Unit4 Natural Disasters 单词讲解课件-2025-2026学年高中英语人教版必修第一册

Section Ⅱ Reading and Thinking —Comprehending 1 1.slide[slaɪd] vi. & vt. 使……滑行；滑动； n．滑动；滑道；滑梯；幻灯片 1> slide的过去式、过去分词是slid，slid[slɪd] 2> slide into/out of溜进/出…… slide sth into/out of悄悄把……放进/拿出 Eg: She ___________________while no one was looking. 她趁着没人注意溜出了房间。 Can you ___________________without the teacher seeing you? (溜进房间) 汽车在结冰的路面上打滑了。 slid out of the room slide into the room The car went into a slide on the icy road. 2 2. flood n. 洪水，大量v. 淹没，充满 a flood of=floods of 许多、大量 be flooded with 充满 flood in/into 大量涌入 flood out of sth. 蜂拥而出 翻译：1.街上污水横流。 2.他的部门收到了无数封抱怨信。 The streets were flooded with dirty water. His department got a flood of complaint letters. 3 3. rescue n.&vt. 营救；救援 rescuer n. 救援者 rescue worker 　　　　救援人员 come/ go to one’s rescue 援救某人 rescue ......from 把....从....解救出来 运 用 1. He was about to give up when they came __ his rescue. 2. The sisters were treated as local heroes after ________ (rescue) a two-year-old boy from drowning. 3. Helicopters rescued nearly 20 people the roof of the burning building. to rescuing from ① cause/do damage to…损害，给…带来毁坏 ② damage one’s reputation/health 毁坏名誉/健康 ③ be badly damaged 遭受严重损害 (1) A number of __________ (damage) houses and roads in the earthquake have been repaired up to now. (2) A number of typhoons have caused great damage _____ parts of Asia in recent years. 4. damage n. & v. 破坏，损坏 do harm to=be harmful to= be bad for damaged to 6 5. destroy vt.摧毁，毁灭 destruction n(U)破坏，毁坏 destructive adj.破坏性的，造成破坏的 Eg.1. With more forests __________ (destroy), huge quantities of good earth are being washed away each year. 2.Many people are very concerned about the ____________(destroy) of the rainforests. destroyed destruction 词义辨析：damage, destroy和ruin ◆ damage 的名词和动词都侧重“损”，表示可修复，常和badly、seriously等副词搭配； ◆ destroy 侧重“毁”，表示不可修复，不复存在，常和entirely、completely等副词搭配； ◆ ruin 侧重“毁坏”，使美好的事物失去用途或优良特性，但此物仍然存在，不可恢复。 头发经常烫、染，容易损伤（damage）头发，需要做护理修复。烫坏、烫焦，头发就毁（destroy）了 ，只能剪掉。做个美美的发型出门，遇到大雨，头发还在，但发型被毁（ruin）了。 选词填空：damage/destroy/ruin 1. You have ________ my bike; you’d better get it repaired. 2. My car was ___________ in an accident, so I have to buy a new one. 3. To our disappointment, the bad weather _______ our trip. 4. The accident caused some _________ to my car, but it’s nothing serious. damaged destroyed ruined damage 6. death n. 死，死亡 die v. 死→dead adj. 死了的→deadly adj. 致命的→dying adj.垂死的→die a hero’s death英勇牺牲 7. shelter n. 避难处；v.保护、躲避 under the shelter of 在…的庇护之下 shelter sb./sth. from 保护…免受 10 8.affect vt 影响，(疾病)侵袭，深深打动 (1)affection n.喜爱,钟爱(不可数) affections 爱慕，爱情 I feel a lot of affection for my mother. (2)effect n.影响;结果;效果 have an effect/influence on/upon 对……产生影响 (3)be affected by 受……的影响;被……感动 be affected with 感染……疾病 12 9.as if 好像；似乎；仿佛 as if 表语从句(放在look/seem等系动词后) It seems as if it is going to rain. 方式状语从句 The child talked to us as if he were a grown-up. = as though as if 引导从句通常使用陈述语气或者虚拟语气 1）陈述语气：当说话者认为句子所述的是真实的或极有可能发生或存在的事实时。 It sounds as if it is raining. 2） 虚拟语气：当说话人认为句子所述的是不真实的或极少有可能发生或存在的情况时。 注意：此时从句谓语动词时态的变化 a) 表示与现在事实相反，谓语动词用一般过去式。 You look as if you didn’t care. b) 表示与过去发生的事实相反，谓语动词用“had +过去分词”。 He talked about the Great Wall as if he had been there before. c) 表示与将来事实相反，谓语动词用“would / could / might + 动词原形”。 It looks as if it might snow.  请用所给单词的正确形式填空 1. He talks as if he _____ drunk. (be) 2. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it _______ broken. (be) 3. The girl listened as if she _______________ to stone. (turn) 4. He opens his mouth as if he _________ something. (say) was were had been turned would say 10. ruin n. & vt. 破坏；损坏 be/lie in ruins 成为废墟；破败不堪 go to ruin 毁灭；破产 the ruins of sth 遗址；某物的残余部分 ruin one’s future/health 毁掉某人的前程/健康 ruin oneself自我毁灭 4)With time going on,the castle which once was very beautiful is now completely 　　　　　ruins.  in　 17 11.Percent n百分之…(单复数相同) Percentage 百分率，百分比 Eg：1.Ten percent of students are absent today. 2. About 30 percent of the land is covered in forest. 1.The percentage of the students is 46. 2.The percentage of the water is 46. 12. shock n. 震惊；令人震惊的事；休克 vt. (使) 震惊 shocking adj.令人震惊的 shocked adj.人感到震惊的 in shock 处于震惊中 be shocked at/by 对……感到震惊 be shocked to do sth 因某事而吃惊 1.这个消息让这个可怜的女孩震惊了，她开始哭了起来。 The girl was shocked _______the news and she started to cry. 2.I looked at my husband_____ shock, waiting for him to tell me that I misunderstand everything. 3.I was shocked 　　　　　　　(hear)that our factory would have to close.  at/by in to hear 13.trap vt 使落入险境；使落入圈套 n 险境，陷阱 20 bury one’s face in hands 双手掩面 bury one’s head in the sand 逃避现实 bury oneself in 埋头于；沉浸于 be buried in 埋头于；专心于 14. bury vt. 埋葬；安葬 1._______ (bury) in his study, he wasn't aware that all the others had left. 2.________ (bury) his face in his hands, he tried to control his weeping. Buried Burying pay attention to=fix/focus on =put one’s heart into=be absorbed in ① take a deep breath 深呼吸 ② out of breath 上气不接下气 ③ hold one’s breath 屏住呼吸 15. breathe [briːð] vi/vt 呼吸 breath[breθ] n. 呼吸 breathless adj. 气喘吁吁的 翻译：他深吸一口气，跳进了河里。 ① breathe in 吸气 ② breathe out 呼气 He took a deep breath and jumped into the river. 22 16.revive vt/vi复活，（使）苏醒 revival n.振兴，复苏 类似变形： arrive---arrival approve--approval dispose--disposal propose--proposal refuse--refusal survive-survival ① make efforts/an effort to do sth. 尽力做某事 ② make every effort to do sth. 尽全力做某事 ③ with effort 努力地，艰难地 4) spare no effort to do sth 不遗余力地做某事 17. effort n. 努力，艰难的尝试，尽力 ①Parents arrange everything for their children and spare no effort 　　　　　(pave)the way for their success.  ②I dislike people who don’t make 　　　　　effort.  ③The company has laid off 150 workers in an effort______　　 　(save) money.  to pave an　 to save 24 18.suffer vt 遭受，蒙受 vi (因疾病,痛苦,悲伤)受苦 (1)suffering n.痛苦;苦恼;让人痛苦的事 (2)sufferer n.受难者;患病者 (3)suffer from 受……折磨;患……病 ①People of the disaster area suffered a lot 　　　the typhoon.  ②The old man is said to have gone through varieties of 　　　　　___________(suffer) during the war.  ③Mary 　　　　　　　(suffer) from ill health at the moment.  from　 sufferings　 is suffering　 ①The disease is beginning to affect his eyesight． 疾病开始侵袭他的视力。 ②As far as I’m concerned, staying up late every day is certain __________ (affect) your health seriously． 就我而言，每天熬夜一定会严重影响你的健康。 ③___________ (affect) by the moving story, he burst into tears． 受这个感人故事的影响，他哭了起来。 ④As we all know, smoking has a bad effect _________ our health． 众所周知，吸烟对我们的健康有不好的影响。 to affect Affected on ①The ancient temple has been in ruins and needs repairing． 这座古老的庙宇已经破败不堪，需要修理。 ②Drunk­driving not only ruined ___________ (he) but also killed several passers­by． 醉驾不仅毁掉了他自己还导致几位路人死亡。 ③Heavy smoking ___________ (ruin) your health, so you should give up smoking． 吸烟过量损害健康，因此你应该戒烟。 himself ruins (1)fall into a trap 落入圈套 (2)be trapped in 困在……中；陷在……中 trap sb．into (doing) sth． 诱使某人做某事 ①If you choose this way, you’re likely to fall into a trap． 如果你选择这条路，你很有可能会落入圈套。 ②There was a power failure, they _________________ (trap) in the lift． 停电了，他们被困在电梯里。 ③By clever questioning they trapped him ___________ telling the truth． 他们用巧妙的提问诱使他说了实话。 were trapped into $