一场海啸，大海让他想起那场灾难，对应选项A。warn警告，inform告知，均与主人公经历了灾难的语境不符。 12．句意：那些美好的日子，充满了阳光和温暖。 连词“and”表并列，“sunshine”与warmth有并列关系，带有积极色彩。thunder雷声，warnings警告均不符合语境的积极色彩。 13．句意：巨浪摧毁他们拥有的一切。 根据前文可知自然灾害海啸发生，灾难夺走人们的幸福生活，对应选项C。get over克服，draw on利用均与海啸的巨浪产生毁灭性的影响无关。 14．句意：生活被彻底改变了。 根据前文可知海啸后人们变成了难民，生活被彻底改变了符合语境，对应选项A。hardly几乎不，几乎没有改变与语境矛盾；actually实际上，侧重事实与预期，均不符。 15．句意： Oshima开始憎恨大海。 海啸让他失去了幸福的生活，他把大海视作仇人，对应选项B。room房间，beach海滩，二者都不是造成灾难的主体，不符合。 16．句意：他们欢笑着，眼里闪烁着喜悦的光芒，仿佛世界依然是一个完美的地方。 主人公在一天下午看到两个孩子开心地玩一艘纸船，perfect完美的对应孩子们无忧无虑的快乐状态。simple简单的，natural自然的，与灾难背景下孩子们的开心状态不符。 17．句意：看着他们Oshima突然感到震撼。 失去幸福生活的孩子还是快乐的，给主人公带来了强烈的心理冲击，对应选项B。push推，无法体现心理触动；change改变，这里是瞬间的感受，而不是之间改变。 18．句意：他们也失去了一切，然而他们仍然能在这样的困境中找到快乐。 前文失去幸福生活与这里找到快乐形成转折关系，yet然而，表转折。if如果表示假设，不符合；so表示因果关系，前后无因果关系。 19．句意：他真正需要对抗的是放弃希望。 根据前文可知，孩子们的快乐对主人公产生了影响，他意识到海啸只不过是大自然的力量，他要对抗的是放弃希望这种消极的想法。take up占据，与放弃希望不匹配；prepare for为……做准备，逻辑相反，这里不是为了放弃希望做准备。 20．句意：他开始帮助难民营的其他人，用一颗积极的心努力重建新家园。 根据前文可知，主人公心态转变，放下对大海的仇恨，积极向好，对应选项B。usual通常的，无法体现主人公的转变；thankful感激的，不符合语境。 IV. 阅读理解。（每小题2分, 共30分） 阅读下列材料, 从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案。 A A long time ago, floods (洪水) often happened. The flood buried (掩埋) the land and broke the houses. People felt that they were living in danger every day. The flood really hurt a lot of people, so people began to think about how to solve this problem. At that time, a man named Gun led people to control the flood. All he did was to build the dams (坝) to keep the water out of villages. Nine years later, there were still floods. His son Yu went on controlling the flood. In order to control the flood, Yu didn’t return home for thirteen years. In the past thirteen years, he ran everywhere, passing by his home three times. But he never walked into it to have a look. In his opinion, nothing was more important than what he was doing. Yu learned from the experience of Gun and came up with a better way to control the flood. Together with many people, he dredged (疏浚) many rivers. So the flood could follow the rivers and then go into the sea. The flood finally died down and people moved back to their homes. 21．How did Gun control the flood? A．He led people to build dams. B．He ran to look for land. C．He led people to move away. D．He repaired broken houses. 22．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．Yu continued Gun’s work eight years later. B．Yu didn’t return home for thirty years. C．Yu passed by his home three times a year. D．Yu found a better way to control floods. 23．From the passage we can know that ________ is the best way to control the flood. A．calling on people B．working with family C．dredging rivers D．building some dams 【答案】21．A 22．D 23．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了鲧禹父子治水的故事，重点对比了鲧筑坝堵水和禹疏浚河道的不同治水方法及其效果。 21．第二段最后一句“All he did was to build the dams to keep the water out of villages.”表明鲧通过筑坝阻挡洪水。 22．最后一段第一句“Yu learned from the experience of Gun and came up with a better way to control the flood.”说明禹吸取鲧的经验并找到了更好的治水方法。 23．第二段最后一句“All he did was to build the dams (坝) to keep the water out of villages.”、第三段第一句“Nine years later, there were still floods.”以及最后一段“Together with many people, he dredged (疏浚) many rivers. So the flood could follow the rivers and then go into the sea. The flood finally died down and people moved back to their homes.”说明鲧通过筑坝阻挡洪水，九年后仍有洪水，但是禹与众人合力疏浚多条河道后，洪水退去，百姓重返家园，由此可知疏浚河道是最好的治水方法。 B Standing on the top of a sand dune (沙丘), Abdulkarem from Yemen looked down at a man-made forest. He was on a trip with about 30 international students from Ningxia Medical University to visit Bajitan in Ningxia, China. Abdulkarem and his schoolmates were told that the 60-kilometer-long and 30-kilometer-wide forest can help stop the sand from the Mu Us Desert. However, in the 1950s, the green space was once a desert. So how did all this happen? Over the past 70 years, people have planted a large number of trees to stop the Mu Us Desert from becoming larger. “It’s hard to believe,” Abdulkarem said. “My country also needs to protect people from the danger of deserts, and I see a great example here.” The students learned how to make a straw checkerboard (稻草棋盘), a method of stopping sand from moving.“It’s really difficult,” Abdulkarem said. “Controlling desertification (沙漠化) takes a lot of time and energy. I’m deeply encouraged by the spirit.” The students also visited the Museum of Bajitan. It records the history of how people fight desertification. “I have learned a lot from this trip. I see the great work China has done to protect our planet, and other countries should learn from China.” said Davis from India. 24．What can we learn about the forest in Bajitan? A．It’s a natural forest. B．It was built in 1950. C．It has taken 70 years to become what it is today. 25．What example has China set according to Paragraph 2? A．How to stop sand. B．How to plant trees. C．Where to plant trees. 26．Which proverb (谚语) best explains the underlined word “spirit” in Paragraph 2? A．Practice makes perfect. B．Everything is hard at first. C．Rome was not built in a day. 27．What did Davis think of the trip? A．Difficult. B．Meaningful. C．Relaxing. 【答案】24．C 25．A 26．C 27．B 【导语】本文讲述了也门学生Abdulkarem与宁夏医科大学的国际学生一起参观宁夏白芨滩人工林，了解中国用70年时间治理沙漠、防沙固沙的成果，以及学生们对此的感悟。 24．第2段提到“Over the past 70 years, people have planted a large number of trees to stop the Mu Us Desert from becoming larger”，可知白芨滩的森林花了70年才建成如今的规模。 25．第2段提到“the 60-kilometer-long and 30-kilometer-wide forest can help stop the sand...students learned how to make a straw checkerboard, a method of stopping sand from moving”，可知中国树立的榜样是“如何防沙”。 26．第2段中“spirit”对应的语境是“Controlling desertification takes a lot of time and energy”（治理沙漠化需要大量时间和精力），“Rome was not built in a day（罗马不是一天建成的）”对应“做事需要长期坚持”的精神。 27．Davis提到“I have learned a lot from this trip...other countries should learn from China”，可知他认为这次旅行很有意义。 C ①Hail (冰雹) is a form of precipitation (降水形式) — like rain or snow that is made up of ice.Hailstorms may happen all year. Hail can even form in summer as long as the storms are strong. ② Hailstorms often visit the United States. The area where Nebraska Colorado and Wyoming meet is known as “Hail Alley” and suffers seven to nine hail days every year. It’s hard to tell exactly when a hailstorm might come. ③ Hailstorms are very dangerous. They can cause lots of damage (破坏) to people, buildings, cars, plants and animals. In fact, hailstorms can even cause deaths. For example, a hailstorm killed more than 1,000 English soldiers in 1360. So we should know how to stay safe during it. ④ One way to protect yourself from a hailstorm is to have your tools prepared throughout the year, and one of them must be helmets. They can help you save your head from both the hail itself and other things brought by the heavy storm. You should also make a plan for your family so that you all know where to go for safety. ⑤ What’s more, make sure you stay inside until the hail stops and stay away from windows. If possible,find a room at least one level down from the top of the house. Finally, if you get caught outside in a hailstorm and can’t find a house to stay in, find something to protect your head. Remember: stay out of lowland areas, because they could be filled with water. And don’t forget to avoid trees. 28．What does the underlined word “helmets” in Paragraph 4 mean? A．Thick coats. B．Big knives. C．Hard hats. D．Light umbrellas. 29．How many ways of staying safe during a hailstorm are mentioned in the passage? A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four. 30．What may be the right reason why you should stay away from trees when a hailstorm is outside? A．The broken branch falls and it may hit you. B．There is more rain under the trees. C．The trees are not beautiful because of the hailstorm. D．The tree leaves will drop on the head. 31．What is the structure of the passage? A．         B． C． D． 【答案】28．C 29．D 30．A 31．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了冰雹的定义、多发地区、危害以及冰雹天气下的安全防护方法。 28．第④段交代语境：“They can help you save your head from both the hail itself and other things brought by the heavy storm”，说明该物品作用是保护头部不被砸伤，对应含义是安全帽、硬质头盔。 29．第④⑤段提到安全避险方法：第四段指出“One way to protect yourself from a hailstorm is to have your tools prepared throughout the year”（提前准备防护工具）、“You should also make a plan for your family so that you all know where to go for safety”（制定家庭避险计划）；第五段指出“What’s more, make sure you stay inside until the hail stops and stay away from windows”（室内避险）、“Finally, if you get caught outside in a hailstorm and can’t find a house to stay in, find something to protect your head”（户外避险要求），总共介绍4种在冰雹期间保持安全方法。 30．第⑤段最后一句提醒：“don’t forget to avoid trees”，可推知冰雹天气会砸断树枝，掉落的树枝会砸伤行人。 31．第①②③段介绍冰雹这一现象及其危险性，属于背景铺垫；第④⑤段介绍冰雹天气的安全防护方法，文章结构为“总—分”。 D Nature’s temper is not fixed; it changes with the seasons and weather. Sometimes it is gentle, bringing warm sunshine and soft wind, making all living things grow happily. Sometimes it is fierce, with heavy rain, strong wind and thunder, showing its great power. Spring is a time when nature is gentle. The sun shines warmly, and the wind blows softly. Flowers bloom, and trees turn green. All living things wake up from their winter sleep, enjoying the gentle touch of nature. People like to go out for walks, feeling the beauty of spring. Summer often brings nature’s fierce side. Sudden rainstorms are common, with strong wind and lightning. The temperature rises high, and sometimes there are heatwaves. These changes are nature’s way of balancing the environment, helping plants grow better and cleaning the air. Autumn is gentle again, with cool wind and clear sky. Leaves turn yellow and fall, and fruits ripen. Winter is cold and quiet, with snow covering the ground. Nature seems to fall asleep, preparing for the new life in spring. Understanding nature’s changing temper helps us live in harmony with it. We should respect every change and protect nature, so that it can keep bringing us beauty and life. 32．What is nature’s temper like in spring? A．Fierce. B．Gentle. C．Cold. D．Hot. 33．What do sudden rainstorms in summer help do? A．Destroy plants. B．Make people stay at home. C．Balance the environment. D．Cool down the earth quickly. 34．What is the main idea of the third paragraph? A．Summer is a hot season. B．Nature’s fierce side in summer and its role. C．People don’t like summer rainstorms. D．Heatwaves are common in summer. 35．What can we infer from the passage? A．Nature’s temper never changes. B．We don’t need to respect nature’s changes. C．Understanding nature’s temper helps us protect it. D．Winter is the most beautiful season. 【答案】32．B 33．C 34．B 35．C 【导语】本文是一篇描述性文章，主要讲述了大自然在不同季节展现出的不同“脾气”，包括春天的温和、夏天的猛烈、秋天的凉爽和冬天的寒冷，并强调了理解大自然变化对我们与自然和谐共处的重要性。 32．第二段指出春天大自然的脾气：“Spring is a time when nature is gentle.”，这直接说明春天大自然的脾气是温和的。 33．第三段说明夏天暴雨的作用：“Sudden rainstorms are common, with strong wind and lightning. These changes are nature’s way of balancing the environment, helping plants grow better and cleaning the air.”，其中“These changes”指代前文提到的夏天暴雨等猛烈天气，因此说明夏天暴雨有助于平衡环境。 34．第三段主要讲述了：“Summer often brings nature’s fierce side. Sudden rainstorms are common, with strong wind and lightning. The temperature rises high, and sometimes there are heatwaves. These changes are nature’s way of balancing the environment, helping plants grow better and cleaning the air.”，主要描述了夏天大自然猛烈的一面及其对环境的作用。 35．最后一段可以推断出：“Understanding nature’s changing temper helps us live in harmony with it. We should respect every change and protect nature, so that it can keep bringing us beauty and life.”，说明理解大自然的变化有助于我们保护它。 V. 口语应用。（每小题2分, 共10分） 阅读下面对话，从7个选项中选择5个恰当的句子完成此对话。 (An earthquake hit the area not long ago. A TV reporter is interviewing Timmy there.) A: Hi, Timmy. 36 B: I was doing some shopping. A: 37 B: I felt a slight shake (晃动) and then I heard a big noise. A: What did you do when the building started to shake? B: 38 I saw many people running quickly while pieces of glass and bricks (砖) were falling down. A: How did you feel at that time? B: A little afraid. A: 39 B: Yes, I did. I was saved by some volunteer rescuers then. A: Well, thank you, Timmy. 40 A．Did you shout for help? B．How was the earthquake? C．I hope you’ll be well soon. D．I asked the police for help. E．What did you feel and hear at first? F．I tried my best to run out to the street. G．What were you doing when the earthquake happened? 【答案】36．G 37．E 38．F 39．A 40．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了地震后电视台记者采访Timmy的对话，Timmy分享了地震发生时自己的行为、感受及被救援的经历。 36．根据下文B的回答“I was doing some shopping.”可知，此处是记者询问地震发生时Timmy正在做什么，G项“What were you doing when the earthquake happened?”衔接，对应下文的行为描述。 37．根据下文B的回答“I felt a slight shake and then I heard a big noise.”可知，此处是记者询问Timmy最初的感受和听到的内容，E项“What did you feel and hear at first?”衔接，契合下文的回应。 38．根据上文A的问题“What did you do when the building started to shake?”可知，此处是Timmy说明自己的行动，F项“I tried my best to run out to the street.”衔接，对应上文的行为询问。 39．根据下文B的回答“Yes, I did. I was saved by some volunteer rescuers then.”可知，此处是记者询问Timmy是否求救，A项“Did you shout for help?”衔接，对应下文的肯定回应。 40．根据对话收尾的语境，此处是记者对Timmy的祝福，C项“I hope you’ll be well soon.”衔接，契合采访结束时的关怀语气。 第Ⅱ卷（共50分） VI. 任务型阅读。（41-42小题, 每小题 2分; 43-44小题, 每小题3分; 共10分） 阅读下文并回答问题。 Floods, droughts, storms, hot days… extreme (极端的) weather is becoming more and more common all over the world. This is caused by greenhouse gas emissions (温室气体排放) from human activities, reported China Daily. In the summer of 2024, big storms hit areas of Europe. At least 13 people died in Austria, France and Italy by Aug. 19. In Portugal and Spain, huge wildfires forced thousands of people to leave their homes. In the US, more than 80 percent of the west was in drought, causing three-quarters of farmers in these areas to stop growing food. In China, the heat hit the south starting from June 2024. The duration (持续时间) of 2024’s high temperatures broke the 62-day record in 2013, becoming the longest heat wave in 61 years. If you visited Chongqing in the summer of 2024, you may have seen a very “dark” city: no more neon lights (霓虹灯) in the streets with only a few lights on in shopping malls. The highest temperature there reached ! People there had no choice but to turn on the air conditioner the whole day, which was a big burden for the power system. Extreme weather has also made 218 of the known 375 diseases more serious. You may have heard the word “thermoplegia (热射病)” in 2024. It is the most serious type of sunstroke (中暑). Many cases of death were reported to be caused by it that summer. If people stay in high temperatures for too long, the heat will damage their organs (器官) and make people feel sick, even die. 41．What does “This” refer to (指的是) in Paragraph One? 42．What made Chongqing a “dark” city according to the passage? 43．What is thermoplegia? 44．How can we, as middle school students, help deal with extreme weather problems in daily life? Write 30 words or more. 【答案】41．Extreme weather is becoming more and more common all over the world. 42．High temperature. 43．It is the most serious sunstroke. 44．We can save electricity by turning off unused lights. Walk or bike for short trips. Sort and recycle waste. Plant small trees. Tell friends to protect the environment. Small steps help fight extreme weather. (合理即可) 【导语】本文主要讲述了极端天气在全球日益普遍的现象，介绍了其成因、在多国造成的影响，以及对人类健康的危害，并呼吁人们采取行动应对。 41．第一段前半句明确提出“extreme (极端的) weather is becoming more and more common all over the world”，后半句用“This”引出该现象的成因，因此答案是对前文核心内容的直接提取。 42．第三段提到重庆2024年夏季遭遇极端高温，“People there had no choice but to turn on the air conditioner the whole day, which was a big burden for the power system”，高温导致电力负荷过大，进而出现“no more neon lights (霓虹灯) in the streets”的“黑暗”城市景象，答案可将根本原因概括为“High temperature”。 43．第四段明确指出“It is the most serious type of sunstroke (中暑)”，答案可直接引述原文对“thermoplegia (热射病)”的定义。 44．本题是开放性试题，答案不唯一，需结合文章主题和学生身份提出可行建议。   VII.完成句子。（45-48小题,每空1分;49小题2分;共10分） 根据所给提示, 完成句子。 45．人们尖叫着，尽可能快地跑着，这时他们看到一堵巨大的水墙从海里涌来。 People were screaming and running ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ when they saw a huge wall of water ________ ________ ________ ________. 【答案】 as fast as they could coming from the sea 【详解】原句中“尽可能快地”是关键词，对应的英文表达是“as fast as they could”；“从海里涌来”中“从……来”用“from...”，“涌来”用“come”，结合语境这里用“coming”表示看到水墙正在涌来的状态，“海”是“the sea” 。 46．你记得昨天上午九点钟你在做什么吗? Do you remember what you ________ at nine yesterday morning? 【答案】were doing 【详解】原句中“在做什么”是关键词，表示“正在做”的结构是be doing。本句表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作，用过去进行时，结构为was/were+动词-ing，主语you，be动词用were，do变为doing。故填were doing。 47．尽管一些人可能不记得那天发生了什么，但他们记得当他们听到这个消息时正在做的事情。 Although some people may not remember what ________ that day, they remember what they ________ when they heard the news. 【答案】 happened were doing 【详解】原句中“发生”和“正在做”是关键词，“发生”用happen表达，句子是宾语从句，主句是一般现在时，从句根据语境选择适当的时态，根据“that day”可知，句子是一般过去时，动词要用过去式，happen的过去式是happened；第二空，“做”用do表达，根据“when they heard the news”可知，此处表示的是当听到那个消息时正在做的事情，时态是过去进行时，其结构是“was/were+动词的现在分词”，主语they是复数，用were。do的现在分词是doing。 48．杰克的爸爸正在修理窗户，同时他妈妈在检查雨伞是否能用。 Jack’s dad ________ the window while his mom ________ if the umbrellas were working. 【答案】 was repairing/was fixing was checking 【详解】原句中“修理”和“检查”是关键词，表示“修理”的动词是repair/fix，表示“检查”的动词是check。本句由while引导，表示两个动作在过去同时发生，主从句均应用过去进行时。主语均为单数，需用was+doing结构。repair和fix的现在分词分别为repairing和fixing。故填was repairing/fixing；was checking。 49．当暴风雨来袭时，人们正在做些什么? What ________ people ________ when the rainstorm hit? 【答案】 were doing 【详解】分析句子结构，从句“when the rainstorm hit”提供了过去的时间背景，主句描述在这一过去时间点正在进行的动作，应用过去进行时“was/were+doing”。主语“people”为复数概念，be动词应用were；谓语动词do需变为现在分词形式doing。 VIII. 概要补全。（51和53小题, 每小题2分;50和52小题, 每小题3分; 共10分） 阅读文章，用恰当的短语或句子补全概要。补全部分总词数不超过30词，不能照抄原文连续超过3个词。 People often put on a little weight in winter. While holiday eating plays a part, the main reason lies in our body’s natural response (反应) to the new season. Here’s how it works: First, when the weather gets colder, our bodies naturally want more food for energy—pretty much like animals preparing food for winter. At this season, stores and supermarkets seem to have fewer fresh vegetables and fruits, which leads to the fact that people prefer to choose heavier and more filling (有饱腹感的) foods. Also, many of us feel less interested and motivated in everyday activities when the sunlight is not enough, further influencing our habits. These situations influence our daily life routines in several ways. First, hot and filling meals seem more appealing (有吸引力的) than a plate of cold vegetables and avocado salad. And since outdoor activities don’t seem interesting anymore, we exercise less. Moreover, about 30% of people find themselves sleeping longer than usual when winter arrives. However, there are some simple ways we can cheer ourselves up and stay healthy in winter. To brighten your mood, we can turn on bright indoor lights to make up for the lack of sunlight. We can also try easy home exercises instead of forcing ourselves to go to the gym. Enjoy a cup of warm unsweetened tea to stay hydrated (水分充足的) and cozy. Include healthy seasonal vegetables like pumpkin and kale (羽衣甘蓝) in our meals—they’re both nutritious (营养的) and delicious. Most importantly, focus on building small and sustainable habits rather than making big but hard-to-keep changes. It’s completely natural for our bodies to respond to seasonal shifts. By understanding these changes and adjusting gently, we can maintain (维持) our well-being while still enjoying the comforts and joys of winter. People often gain a little weight in winter. This is partly because 50 , just like animals do. Also, fewer fresh fruits and vegetables are available, so we eat more filling foods. What’s more, 51 . To stay healthy, we can use bright lights to replace sunlight and do simple exercises at home. Drinking warm tea 52 or eating healthy winter vegetables will also be helpful. Remember, small changes work best to stay healthy while 53 in winter. 【答案】50．our bodies need more energy on cold days 51．We aren’t interested in daily things with less sunlight/without enough sunlight 52．without sweetness/sugar 53．we have fun/we enjoy ourselves 【导语】本文主要介绍了人们冬季体重轻微增加的原因，并给出了在冬季保持健康的实用建议。 50．文章第二段明确提到“when the weather gets colder, our bodies naturally want more food for energy”，天冷时身体会自然需要更多食物来获取能量。结合空前的“This is partly because”，应填our bodies need more energy on cold days。 51．文章第二段指出“many of us feel less interested and motivated in everyday activities when the sunlight is not enough”，阳光不足时，人们对日常活动的兴趣会降低。应填We aren’t interested in daily things with less sunlight/without enough sunlight。 52．文章第四段提到“Enjoy a cup of warm unsweetened tea”，“unsweetened”意为无糖的、不加糖的。应填without sweetness/sugar。 53．文章最后一段提到“while still enjoying the comforts and joys of winter”，在享受冬日舒适与乐趣的同时维持健康。应填we have fun/we enjoy ourselves。 IX. 书面表达。（满分20分） 54．假如你是李华，你的美国笔友Mike在新闻上看到最近世界各地频繁发生地震和火山爆发，他感到非常害怕，写信向你询问如何应对自然灾害。请你给他回一封邮件。 内容包括： 1. 安抚他的情绪（自然灾害虽然可怕，但我们可以做好准备）； 2. 提出应对建议（如：学习急救知识、准备应急包、关注官方预警等）； 3. 表达希望（人类与自然和谐共处）。 要求： 1. 词数100~120词，开头结尾已给出，不计入总词数； 2. 包含所有要点，语句通顺，语法正确； 3. 至少使用3个本单元词汇（如temper, warning, destroy, calm, protect等）。 Dear Mike, I’m sorry to hear that you are worried about the natural disasters in the news. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】例文： Dear Mike, I’m sorry to hear that you are worried about the natural disasters in the news. Natural disasters are terrible, but we don’t need to be too scared. We can make enough preparations to protect ourselves. Here are some useful suggestions. First, learn basic first-aid skills to deal with sudden dangers. This is necessary. Second, prepare an emergency bag with the necessary daily things. Third, pay attention to official warning messages in advance, which can help us avoid being destroyed by disasters. These small actions help protect us from being hurt or even destroyed by disasters. Besides, if humans live in peace with nature, natural disasters will become less frequent. Don’t be too anxious. We can face nature wisely. Yours, Li Hua 【详解】写作步骤 [第一步：审题立意] 确定文体：邮件，以一般现在时为主 明确要点：包含三个方面——安抚情绪、提出应对建议、表达希望 确定人称：第一人称（I/we）和第二人称（you） 注意事项：不得透露真实姓名和学校名称；词数100~120；至少使用3个本单元词汇 [第二步：构思布局] 三段式结构： 第一段：承接已给开头，安抚情绪 第二段：提出具体应对建议 第三段：表达希望 [第三步：要点展开] 要点一：安抚情绪 承认现实：Natural disasters are terrible/It’s normal to feel scared等 安慰鼓励：we don’t need to be too scared/we can make preparations to protect ourselves/with proper preparations, we can...等 要点二：应对建议 建议：learn basic first-aid skills to deal with sudden dangers/prepare an emergency bag/pay attention to official warning messages in advance/watch the news in time等 要点三：表达希望 希望内容：live in peace with nature/humans and nature can live in harmony/natural disasters will happen less often等 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2026春八年级下学期 Unit 5 Nature's Temper 单元测试 （重庆专用，人教版） 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 第Ⅰ卷（共100分） I. 听力测试。（共 35 分） （略） II. 语法选择。（每小题1分, 共10分） 根据短文内容, 从A、B、C三个选项中选出一个语法正确的答案。 Last week, there was a terrible typhoon in our city. I remember what I was doing when it 1 . I was watching TV at home. Suddenly, the wind became very 2 and the rain started to fall heavily. My mother told me to stay 3 from the windows. My friend Kate was doing her homework when the typhoon came. She 4 the lights go out. She was scared because it was very dark. She called her mother to ask 5 to do. Another friend, Jiaming, was preparing lunch in the kitchen when the typhoon started. He 6 the rain hitting the windows. He quickly closed all the windows and doors. After the typhoon, we saw many fallen trees and broken windows. Some streets were 7 with water. But luckily, no one was hurt. The next day, we helped clean up the 8 . We picked up branches and leaves from the streets. It was hard work, 9 we felt good to help. Now I know how important it is to be 10 during a natural disaster. We should always listen to the warnings and stay safe. 1．A．happen B．happened C．happens 2．A．weak B．strong C．small 3．A．away B．near C．to 4．A．see B．saw C．seeing 5．A．what B．where C．when 6．A．hear B．heard C．hearing 7．A．fill B．filled C．filling 8．A．mess B．clean C．tidy 9．A．so B．but C．because 10．A．careful B．careless C．carelessly III. 完形填空。（每小题 1.5分, 共15分） 根据短文内容, 从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个能填入相应空格的最佳答案。 A Change of Heart Oshima sat on the beach, his eyes fixed on the endless blue sea. However, the beautiful view brought him no joy. It only 11 him of the terrible disaster half a year ago. He could still picture his family playing happily on the beach. They were wonderful days, full of sunshine and 12 . Then the tsunami (海啸) came. The huge wave 13 everything they owned. Oshima and his family became refugees (难民), living in a small, crowded room. Life was 14 changed. Oshima began to hate the 15 . He saw it as a cold-hearted enemy that took away his happy life. One afternoon, he was walking through the refugee camp when he saw two little boys playing with a small boat made of paper. They were laughing, their eyes shining with joy, as if (仿佛) the world was still a 16 place. Watching them, Oshima felt a sudden 17 . They had lost everything, too, 18 they could still find happiness in such a difficult thing. He realized that his hatred (仇恨) was like a heavy stone on his heart. It was useless to him or his family. At that moment, his feelings began to change. He understood that the sea was just a powerful force of nature. What he really needed to 19 was giving up hope. He started to help others in the camp and worked hard to build a new home with a 20 heart. He learned that even in the hardest times, one can find the power to go on. 11．A．reminded B．warned C．informed 12．A．thunder B．warmth C．warnings 13．A．got over B．drew on C．took away 14．A．totally B．hardly C．actually 15．A．room B．sea C．beach 16．A．perfect B．simple C．natural 17．A．push B．shock C．change 18．A．if B．so C．yet 19．A．fight against B．take up C．prepare for 20．A．usual B．positive C．thankful IV. 阅读理解。（每小题2分, 共30分） 阅读下列材料, 从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案。 A A long time ago, floods (洪水) often happened. The flood buried (掩埋) the land and broke the houses. People felt that they were living in danger every day. The flood really hurt a lot of people, so people began to think about how to solve this problem. At that time, a man named Gun led people to control the flood. All he did was to build the dams (坝) to keep the water out of villages. Nine years later, there were still floods. His son Yu went on controlling the flood. In order to control the flood, Yu didn’t return home for thirteen years. In the past thirteen years, he ran everywhere, passing by his home three times. But he never walked into it to have a look. In his opinion, nothing was more important than what he was doing. Yu learned from the experience of Gun and came up with a better way to control the flood. Together with many people, he dredged (疏浚) many rivers. So the flood could follow the rivers and then go into the sea. The flood finally died down and people moved back to their homes. 21．How did Gun control the flood? A．He led people to build dams. B．He ran to look for land. C．He led people to move away. D．He repaired broken houses. 22．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．Yu continued Gun’s work eight years later. B．Yu didn’t return home for thirty years. C．Yu passed by his home three times a year. D．Yu found a better way to control floods. 23．From the passage we can know that ________ is the best way to control the flood. A．calling on people B．working with family C．dredging rivers D．building some dams B Standing on the top of a sand dune (沙丘), Abdulkarem from Yemen looked down at a man-made forest. He was on a trip with about 30 international students from Ningxia Medical University to visit Bajitan in Ningxia, China. Abdulkarem and his schoolmates were told that the 60-kilometer-long and 30-kilometer-wide forest can help stop the sand from the Mu Us Desert. However, in the 1950s, the green space was once a desert. So how did all this happen? Over the past 70 years, people have planted a large number of trees to stop the Mu Us Desert from becoming larger. “It’s hard to believe,” Abdulkarem said. “My country also needs to protect people from the danger of deserts, and I see a great example here.” The students learned how to make a straw checkerboard (稻草棋盘), a method of stopping sand from moving.“It’s really difficult,” Abdulkarem said. “Controlling desertification (沙漠化) takes a lot of time and energy. I’m deeply encouraged by the spirit.” The students also visited the Museum of Bajitan. It records the history of how people fight desertification. “I have learned a lot from this trip. I see the great work China has done to protect our planet, and other countries should learn from China.” said Davis from India. 24．What can we learn about the forest in Bajitan? A．It’s a natural forest. B．It was built in 1950. C．It has taken 70 years to become what it is today. 25．What example has China set according to Paragraph 2? A．How to stop sand. B．How to plant trees. C．Where to plant trees. 26．Which proverb (谚语) best explains the underlined word “spirit” in Paragraph 2? A．Practice makes perfect. B．Everything is hard at first. C．Rome was not built in a day. 27．What did Davis think of the trip? A．Difficult. B．Meaningful. C．Relaxing. C ①Hail (冰雹) is a form of precipitation (降水形式) — like rain or snow that is made up of ice.Hailstorms may happen all year. Hail can even form in summer as long as the storms are strong. ② Hailstorms often visit the United States. The area where Nebraska Colorado and Wyoming meet is known as “Hail Alley” and suffers seven to nine hail days every year. It’s hard to tell exactly when a hailstorm might come. ③ Hailstorms are very dangerous. They can cause lots of damage (破坏) to people, buildings, cars, plants and animals. In fact, hailstorms can even cause deaths. For example, a hailstorm killed more than 1,000 English soldiers in 1360. So we should know how to stay safe during it. ④ One way to protect yourself from a hailstorm is to have your tools prepared throughout the year, and one of them must be helmets. They can help you save your head from both the hail itself and other things brought by the heavy storm. You should also make a plan for your family so that you all know where to go for safety. ⑤ What’s more, make sure you stay inside until the hail stops and stay away from windows. If possible,find a room at least one level down from the top of the house. Finally, if you get caught outside in a hailstorm and can’t find a house to stay in, find something to protect your head. Remember: stay out of lowland areas, because they could be filled with water. And don’t forget to avoid trees. 28．What does the underlined word “helmets” in Paragraph 4 mean? A．Thick coats. B．Big knives. C．Hard hats. D．Light umbrellas. 29．How many ways of staying safe during a hailstorm are mentioned in the passage? A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four. 30．What may be the right reason why you should stay away from trees when a hailstorm is outside? A．The broken branch falls and it may hit you. B．There is more rain under the trees. C．The trees are not beautiful because of the hailstorm. D．The tree leaves will drop on the head. 31．What is the structure of the passage? A．         B． C． D． D Nature’s temper is not fixed; it changes with the seasons and weather. Sometimes it is gentle, bringing warm sunshine and soft wind, making all living things grow happily. Sometimes it is fierce, with heavy rain, strong wind and thunder, showing its great power. Spring is a time when nature is gentle. The sun shines warmly, and the wind blows softly. Flowers bloom, and trees turn green. All living things wake up from their winter sleep, enjoying the gentle touch of nature. People like to go out for walks, feeling the beauty of spring. Summer often brings nature’s fierce side. Sudden rainstorms are common, with strong wind and lightning. The temperature rises high, and sometimes there are heatwaves. These changes are nature’s way of balancing the environment, helping plants grow better and cleaning the air. Autumn is gentle again, with cool wind and clear sky. Leaves turn yellow and fall, and fruits ripen. Winter is cold and quiet, with snow covering the ground. Nature seems to fall asleep, preparing for the new life in spring. Understanding nature’s changing temper helps us live in harmony with it. We should respect every change and protect nature, so that it can keep bringing us beauty and life. 32．What is nature’s temper like in spring? A．Fierce. B．Gentle. C．Cold. D．Hot. 33．What do sudden rainstorms in summer help do? A．Destroy plants. B．Make people stay at home. C．Balance the environment. D．Cool down the earth quickly. 34．What is the main idea of the third paragraph? A．Summer is a hot season. B．Nature’s fierce side in summer and its role. C．People don’t like summer rainstorms. D．Heatwaves are common in summer. 35．What can we infer from the passage? A．Nature’s temper never changes. B．We don’t need to respect nature’s changes. C．Understanding nature’s temper helps us protect it. D．Winter is the most beautiful season. V. 口语应用。（每小题2分, 共10分） 阅读下面对话，从7个选项中选择5个恰当的句子完成此对话。 (An earthquake hit the area not long ago. A TV reporter is interviewing Timmy there.) A: Hi, Timmy. 36 B: I was doing some shopping. A: 37 B: I felt a slight shake (晃动) and then I heard a big noise. A: What did you do when the building started to shake? B: 38 I saw many people running quickly while pieces of glass and bricks (砖) were falling down. A: How did you feel at that time? B: A little afraid. A: 39 B: Yes, I did. I was saved by some volunteer rescuers then. A: Well, thank you, Timmy. 40 A．Did you shout for help? B．How was the earthquake? C．I hope you’ll be well soon. D．I asked the police for help. E．What did you feel and hear at first? F．I tried my best to run out to the street. G．What were you doing when the earthquake happened? 第Ⅱ卷（共50分） VI. 任务型阅读。（41-42小题, 每小题 2分; 43-44小题, 每小题3分; 共10分） 阅读下文并回答问题。 Floods, droughts, storms, hot days… extreme (极端的) weather is becoming more and more common all over the world. This is caused by greenhouse gas emissions (温室气体排放) from human activities, reported China Daily. In the summer of 2024, big storms hit areas of Europe. At least 13 people died in Austria, France and Italy by Aug. 19. In Portugal and Spain, huge wildfires forced thousands of people to leave their homes. In the US, more than 80 percent of the west was in drought, causing three-quarters of farmers in these areas to stop growing food. In China, the heat hit the south starting from June 2024. The duration (持续时间) of 2024’s high temperatures broke the 62-day record in 2013, becoming the longest heat wave in 61 years. If you visited Chongqing in the summer of 2024, you may have seen a very “dark” city: no more neon lights (霓虹灯) in the streets with only a few lights on in shopping malls. The highest temperature there reached ! People there had no choice but to turn on the air conditioner the whole day, which was a big burden for the power system. Extreme weather has also made 218 of the known 375 diseases more serious. You may have heard the word “thermoplegia (热射病)” in 2024. It is the most serious type of sunstroke (中暑). Many cases of death were reported to be caused by it that summer. If people stay in high temperatures for too long, the heat will damage their organs (器官) and make people feel sick, even die. 41．What does “This” refer to (指的是) in Paragraph One? 42．What made Chongqing a “dark” city according to the passage? 43．What is thermoplegia? 44．How can we, as middle school students, help deal with extreme weather problems in daily life? Write 30 words or more. VII.完成句子。（45-48小题,每空1分;49小题2分;共10分） 根据所给提示, 完成句子。 45．人们尖叫着，尽可能快地跑着，这时他们看到一堵巨大的水墙从海里涌来。 People were screaming and running ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ when they saw a huge wall of water ________ ________ ________ ________. 46．你记得昨天上午九点钟你在做什么吗? Do you remember what you ________ at nine yesterday morning? 47．尽管一些人可能不记得那天发生了什么，但他们记得当他们听到这个消息时正在做的事情。 Although some people may not remember what ________ that day, they remember what they ________ when they heard the news. 48．杰克的爸爸正在修理窗户，同时他妈妈在检查雨伞是否能用。 Jack’s dad ________ the window while his mom ________ if the umbrellas were working. 49．当暴风雨来袭时，人们正在做些什么? What ________ people ________ when the rainstorm hit? VIII. 概要补全。（51和53小题, 每小题2分;50和52小题, 每小题3分; 共10分） 阅读文章，用恰当的短语或句子补全概要。补全部分总词数不超过30词，不能照抄原文连续超过3个词。 People often put on a little weight in winter. While holiday eating plays a part, the main reason lies in our body’s natural response (反应) to the new season. Here’s how it works: First, when the weather gets colder, our bodies naturally want more food for energy—pretty much like animals preparing food for winter. At this season, stores and supermarkets seem to have fewer fresh vegetables and fruits, which leads to the fact that people prefer to choose heavier and more filling (有饱腹感的) foods. Also, many of us feel less interested and motivated in everyday activities when the sunlight is not enough, further influencing our habits. These situations influence our daily life routines in several ways. First, hot and filling meals seem more appealing (有吸引力的) than a plate of cold vegetables and avocado salad. And since outdoor activities don’t seem interesting anymore, we exercise less. Moreover, about 30% of people find themselves sleeping longer than usual when winter arrives. However, there are some simple ways we can cheer ourselves up and stay healthy in winter. To brighten your mood, we can turn on bright indoor lights to make up for the lack of sunlight. We can also try easy home exercises instead of forcing ourselves to go to the gym. Enjoy a cup of warm unsweetened tea to stay hydrated (水分充足的) and cozy. Include healthy seasonal vegetables like pumpkin and kale (羽衣甘蓝) in our meals—they’re both nutritious (营养的) and delicious. Most importantly, focus on building small and sustainable habits rather than making big but hard-to-keep changes. It’s completely natural for our bodies to respond to seasonal shifts. By understanding these changes and adjusting gently, we can maintain (维持) our well-being while still enjoying the comforts and joys of winter. People often gain a little weight in winter. This is partly because 50 , just like animals do. Also, fewer fresh fruits and vegetables are available, so we eat more filling foods. What’s more, 51 . To stay healthy, we can use bright lights to replace sunlight and do simple exercises at home. Drinking warm tea 52 or eating healthy winter vegetables will also be helpful. Remember, small changes work best to stay healthy while 53 in winter. IX. 书面表达。（满分20分） 54．假如你是李华，你的美国笔友Mike在新闻上看到最近世界各地频繁发生地震和火山爆发，他感到非常害怕，写信向你询问如何应对自然灾害。请你给他回一封邮件。 内容包括： 1. 安抚他的情绪（自然灾害虽然可怕，但我们可以做好准备）； 2. 提出应对建议（如：学习急救知识、准备应急包、关注官方预警等）； 3. 表达希望（人类与自然和谐共处）。 要求： 1. 词数100~120词，开头结尾已给出，不计入总词数； 2. 包含所有要点，语句通顺，语法正确； 3. 至少使用3个本单元词汇（如temper, warning, destroy, calm, protect等）。 Dear Mike, I’m sorry to hear that you are worried about the natural disasters in the news. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $