2026年中考英语语法专题 冠词课件

专题三 冠 词 ■考点一 不定冠词a/ an 不定冠词 a/ an 的基本用法 （1）用于第一次提到的某人或某物前。如： This is a book. 这是一本书。 （2）泛指某一类人或事物中的一个或一类。如：Bill is a doctor. 比尔是一名医生。 （3）用于序数词前，表示“又一；再一”。如： I tried a second time. 我又试了一次。 （4）用于可视为一个整体的两个名词前。如： a knife and fork 一副刀叉 （5）表示“每一”，相当于every。如： Take this medicine three times a day. 这种药每天服用三次。 （6）指人或事物的某一类别，以区别于其他种类，一般不翻译。如： A plane is a machine that can fly. 飞机是一种能飞的机器。 （7）用在某些物质名词或抽象名词前，表示“一阵、一份、一类、一场”等。如： There will be a strong wind in South China. 在华南将有一场大风。 （8）用在what, such, half, many, quite等词之后。如： such a hot day 如此炎热的一天 （9）用于某些词组中。如： a few几个；a little一点； a lot of许多；a kind of一种； a number of许多；in a sense在某种意义上； in a word总而言之；in a moment立刻，一会儿； in a hurry匆忙；half an hour半小时； as a result因此；as a whole总体来说； after a while过一会儿；all of a sudden突然地； make a face做鬼脸；make a living谋生； make a speech做演讲；make a mistake犯错； make an apology道歉；make a wish许愿； have a look看一看；have a try试一试； have a cold感冒；have a rest休息； have a word with sb. 与某人交谈； take an interest in对……感兴趣； take a photo拍照；come to an end结束 易错提醒 不定冠词a, an的区别 a用于以辅音音素开头的单词前，an用于以元音音素开头的单词前。下面将常见的以元音字母开头的单词用a还是an的情况归纳如下： A a an apple, an artist, an aunt, an Asian country, an American girl E e a European country, an egg, an eight-year-old boy, an eleven-year-old girl I i an idea, an interesting story O o an orange, an old man, an outgoing girl 续表 U u a useful book, a university student, a UFO, a usual story, an umbrella, an ugly man, an uncle, an unusual story, an unhappy boy 特别 记忆 不规则：an hour, an honest man, an honor 以元音音素开头的字母：a, e, f, h, i, l, m, n, o, r, s, x 考点追踪 1. ［25·天津改编］ Mary usually rides _________ bike to school. Sometimes she also goes by bus. 2. She saw _________ accident when she went to work yesterday morning. 3. Father’s love seems like _________ mountain. He always hides love deep at the bottom of his heart. 4. Mrs. Green usually tells _________ interesting story before her little daughter sleeps. 5. Here is _________ useful Chinese-English dictionary. Is the dictionary yours? 6. There is _________ eraser on the floor. Whose is it? a an a an a an ■考点二 定冠词the 定冠词the用于不可数名词、可数名词单（复）数前，表示某个或某些特定的人或事物。 1. 用于双方都知道的人或物前。如： Give me the book, please. 请把那本书给我。 2. 指一类人或事物中特定的人或事物。如： Do you know the girl in red? She is Jim’s sister. 你认识那个穿红色衣服的女孩吗？她是吉姆的姐姐。 3. 用在与play连用的乐器名称前。如： play the piano/ guitar/ violin/ drums弹钢琴/ 弹吉他/ 拉小提琴/ 打鼓 4. 特指上文提到过的人或物。如： There was a man in the hotel. The man looked very tired. 旅馆里有一个男人。那个男人看上去很疲惫。 5. 用在世界上独一无二的事物前。如： The earth moves around the sun. 地球绕着太阳转。 6. 用在序数词或形容词最高级前。如： the first time第一次；the youngest 最年轻的 7. 用在姓氏的复数形式前，表示一家人或夫妇。如： the Greens 格林一家/夫妇。 8. 用在某些形容词前，表示一类人。如： the old 老人 the young 年轻人 9. 用在江河、海洋、山脉、群岛、沙漠等专有名词前，或由普通名词构成的专有名词之前。如：the Great Wall 长城；the Summer Palace 颐和园 10. 用在世纪、年代、朝代等名词前。如： in the 20th century 在20世纪 in the Tang Dynasty 在唐朝 11. 用于next, last, same, only等词前。如： the only child 独生子女 12. 用于固定搭配中。 （1）与时间有关的搭配 the day after tomorrow 后天 the day before yesterday 前天 all the time 一直 all the year around 一年到头 at the same time 同时 at the age of 在……岁时 in the morning/ afternoon/ evening 在上午/ 下午/晚上 （2）其他词组 by the way 顺便说一下 in the end 最后 at the top of 在……的顶部 in the middle of 在……的中间 on the left/ right 在左边/右边 易错提醒 有the和没the意义不同的词组 at school 在上学 at the school 在学校 at table 在用餐 at the table 在桌子旁 by sea 由海路 by the sea 在海边 in future 从今以后 in the future 在未来 take place 发生 take the place of 取代 in hospital 住院 in the hospital 在医院 go to college/ hospital/ school 去上大学/去看病/上学 go to the college/ hospital/ school 去大学/去医院/去学校 考点追踪 1. I got a hat as a birthday present. _________ hat is very beautiful and I wore it all weekend. 2. Some schools have set up special courses for _________ young to help them learn basic life skills. 3. I learned to play _________ guitar when I was ten years old. 4. It’s a good habit to make _________ bed after getting up. 5. My grandma has got a garden, and _________ flowers in it are beautiful. 6. As _________ youngest member of the team, Jack always asks for advice. The the the the the the 7. Look at _________ apple on the table. It looks so delicious. 8. You can be just _________ one you want to be, a doctor, a firefighter or a postman. the the ■考点三 零冠词 情 况 示 例 在一日三餐、球类运动、语言、学科、棋类、游戏名词前 have supper吃晚饭； play football踢足球； learn English学英语； play chess下棋 在与by连用的交通工具名词前 by train乘火车； by bus乘公共汽车 人名、地名、街道名、城市名、州、省、机场以及大多数大学、公园、节日等专有名词前（注意：由festival构成的中国传统节日前通常用定冠词the） Green Street 格林街； Baiyun Airport 白云机场； Teachers’ Day 教师节 季节、月份、星期前 in summer在夏天；in January在一月； on Sunday在星期日 名词前有物主代词、指示代词、不定代词、疑问代词或名词所有格修饰时 this book这本书；my son我的儿子； Jack’s bike杰克的自行车 称呼、职务或表示头衔的名词前 president of the student council 学生会主席 表示泛指意义的物质名词、抽象名词、专有名词前 Failure is the mother of success. 失败是成功之母。 不可数名词、名词复数泛指某类人或事物时 I love apples. 我喜欢苹果。 某些固定词组或习惯用法中 on foot步行；go to school去上学；day and night夜以继日；by mistake错误地 续表 专题三 冠 词 短文填空。 ［25·陕西改编］ A 初雪之约：父女共建的冬日童话 Nana looked out of the window. It was starting to snow. Soon, the ground turned white. She stood at 1. _________ window and watched until it was getting dark outside. The trees and ground were covered by white snow. Nana felt happy and was thinking about snowmen. She loved making snowmen, and tomorrow she could wear her new gloves to make 2. _________ first snowman of this winter with her dad. the the When Nana woke up the next morning, 3. _________ sunshine was shining in through her bedroom window. Her dad was already up and dressed. He knocked at 4. _________ door and came into her room with the smell of cold and fresh air clinging to (附着于) his coat. He had 5. _________ glass of milk in his hand. “Get up, sleepyhead,” he said with 6. _________ smile. “Can you guess how deep 7. _________ snow is?” He winked (眨眼). Before Nana could answer 8. _________ question, her father went on, “It is almost up to your knees!” Nana jumped out of her bed, dressed herself, and rushed to the window for 9. _________ look. Then she ran to the kitchen and sat down at 10. _________ table. While eating, the the a a the the a the she talked with her father excitedly about the snowman they would build. This year, they decided they would make the biggest snowman ever! B 彩虹寻踪：Eric的森林色彩探险 The children had a great experience yesterday. Eric and his partners were required to discover 11. _________ colors of the rainbow in the woods by their biology teacher. And they were also asked to describe them on paper. Eric looked around. Some of the colors were easy to find. 12. _________ grass was green. The soil was brown. And the autumn leaves were orange, yellow and red. These were 13. _________ common colors in nature. But where were they going to the the the find blue and purple? After 14. _________ while, they still made no progress. They felt stressed and 15. _________ teacher encouraged them to keep working patiently. Since his partners became impatient and wanted to stop, Eric made 16. _________ decision that he would go farther alone to find the other colors. Suddenly, he found 17. _________ clear river and the water reflected the sky in it. He knew the sky was blue. Eric was excited. He continued his task. Luckily, he found 18. _________ excellent purple butterfly. Eric was 19. _________ first one to finish the task. The teacher spoke highly of Eric’s perseverance (坚持). 20. _________ experience reminds Eric that as long as he is careful enough, he will certainly find the colors of the rainbow in the woods. a the a a an the the $