2026年中考英语语法专题 数词课件

专题四 数 词 专题四 数 词 ■考点一 基数词 1. 基数词的构成 构 成 示 例 0~12需单独记忆 zero, one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, eleven, twelve 13~19：词尾均为-teen thirteen, fourteen, fifteen, sixteen, seventeen, eighteen, nineteen 20~90：整十词尾均为-ty twenty, thirty, forty, fifty, sixty, seventy, eighty, ninety 21~99：非整十数的基数词需在十位和个位之间加连字符 twenty-one, thirty-two,forty-three, fifty-four, sixty-five, seventy-six, eighty-seven, ninety-eight,ninety-nine 101~999：需在百位数和十/个位数之间用and连接 one hundred and eight, three hundred and fifty-six 百，千，百万，十亿 hundred, thousand, million, billion 续表 2. 基数词的用法 用 法 示 例 表示数量 two pencils 两支铅笔 表示年份 in 2024 在2024年 表示年代 in the 1980s 在 20 世纪 80 年代 表示时刻 整点：基数词+o’clock→five o’clock 5点钟 几点过几分（分钟≤30），用介词past→ten past nine 9:10 差几分到几点（分钟≥30），用介词to→ten to nine 8:50 续表 表示年龄 阿拉伯数字/基数词（＞1）+years old→three years old 三岁 at the age of+基数词→at the age of nine 9岁时 in one’s+整十数的复数形式→in Mary’s twenties 在玛丽20多岁时 表顺序和 编号 名词+基数词（二者首字母大写）→Lesson Eight 第八课 Room 201 201号房间 表长、宽、高等 基数词+单位词（meter/ foot等）+形容词（long/ wide/ high等）→two meters long 2米长 续表 表长、宽、高等 基数词+单位词+in+名词（length/ width/ height/ weight等）→twenty kilos in weight 20公斤重 表示距离 基数词+里程单位→three kilometers 3 公里 基数词+时间单位的所有格形式+交通方式→ten minutes’ walk 步行十分钟 基数词-名词单数（－形容词）→ａ five-minute walk 步行五分钟 3. 概数词的用法 （１）表示确切的数字（具体数字+概数词+名词复数） hundred, thousand, million等词与具体的数字one, two...等连用时，要用单数形式。 （2）表示不确切的数字（概数词-s+of+名词复数） hundred, thousand, million等词与of连用，要用复数形式，但前面不能再加数字。 分析河北近几年中考真题可以看出，对于基数词和序数词，主要在短文填空中考查词形转换。针对这类试题，当括号里给出的词是基数词时，一般考虑变为序数词。 考点追踪 1. ［25·广元改编］ My old grandfather is in his _________ (ninety), but he can still do some gardening and look after himself well. 2. _____________ (thousand) of visitors come to the park to smell the flowers and enjoy the view at the weekend. 3. There are _________ (five) students in my class, 24 boys and 26 girls. 4. Please turn to Page _________ (eight) and take a look at the picture on it. nineties Thousands fifty Eight ■考点二 序数词 构 成 示 例 1~3需单独记忆 one→first, two→second, three→third 4~19：由相应的基数词加-th构成 four→fourth, five→fifth, seven→seventh 20~90中整十的序数词：由其对应的基数词变结尾字母y为ie，再加-th构成 twenty→twentieth thirty→thirtieth forty→fortieth fifty→fiftieth eighty→eightieth 1. 序数词的构成 续表 2. 序数词的用法 21~99中非整十的序数词：将其个位数上的基数词变为序数词 twenty-one→twenty-first twenty-three→twenty-third fifty-eight→fifty-eighth 用 法 示 例 加定冠词the表顺序 on the third day 第三天 表示日期 年用基数词，日用序数词→January 15th, 2025 续表 a/ an+序数词+名词，表示“又一，再一” We’ll go over it a second time. 我们将再检查一遍。 物品编号 the+序数词+名词→the eighth lesson 第八课 表示世纪 in the+序数词+century→in the 21st century 在21世纪 形容词性物主代词+序数词+名词 Music is my fifth class in the timetable today. 音乐是我今天时间表上的第五节课。 考点追踪 1. Grain Rain often starts in April, the _________ (four) month of the year. 2. I failed the first jump in the competition and the coach let me have a _________ (two) try. 3. They got into the lift and went up to the shop on the _________ (twelve) floor. 4. Could you please pass me the _________ (seven) dictionary from the right on the shelf? fourth second twelfth seventh 5. In the running test, David was the _________ (five) to pass the finish line. Before him, there were 4 students. 6. The Chongyang Festival is celebrated on the _________ (nine) day of Lunar September as a day to show respect for the elders. fifth ninth ■考点三 分数和百分数的表达 名 称 用 法 示 例 分数 分子用基数词，分母用序数词，分子大于1时，分母加-s。基数词与序数词之间可加“-”，也可不加。 1/5 one fifth; 5/7 five sevenths, five-sevenths 百分数 表示百分数时，直接将基数词放在单词percent前即可。 twenty percent 百分之二十； thirty-five percent 百分之三十五 注意：分数和百分数作主语时，应用以下结构：分数/百分数+ of (+限定词)+名词/代词，其谓语动词与of后的名词或代词在人称和数上保持一致。 考点追踪 1. Forests, covering a _________ (three) of the land area, help keep the planet clean and healthy. 2. It is a good habit for my cousin to spend two _________ (five) of his money buying books every year. 3. Plants are important to our daily lives. Just 12 plant species (物种) provide three _________ (four) of the world’s food. third fifths fourths 短文填空。 Chinese people have used wind power for 1. _________ (thousand) of years. Wind power is very clean resource of energy. Now we use it to make electricity mainly. Wind makes windmills spin (风车旋转). When the windmills spin, they make electricity. It is said that there are 2. _________ (million) of windmills in the world now. Why is wind power so popular? 3. _________ (one), it’s clean. Windmills don’t pollute the environment at all. 4. _________ (two), we can use wind power forever because there is always wind in nature. Wind power is becoming more and more common. thousands millions First Second $