2026年译林版中考英语重要知识点梳理

2026译林版中考重要知识点梳理 （一）常考形近短语 1.look 短语 look after 照料；照顾 look around 环顾 look at 看 look back 回顾 look for 寻找；寻求 look forward to 盼望；期待 look like 看起来像 look out 注意；当心；向外看 look over 仔细检查；查看 look through 快速查看；浏览 look up 查阅；抬头看 look up to 钦佩；仰慕 2.cut 短语 cut down 砍倒；减少 cut off 切除 cut out 删除；删去 cut up 切碎（断） cut in 插嘴 cut into 打断 3.run 短语 run after 追逐；追赶 run away 跑开 run out (of) 用尽；耗尽 4.turn 短语 turn around 转身 turn down 关小；拒绝；调低 turn up 开大；调高；出现 turn...into 变成 turn on 接通（电流、煤气、水等）；打开 turn off 关掉 turn out 结果是；被证明是 turn over 翻身；翻转 turn left/right 向左/右转 5.take 短语 take after （外貌或行为）像 take away 拿走 take care of 照顾；处理 take down 往下拽；记录；拆毁 take in 吸入；吞入（体内） take off 脱下；起飞 take on 承担；呈现 take out 切除；摘除；掏出；倒（垃圾） take over 接收；接管 take part in 参加 take pride in 以......为骄傲 take place 发生；出现 take up （尤指为消遣）学着做；开始做；占用（空间） 6.get 短语 get away from 远离 get back 回来；恢复；取回；重新上台 get down 下来 get dressed 穿上衣服 get from 从......处得到 get into 陷入；参与 get lost 迷路 get off 动身；下车；脱下（衣服等） get on 上车 get on/along with 与.......相处 get out 离开；出去；泄露 get ready for...为......做准备 get to 到达 get up 起床；站起 get over 克服 7.use 短语 be/get used to 习惯于 be used to do 被用来做...... used to do 曾经......;过去...... be used for doing 被用来做 8.give 短语 give away 赠送；捐赠 give back 还给；归还；恢复（健康等） give out 分发；散发 give up 放弃 give in 屈服 give off 发出（光、气味等） 9.call 短语 call (sb.) back （给某人）回电话 call in 召来；叫来 call up 打电话给（某人）；征召 10.come 短语 come across （偶然）遇见（或发现） come along （意外地）出现；进展 come back 回来；回想起 come down 降落；落下 come from 出生于；来自 come into 进入 come in 进来；到达 come on 加油；快点儿；得了吧 come out 开花；出版 come over 顺便来访 come true 实现；成为现实 come up 出来；上升 come up with 想出；提出（主意、计划等） 11. bring 短语 bring back 恢复；使想起；归还 bring up 养育；抚养 bring out 使显现；使表现出 12. fall 短语 fall asleep 进入梦乡；睡着 fall down 突然倒下；跌倒；倒塌 fall in love with 爱上；喜欢上 fall over 绊倒 13.go 短语 go after 追求；设法获得 go against 反对；设法获得 go ahead 继续；干吧 go along (the street)沿着（这条街）走 go around 到处走动；传开 go away 走开 go back 回去 go by 从旁经过；时间流逝 go down 下降 go off （闹铃）发出响声 go on 继续 go out 外出（娱乐）；熄灭 go over 走过去；复习；仔细检查 go through 经历；浏览；翻阅；通过 go up 上涨；上升 go with 伴随；与......相配 14.make 短语 make sure 确保；查明 make up 编造（故事、谎言等） make a decision 做决定 make fun of 取笑 make use of 利用 15.put 短语 put back 放回原处 put down 写下；放下 put on 增加（体重）；上演；穿上（衣服） put off 推迟 put up 搭建；举起；张贴 put away 收拾（整理）好 put sth. to good use 好好利用某物 put out 熄灭 put up with 容忍 16.set 短语 set off 动身；出发 set out 出发；启程 set up 建起；建立 17.keep 短语 keep on 继续；穿着......不脱 keep off 不接近；避开 keep up （with）保持；继续；不低落；不落后 keep away from 避免接近；远离 keep in mind 记住 keep in touch with 和......保持联系 keep out of 置身于......之外 同一副词或介词与不同动词的搭配 1.up 短语 bring up 提出；养育 cheer up (使)变得更高兴；振奋起来 clean up 打扫（或清除）干净 dress up 打扮 end up 最终成为；最后处于 fix up 修理；装饰 pick up 捡起；接电话；（开车）接某人 fill up 装满；填补 grow up 长大；成熟 hang up 挂断电话 hurry up 赶快；急忙 make up 编造；组成；化妆 wake up 醒来；叫醒 mix up 混合在一起 show up 如约赶到；露面 stand up 站立 stay up 熬夜 tidy up 整理 use up 用光 2.out 短语 blow out 吹灭 break out 爆发 carry out 执行 check out 察看；观察 clear out 清理；丢掉 find out 查明；弄清 hand out 分发 hang out 闲逛；常去某处 lay out 摆开；布置 leave out 不包括；不提及；忽略 point out 指出 sell out 卖光 set out 出发；启程 try out 选拔；试验 work out 成功地发展；解决 3.down 短语 break down 停止运转；出故障 calm down 镇静下来 die down 逐渐变弱；逐渐消失 fall down 倒塌；摔倒 look down 往下看；瞧不起 let ... down 使失望 pull ... down 拆下；摧毁 lie down 躺下 sit down 坐下 write down 写下；记录下 4.with 短语 agree with 同意；赞成 begin with 以......开始 catch up with 赶上（或超过） compare ... with... 比较；对比 connect... with... 把......和......连接或联系起来 deal with 应付；处理 end up with 以......结束 share with 和......分享 talk with 和......交谈 part with 放弃；交出（尤指不舍得的东西） 5.about 短语 argue about 争论 think about 考虑 care about 关心 hear about 听说 know/ learn about 了解 talk about 谈论；议论 walk about 四处走动 worry about 担心 6.for 短语 search for 搜索；查找 ask for 请求 leave for 为..... 动身去 pay for 为......付钱 prepare for 为...... 做准备 wait for 等待 stand for 代表 thanks for 因为......而感谢 7.on 短语 hold on 等一等（别挂电话） agree on 对......意见一致 call on 访问；拜访 decide on 决定；选定 depend on (upon) 倚靠；依赖；视......而定；取决于 try on 试穿 pass on 传递 work on 从事；忙于live/feed on... 以......为食；靠......为生 不同动词的不同搭配 arrive at 到达 blow away 吹走 believe in 信任；信赖 clean... off 把......擦掉 divide ... into 把......分成 separate from 分开；分离 hear from 接到（某人的）信、电话等 throw away 扔掉；抛弃 drop by 顺便访问；随便进入 laugh at 嘲笑 move away 搬走 stick to 坚持；固守 pay attention to 注意；关注 pass by 路过；经过 pull together 齐心协力；通力合作 shut off 关闭；停止运转 take sb’s place 代替、替换某人的位置 think of 认为；想起 * 后接动词不定式作宾语的常见动词（短语）（如：afford to do sth. 负担得起做某事） afford 负担得起 agree 同意 begin 开始 choose 选择 decide 决定 expect 期望 fail 未做到 hope 希望 learn 学习 like 喜欢 manage 设法做成 offer 主动提出 plan 计划 prepare 准备 promise 承诺 refuse 拒绝 start 开始 try 努力 wish 希望 would like 想要 * 后接动词不定式作宾语补足语的常见动词 （如：allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事） allow 允许 ask 要求 advise 建议 encourage 鼓励 expect 期望 force 强迫 help 帮助 invite 邀请 order 命令 remind 提醒 require 要求 teach 教 tell 告诉 want 想要 warn 警告 wish 希望 * 后接动名词作宾语的常见动词（短语） （如：avoid doing sth. 避免做某事） advise/suggest 建议 avoid 避免 consider 考虑 enjoy 喜欢 finish 完成 imagine 想象 keep 坚持 mind 介意 miss 错过 admit 承认 practice 练习 risk 冒险 stand 忍受 feel like 想要 succeed in 成功 give up 放弃 be busy 忙于 be good at 擅长 be interested in 对......感兴趣 can’t help 禁不止 put off 推迟 devote to... 致力于...... be worth ... 值得...... keep on ... 继续 spend time (in) doing 花费时间做 stop / prevent sb. from doing sth. 防止/阻止某人做...... have fun / trouble / problem / difficulty (in) ... 做......有乐趣/麻烦/问题/困难 * to作介词，后接动名词作宾语的常见动词短语 be / get / become used to 习惯于 hold on to 守住；保住 stick to 坚持 lead to 导致；引起；通向 turn to 求助于 look forward to 盼望；期待 look up to 敬仰；尊敬 pay attention to 注意 （二）重点句型梳理 1. welcome to sp欢迎到某地 Eg. Welcome to China. 2. What’s the matter with sb./ sth?出什么毛病了？ Eg. What’s the matter with your watch? 3. be different from 与---不同 Eg. The weather in Beijing is different from that of Nanjing. 4. be the same as 与……相同 Eg. His trousers are the same as mine. 5. be friendly to sb. 对某人友好 Eg. Mr. Wang is very friendly to us. 6. want to do sth. 想做某事 Eg. I want to go to school. 7. want sb. to do sth. 想让某人做某事 Eg. I want my son to go to school. 8. what to do做什么 Eg. We don’t know what to do next. 9. let sb. do sth. 让某人做某事 Eg. Let him enter the room. 10. let sb. not do sth. 让某人不做某事 Eg. Let him not stand in the rain. 11. why don’t you do sth?怎么不做某事呢？ Eg. Why don’t you play football with us? 12. why not do sth.? 怎么不做某事呢？ Eg. Why not play football with us? 13. make sb. sth. 为某人制造某物 Eg. My father made me a kite. 14. make sth for sb. 为某人制造某物 Eg. My father made a kite for me. 15. What …mean by …？做……是什么意思？ Eg. What do you mean by doing that? 16. like doing sth. 喜爱做某事 Eg. Jim likes swimming. 17. like to do sth.喜爱做某事 Eg. He doesn’t like to swim now. 18. feel like doing sth. 想做某事 Eg. I feel like eating bananas. 19. would like to do sth. 愿意做某事　 Eg. Would you like to go rowing with me? 20. would like sb. to do sth. 愿意某人做某事 Eg. I’d like you to stay with me tonight. 21. make sb. do sth. 逼使某人做某事　 Eg. His brother often makes him stay in the sun. 22. let sb. do sth.让某人做某事 Eg. Let me sing a song for you. 23. have sb. do sth. 使某人做某事 Eg. You shouldn’t have the students work so hard. 24. be far from sp离某地远 Eg. His school is far from his home. 25. be near to sp离某地近 Eg. The hospital is near to the post office. 26. be good at sth./doing sth.擅长某事/做某事 Eg. We are good at English.They are good at boating. 27. It takes sb. some time to do sth.某人花多少时间做某事 Eg. It took me more than a year to learn to draw a beautiful horse in five minutes. 28. sb. spends some time/money （in ）doing sth.某人花多少时间做某事 Eg. I spent twenty years in writing the novel. 29. sb. spends some time/money on sth.某事花了某人多少时间/金钱 Eg. Jim spent 1000 yuan on the bike. 30. sth. costs sb. some money.　某物花了某人多少钱　 Eg. The bike cost Jim 1000 yuan. 31. sb. pays some money for sth.某人为某物付了多少钱 Eg. Jim paid 1000 yuan for the bike. 32. begin/start with sth. 开始做某事 Eg. The started the meeting with a song. 33. be going to do sth. 打算做某事 Eg. We are going to study in Japan. 34. call A B叫A B Eg. They called the village Gumtree. 35. thank sb. for sth./doing sth.感谢某人做某事 Eg. Thank you for your help.Thank you for helping me. 36. What ……for? 为什么 Eg. What do you learn English for? 37. How/ what about doing sth.？做某事怎么样？ Eg. How about going fishing? 38. S +be+ the+最高级+of/in短语 Eg. Lucy is the tallest in her class. 39. S + be +比较级+than any other + n. Eg. Lucy is taller than any other student in her class. 40. have to do sth.不得不做某事 Eg. I have to go home now. 41. had better do sth. 最好做某事 Eg. You’d better study hard at English. 42. had better not do sth. 最好别做某事 Eg. You’d better not stay up. 43. help sb. to do sth. 帮助某人做某事 Eg. Lucy often helps Lily to wash her clothes. 44. help sb. do sth.帮助某人做某事 Eg. He usually helps me learn English. 45. help sb. with sth. 帮助某人做某事 Eg. I sometimes help my mother with the housework. 46. make it +时间把时间定在几点 Eg. Let’s make it 8:30. 47. take sb. to sp带某人到某地 Eg. Mr. Wang will take us to the Summer Palace next Sunday. 49. have nothing to do （with sb）　与某人没有关系 Eg. That has nothing to do with me. 50. 主语+ don’t think + 从句认为……不…… Eg. I don’t think it will rain tomorrow. 51. It’s + adj.+ for sb. to do sth. 做某事对某人来说怎么样 Eg. It is lucky for you to go to London. 52. How + adj/ adv + 主+ 谓！多么……啊！ Eg. How beautiful the flower is! 53. what + a/an + adj + [ ] + 主+ 谓！ Eg. What an beautiful flower it is! 54. What + adj+ pl./[u] +主+ 谓！ Eg. What bad weather it is today! 55. find it + adj+ to do sth. 发现做某事如何 Eg. I find it hard to speak English well! 56. ask sb. for sth. 向某人要某物 Eg. They often ask me for money. 57. need to do sth. 需要做某事 Eg. You need to study hard. 58. need sth需要某物 Eg. I don’t need your money. 59. use A to do B用A来做B Eg. We use pens to write. 60. show sb. sth给某人看某物= show sth. to sb. 把某物给某人看 Eg. Please show me the map. = Please show the map to me. 61. pass sb. sth. 把某物递给某人= pass sth. to sb.把某物递给某人 Eg. Pass me the cup of tea. = Pass the cup of tea to me. 62. buy sb. sth. 为某人买某物 = buy sth. for sb. 为某人买某物 Eg. Mother bought me a bike. = Mother bought a bike for me. 63. give sb. sth把某物给某人= give sth. to sb. 把某物给某人 Eg. Jim gave me an English dictionary. = Jim gave an English dictionary to me. 64. get to sp达到某地 Eg. I got to Beijing on the morning of May 1st. 65. arrive at /in sp 达到某地 Eg. I arrived in Beijing on the morning of May 1st. 66. reach sp达到某地 Eg. I reached Beijing on the morning of May 1st. 67. hope to do sth.希望某人做某事 Eg. I hope to see you soon. 68. there is sth. wrong with sth./sb. 某物出设么毛病了 Eg. There is something wrong my car. 69. sth. is wrong with ……某物出设么毛病了 Eg. Something is wrong with my car. 70. How do you like sth?你认为……怎么样？= What do you think of sth.?你认为……怎么样？ Eg. How do you like Beijing? = What do you think of Beijing? 76. start doing sth. 开始做某事 Eg. I started learning English in 1983. 77. start to do sth.开始做某事 Eg. I started to watch TV after finishing my homework. 78. finish doing sth. 完成作某事 Eg. I finished cleaning my car just now. 79. enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事 Eg. They all enjoy living and working in China. 80. What / when / where / who / something / anything / nothing else ……别的什么/何时/何地/谁…… Eg. What else do you want to buy?/Where else have you gone?/Who else have you played with? I have nothing else to tell you.　Would you like something else? 81. forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事了 Eg. I forgot turning off the lights. Look, it is dark in the room. 82. forget to do sth. 忘了做某事了 Eg. I forgot to turn off the lights.Could you go back and shut the off? 83. remember doing sth. 记得做过某事了 Eg. I remembered returning your money. You are so forgetful. 84. remember to do sth. 记住做某事 Eg. Remember to bring me some money. I’ve run out of it. 85. stop to do sth.停下来去做某事 Eg. He stopped to talk with Mary when she enter the office. 86. stop doing sth. 停止做某事 Eg. The students stopped talking when the teachet came in. 87. watch/see/hear sb. do sth.观看/看见/听见某人做某事 Eg. I saw you pick an apple just now. 88. watch/see/hear sb. doing sth.观看/看见/听见某人在做某事 Eg. I saw you playing basketball with your classmates on the playground last Sunday. 89. go on doing sth. 继续做谋事 Eg. He went on reading after a short rest. 90.go on to do sth. 继续做谋事 Eg. He went on to read after finishing wash the dishes. 91. go on with sth. 继续某事 Eg. He went on with his work after a short rest. 92. say hello/goodbye to sb. 向某人告别 Eg.I came to say good-bye to you. 93. be busy doing sth. 忙于做某事 Eg. They are busy planting trees on the hill. 94. be interested in sth. 对某事感兴趣 Eg. English is very interesting. We are all interested in it. 95. tell sb. to do sth. 告诉某人做某事 Eg. Mother told me to go shopping with her. 96. ask sb. to do sth. 请某人做某事 Eg. Jim ask me to go rowing with him. 97. call/ring sb. up给某人打电话 Eg. I will call you up tommow. 98. be ready to do sth. 准备做某事 Eg. We are ready to have lunch. 99. go doing sth. 去做某事 Eg. Let’s go fishing. 100. prefer A/doing A to B/doing B 喜欢A/做A而非B/做B Eg. Lucy prefers English to French. I prefer staying at home to going to the cinema. 同步练习 一、单项选择 1. Paris, a romantic city, is chosen to be ________ host of the 2024 Olympic Games． A. a B. an C. / D. the 2. It’s important for parents to put such dangerous things like knives ________ the reach of children. A in B. within C. beyond D. over 3. Don’t ________ your child with others because every child is a treasure. A. compare B. complain C. contact D. consider 4. ________ you can’t work out the problem, perhaps you need to ask your classmates for help. A. Unless B. Though C. Since D. Whether 5. I am a fan of Liu Qian. _____ his magic ________ his humor attracts me. A. Both… and B. Either…or C. Neither…nor D. Not only… but also 6. —Coffee or tea, Frank? —Coffee, please. To get relaxed, ________ is better than a cup of coffee. A. nothing B. anything C. something D. everything 7. He will ________ his plan to visit his grandmother this Sunday. A. break out B. find out C. come out D. carry out 8. Mr. Brown ________ his hometown since he joined the army. A. has left B. left C. has been away D. has been away from 9. —Must I give back the book now? —I’m afraid you _______. But you can renew it according to the library rules. A. need B. can C. may D. have to 10. —The hamburgers are much smaller than ________ in the advertisements. . —So they are! That may be the Art of Advertising. A. that B. those C. one D. ones 11. —Where is John? —I’m not sure. He ________ the violin in the music room when I saw him just now. A. plays B. will play C. is playing D. was playing 12. —Can I play football for some time Mum? —You can, if your homework ______. A will do B. does C. is done D. will be done 13. The teacher asked the students ________. A. that they had planted trees B. when was Spud Web born C. how they would do with the computers D. if they were interested in dinosaurs 14. —Good news! Judy came first in our school’s dancing competition. —________. Judy was dancing every time I saw her. A. Practice makes perfect B. Every dog has its day C. Many hands make light work D. The early bird catches the worm 15. —How about going to the library this afternoon? —________ Reading is my therapy. A. Are you kidding? B. You got me there. C. Don’t you know? D. You read my mind. 二、完形填空 One of my earliest memories is playing “shops” with my granddad when I was 5 years old. After ___16___ school at 15, I worked in a fruit shop, but I had no ___17___ of how to run my own shop back then. Several years later, I got married. My husband Eric and I heard about a shop for sale in the nearby village. We had a look and decided to have a shop of our own. That was January 1973. We were a bit ___18___ at shopkeeping, so we often didn’t know what the ___19___ were asking for. But we soon learned. You can tell by the weather how ___20___ it’s going to be. On wet days there are very few people around, and when it’s ___21___, people want bread and milk, as they’re worried about being snowed in. When it’s hot, everyone buys cold drinks and ice cream. More people shop online nowadays, but they still come here for things ___22___ from their order. I’ve kept up with technology and have a card reader, but the shop itself hasn’t changed much. Now, as I’m getting older, it’s open from 7 am to 6 pm on weekdays, ___23___ closing at 8:30 pm. However, I open until 2 pm at weekends. Eric passed away 16 years ago, but I am ___24___ getting rid of the shop. I love it all—talking to the customers and getting ___25___ they want. There are customers who come in two or three times a day, and we see several generations of families. Customers often tell me their ___26___ and I offer advice if I can. It was the 50th anniversary (周年纪念) of the shop on January 13 this year. I wanted to do something ___27___, so I held a party and had drinks and nibbles (小吃) with customers. I also ___28___ a book about my memories in the shop. It’s called Just Ask Jenny, as I’m always the first port of call when anyone wants to know ___29___. This shop has been my life. I never ____30____ I’d still be here after 50 years, but I love it and the people. It’s what keeps me going, and I’ve got no plan of retiring (退休). 16.A. leaving B. going to C. visiting D. changing 17.A. choice B. time C. decision D. idea 18.A. good B. fresh C. experienced D. disappointed 19.A. market B. sellers C. users D. customers 20.A. common B. expensive C. cold D. busy 21.A. snowy B. rainy C. windy D. sunny 22.A. appearing B. coming C. missing D. producing 23.A. as a result of B. because of C. in favor of D. instead of 24.A. always B. never C. seldom D. often 25.A. what B. how C. that D. which 26.A. suggestions B. questions C. problems D. puzzles 27.A. traditional B. historical C. changeable D. special 28.A. read B. wrote C. borrowed D. learned 29.A. anything B. everything C. nothing D. no thing 30.A. imagined B. hoped C. experienced D. worked 三、阅读理解 (A) Win a Two-hour GoBoat Trip Are you ready to set sail? If so, you could win a boat trip for you, your family and friends! GoBoat is an environment-friendly boating company. We want to show our guests a good time on the waters in and around big cities. You can jump on a fully-electric (全电动的) boat from one of four locations and enjoy a special and exciting experience! Groups of up to eight can board each boat and all boats welcome children and even dogs! You will receive full and clear instructions before you set off, so don’t worry if you haven’t sailed before. The boats travel at speeds of up to 4 miles per hour, so you can enjoy some of London’s attractions from a new view, including Hampton Court Palace (Kingston), London Docklands (Canary Wharf), Little Venice and Camden Lock (Paddington), or explore historic canals (运河) at the new location—Birmingham. We’re giving away a two-hour GoBoat trip in a location of your choice. Explore the U.K.’s waterways with your friends and family and enjoy an unforgettable experience together. There will be THREE lucky winners! To be in with a chance of winning, just answer this question… What should you wear on a boat to stay safe? A. Sunglasses  B. Life jacket  C. Jeans *Competition closes on June 2, 2024. *Remember to always ask a parent or guardian before filling in forms online. *Winners will receive a free two-hour GoBoat ticket valid (有效的) through the second half of 2024. 31. How long does the boat trip last? A. Two hours. B. Three hours. C. One day. D. Half a year. 32. To win the chance of getting a free GoBoat trip, you should ________. A. take sunglasses with you B. promise to travel alone C. finish your application by July 2 D. correctly answer the question 33. The article above is most likely to be ________. A. a book cover B. an online advertisement C. an information leaflet D. a sports newspaper (B) In our daily lives, we often follow the same routines (日常作息): getting up, going to school or work, eating, and going to bed. Sounds familiar? But what if something unusual or unexpected happens? That’s what I experienced one evening in April 2023 on my way home from work. As I was riding my bike home in the evening, I saw a big scruffy (邋遢的) dog with orange and white fur. It looked sad and lost, simply sitting in the middle of the road by a pedestrian crossing. It seemed unsure of what to do as it lay down and stared at the passing traffic. Nobody seemed to mind the dog either, only passing him by at a distance. At first, I also crossed over to the other side, hoping that somebody else would care for the dog. But, realizing that the dog might suddenly get up and walk into traffic, I decided I must do something to help the dog. When the light changed, I saw my opportunity. I used my bike to guide the dog to a street corner, blocking the way to keep it safe from passing cars. Slowly but surely, I was able to encourage the dog to keep walking until finally, we both made it to the sidewalk. I messaged a dog shelter group to let them know about the dog’s whereabouts. Yet, by the time I turned to it again, the dog was gone. Sometimes we don’t know what we will find or see in our daily lives. Still, what matters is how we react to them. Despite how shy I normally am in these situations, I am glad I found the courage to help a dog in need, even if just for a moment. 34. What unusual event did the writer experience one evening in April 2023? A. Falling off his bike unexpectedly. B. Helping a dog on the road. C. Giving a hand at a traffic accident. D. Seeing a guide dog for the first time. 35. How did the writer react at the first sight of the dog? A. He passed it without minding much. B. He called a dog shelter for help at once. C. He tried to guide the dog to safety. D. He watched the dog crossing the road. 36. Why did the writer use his bike to block the way? A. To prevent the dog from walking away. B. To warn passers-by not to get close. C. To stop cars getting too close. D. To hold the dog for the light change. 37. What does the writer want to tell us with his experience? A. Be calm for unexpected events. B. Take action even if others do not. C. Be brave to look for help in hard times. D. It takes courage to help animals. (C) As soon as Bassanio and Graziano left for Venice, Portia Arold Lorenzo said that she and Nerissa were going to stay in a convent until their husbands came back. She told him she wanted to prepare herself for marriage. She asked Lorenzo and Jessica to look after the palace and the servants until she came back. Lorenzo was very happy to do this for her. He thought she was a very wise and kind woman. “Bassanio was lucky to have her for his wife,” he said. Portia said she agreed to let Bassanio go to Venice because Antonio’s letter showed her that he must be a very good man. Portia and Nerissa, however, were not going to a convent. Portia had a different plan, but she did not want to tell Lorenzo and Jessica what it was. It was a secret. She called one of her servants. She told him to go to Padua and find her friend, Bellario. She gave him a letter to give to Bellario. “He will give you something I need to bring back to me,” she said. “Bring them to the ship that goes to Venice. Hurry! I will be at the ship before you get there.” The servant hurried away with the letter, and Portia called Nerissa. “Come on, Nerissa,” she said, “we are going to see our husbands sooner than they think.” She told Nerissa that their husbands would not recognize them because they were going to disguise themselves as men. “I know how to behave like a man,” she said. “I will wear a dagger and walk like a man. I will talk about the battles I have won. I will tell lies about the women who fell in love with me. I’ll tell people that I refused their love and that they cried and that some of them even died of sadness. I’ll say that I’m sad about causing them to die, and everyone will believe that I am a man.” ——Taken from The Merchant of Venice 38. What is the correct order of the following events according to the passage? a. Portia asked Lorenzo and Jessica to look after the palace. b. Portia said that she and Nerissa were going to stay in a convent. c. Portia told Nerissa that they would go to Venice disguised as men. d. Portia sent a letter with her servant to her friend Bellario. e. Portia told the servant to meet her at the ship to Venice. A. b a e c d B. b d e c a C. b a d e c D. b d a c e 39. Why did Portia agree to let Bassanio go to Venice? A. Because the debt was his and he should pay it. B. Because she knew that Antonio was a good man. C. Because she needed time to prepare for the wedding. D. Because she wanted to get rid of Bassanio. 40. Which of the following would Bellario most probably give to the servant to hand to Portia? A. A letter. B. A ring. C. A ship. D. Men’s clothes. 41 What does the passage mainly tell us? A. Portia will marry Bassanio. B. Bassanio will help Antonio. C. Portia has a plan. D. Portia will go to Padua with Nerissa. 1. 【答案】D 【详解】句意：巴黎，一个浪漫的城市，被选为2024年奥运会的主办城市。 考查冠词辨析。a一个，不定冠词，表泛指，用于以辅音音素开头的单词前；an一个，不定冠词，表泛指，用于以元音音素开头的单词前；/零冠词；the定冠词，表特指。根据“host of the 2024 Olympic Games.”可知，2024年奥运会主办城市，表示特指。故选D。 2. 【答案】C 【详解】句意：父母把刀子这样的危险物品放在孩子们够不着的地方是很重要的。 考查介词辨析。in在……内；within在……内；beyond超出；over超过，多于。根据“dangerous things like knives...the reach of children”和常识可知，危险物品要放在孩子够不到的地方，beyond the reach of“超出……的范围”。故选C。 3.【答案】A 【详解】句意：不要拿你的孩子和别人比较，因为每个孩子都是一种财富。 考查动词辨析。compare比较；complain抱怨；contact联系；consider考虑。根据“Don’t…your child with others”可知，此处是compare…with…短语，意为“拿……跟……比较”，故选A。 4. 【答案】C 【详解】句意：既然你解不出这道题，也许你需要向你的同学求助。 考查连词辨析。Unless除非；Though尽管；Since既然，由于；Whether是否。“you can’t work out the problem”是向同学求助的原因，用Since引导原因状语从句。故选C。 5. 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我是刘谦的粉丝。不仅是他的魔术，而且他的幽默也吸引了我。 考查主谓一致的用法。A两者都；B两者之一；C两者都不；D两者都。Both… and连接主语时，谓语用复数，而句子中用的是单数attracts；Not only… but also连接主语时，谓语遵循“就近原则”。故选D。 6. 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——咖啡还是茶，弗兰克？——请给我咖啡。要想放松，没有什么比一杯咖啡更好的了。 考查复合不定代词辨析。nothing没有；anything任何东西；something某些东西；everything一切东西。根据“is better than a cup of coffee”可知，没有比一杯咖啡更好的了，形容词比较级+否定词表达最高级的含义；故选A。 7. 【答案】D 【详解】句意：他将执行他的计划，这个星期天去看望他的祖母。 考查短语辨析。break out爆发；find out搞清楚；come out出版；carry out执行。根据“his plan”可知，是执行计划，因此carry out符合句意。故选D。 8. 【答案】D 【详解】句意：布朗先生自从参军以来就离开了家乡。 考查现在完成时。has left已经离开，left为短暂性动词；left离开，一般过去时；has been away已经离开，延续性动词，后面不能直接加地点；has been away from已经离开某地，是延续性动词。根据“since he joined the army”可知since引导的时间状语从句，从句用一般过去时，主句用现在完成时，且动词要用延续性动词。leave是短暂性动词，be away from是延续性动词。故选D。 9. 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——我现在必须把书还回去吗？——恐怕你必须这样做。但是根据图书馆规则您可以续订它。 考查情态动词辨析。need需要；can可以；may可能；have to不得不。根据题干可知是回答情态动词must提问的句子，根据“I’m afraid you ”可知表示“恐怕……”，应用have to。故选D。 10. 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——这些汉堡包比广告上的小得多。——他们就是这样！这也许就是广告艺术。 考查代词辨析。that指代同名异物，表特指；those指代同名异物，表特指，复数；one指代指代同名异物，表示泛指；ones指代指代同名异物，表示泛指，复数。由“The hamburgers”可知此处特指复数名词“汉堡包”，故应用those。故选B。 11. 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——约翰在哪里？ ——我不确定。刚才当我看见他的时候，他正在音乐室里拉小提琴。 考查过去进行时。本句是when引导的时间状语从句，从句是一般过去时，主句描述的是过去正在发生的事情，则应用过去进行时，其结构是：主语+was/were doing。故选D。 12. 【答案】C 【详解】句意： ——妈妈，我可以踢一会儿足球吗？——如果你的作业做完了，你就可以去。 考查动词时态和语态。该句为if引导的条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则，从句用一般现在时；主语your homework与动词do构成被动关系，所以此处应用一般现在时的被动语态“be done”，故选C。 13. 【答案】D 【详解】句意：老师问学生们是否对恐龙感兴趣。 考查宾语从句。分析句子结构并结合选项可知，空处所在句为宾语从句，从句要用陈述语序，所以可排除B选项；主句时态是一般过去时，从句也应该相应用过去时形式，ask含有疑问的语气，用if引导宾语从句。故选D。 14.【答案】A 【详解】句意：——好消息！朱迪在我们学校的舞蹈比赛中得了第一名。——熟能生巧。我每次看到她朱迪都在跳舞。 考查情景交际。Practice makes perfect熟能生巧；Every dog has its day凡人皆有得意日；Many hands make light work人多好办事；The early bird catches the worm早起的鸟儿有虫吃。根据“Judy was dancing every time I saw her”可知每次看到她，她都在练习跳舞，可见熟能生巧。故选A。 15. 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——今天下午去图书馆怎么样？——你知我心。阅读是我的治疗方法。 考查情景交际。Are you kidding你在开玩笑吧；You got me there你难住我了；Don’t you know难道你不知道；You read my mind你知我心。根据“How about going to the library this afternoon?”可知，此处表建议，结合“Reading is my therapy.”可知，此处为肯定回答，表示赞同。故选D。 【答案】16. A 17. D 18. B 19. D 20. D 21. A 22. C 23. D 24. B 25. A 26. C 27. D 28. B 29. A 30. A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者开店的经历。 【16题详解】 句意：15岁离开学校后，我在一家水果店工作，但当时我不知道如何经营自己的店。 leaving离开；going to去，到达；visiting参观；changing改变。根据“I worked in a fruit shop”可知，作者不再上学，开始工作了，因此是离开学校。故选A。 【17题详解】 句意：15岁离开学校后，我在一家水果店工作，但当时我不知道如何经营自己的店。 choice选择；time时间；decision决定；idea主意。根据“but”可知，此处是指尽管作者在水果店工作，但不知道如何经营自己的店，have no idea“不知道”，固定搭配。故选D。 【18题详解】 句意：我们在开店方面有点生疏，所以我们常常不知道顾客想要什么。 good好的；fresh新的；experienced有经验的；disappointed失望的。根据下文“But we soon learned.”可知，此处是指作者开店是新手，没有经验。故选B。 【19题详解】 句意：我们在开店方面有点生疏，所以我们常常不知道顾客想要什么。 market市场；sellers卖方；users使用者；customers顾客。根据语境和下文“Customers often tell me their...”可知，此处是指作者不知道顾客想要什么。故选D。 【20题详解】 句意：看天气就知道会有多忙。 common常见的；expensive昂贵的；cold冷的；busy忙碌的。根据下文“On wet days there are very few people around”和“When it’s hot, everyone buys cold drinks and ice cream.”可知，忙不忙，店里人多不多要看天气，故选D。 【21题详解】 句意：在下雨天，周围的人很少，当下雪的时候，人们想要面包和牛奶，因为他们担心被大雪困住。 snowy下雪的；rainy下雨的；windy多风的；sunny晴朗的。根据“as they’re worried about being snowed in”可知，是指下雪天，故选A。 【22题详解】 句意：现在越来越多的人在网上购物，但他们仍然会来这里购买订单中缺失的东西。 appearing出现；coming来；missing错过，缺少；producing生产。根据“but they still come here for things...from their order.”可知，人们仍然到商店里来购买他们购物单上缺少的东西。故选C。 【23题详解】 句意：现在，随着我年龄的增长，在工作日从早上7点开到下午6点，而不是晚上8点半关门。 as a result of由于；because of因为；in favor of赞成；instead of而不是。根据“it’s open from 7 am...closing at 8:30 pm”可知，此处是指现在关门时间是下午6点，而不是之前的晚上8点半。故选D。 【24题详解】 句意：埃里克16年前就去世了，但我永远也不会把这家店卖掉。 always总是；never绝不会；seldom几乎不；often经常。根据后文可知，作者一直继续开着这个店，因此不会放弃这个店。故选B。 【25题详解】 句意：我喜欢它的一切——通过与顾客交谈，得到他们想要的东西。 what什么；how如何；that那个；which哪一个。分析句子结构可知，此处是指给顾客得到他们想买的物品，考查宾语从句，应用what引导从句，同时what在从句作宾语。故选A。 【26题详解】 句意：顾客经常告诉我他们的问题，如果可以的话，我也会提供建议。 suggestions建议；questions问题；problems问题；puzzles迷惑。根据“I offer advice if I can.”可知，这里是指顾客的棘手问题，这些问题是需要解决的，应用problems。故选C。 【27题详解】 句意：我想做一些特别的事情，所以我举办了一个聚会，和顾客一起喝饮料、吃零食。 traditional传统的；historical历史的；changeable可变的；special特殊的。根据下文“so I held a party and had drinks and snacks with customers”可知，此处是指作者想做点特别的事情来庆祝开店50周年。故选D。 【28题详解】 句意：我还写了一本关于我在店里的回忆的书。 read阅读；wrote写；borrowed借；learned学习。根据“a book about my memories in the shop.”可知，作者还写了一本书，故选B。 【29题详解】 句意：这本书叫《Just Ask Jenny》，因为任何人想知道任何事，我都是第一个想到的人。 anything任何事；everything一切；nothing没有什么；no thing没有东西。根据“anyone wants to know”可知，是指任何人想要知道任何事，作者都是第一个被想到的人，故选A。 【30题详解】 句意：我从没想过50年后我还会在这里，但我喜欢这里和这里的人。 imagined想象；hoped希望；experienced体验；worked工作。结合语境可知，作者最初不懂经营小店，慢慢学习经营之道；即使丈夫去世，也未想过放弃，也从未想象过50年后还生活在这里，未来作者还会继续在这里开店，因为作者喜欢这里，喜欢这里的人。故选A。 【答案】31. A 32. D 33. B 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了一个有奖答题活动，只要能正确回答问题，就有机会赢得两个小时的免费的游艇之旅， 将会有三个幸运的中奖者。 【31题详解】 细节理解题。根据“We’re giving away a two-hour GoBoat trip in a location of your choice.”可知，游艇旅行长达2小时。故选A。 【32题详解】 细节理解题。根据“To be in with a chance of winning, just answer this question…”可知，想要赢得游艇旅行的机会，要先正确回答一个问题。故选D。 【33题详解】 推理判断题。根据“Are you ready to set sail? If so, you could win a boat trip for you, your family and friends!”以及全文内容可知，本文是一则广告。故选B。 【答案】34. B 35. A 36. C 37. B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了在一天晚上，作者帮助了一只狗狗的不寻常经历。 【34题详解】 细节理解题。根据“When the light changed, I saw my opportunity. I used my bike to guide the dog to a street corner, blocking the way to keep it safe from passing cars.”可知，作者在这一天的经历是在路上帮助了一只狗狗。故选B。 【35题详解】 细节理解题。根据“At first, I also crossed over to the other side, hoping that somebody else would care for the dog.”可知，作者看到狗后，先是正常地过马路。故选A。 【36题详解】 细节理解题。根据“I used my bike to guide the dog to a street corner, blocking the way to keep it safe from passing cars.”可知，作者用自行车挡住路是为了保护狗狗的安全，让它远离过往的汽车。故选C。 【37题详解】 主旨大意题。根据“Sometimes we don’t know what we will find or see in our daily lives. Still, what matters is how we react to them. Despite how shy I normally am in these situations, I am glad I found the courage to help a dog in need, even if just for a moment.”可知，作者用自身的经历告诉我们，即使别人没有采取行动，你也要采取行动帮助他人。故选B。 【答案】38. C 39. B 40. D 41. C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。节选自《威尼斯商人》，主要讲述了波西亚女扮男装去威尼斯的计划。 【38题详解】 篇章结构题。根据“As soon as Bassanio and Graziano left for Venice, Portia Arold Lorenzo said that she and Nerissa were going to stay in a convent until their husbands came back.”可知，波西亚和尼丽莎要住在一所修道院，直到她们的丈夫回来；根据“She asked Lorenzo and Jessica to look after the palace and the servants until she came back.”可知，波西亚让洛伦佐和杰西卡照看宫殿和仆人，直到她回来；根据“She called one of her servants. She told him to go to Padua and find her friend, Bellario. She gave him a letter to give to Bellario.”可知，波西亚给她的朋友巴萨尼奥写了一封信，让她的仆人送去；根据“Bring them to the ship that goes to Venice. Hurry! I will be at the ship before you get there.”可知，波西亚让仆人在去威尼斯的船上等她；根据“I will wear a dagger and walk like a man.”可知，波西亚告诉尼丽莎，她们将乔装成男人去威尼斯。故选C。 【39题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Portia said she agreed to let Bassanio go to Venice because Antonio’s letter showed her that he must be a very good man.”可知，波西亚说她同意让巴萨尼奥去威尼斯，因为安东尼奥的信向她表明他一定是个很好的人。故选B。 【40题详解】 推理判断题。根据“He will give you something I need to bring back to me,”和“I will wear a dagger and walk like a man.”可知，波西亚将乔装成男人去威尼斯，由此可猜测，巴萨尼奥会让仆人带给她男装。故选D。 【41题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，短文主要讲述了波西亚女扮男装去威尼斯的计划。故选C。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $