Unit 4 The Wonders of Nature4 重点单词详解练习 2025-2026学年人教版八年级英语下册

2026-04-30

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Unit 4 The Wonders of Nature

【重点单词讲解】

1. wonder /ˈwʌndə(r)/ n. 奇观；惊叹 v. 想知道；

派生词：wonderful adj. 精彩的；绝妙的；wonderfully adv. 极好地

短语搭配：the Seven Wonders of the World 世界七大奇迹

练一练：The Great Wall is one of the great ______ (wonder) of the world.

2. measurement /ˈmeʒəmənt/ n. 数量；测量

派生词：measure v. 测量；n. 措施；measurable adj. 可测量的

短语搭配：take measurement 测量；a measurement of ……的尺寸

例句：The measurement of the room is 5 meters by 4 meters.

练一练：We need to make a ______ (measure) of the desk.

3. square kilometre 平方千米

派生词：square adj. 正方形的；平方的；n. 正方形；广场；kilometre n. 千米；公里(=kilometer)

例句：The city covers an area of 1000 square kilometres.

练一练：The park is 5 ______ (square kilometre) in size.

4. below /bɪˈləʊ/ prep. 在(或到)……下面；少于；低于 adv. 在(或到)下面

短语搭配：below zero 零度以下；look below 向下看

例句：The temperature is below zero today.

练一练：The answer is written ______ the question.

5. level /ˈlevl/ n. 高度；水平；程度

短语搭配：sea level 海平面；high level 高水平

例句：The water level in the river is rising.

练一练：His English is at a high ______ (level).

6. surface /ˈsɜːfɪs/ n. 表面；表层

短语搭配：the surface of the earth 地球表面；on the surface 表面上

例句：The surface of the lake is very smooth.

练一练：The ______ (表面) of the table is clean.

7. depth /depθ/ n. 深(度)；纵深

派生词：deep adj. 深的；adv. 深深地；deepen v. 加深；deeply adv. 深刻地

短语搭配：the depth of the river 河水深度；in depth 深入地

例句：The depth of the well is 10 meters.

练一练：We need to know the ______ (deep) of the pool.

8. dive /daɪv/ v. & n. 潜水；跳水；俯冲

派生词：diver n. 潜水员；跳水运动员；diving n. 潜水；跳水运动

短语搭配：dive into the water 跳入水中；go diving 去潜水

例句：He dived into the river to save the child.

练一练：She likes ______ (dive) in the sea.

9. research /rɪˈsɜːtʃ/ v. & n. 研究；调查

短语搭配：do research 做研究；(通常不可数)

例句：The scientists are doing research on the virus.

练一练：We need to carry out some ______ (research) on this problem.

10. vessel /ˈvesl/ n. 大船；轮船

例句：The vessel is sailing across the ocean.

练一练：The ______ (大船) arrived at the port yesterday.

11. unusual /ʌnˈjuːʒuəl/ adj. 特别的；不寻常的

派生词：usual adj. 通常的；平常的；usually adv. 通常；unusually adv. 不寻常地

短语搭配：an unusual experience 不寻常的经历；unusual weather 反常的天气

例句：He has an unusual hobby.

练一练：It's ___________(usual) to see snow in Guangdong Province.

12. bottom /ˈbɒtəm/ n. 底部；最下部

短语搭配：at the bottom of 在……底部；from top to bottom 从上到下

例句：There is a fish at the bottom of the river.

练一练：The answer is at the ______ (底部) of the page.

13. waterfall /ˈwɔːtəfɔːl/ n. 瀑布

例句：We visited a famous waterfall last summer.

练一练：We saw many beautiful ___________(waterfall) in the mountain last summer.

14. civilization /ˌsɪvəlaɪˈzeɪʃn/ (=civilisation) n. 文明

派生词：civilize v. 使文明；教化；civilized adj. 文明的；有礼貌的；civil adj. 公民的；文明的

短语搭配：ancient civilization 古代文明；human civilization 人类文明

例句：China has a long history of civilization.

练一练：We should protect our ancient ______ (civilize).

15. means /miːnz/ n. (pl. means) 方式；途径

派生词：mean v. 意思是；意味着；打算；meaning n. 意思；含义

短语搭配：by means of 通过……方式；a means of 一种……的方式

例句：We can communicate by means of emails.

练一练：Walking is a good ______ (mean) of exercise.

16. development /dɪˈveləpmənt/ n. 发展；壮大

派生词：develop v. 发展；开发；developed adj. 发达的；developing adj. 发展中的

短语搭配：economic development 经济发展；the development of ……的发展

例句：The development of technology changes our life.

练一练：We should pay attention to the ______ (develop) of our city.

17. desert /ˈdezət/ n. 沙漠；荒原

派生词：desert v. /dɪˈzɜːt/ 抛弃；遗弃；deserted adj. 荒芜的；被遗弃的

短语搭配：the Sahara Desert 撒哈拉沙漠；a dry desert 干旱的沙漠

例句：Camels live in the desert.

练一练：The ______ (沙漠) is very hot during the day.

18. cubic /ˈkjuːbɪk/ adj. 立方的

派生词：cube n. 立方体；立方；cubical adj. 立方体的；立方的

短语搭配：cubic meter 立方米；cubic centimeter 立方厘米

例句：The box is one cubic meter in size.

练一练：The room is 10 ______ (cube) meters.

19. mile /maɪl/ n. 英里

短语搭配：a mile away 一英里远；walk ten miles 走十英里

例句：The park is two miles from my home.

练一练：He ran five ______ (mile) yesterday.

20. pool /puːl/ n. 池塘；水坑

短语搭配：a swimming pool 游泳池；a small pool 小池塘

例句：There are some fish in the pool.

练一练：We swam in the ______ (pool) last summer.

21. climber /ˈklaɪmə(r)/ n. 攀登者；登山者

派生词：climb v. 攀登；攀爬；climbing n. 攀登；登山运动

短语搭配：a mountain climber 登山者；a rock climber 攀岩者

例句：He is a famous climber.

练一练：The ______ (climb) reached the top of the mountain.

22. northern /ˈnɔːðən/ adj. 北部的；向北的

派生词：north n. 北方；北部

短语搭配：northern China 中国北方；northern part 北部地区

例句：It's cold in the northern part of the country.

练一练：He comes from the ______ (north) part of the city.

23. distance /ˈdɪstəns/ n. 距离；遥远

派生词：distant adj. 遥远的；疏远的；distantly adv. 遥远地；疏远地

短语搭配：at a distance 在远处；the distance between ……之间的距离

例句：The distance between the two cities is 100 kilometers.

练一练：We can see the mountain in the ______ (distant).

24. survive /səˈvaɪv/ v. 生存；存活；艰难度过

派生词：survival n. 生存；存活；survivor n. 幸存者；生还者

短语搭配：survive the disaster 在灾难中幸存；survive on 靠……生存

例句：He survived the earthquake.

练一练：It's hard to ______ (survive) in the desert without water.

练一练：He spent his ___________(一生) studying the stars.

参考答案

wonders
measurement
square kilometres
below
level
surface
depth
diving
research
vessel
unusual
bottom
waterfalls
civilization
means
development
desert
cubic
miles
pool
climber
northern
distance
survive
conditions
degree
cliff
changeable
death
determined
above
teammates
shoulder
bit by bit
ladder
measures
successfully
risk
curiosity
ambition
explorers
simply
risky
southern
located
freshwater
types
attracts
curious
traveller
natural
underwater
northeastern
coast
corals
reef
including
sandy
alive
structure
snorkeled
schools
turtle
lifetime

wonder n. 奇观；惊叹；v. 琢磨；想知道；感到诧异 → wonderful adj. 精彩的；绝妙的 → wonderfully adv. 精彩地；绝妙地
measurement n. 数量；测量 → measure v. 测量；n. 措施 → measurable adj. 可测量的
depth n. 深(度)；纵深 → deep adj. 深的；adv. 深深地 → deepen v. 加深；深化
dive v. & n. 潜水；跳水；俯冲 → diver n. 潜水员；跳水运动员 → diving n. 潜水(运动)；跳水(运动)
research v. & n. 研究；调查 → researcher n. 研究者；调研人员
unusual adj. 特别的；不寻常的 → usual adj. 通常的；平常的 → usually adv. 通常；平常
civilization (=civilisation) n. 文明 → civilize v. 使文明；使开化 → civilized adj. 文明的；开化的
development n. 发展；壮大 → develop v. 发展；开发 → developed adj. 发达的；成熟的 → developing adj. 发展中的
desert n. 沙漠；荒原 → deserted adj. 荒芜的；被遗弃的
cubic adj. 立方的 → cube n. 立方体；立方
climber n. 攀登者；登山者 → climb v. 攀登；攀爬 → climbing n. 攀登(运动)；登山(运动)
northern adj. 北部的；向北的 → north n. 北；北方；adj. 北方的；adv. 向北
distance n. 距离；遥远 → distant adj. 遥远的；远处的 → distantly adv. 遥远地；冷淡地
survive v. 生存；存活；艰难度过 → survival n. 生存；存活 → survivor n. 幸存者；生还者
condition n. 状态；境况 → conditional adj. 有条件的；假定的
changeable adj. 可能变化的；易变的；常变的 → change v. 改变；变化；n. 变化；改变
death n. 死亡；毁灭；破灭 → die v. 死亡；消逝 → dead adj. 死的；无生命的 → deadly adj. 致命的；致死的
determined adj. 有决心的；坚决的 → determine v. 决定；确定 → determination n. 决心；果断 → determinately adv. 坚决地；果断地
teammate n. 同队队员；队友 → team n. 队；组；v. 组队；合作
successfully adv. 成功地；顺利地 → succeed v. 成功；达成 → success n. 成功；成就 → successful adj. 成功的；有成效的
risk v. 使…… 冒风险(或面临危险)；n. 危险；风险 → risky adj. 有风险的；危险的 → riskily adv. 冒险地；危险地
curiosity n. 好奇心；求知欲 → curious adj. 好奇的；求知欲强的 → curiously adv. 好奇地；奇怪地
ambition n. 追求的目标；野心；雄心 → ambitious adj. 有雄心的；有野心的 → ambitiously adv. 雄心勃勃地；热切地
explorer n. 探险者；勘探者 → explore v. 探索；勘探 → exploration n. 探索；勘探
simply adv. 仅仅；只；简单地 → simple adj. 简单的；单纯的 → simplicity n. 简单；单纯
southern adj. 南部的；向南的 → south n. 南；南方；adj. 南方的；adv. 向南
located adj. 位于；坐落在 → locate v. 定位；位于 → location n. 位置；地点 → locating adj. 定位的
type n. 类型；种类；v. 打字；归类 → typist n. 打字员；typewriter n. 打字机
attract v. 吸引；招引；引起(反应) → attraction n. 吸引力；景点 → attractive adj. 有吸引力的；迷人的
curious adj. 好奇的；求知欲强的 → curiosity n. 好奇心；求知欲 → curiously adv. 好奇地；奇怪地
traveller (=traveler) n. 旅行者；游客 → travel v. 旅行；游历；n. 旅行 → traveling adj. 旅行的；移动的
natural adj. 自然的；天然的；天生的 → nature n. 自然；天性 → naturally adv. 自然地；天生地
northeastern adj. 东北的；东北方向的 → northeast n. 东北；东北方；adj. 东北的；adv. 向东北
coast n. 海岸；海滨 → coastal adj. 沿海的；海岸的
include v. 包含；包括 → inclusion n. 包含；加入 → inclusive adj. 包含的；包括的
sand n. 沙子 → sandy adj. 含沙的；沙质的
structure n. 结构(体)；构造；体系 → structure v. 构建；组织 → structural adj. 结构的；构造的