Unit 4 The Wonders of Nature4 重点单词详解练习 2025-2026学年人教版八年级英语下册

Unit 4 The Wonders of Nature 【重点单词讲解】 1. wonder /ˈwʌndə(r)/ n. 奇观；惊叹 v. 想知道； 派生词：wonderful adj. 精彩的；绝妙的；wonderfully adv. 极好地 短语搭配：the Seven Wonders of the World 世界七大奇迹 练一练：The Great Wall is one of the great ______ (wonder) of the world. 2. measurement /ˈmeʒəmənt/ n. 数量；测量 派生词：measure v. 测量；n. 措施；measurable adj. 可测量的 短语搭配：take measurement 测量；a measurement of ……的尺寸 例句：The measurement of the room is 5 meters by 4 meters. 练一练：We need to make a ______ (measure) of the desk. 3. square kilometre 平方千米 派生词：square adj. 正方形的；平方的；n. 正方形；广场；kilometre n. 千米；公里(=kilometer) 例句：The city covers an area of 1000 square kilometres. 练一练：The park is 5 ______ (square kilometre) in size. 4. below /bɪˈləʊ/ prep. 在(或到)……下面；少于；低于 adv. 在(或到)下面 短语搭配：below zero 零度以下；look below 向下看 例句：The temperature is below zero today. 练一练：The answer is written ______ the question. 5. level /ˈlevl/ n. 高度；水平；程度 短语搭配：sea level 海平面；high level 高水平 例句：The water level in the river is rising. 练一练：His English is at a high ______ (level). 6. surface /ˈsɜːfɪs/ n. 表面；表层 短语搭配：the surface of the earth 地球表面；on the surface 表面上 例句：The surface of the lake is very smooth. 练一练：The ______ (表面) of the table is clean. 7. depth /depθ/ n. 深(度)；纵深 派生词：deep adj. 深的；adv. 深深地；deepen v. 加深；deeply adv. 深刻地 短语搭配：the depth of the river 河水深度；in depth 深入地 例句：The depth of the well is 10 meters. 练一练：We need to know the ______ (deep) of the pool. 8. dive /daɪv/ v. & n. 潜水；跳水；俯冲 派生词：diver n. 潜水员；跳水运动员；diving n. 潜水；跳水运动 短语搭配：dive into the water 跳入水中；go diving 去潜水 例句：He dived into the river to save the child. 练一练：She likes ______ (dive) in the sea. 9. research /rɪˈsɜːtʃ/ v. & n. 研究；调查 短语搭配：do research 做研究；(通常不可数) 例句：The scientists are doing research on the virus. 练一练：We need to carry out some ______ (research) on this problem. 10. vessel /ˈvesl/ n. 大船；轮船 例句：The vessel is sailing across the ocean. 练一练：The ______ (大船) arrived at the port yesterday. 11. unusual /ʌnˈjuːʒuəl/ adj. 特别的；不寻常的 派生词：usual adj. 通常的；平常的；usually adv. 通常；unusually adv. 不寻常地 短语搭配：an unusual experience 不寻常的经历；unusual weather 反常的天气 例句：He has an unusual hobby. 练一练：It's ___________(usual) to see snow in Guangdong Province. 12. bottom /ˈbɒtəm/ n. 底部；最下部 短语搭配：at the bottom of 在……底部；from top to bottom 从上到下 例句：There is a fish at the bottom of the river. 练一练：The answer is at the ______ (底部) of the page. 13. waterfall /ˈwɔːtəfɔːl/ n. 瀑布 例句：We visited a famous waterfall last summer. 练一练：We saw many beautiful ___________(waterfall) in the mountain last summer. 14. civilization /ˌsɪvəlaɪˈzeɪʃn/ (=civilisation) n. 文明 派生词：civilize v. 使文明；教化；civilized adj. 文明的；有礼貌的；civil adj. 公民的；文明的 短语搭配：ancient civilization 古代文明；human civilization 人类文明 例句：China has a long history of civilization. 练一练：We should protect our ancient ______ (civilize). 15. means /miːnz/ n. (pl. means) 方式；途径 派生词：mean v. 意思是；意味着；打算；meaning n. 意思；含义 短语搭配：by means of 通过……方式；a means of 一种……的方式 例句：We can communicate by means of emails. 练一练：Walking is a good ______ (mean) of exercise. 16. development /dɪˈveləpmənt/ n. 发展；壮大 派生词：develop v. 发展；开发；developed adj. 发达的；developing adj. 发展中的 短语搭配：economic development 经济发展；the development of ……的发展 例句：The development of technology changes our life. 练一练：We should pay attention to the ______ (develop) of our city. 17. desert /ˈdezət/ n. 沙漠；荒原 派生词：desert v. /dɪˈzɜːt/ 抛弃；遗弃；deserted adj. 荒芜的；被遗弃的 短语搭配：the Sahara Desert 撒哈拉沙漠；a dry desert 干旱的沙漠 例句：Camels live in the desert. 练一练：The ______ (沙漠) is very hot during the day. 18. cubic /ˈkjuːbɪk/ adj. 立方的 派生词：cube n. 立方体；立方；cubical adj. 立方体的；立方的 短语搭配：cubic meter 立方米；cubic centimeter 立方厘米 例句：The box is one cubic meter in size. 练一练：The room is 10 ______ (cube) meters. 19. mile /maɪl/ n. 英里 短语搭配：a mile away 一英里远；walk ten miles 走十英里 例句：The park is two miles from my home. 练一练：He ran five ______ (mile) yesterday. 20. pool /puːl/ n. 池塘；水坑 短语搭配：a swimming pool 游泳池；a small pool 小池塘 例句：There are some fish in the pool. 练一练：We swam in the ______ (pool) last summer. 21. climber /ˈklaɪmə(r)/ n. 攀登者；登山者 派生词：climb v. 攀登；攀爬；climbing n. 攀登；登山运动 短语搭配：a mountain climber 登山者；a rock climber 攀岩者 例句：He is a famous climber. 练一练：The ______ (climb) reached the top of the mountain. 22. northern /ˈnɔːðən/ adj. 北部的；向北的 派生词：north n. 北方；北部 短语搭配：northern China 中国北方；northern part 北部地区 例句：It's cold in the northern part of the country. 练一练：He comes from the ______ (north) part of the city. 23. distance /ˈdɪstəns/ n. 距离；遥远 派生词：distant adj. 遥远的；疏远的；distantly adv. 遥远地；疏远地 短语搭配：at a distance 在远处；the distance between ……之间的距离 例句：The distance between the two cities is 100 kilometers. 练一练：We can see the mountain in the ______ (distant). 24. survive /səˈvaɪv/ v. 生存；存活；艰难度过 派生词：survival n. 生存；存活；survivor n. 幸存者；生还者 短语搭配：survive the disaster 在灾难中幸存；survive on 靠……生存 例句：He survived the earthquake. 练一练：It's hard to ______ (survive) in the desert without water. 25. condition /kənˈdɪʃn/ n. 状态；境况 派生词：conditional adj. 有条件的 短语搭配：in good condition 状况良好；living conditions 生活条件 例句：The old house is still in good condition. 练一练：We should improve our living ______ (境况). 26. degree /dɪˈɡriː/ n. 度；度数；程度 短语搭配：a degree of 一定程度的；30 degrees 30度；to a certain degree = to some degree一定程度上 例句：The temperature is 25 degrees today. 练一练：I agree with you to a certain ______ (degree). 27. cliff /klɪf/ n. 悬崖；峭壁 派生词：cliffy adj. 多悬崖的；陡峭的 短语搭配：a high cliff 高高的悬崖；cliff top 悬崖顶端 例句：The house is on the edge of a cliff. 练一练：The ______ (悬崖) is very dangerous. 28. changeable /ˈtʃeɪndʒəbl/ adj. 可能变化的；易变的；常变的 派生词：change v./n. 改变；变化；changeably adv. 易变地；unchangeable adj. 不可改变的 短语搭配：changeable weather 多变的天气；changeable mood 多变的情绪 例句：The weather here is very changeable. 练一练：Her mood is ______ (change) these days. 29. death /deθ/ n. 死亡；毁灭；破灭 派生词：die v. 死亡；dead adj. 死的；deadly adj. 致命的；dying adj. 垂死的 短语搭配：the death of ……的死亡；face death 面对死亡 例句：The death of his pet made him sad. 练一练：We were shocked at the ______ (die) of our teacher. 30. determined /dɪˈtɜːmɪnd/ adj. 有决心的；坚决的 派生词：determine v. 确定；决定；determination n. 决心 短语搭配：be determined to do sth. 决心做某事 例句：He is determined to learn English well. 练一练：She is ______ (determine) to finish the work today. 31. above /əˈbʌv/ prep. 在(或向)……上面；超过 adv. 在(或向)上面；在(或向)高处；超过 短语搭配：above the ground 在地面上方；above all 最重要的是 练一练：The plane is flying _________(above) the clouds. 32. teammate /ˈtiːmmeɪt/ n. 同队队员；队友 派生词：team n. 队；组；teamwork n. 团队合作；teammate 无其他派生 短语搭配：a good teammate 好队友；teamwork with teammates 和队友合作 例句：We are good teammates. 练一练：they are my best ______ (teammate) in the basketball team. 33. shoulder /ˈʃəʊldə(r)/ n. 肩膀；肩部 短语搭配：shoulder to shoulder 肩并肩；on one's shoulder 在某人肩上 例句：He put his hand on my shoulder. 练一练：She carried the bag on her ______ (shoulder). 34. bit by bit 一点一点地；逐渐地 短语搭配：bit by bit 逐渐地；little by little 一点一点地 例句：He learned to walk bit by bit. 练一练：We finished the work ______ (逐渐地). 35. ladder /ˈlædə(r)/ n. 梯子；阶梯；途径 短语搭配：a wooden ladder 木梯；a ladder to success 成功的阶梯 例句：He climbed up the ladder to get the apple. 练一练：We need a ______ (梯子) to reach the top of the wall. 36. measure /ˈmeʒə(r)/ v. 测量；量度为 n. 措施；度量单位 派生词：measurement n. 测量；measurable adj. 可测量的；measuring adj. 测量用的 短语搭配：measure the length 测量长度；take measures to do sth. 采取措施做某事 例句：We need to measure the room before buying furniture. 练一练：The government should take ______ (measure) to protect the environment. 37. successfully /səkˈsesfəli/ adv. 成功地；顺利地 派生词：success n. 成功；successful adj. 成功的；succeed v. 成功； succeed in doing sth. 成功做某事 短语搭配：finish the work successfully 顺利完成工作；successfully solve the problem 成功解决问题 例句：He passed the exam successfully. 练一练：She ______ (successful) finished the task. 38. risk /rɪsk/ v. 使……冒风险(或面临危险) n. 危险；风险 派生词：risky adj. 有风险的；危险的；riskily adv. 冒险地；riskiness n. 冒险性 短语搭配：risk one's life 冒生命危险；take a risk 冒险 例句：He risked his life to save the child. 练一练：It's a big ______ (risk) to climb the mountain alone. 39. curiosity /ˌkjʊəriˈɒsəti/ n. 好奇心；求知欲 派生词：curious adj. 好奇的；curiously adv. 好奇地 短语搭配：out of curiosity 出于好奇；satisfy one's curiosity 满足好奇心 例句：Children are full of curiosity about the world. 练一练：His ______ (curious) made him ask many questions. 40. ambition /æmˈbɪʃn/ n. 追求的目标；野心；雄心 派生词：ambitious adj. 有野心的；有雄心的；ambitiously adv. 雄心勃勃地 短语搭配：a great ambition 远大的抱负；achieve one's ambition 实现抱负 例句：His ambition is to be a doctor. 练一练：She has a strong ______ (ambitious) to become a singer. 41. explorer /ɪkˈsplɔːrə(r)/ n. 探险者；勘探者 派生词：explore v. 探索；勘探；exploration n. 探索；勘探 短语搭配：a polar explorer 极地探险者；a space explorer 太空探险者 例句：Columbus was a famous explorer. 练一练：These ______ (explore) discovered a new island. 42. simply /ˈsɪmpli/ adv. 仅仅；只；简单地 派生词：simple adj. 简单的；simplify v. 使简化；simplicity n. 简单；朴素 短语搭配：simply put 简单地说；simply because 仅仅因为 例句：I simply want to have a rest. 练一练：He is ______ (simple) a student. 43. risky /ˈrɪski/ adj. 有危险(或风险)的 派生词：risk n./v. 风险；冒险；riskily adv. 冒险地；riskiness n. 冒险性 短语搭配：a risky plan 冒险的计划；risky behavior 危险行为 例句：It's risky to go out alone at night. 练一练：This is a ______ (risk) investment. 44. southern /ˈsʌðən/ adj. 南部的；向南的 派生词：south n. 南方；南部；southward adv./adj. 向南(的)；southerly adj./adv. 向南的(地) 短语搭配：southern China 中国南方；southern style 南方风格 例句：The southern part of the country is warm. 练一练：He comes from the ______ (south) part of the country. 45. located /ləʊˈkeɪtɪd/ adj. 位于；坐落在 派生词：locate v. 定位；位于；location n. 位置；地点；locating n. 定位 短语搭配：be located in/on/at 位于…… 例句：The school is located in the center of the city. 练一练：The museum is ______ (locate) near the park. 46. freshwater /ˈfreʃwɔːtə(r)/ adj. 淡水的；淡水中生长的 短语搭配：freshwater fish 淡水鱼；freshwater lake 淡水湖 例句：This is a freshwater river. 练一练：The ______ (淡水的) lake is very clean. 47. type /taɪp/ n. 类型；种类 派生词：type v. 打字；typist n. 打字员；typical adj. 典型的；typicality n. 典型性 短语搭配：a type of 一种类型的；different types of 不同类型的 练一练：There are many ______ (type) of flowers in the garden. 48. attract /əˈtrækt/ v. 吸引；招引；引起(反应) 派生词：attraction n. 吸引力；景点；attractive adj. 有吸引力的；attractively adv. 有吸引力地 短语搭配：attract one's attention 吸引某人的注意；attract tourists 吸引游客 例句：The beautiful scenery attracts many people. 练一练：The new movie ______ (attract) a lot of people. 49. curious /ˈkjʊəriəs/ adj. 好奇的；求知欲强的 派生词：curiosity n. 好奇心；curiously adv. 好奇地；curiousness n. 好奇 短语搭配：be curious about 对……好奇；a curious child 好奇的孩子 例句：He is curious about everything. 练一练：She is ______ (curiosity) about the new toy. 50. traveller /ˈtrævələ(r)/ (=traveler) n. 旅行者；游客 派生词：travel v./n. 旅行；traveling adj./n. 旅行(的)；travel agency 旅行社 短语搭配：a world traveller 环球旅行者；a space traveller 太空旅行者 例句：He is a traveller who has been to many countries. 练一练：The ______ (travel) visited many places of interest. 51. natural /ˈnætʃrəl/ adj. 自然的；天然的；天生的 派生词：nature n. 自然；天性；naturally adv. 自然地；天生地；naturalist n. 自然主义者 短语搭配：natural beauty 自然美景；natural resources 自然资源 例句：We should protect the natural environment. 练一练：It's ______ (nature) for a child to love his parents. 52. underwater /ˌʌndəˈwɔːtə(r)/ adj. 水下的；用于水下的 adv. 在水下 派生词：under prep. 在……下面；water n. 水；waterborne adj. 水上的；水传播的 短语搭配：underwater world 水下世界；swim underwater 在水下游泳 例句：We saw many fish in the underwater world. 练一练：The diver swam ______ (underwater) for five minutes. 53. northeastern /ˌnɔːθˈiːstən/ adj. 东北的；东北方向的 派生词：northeast n./adv./adj. 东北(的)；northeastward adv./adj. 向东北(的) 短语搭配：northeastern China 中国东北；northeastern part 东北部地区 例句：It's cold in the northeastern part of the country. 练一练：He comes from the ______ (northeast) part of the city. 54. coast /kəʊst/ n. 海岸；海滨 派生词：coastal adj. 沿海的；海岸的；coastline n. 海岸线；coastward adv./adj. 向海岸(的) 短语搭配：on the coast 在海岸上；a coastal city 海滨城市 例句：We walked along the coast. 练一练：The town is on the ______ (海岸). 55. coral /ˈkɒrəl/ n. 珊瑚；珊瑚虫 派生词：coral adj. 珊瑚色的；珊瑚的；coralline adj. 珊瑚的；像珊瑚的 短语搭配：coral reef 珊瑚礁；coral island 珊瑚岛 练一练：We saw many colorful ______ (coral) in the sea. 56. reef /riːf/ n. 礁；礁脉 短语搭配：coral reef 珊瑚礁；a reef of rocks 礁石群 例句：The Great Barrier Reef is famous in the world. 练一练：The ______ (礁) is home to many sea animals. 57. include /ɪnˈkluːd/ v. 包含；包括 派生词：including prep. 包括……在内；inclusion n. 包含；included adj. 被包括的 短语搭配：include sth. in sth. 把某物包含在某物中；including 包括……在内 例句：The price includes breakfast. 练一练：The team has 10 members, ______ (include) me. 58. sand /sænd/ n. 沙子 派生词：sandy adj. 沙质的；多沙的；sandiness n. 沙质；多沙；sand v. 用砂纸打磨 短语搭配：play with sand 玩沙子；a grain of sand 一粒沙子 例句：The beach is covered with white sand. 练一练：The road is ______ (sand) and difficult to walk on. 59. alive /əˈlaɪv/ adj. 活着；在世；有活力 派生词：live v. 生活；居住；adj. 活的；living adj./n. 活的；生计；lively adj. 活泼的 短语搭配：stay alive 活着；keep sb. alive 使某人活着 例句：The old man is still alive. 练一练：The fish is still ______ (live). 60. structure /ˈstrʌktʃə(r)/ n. 结构(体)；构造；体系 派生词：structural adj. 结构的；构造的 短语搭配：the structure of the body 身体结构；a social structure 社会结构 例句：We need to understand the structure of the sentence. 练一练：The ______ (structure) of the building is very special. 61. snorkel /ˈsnɔːkl/ v. 使用呼吸管潜泳 n.(浮潜用的)呼吸管 派生词：snorkeling n. 浮潜；snorkeler n. 浮潜者 短语搭配：go snorkeling 去浮潜；a snorkel mask 浮潜面罩 练一练：We ______ (snorkel) in the sea and saw many fish. 62. school /skuːl/ n.(鱼、鲸、海豚等的)群 派生词：school n. 学校；学派 短语搭配：a school of fish 一群鱼；a school of whales 一群鲸鱼 例句：We saw a school of dolphins in the sea. 练一练：Many______ (school) of fish swam past us. 63. turtle /ˈtɜːtl/ n. 海龟；龟 短语搭配：a sea turtle 海龟；a pet turtle 宠物龟 例句：We saw a big turtle on the beach. 练一练：The ______ (turtle) is a kind of ancient animal. 64. lifetime /ˈlaɪftaɪm/ n. 一生；终身 派生词：life n. 生命；生活；time n. 时间；lifelong adj. 终身的；毕生的 短语搭配：a lifetime job 终身职业；in one's lifetime 在某人的一生中 练一练：He spent his ___________(一生) studying the stars. 参考答案 1. wonders 2. measurement 3. square kilometres 4. below 5. level 6. surface 7. depth 8. diving 9. research 10. vessel 11. unusual 12. bottom 13. waterfalls 14. civilization 15. means 16. development 17. desert 18. cubic 19. miles 20. pool 21. climber 22. northern 23. distance 24. survive 25. conditions 26. degree 27. cliff 28. changeable 29. death 30. determined 31. above 32. teammates 33. shoulder 34. bit by bit 35. ladder 36. measures 37. successfully 38. risk 39. curiosity 40. ambition 41. explorers 42. simply 43. risky 44. southern 45. located 46. freshwater 47. types 48. attracts 49. curious 50. traveller 51. natural 52. underwater 53. northeastern 54. coast 55. corals 56. reef 57. including 58. sandy 59. alive 60. structure 61. snorkeled 62. schools 63. turtle 64. lifetime 同步练习 一、词性转化 1. ______ n. 奇观；惊叹；v. 琢磨；想知道；感到诧异 → ______ adj. 精彩的；绝妙的 → ______ adv. 精彩地；绝妙地 2. ______ n. 数量；测量 → ______ v. 测量；n. 措施 → ______ adj. 可测量的 3. ______ n. 深(度)；纵深 → ______ adj. 深的；adv. 深深地 → ______ v. 加深；深化 4. ______ v. & n. 潜水；跳水；俯冲 → ______ n. 潜水员；跳水运动员 → ______ n. 潜水(运动)；跳水(运动) 5. ______ v. & n. 研究；调查 → ______ n. 研究者；调研人员 6. ______ adj. 特别的；不寻常的 → ______ adj. 通常的；平常的 → ______ adv. 通常；平常 7. ______ (=civilisation) n. 文明 → ______ v. 使文明；使开化 → ______ adj. 文明的；开化的 8. ______ n. 发展；壮大 → ______ v. 发展；开发 → ______ adj. 发达的；成熟的 → ______ adj. 发展中的 9. ______ n. 沙漠；荒原 → ______ adj. 荒芜的；被遗弃的 10. ______ adj. 立方的 → ______ n. 立方体；立方 11. ______ n. 攀登者；登山者 → ______ v. 攀登；攀爬 → ______ n. 攀登(运动)；登山(运动) 12. ______ adj. 北部的；向北的 → ______ n. 北；北方；adj. 北方的；adv. 向北 13. ______ n. 距离；遥远 → ______ adj. 遥远的；远处的 → ______ adv. 遥远地；冷淡地 14. ______ v. 生存；存活；艰难度过 → ______ n. 生存；存活 → ______ n. 幸存者；生还者 15. ______ n. 状态；境况 → ______ adj. 有条件的；假定的 16. ______ adj. 可能变化的；易变的；常变的 → ______ v. 改变；变化；n. 变化；改变 17. ______ n. 死亡；毁灭；破灭 → ______ v. 死亡；消逝 → ______ adj. 死的；无生命的 → ______ adj. 致命的；致死的 18. ______ adj. 有决心的；坚决的 → ______ v. 决定；确定 → ______ n. 决心；果断 → ______ adv. 坚决地；果断地 19. ______ n. 同队队员；队友 → ______ n. 队；组；v. 组队；合作 20. ______ adv. 成功地；顺利地 → ______ v. 成功；达成 → ______ n. 成功；成就 → ______ adj. 成功的；有成效的 21. ______ v. 使…… 冒风险(或面临危险)；n. 危险；风险 → ______ adj. 有风险的；危险的 → ______ adv. 冒险地；危险地 22. ______ n. 好奇心；求知欲 → ______ adj. 好奇的；求知欲强的 → ______ adv. 好奇地；奇怪地 23. ______ n. 追求的目标；野心；雄心 → ______ adj. 有雄心的；有野心的 → ______ adv. 雄心勃勃地；热切地 24. ______ n. 探险者；勘探者 → ______ v. 探索；勘探 → ______ n. 探索；勘探 25. ______ adv. 仅仅；只；简单地 → ______ adj. 简单的；单纯的 → ______ n. 简单；单纯 26. ______ adj. 南部的；向南的 → ______ n. 南；南方；adj. 南方的；adv. 向南 27. ______ adj. 位于；坐落在 → ______ v. 定位；位于 → ______ n. 位置；地点 → ______ adj. 定位的 28. ______ n. 类型；种类；v. 打字；归类 → ______ n. 打字员；______ n. 打字机 29. ______ v. 吸引；招引；引起(反应) → ______ n. 吸引力；景点 → ______ adj. 有吸引力的；迷人的 30. ______ adj. 好奇的；求知欲强的 → ______ n. 好奇心；求知欲 → ______ adv. 好奇地；奇怪地 31. ______ (=traveler) n. 旅行者；游客 → ______ v. 旅行；游历；n. 旅行 → ______ adj. 旅行的；移动的 32. ______ adj. 自然的；天然的；天生的 → ______ n. 自然；天性 → ______ adv. 自然地；天生地 33. ______ adj. 东北的；东北方向的 → ______ n. 东北；东北方；adj. 东北的；adv. 向东北 34. ______ n. 海岸；海滨 → ______ adj. 沿海的；海岸的 35. ______ v. 包含；包括 → ______ n. 包含；加入 → ______ adj. 包含的；包括的 36. ______ n. 沙子 → ______ adj. 含沙的；沙质的 37. ______ n. 结构(体)；构造；体系 → ______ v. 构建；组织 → ______ adj. 结构的；构造的 二、根据括号里的汉语提示写出单词 1. The Great Pyramid is an ancient (奇观)of the world. 2. We need exact (测量)to build the model correctly. 3. The forest park is about 12 (平方公里)in size. 4. The valley lies (位于…下)the mountain. 5. The water (水位)in the lake is rising after the rain. 6. The (表面)of the moon is not smooth. 7. The (深度)of this well is over 30meters. 8. He wants to (潜水)in the Red Sea to see the coral. 9. She is doing (做研究)on how to clean ocean plastic. 10. A large v (大船)brought food to the remote island. 11. The (攀登者)helped the team climb the icy slope safely. 12. Harbin is in the (北方的)part of China. 13. The 距离between Beijing and Shanghai is about 1,300 km. 14. Some animals can 生存 in very cold conditions. 15. The weather 条件for camping were perfect yesterday. 16. The temperature rose to thirty-five (度数)at noon. 17. He almost slipped off the (悬崖)while taking a photo. 18. Mountain weather is very 变化无常的;you must be prepared. 19. The (死)of the hero climber saddened everyone. 20. She is very (有决心的)to win the competition. 三、用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空 1. It is (usual) to see him so excited; he is usually calm. 2. They discovered several (bottom)of ancient lakes in the desert. 3. Many tourists come to see the (瀑布) in this national park. 4. Several ancient (civilize) disappeared because of climate change. 5. Writing letters is an old but meaningful(mean) of communication. 6. The rapid (develop) of Al technology is amazing. 7. Many animals have special ways to survive in (沙漠) areas. 8. The room is 5 meters long,4 meters wide,and 3 meters high, so its_ (cube) volume is 60 cubic meters. 9. They walked (mile) through the forest without seeing anyone. 10. After the heavy rain, there were many (pool)of water on the street. 11. All her (teammate) cheered loudly when she won. 12. He hurt both (shoulder) in the accident. 13. She is improving her painting skills (gradual). 14. They needed two wooden (ladder) to reach the roof. 15. Last week, they (measure) the depth of the river. 16. They (success) completed the difficult task. 17. It is (risk) to swim here because of sharks. 18. Her (curious) about space led her to study astronomy. 19. He has many big (ambition) for the future. 参考答案 一、词性转化 1. wonder n. 奇观；惊叹；v. 琢磨；想知道；感到诧异 → wonderful adj. 精彩的；绝妙的 → wonderfully adv. 精彩地；绝妙地 2. measurement n. 数量；测量 → measure v. 测量；n. 措施 → measurable adj. 可测量的 3. depth n. 深(度)；纵深 → deep adj. 深的；adv. 深深地 → deepen v. 加深；深化 4. dive v. & n. 潜水；跳水；俯冲 → diver n. 潜水员；跳水运动员 → diving n. 潜水(运动)；跳水(运动) 5. research v. & n. 研究；调查 → researcher n. 研究者；调研人员 6. unusual adj. 特别的；不寻常的 → usual adj. 通常的；平常的 → usually adv. 通常；平常 7. civilization (=civilisation) n. 文明 → civilize v. 使文明；使开化 → civilized adj. 文明的；开化的 8. development n. 发展；壮大 → develop v. 发展；开发 → developed adj. 发达的；成熟的 → developing adj. 发展中的 9. desert n. 沙漠；荒原 → deserted adj. 荒芜的；被遗弃的 10. cubic adj. 立方的 → cube n. 立方体；立方 11. climber n. 攀登者；登山者 → climb v. 攀登；攀爬 → climbing n. 攀登(运动)；登山(运动) 12. northern adj. 北部的；向北的 → north n. 北；北方；adj. 北方的；adv. 向北 13. distance n. 距离；遥远 → distant adj. 遥远的；远处的 → distantly adv. 遥远地；冷淡地 14. survive v. 生存；存活；艰难度过 → survival n. 生存；存活 → survivor n. 幸存者；生还者 15. condition n. 状态；境况 → conditional adj. 有条件的；假定的 16. changeable adj. 可能变化的；易变的；常变的 → change v. 改变；变化；n. 变化；改变 17. death n. 死亡；毁灭；破灭 → die v. 死亡；消逝 → dead adj. 死的；无生命的 → deadly adj. 致命的；致死的 18. determined adj. 有决心的；坚决的 → determine v. 决定；确定 → determination n. 决心；果断 → determinately adv. 坚决地；果断地 19. teammate n. 同队队员；队友 → team n. 队；组；v. 组队；合作 20. successfully adv. 成功地；顺利地 → succeed v. 成功；达成 → success n. 成功；成就 → successful adj. 成功的；有成效的 21. risk v. 使…… 冒风险(或面临危险)；n. 危险；风险 → risky adj. 有风险的；危险的 → riskily adv. 冒险地；危险地 22. curiosity n. 好奇心；求知欲 → curious adj. 好奇的；求知欲强的 → curiously adv. 好奇地；奇怪地 23. ambition n. 追求的目标；野心；雄心 → ambitious adj. 有雄心的；有野心的 → ambitiously adv. 雄心勃勃地；热切地 24. explorer n. 探险者；勘探者 → explore v. 探索；勘探 → exploration n. 探索；勘探 25. simply adv. 仅仅；只；简单地 → simple adj. 简单的；单纯的 → simplicity n. 简单；单纯 26. southern adj. 南部的；向南的 → south n. 南；南方；adj. 南方的；adv. 向南 27. located adj. 位于；坐落在 → locate v. 定位；位于 → location n. 位置；地点 → locating adj. 定位的 28. type n. 类型；种类；v. 打字；归类 → typist n. 打字员；typewriter n. 打字机 29. attract v. 吸引；招引；引起(反应) → attraction n. 吸引力；景点 → attractive adj. 有吸引力的；迷人的 30. curious adj. 好奇的；求知欲强的 → curiosity n. 好奇心；求知欲 → curiously adv. 好奇地；奇怪地 31. traveller (=traveler) n. 旅行者；游客 → travel v. 旅行；游历；n. 旅行 → traveling adj. 旅行的；移动的 32. natural adj. 自然的；天然的；天生的 → nature n. 自然；天性 → naturally adv. 自然地；天生地 33. northeastern adj. 东北的；东北方向的 → northeast n. 东北；东北方；adj. 东北的；adv. 向东北 34. coast n. 海岸；海滨 → coastal adj. 沿海的；海岸的 35. include v. 包含；包括 → inclusion n. 包含；加入 → inclusive adj. 包含的；包括的 36. sand n. 沙子 → sandy adj. 含沙的；沙质的 37. structure n. 结构(体)；构造；体系 → structure v. 构建；组织 → structural adj. 结构的；构造的 二、根据括号里的汉语提示写出单词 1.  wonder(奇观) 2.  measurements(测量，用复数形式表各类测量数据) 3.  square kilometers(平方公里) 4.  below/beneath(山谷位于山下) 5.  level(水位) 6.  surface(表面) 7.  depth(深度) 8.  dive(潜水) 9.  research(做研究) 10. vessel (n. 大船；轮船。此处指运送食物的交通工具) 11. climber(攀登者) 12. northern(北方的，in the northern part of China 是固定表达) 13.  distance(距离，the distance between... 表示“……之间的距离”) 14. survive(生存，在严寒条件下生存) 15.  conditions(条件，weather conditions 指“天气条件”) 16. degrees(度数，温度的度数用复数形式) 17.  cliff(悬崖) 18.  changeable(多变的，山里的天气变化无常) 19.  death(死亡，the death of... 表示“……的死亡”) 20.  determined(有决心的，be determined to do 是固定搭配) 三、用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空 1.  unusual(不寻常的，他平时很冷静，所以兴奋是反常的) 2.  bottoms(湖底，several后接名词复数) 3.  waterfalls 4.  civilizations(文明，ancient后接名词，且several提示用复数) 5.  means(方式，a means of communication 是固定搭配) 6.  development(发展，rapid后接名词) 7.  desert(沙漠的，desert areas 是固定表达) 8.  cubic(立方的，cubic volume 指立方体积) 9.  miles(英里，walk miles 指走了数英里) 10.  pools(水洼，many后接名词复数) 11.  teammates(所有队友，用复数形式) 12. shoulders(两个肩膀，both 后接名词复数) 13. gradually(逐步地，用副词修饰动词 improve) 14. ladders(两个木梯子，用复数形式) 15. measured(上周测量，用一般过去时) 16. successfully(成功地完成，用副词修饰动词 completed) 17.  risky(危险的，it is risky to do 是固定句型) 18.  curiosity(好奇心，her 后接名词) 19.  ambitions(许多远大的志向，many 后接名词复数) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $