Unit 5 Section A Grammar Focus (4a-4d) 课件 2025-2026学年人教版八年级英语下册

Presentation Unit5 Nature’s Temper Section A What happens during a natural disaster? Grammar Focus (4a-4d) 语法课公开课 单元主题范畴：人与自我＆人与自然 单元主题内容：珍爱生命的意识；自然灾害与防范措施，人身安全与自我保护 (2024新版)人教版 八年级(下册) Presentation Learning Objectives 1.学生能识别并理解过去进行时（was/were + 现在分词）的结构，明确其表示过去某一时刻 / 时间段正在进行的动作; 学生能掌握 when 和 while 引导时间状语从句的用法区别（学习理解） 2.能够依据语法规则，正确完成when/while合并句子、语篇补全的练习；模仿创编“灾害经历交流”对话，合理融入目标语法，实现信息问答与意义表达；(学习理解，应用实践) 3.学生能了解自然灾害场景下的安全应对行为，增强自我保护意识。学生能通过描述灾害中的家庭互动，体会家人间的互助与温暖，培养珍惜当下的情感。(迁移创新) Presentation Look and say Look at the picture and answer the question. What is happening right now? It is raining heavily. A truck is driving on the street. Some people are walking in the water. A reporter is taking photos for the people. Presentation Look and say Look at the picture and answer the question. If this situation happened last week. Can you describe what was happening when the typhoon hit? It was raining heavily. A truck was driving on the street. Some people were walking in the water. A reporter was taking photos for the people. Presentation Think and say What’s the difference between these sentences? It is raining heavily. It was raining heavily. A truck is driving on the street. A truck was driving on the street. Some people are walking in the water. Some people were walking in the water. A reporter is taking photos for the people. A reporter was taking photos for the people. be+v-ing is used for actions happening now was/were+v-ing is for actions that were happening in the past present continuous tense（现在进行时） past continuous tense (过去进行时) Presentation Watch and say What were they doing when the typhoon hit? They were reading together when the typhoon hit. They were having dinner when the typhoon hit. He was driving back home when the typhoon hit. Presentation Please watch the video carefully and write down the actions of people. Watch and write Presentation Look and say When the accident happened, everyone shared their activities. I was mending my roof. I was making a phone call. I was playing my guitar. I was waiting for his friends and reading the newspaper. I was doing my homework. I was playing my flute. We were learning English. We were having a great party. I was working in my office. I was repairing my car. Presentation Think and say I was doing my homework. I was waiting for his friends and reading the newspaper. We were having a great party. I was playing my guitar. We were learning English. I was repairing my car. I was working in my office. I was mending my roof. I was making a phone call. I was playing my flute. When the accident happened, Can you find some rules? be 动词 动词ing形式 主语 was/were 过去进行时态的结构 过去进行时态的定义 表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间内正在进行 或发生的动作。 Presentation Read the sentences. Underline the verbs which show an ongoing action in the past. 4a Read and underline What were you doing while it was snowing heavily? I was travelling on the train then. What were your family doing when the typhoon hit? My children and I were reading together. When my neighbour called, my family were having dinner. We were driving home when the strong winds started. While we were driving home, the strong winds started. It was raining hard while we were driving back. Pay attention to the verbs form. What tense is it? Presentation Watch and fill That you were Romeo you______________pebbles And my daddy said stay away from Juliet And I _____________on the staircase Begging you please don't go And I said Romeo take me somewhere we can be alone I'll be waiting all there's left to do is run You'll be the prince and I'll be the princess It's a love story Baby just say yes were throwing was crying 过去进行时 was/were+doing Presentation 过去进行时的定义 Past Progressive Tense 核心定义 表示过去某个具体时间，或者过去某个时间段里，正在进行、正在发生的动作。 通俗理解 就像在拍视频，定格了过去某一刻正在发生的画面，不是完成的动作，是“正在做”的状态。 I was taking a shower at this time yesterday.(过去某个具体时间) I was doing my homework at six p.m. last Sunday.(同上) We were practicing English from seven to nine last night.(过去时间段) They were planting trees from nine to twelve yesterday.(同上) Look and say Presentation Watch and learn Past Progressive Tense 过去进行时 Presentation 过去进行时的用法 Past Progressive Tense Look and say 1. 表达过去某一具体时刻，正在做的事。 昨晚8点，我正和家人一起看电视。 铃声响起时，她正在教室里看小说。 At 8 o'clock last night, I was watching TV with my family. When the bell rang, she was reading a novel in the classroom. Presentation Look and say 2. 过去某段时间，一直持续做的事 昨天晚上7点到9点，我一直在做数学作业。 整个周末，他们都在为期末考试做准备。 From 7 to 9 yesterday evening, I was doing my math homework. All weekend, they were preparing for the final exam.   过去进行时的用法 Past Progressive Tense Presentation Look and say 过去进行时的用法 Past Progressive Tense 3. 两个过去动作同时发生（when/while引导） 我正在看书，而我的父母正在看电视。 铃响的时候，我们正在上英语课。 I was reading a book while my parents were watching TV. We were having an English class when the bell rang. When 和while 引导的时间状语从句中谓语动词有什么区别? Presentation 4a Read and think What were you doing while it was snowing heavily? I was travelling on the train then. What were your family doing when the typhoon hit? My children and I were reading together. When my neighbour called, my family were having dinner. We were driving home when the strong winds started. While we were driving home, the strong winds started. It was raining hard while we were driving back. Read the sentences and think about the usage and differences between when and while. Presentation Look and say Let's first learn about durative verbs(延续性动词) and non-durative verbs((非延续性动词). read study work stand know keep have wait watch sing sleep alive stay walk … 延续性动词（持续性动词） 表示能够延续的动作，这种动作可以长时间的延续下去或产生持久的影响。 非延续性动词（短暂性动词、瞬间动词） 表示不能够延续的动作，这种动作发生后立即结束。 begin close buy die come fail find finish go join kill leave lend lose sell start stop borrow… Presentation Look and say when引导的时间状语从句可以表示一个时间点, 也可以表示一个时间段。从句中可以用瞬间性动词，也可以用延续性动词。时态既可以用一般过去时，也可以用过去进行时。 when引导的时间状语从句 当山体滑坡发生时，天正下着大雨。 当野火在山间蔓延时，电力中断了。 It was raining heavily when the landslide happened. The power was cut off when the wildfire was spreading across the mountain. Past Progressive Tense Presentation Look and say when引导的时间状语从句 Past Progressive Tense I was walking to school when I saw a cat in a tree. When Sally arrived home, her mother was cleaning the house. I arrived at home while/when my mum was cooking. 主句：动作是持续性 从句：动作是短暂性 从句：动作是短暂性 主句：动作是持续性 主句：动作是短暂性 从句：动作是延续性 主句的动作是持续的，而从句的动作是短暂的，此时用_________ 引导时间状语从句，主句用___________时态，从句用___________时态。 when 过去进行 一般过去 主句的动作是短暂性的，从句的动作是持续性的，此时用_____________引导从句，主句用_________时态，从句用__________时态。 while/when 一般过去 过去进行 Presentation Look and say while引导的时间状语从句 Past Progressive Tense while引导的时间状语从句常指一个时间段，从句中的动词常为延续性的。while有时还可表示主句的动作与从句的动作同时发生。 他在等公交的时候，朋友叫住了他。 妈妈在做饭时，我正在写作业。 While he was waiting for the bus, his friend called him. While my mom was cooking, I was doing my homework. Presentation Look and say while引导的时间状语从句 Past Progressive Tense ______引导从句，主句用 __________时态，从句用________________。 While I was sleeping in the bedroom, my father came in . David fell while he was riding his bike. while 一般过去 主句：动作是短暂性 从句：动作是持续性 主句：动作是短暂性 从句：动作是持续性 过去进行时态 Presentation Look and say while引导的时间状语从句 Past Progressive Tense While Andy was waiting for the bus, he was reading a newspaper. He was cleaning his car while I was cooking. 主句和从句的动作在过去的某时刻或某段时间同时发生，而且动作都是 持续性的，此时用 _____引导从句，而且主句和从句都用 _________ 时态。 主句：动作是持续性 主句：动作是持续性 从句：动作是持续性 while 过去进行 从句：动作是持续性 Presentation Look and say when 和while的区别 Past Progressive Tense while后通常加过去进行时的句子 引导的时间状语从句 既可以指时间段，也可以指时间点 一般只指一段时间（时间段） 从句中的谓语动词 可以是延续性动词（如 wait, cook）也可以是瞬间性动词（如 happen, arrive） 只能是表状态的延续性动词（如 wait, read, run, rain） 常用时态搭配 when 后面通常加一般过去时的从句，有时候也可以加过去进行时的句子 while when Presentation Watch and learn when后可长亦可短， while后面只可长； 若是两边都为长， 中间while来帮忙; when多接一般过去时， while常跟进行时。 记忆口诀 注意：有时when可以代替while， 而while 则不能代替when。 Presentation Look and fill Fill in the blanks with when or while _______________ I was walking home, I saw a car accident. The phone rang _______________ I was taking a shower. _______________ the earthquake happened, people were sleeping. My mother was cooking _______________ my father was reading the newspaper. _______________ Tom was doing his homework, his friend came in. I was watching TV _______________ the lights went out. _______________ the teacher came into the classroom, the students were talking loudly. While while When while While when When Presentation Look and say Past Progressive Tense 过去进行时的结构 1. I was staying in my basement with my family. 2. She was sleeping in her bedroom when the tornado came. 3. I wasn’t feeling scared because we were safe in the basement. 4. What were you doing when the tornado hit yesterday? 5. Were you watching the news at that time? No, I wasn’t. 6. What were your parents doing while you were in the basement? 特殊疑问句 ____________ + 主语 + v-ing + 其他? 肯定回答：Yes, 主语+ was/were. 否定回答：No, 主语+ wasn't/weren't. 一般疑问句 ____________ + was/were + 主语 + v-ing + 其他? 肯定句 否定句 主语 + _________ + _______ +其他. 主语 + was/were + ____ + v-ing +其他. 句式 was/were v-ing not Was/Were 特殊疑问词 Presentation Look and say Look and say 过去进行时的标志词 Past Progressive Tense 1. at+具体时刻+过去时间(at five last Saturday)  昨晚 8 点，她正在看书。 She was reading a book at 8 o'clock last night. 2. at this time+过去时间(at this time; yesterday)  昨天这个时候，他们正在湖边野餐。 At this time yesterday, they were having a picnic by the lake. 3. 过去时间段(from nine to ten; last evening)  昨天早上 9 点到 11 点，他一直在为考试复习。 He was studying for the exam from 9 to 11 yesterday morning. Presentation Look and say 过去进行时的标志词 Past Progressive Tense 4. at that time/moment  那一刻，我正在和妈妈打电话。 I was talking to my mom on the phone at that moment. 5. while + 过去进行时句子 当……（持续动作） when + 过去时间点 / 过去简单句 当……（那一刻）时 爸爸做饭的时候，妈妈正在摆餐具。 While my dad was cooking, my mom was setting the table. 下雨的时候，我们正在公园里散步。 When the rain started, we were walking in the park. Presentation Watch and learn 一般过去时 过去进行时 Presentation Look and say 过去进行时与其它时态的区别 Past Progressive Tense 一般过去时 现在进行时态 过去进行时 用法 描述过去发生的动作 / 状态（已结束，与现在无关） 描述现在正在发生的动作 / 当前持续的状态 描述过去某个时间点 / 时间段正在发生的动作（强调 “当时正在做”） 构成 主语 + did（动词过去式） + 其他 主语 + am/is/are + doing（动词现在分词） 主语 + was/were + working（现在分词） 时间 nyesterday/last week/just now/in 2020 now/look/listen/at the moment at 8 o'clock last night/this time yesterday/when/while 引导的过去时间句 Presentation Look and fill 根据句意和时间标志词，用括号内动词的正确时态填空。 Tom ________ (watch) TV last night. He usually reads books at night, but yesterday he chose to relax.​ 2. Listen! Someone ____________ (sing) in the next room. It sounds like Lily.​ 3. What ________ you ________ (do) at 9 o’clock yesterday morning? I called you but no one answered.​ 4. My mother ________ (cook) dinner every evening, but tonight she ____________ (order) takeout because she’s busy.​ 5. When the rain ________ (start) yesterday afternoon, we _______________ (play) soccer on the playground watched is singing were doing cooks is ordering started were playing Presentation Look and combine 4b Combine each pair of sentences using when or while. 1. I did my homework. The typhoon landed on the coast. I was doing my homework when the typhoon landed on the coast. 2. The power went out. My father and I made dinner. My father and I were making dinner when the power went out. 3. Kate wrote a letter. Her brother called to warn her of the storm. Kate was writing a letter when her brother called to warn her of the storm. While/When I was doing my homework , the typhoon landed on the coast. 非延续性 延续性 While/When My father and I were making dinner, the power went out. While/When Kate was writing a letter ,her brother called to warn her of the storm. 延续性 非延续性 非延续性 延续性 Presentation Look and combine 4b Combine each pair of sentences using when or while. 4. My parents packed the supplies. I moved our things off the floor. My parents were packing the supplies while I was moving our things off the floor. 5. I slept soundly. It rained cats and dogs. I was sleeping soundly while it was raining cats and dogs. 延续性 延续性 延续性 延续性 常用的英语俚语， “倾盆大雨”。 Presentation Watch and say What natural disasters is this? It's a tornado. Let's read Jenny's story and see what her family was doing when the tornado hit. Presentation Read and complete 4c Complete the passage with was, were, when, or while. When Jenny looked up, thick black clouds were forming in the sky, and the rain ______ beating against their roof. “Quick, this way,” said Dad. The family ran to the safe room at once. ____________ they were waiting, Jenny's little sister started to cry. Dad gave her some chocolate and told her that they ______ hiding from an angry lion. Soon, she was laughing again. At last, the storm passed. ______ they stepped outside, they found the sun shining. People were asking one another if they were safe while some ______ starting to clear the streets. Jenny smiled. The tornado was scary, but it also brought everyone closer together. was While were When were Presentation Read and answer 4c Read the passage again and answer the questions. 1.What disaster did Jenny's family meet? 2.Were they safe during the disaster? How do you know? Who played a key role in the process? 3.What did Jenny's father compare the tornado to? Do you think a tornado is like an angry lion? In what ways are they alike? 4. What do you think of Jenny's father? 5.Why does the writer say "The tornado was scary, but it also brought everyone closer together."? They met a tornado. Yes, they were. They ran to the safe room. Jenny's father played a key role. He compared the tornado to an angry lion. Yes. Both are very scary and dangerous. calm responsible brave ... Because people work together and help each other after the tornado. It brought everyone closer together. Presentation Look and interview 4d Imagine that you are a reporter. Interview a member of Jenny's family and find out what he or she was doing around the time of the tornado. A: What were you doing when the tornado hit? B: My family and I were hiding in a safe room. A: What were you doing while you were waiting there? B: Oh, while I ... Time Interview questions Before the tornado During the tornado After the tornado Presentation Look and say Look and interview 4d Imagine that you are a reporter. Interview a member of Jenny's family and find out what he or she was doing around the time of the tornado. Before the tornado - How was the weather before the tornado hit? - Where were your family? During the tornado - What did you do when the tornado came near? - Who acted most quickly in your family? - Were you afraid of the tornado? Was any member of your family afraid of it? - How did your family members comfort each other? After the tornado - What was the weather like? - What did the people in your neighbourhood say to each other? - What did they do? - How do you feel about your family and your neighbourhood? Time Interview question Presentation Look and say Look and interview 4d Imagine that you are a reporter. Interview a member of Jenny's family and find out what he or she was doing around the time of the tornado. A: What were you doing when the tornado hit? B: My family and I were hiding in a safe room. A: What were you doing while you were waiting there? B: Oh, while I was holding my little sister, I was telling her a funny story. A: What was your mother doing while you were telling the story? B: She was checking the weather news on her phone. A: What were you doing when the tornado hit? B: My family and I were hiding in a safe room. A: What were you doing while you were waiting there? B: Oh, while my father was checking the door, I was looking for our emergency kit. A: What were you thinking when you heard the loud wind? B: I was thinking, “Will we be safe?” Presentation Watch and learn Presentation Look and say Though disasters are cruel, human kindness never fades. After every storm, a bright rainbow will surely shine again. 灾难无情人有情。 风雨过后，定有彩虹。 Learn the signs, be smart and brave — Stay prepared, a life you'll save. Presentation Class test 1. —What were you doing ______ the typhoon hit? —I was watching TV with my family. A. when B. while C. because D. until 2. My mother ______ dinner when the strong wind started. A. cooks B. is cooking C. was cooking D. cooked 3. We were driving home ______ it began to rain heavily. A. while B. when C. so D. but 4. ______ I was reading, my little sister was drawing beside me. A. When B. While C. Before D. After 5. The family ______ to the safe room when the tornado came. A. run B. ran C. were running D. runs 一、单项选择 Presentation Class test 二、选词填空。 Last night, a terrible (1) ______ hit our town. The wind was (2) ______ against the windows, and (3) ______ clouds covered the sky. I was sleeping (4) ______ when the storm began, but the noise woke (5)______ up. Suddenly, the (6) ______ went out, and everything was dark. My little sister was scared, so we (7) ______ under the bed. (8) ______ we were hiding, we could hear the rain pounding on the roof. My parents were in the living room. They (9) ______ trying to calm my baby brother. After the storm passed, we went outside. The streets were covered (10) ______ branches. I felt lucky that we were safe. That night, I didn't sleep soundly because I kept thinking about the storm. When I finally fell asleep, it was already morning. storm power soundly thick beat hide with while I were storm beating thick soundly me power hid while were with Presentation Must do: Copy 5 key sentences with when/while and past continuous tense (e.g., I was reading when the rain started). Choose to do: Draw a "safe room" for your family and label it in English (e.g., safe room, water, food). $So going. Say yes. Last night, a typhoon struck our city. Lets see what everyone was doing when IT hit. 怎么这个时候皇后。还没有过来回皇上话，皇后娘娘方才已经派人来过了，说他在打游戏，一会儿就过来。不等他了。今天镇郊中爱妃另一个时态，过去进行时。已经过去的时间还能进行动作吗？环环问的很好。所以过去进行时一般用在回忆过去发生的事。比如皇后刚才在打游戏，SHE was playing the games just now. 动词形式是be动词过去式加doing，描述过去某人正在进行的动作。这么简单的时态考试一般会怎么考呢？当两个动作都发生在过去，时间有长有短，长动词要用过去进行时，短动词用一般过去时。比如当镇教皇后的时候，她正在打游戏。SHE was playing games when I call her教室。一个短动词用一般过去时还是长动词用过去进行时？ null二哥温和歪了，都表示当什么什么时候应该。怎么区分呢？我昨天刷抖音的时候，看到曹丞相刚发的视频。他刚好讲了这个问题。问候可长亦可短，while后面只可长。若是两边都为长，中间while来帮忙。也就是说文后面接延续性动词或短暂性动词都可以。YO后面只能接延续性动词，若是两边都是延续性动词就必须用外了，就好比我温酒斩华雄，IQ华雄。And the wine was still warm when I came back. 这里came是个短暂性动词，所以要用when。 IT was nine o'clock in the morning. Everybody in the town was doing their own work, but suddenly. A car crashed into a tree. Everybody share this news with other people, they said. When the accident happened, I was doing my homework. I was playing my guitar. We were having a great party. I was looking around. I was repairing my car. I was waiting for my friend and reading the newspaper. I was working in my office. I was manning the roof. We were learning english. I was playing my flute. I was making a phone call. How can you prepare for . a toronto. Tornado s come with extreme wind speeds, in rare cases over four hundred kilometers per hour. They can be hard to see and may not have a visible fn al cloud. Large hail stones often occur during tornado s. Move to a safe location . and take cover. A small windless room on the lowest floor is the safest. If outside, climb ing to a ditch and protect your head and nap. Do not stay inside your vehm or try to out run a toronto. Stay tuned to your radio for updated information and follow instructions from authorities. Be prepared for tornado s . by signing up to receive alerts from your community's warning system and by having an emergency plan in place. 敖丙，今天我们来聊聊过去时和过去进行时吧。过去时表示完成的动作，比如l was train DS day，我昨天完成了训练。过去进行时表示过去正在进行的动作，i was training at this time yesterday, 昨天这个时候。我正在训练，完全正确。过去时强调动作已经完成。SHE is her work, 他完成了作业。过去进行时强调动作的持续性。SHE was doing when cold. 我打电话时，她正在写作业。原来如此，我明白了。