Unit 6 Crossing Cultures.知识清单2025-2026学年人教版英语八年级下册

初二小组课辅导教案 Unit 6 Crossing Cultures. Unit 6 Crossing Cultures. 一、基础知识 单词 名词 1. 拳头 _______________ 2. 脸颊 _______________ 3. 咖喱菜 _______________ 4. 手掌 _______________ 5. 叉子 _______________ 6. 方式；礼仪 _______________ 7. 肘；肘部 _______________ 8. 筷子 _______________ 9. 习俗 _______________ 10. 场合；重大活动 _______________ 11. （女式）衬衫或短上衣 _______________ 12. 牛仔裤 _______________ 13. 传统 _______________ 14. （信件或广播的）结束语；收尾 _______________ 15. 印象 _______________ 动词 1. 摩擦；揉 _______________ 2. 结婚；娶；嫁 _______________ 3. 祝贺 _______________ 4. 收到 _______________ 连词 1. 除非；如果不 _______________ 2. 是否 _______________ 副词 1. 漂亮地；令人愉快地 _______________ 2. 第一；首先 _______________ 3. 第二；其次 _______________ 4. 第三 _______________ 5. 正确地；恰当地 _______________ 感叹词 1. 有礼了（印度人行合十礼时口中所念之词） _______________ 2. 再见；干杯 _______________ 形容词 1. 尴尬的 _______________ 2. 困惑的 _______________ 3. 正式的 _______________ 4. 粗鲁的 _______________ 5. 罕见的；不寻常的 _______________ 6. 令人困惑的；难以理解的 _______________ 7. 恰当的；正确的 _______________ 8. 出人意料的；令人吃惊的 _______________ 9. 使人难堪的 _______________ 10. 与文化有关的；文化的 _______________ 11. 不喜欢谈论私事的；私人的 _______________ 12. 已婚的；婚姻的 _______________ 13. 正确的；恰当的 _______________ 14. 不安全的；危险的 _______________ 15. 非正式的 _______________ 16. 不合适的 _______________ 17. 主要的 _______________ 18. 错误的；不真实的 _______________ 兼类词 1. v. 与（某人）握手；摇动 n. 摇动；奶昔 _______________ 2. v./ n. 鞠躬 _______________ 3. v. 碰；撞 n. 碰撞；（撞击造成的肿块） _______________ 4. v. 亲吻 n. 吻 _______________ 5. v./ n. 拥抱 _______________ 6. adj. 印度的；印度人的 n. 印度人 _______________ 7. adj. 分菜用的 n. 一份食物 _______________ 8. adj. 亚洲的 n. 亚洲人 _______________ 词性转换 1. shake v. 与（某人）握手；摇动 → 过去式：shook → 过去分词：shaken 2. embarrass v. 使窘迫，使尴尬 → embarrassed adj. 尴尬的 → embarrassing adj. 使人难堪的 → embarrassment n. 尴尬；窘迫 3. confuse v. 使迷惑 → confused adj. 困惑的 → confusing adj. 令人困惑的；难以理解的 4. formal adj. 正式的 → informal adj. 非正式的 5. common adj. 常见的；普遍的 → uncommon adj. 罕见的；不寻常的 6. India n. 印度 → Indian adj./ n. 印度的；印度人的；印度人 7. proper adj. 恰当的；正确的→ properly adv. 合适地→ improper adj. 不合适的；不正确的 8. serve v. 提供；端上 → serving adj./ n. 分菜用的；一份食物 9. surprise v./ n. 使吃惊；使惊讶；惊喜 → surprising adj. 出人意料的；令人吃惊的 → surprisingly adv. 出人意料地；惊人地 → surprised adj. 感到惊讶的 10. culture n. 文化 → cultural adj. 与文化有关的；文化的 11. nice adj. 令人愉快的；吸引人的 → nicely adv. 漂亮地；令人愉快地 12. marry v. 结婚；娶；嫁 → married adj. 已婚的；婚姻的 13. correct adj. 正确的；恰当的 → correctly adv. 正确地；得体地 → incorrect adj. 不正确的 14. safe adj. 安全的 → unsafe adj. 不安全的；危险的 → safely adv. 安全地 → safety n. 安全 15. congratulate v. 祝贺 → congratulation n. 祝贺；恭贺 16. Asia n. 亚洲 → Asian adj./ n. 亚洲的；亚洲人 17. tradition n. 传统 → traditional adj. 传统的 18. one num. 一 → first num. 第一 → firstly adv. 第一；首先 19. two num. 二 → second num. 第二 → secondly adv. 第二；其次 20. three num. 三 → third num. 第三 → thirdly adv. 第三 21. main adj. 主要的 → mainly adv. 主要地 短语 1. 握手 shake hands 2. 碰拳 bump fists 3. 蹭鼻子 rub noses 4. 亲脸颊 kiss cheeks 5. 餐桌礼仪 table manners 6. 记得去做某事 remember to do sth. 7. 等待 wait for 8. 坐直 sit up 9. 使不碰到；使避开 keep ... off 10. 伸手去够 reach for 11. 公筷 serving chopsticks 12. 如此......以至于...... so...that... 13. 一......就...... as soon as 14. 脱下（衣服）；起飞 take off 15. 期待某人做某事 expect sb. to do sth. 16. 把......插进...... stick ... into ... 17. 名字 first name 18. 邀请某人做某事 invite sb. to do sth. 19. 文化冲击 culture shock 20. 与......不同 be different from 21. 下车 get off 22. 尽管 even though 23. 充足；大量 plenty of 24. 习惯于 be/ get used to 25. 得到......消息；收到......来信 hear from 26. 起初，起先 at first 27. 帮助某人做某事 help sb. (to) do sth. 28. 和......分享...... share...with... 29. 最后但同样重要的是 last but not least 30. 确保 make sure 31. 帮助很大 go a long way 32. 在……的开始 at the beginning of 33. 相处融洽；进展 get along 34. 指着 point at 35. 在某人四十多岁时 in one’s forties 36. 第一印象 first impressions 2、 语法攻关 1. shake hands 握手 【考点分析】 shake的用法 过去式：________ 过去分词：________ (1) v. 与（某人）握手 shake hands ________ sb. 和某人握手 She refused to shake hands with him. 她拒绝同他握手。 (2) v. 摇动 shake one’s head 摇头（表示否定、不赞成等） If you don’t agree, shake your head. 你如果不同意，摇摇头。 (3) n. 摇动；奶昔 milk shake 奶昔 Some young people think the milk shake is the most delicious drink. 一些年轻人认为奶昔是最美味的饮品。 【小试牛刀】 1. After listening to his words, Ann __________ (shake) her head and said no. 2. hug 拥抱 【考点分析】 hug的用法 (1) v. 拥抱；搂抱 过去式/ 过去分词：________ 现在分词：________ Mothers all like to hug their lovely babies. 妈妈们都喜欢拥抱自己可爱的宝宝。 (2) n. 拥抱 give sb. a hug 给某人一个拥抱 Lily’s grandma always gives her a hug whenever she meets her. 莉莉的奶奶每次见到她都要给她一个拥抱。 【小试牛刀】 1. My best friend always gives me __________ (hug) whenever something bad happens to me. 3. ① embarrassed 尴尬的（教材P52 1b） ② But it is embarrassing! 但这很尴尬！（教材P55 4a） 【考点分析】 embarrassed与embarrassing的用法 (1) embarrassed adj. 尴尬的 用来描述人的感受 He was embarrassed because he made a mistake. 他因为出错而显得窘迫。 (2) embarrassing adj. 使人难堪的 用来形容事物 He asked several embarrassing questions at the meeting. 他在会上提了几个令人尴尬的问题。 【小试牛刀】 1. My most __________ (embarrass) moment was trying to introduce a person whose name I couldn’t remember. Every time this kind of thing happens, I feel __________ (embarrass) . 2. — I wore my sports shoes to the dancing party by mistake yesterday evening. — Oh, dear, you must be very __________ (embarrass) at the party! 3. Her __________ (embarrass) situation was caused by her lack of（缺乏）knowledge about the local customs. 4. But English table manners are so confusing that I’m a little worried. 但英式餐桌礼仪太让人困惑了，我有点担心。 【考点分析1】 manner的用法 (1) n. 方式；方法（指做事情的具体手段、形式） 常用单数形式，比 way 更正式 in a/ an...manner 以......方式 The problem should be solved in a fair manner. 应该以公平的方式解决这个问题。 (2) n. 礼貌；礼仪 常用复数形式 have good/ bad manners 有礼貌/ 没礼貌 table manners 餐桌礼仪 It is good table manners to pick up food with serving chopsticks. 使用公筷夹菜是一种良好的餐桌礼仪。 (3) n. 举止；态度（侧重人的行为表现、外在风格） a friendly manner 友好的样子 His manner was polite but cool. 他举止彬彬有礼而又冷漠。 【考点分析2】 confusing与confused的用法 (1) confusing adj. 令人困惑的；难以理解的 用来修饰物 The instruction manual was so confusing that I couldn’t understand how to use the new app. 这份用法指南太让人困惑了，以至于我搞不懂如何使用这个新的应用程序。 (2) confused adj. 困惑的；糊涂的 用来表达人的感受，在句中常作表语 If you are confused about anything, phone me. 如果你对什么事有疑问，打电话给我。 【小试牛刀】 1. After visiting different countries, I found __________ very important to learn about table __________ (manner). 2. It seems that he never gets __________ (confuse) and he is always studying hard towards his personal goal. 5. Could you tell me the proper way to use a knife and fork too? 你也能告诉我使用刀叉的正确方法吗？ 【考点分析1】 proper的用法 (1) adj. 恰当的；正确的 一般在句中作定语或表语 (2) improper adj. 不正确的；不合适的 (3) properly adv. 正确地；恰当地；得体地 【考点分析2】 a knife and fork “一副刀叉”，knife and fork 常被看作一个整体，作主语时谓语动词用单数形式 A knife and fork is beside the plate. 盘子旁边有一副刀叉。 【小试牛刀】 1. It is __________ (proper) to point at others with chopsticks at the table. We should learn __________ (proper) table manners and behave __________ (proper) . 2. It’s such an important meeting that everyone is advised to dress __________ (proper). 3. The little girl is too young to speak __________ (clear), but she speaks in a __________ (proper) way. 4. His behavior at the party was __________ (proper). Everyone was a little angry with him. 6. Keep your elbows off the table. 不要把手肘放在桌上。 【考点分析】 keep ... off的用法 使......不碰到，避开 Please keep the dog off the sofa. 不要让狗上沙发。 【知识拓展】 keep相关短语 (1) keep fit 保持健康 Keeping fit is important for us. (2) keep up with 跟上；齐驾并驱 Walk faster! Keep up with the group. (3) keep quiet 保持安静 Keep quiet during the movie, please! (4) keep (on) doing sth. 继续做某事 You’re doing great! Keep on dancing! (5) keep in touch with sb. 和某人保持联系 Even if we go to different schools, let’s keep in touch! (6) keep sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事 The raincoat kept me from getting wet in the storm. (7) keep away from （使……）远离 Keep away from the fire — it’s dangerous! 【小试牛刀】 1. We should learn some safety rules to keep ourselves __________ harm. 2. My mum always tells me to keep __________ from strangers. 3. Even though it was hard, she kept __________ practicing the piano every day. 7. But once I was used to it, I became more curious and interested in learning about the culture there. 但一旦习惯了这种情况，我就变得更加好奇，并对学习那里的文化感兴趣。 【考点分析】 be/ get used to的用法 to在此处为介词，其后常接名词、代词或动词-ing 形式作宾语 be/ get used to doing 习惯于做某事 I’m used to eating less at lunchtime. 我习惯午饭吃少点。 【易混辨析】 (1) be/ get used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事 She isn’t used to living in the countryside now. 她现在不习惯在乡下生活。 (2) be used to do sth. 被用来做某事 A knife is used to cut things. 刀是用来切东西的。 (3) used to do sth. 过去常常做某事 He used to go to sleep at 9 o’clock in the evening. 他过去常常在晚上9点钟睡觉。 【小试牛刀】 1. The teachers used __________ (write) key points on the blackboard, but now they are getting used to __________ (show) them through PPTs. 2. — Lulu ran first in the race. — __________ great progress she has made! She used __________ (be) weak in running. 8. It’s so great to hear from you. 收到你的来信真是太好了。 【考点分析】 hear from的用法 (1) 得到......消息 后接 sb.，可以表示收到某人的信件、电子邮件或电话等 She was happy to hear from her best friend. 她很高兴得到她最好朋友的消息。 (2) hear of/ about 听说，获悉 I was sorry to hear about your accident. 获悉你遇到意外，我很难过。 9. Fourth, it’s best not to ask personal questions unless you know the person well. 第四，除非你很了解对方，否则最好不要问私人问题。 【考点分析】 It’s best (not) to do sth. 最好（不）做某事 比“you should...（你应该......）”更委婉、更自然 同义短语为：had better (not) do sth. It’s best to wear a helmet when riding a bike. 骑自行车时最好戴头盔。 You’d better finish your homework first. 你最好先完成家庭作业。 10. ① They don’t like it when others ask them about their age, their family, whether they are married, or how much money they make. 他们不喜欢别人问他们的年龄、家庭情况、是否已婚，或者收入多少。（教材P56 1b） ② Isn’t it exciting that James will marry Jennifer next month? 詹姆斯下个月要和珍妮弗结婚了，这难道不令人激动吗？（教材P58 2c） 【考点分析1】 whether的用法 “是否” 本句中whether they are married作介词about的宾语，whether作连词，意为“是否”，引导宾语从句 【知识拓展】 whether和if引导宾语从句时，whether和if一般情况下可以互换使用，但在下列情况下只能使用whether，不能使用if。 (1) 引导的从句作介词的宾语时 I’m thinking about whether we should go to the movies. 我正在考虑我们是否应该去看电影。 (2) 直接与or not连用时 I’m not sure whether or not his answer is right. 我不确定他的答案是否正确。 (3) 后面直接跟带to的不定式时 Mike didn’t know whether to go to Australia. 迈克不知道是否要去澳大利亚。 【考点分析2】 marry的用法 (1) v. 结婚；娶；嫁 marry sb. 娶/ 嫁给某人；与某人结婚 Rose married Jack Brown. 罗丝嫁给了杰克•布朗。 (2) v. 把…嫁给；为…娶亲 marry sb. to sb. 把某人嫁给某人；为某人娶亲 They married their daughter to a doctor. 他们把女儿嫁给了一位医生。 (3) married adj. 已婚的；婚姻的 · get married to sb. 与某人结婚 （强调动作，不能与时间段连用） The beautiful girl got married to that brave man at last. 这个漂亮的女孩最后嫁给了那个勇士。 · be married to sb. 与某人结婚 （强调状态，能与时间段连用） My grandparents have been married for over 60 years. 我的祖父母已经结婚60多年了。 注意：marry 表示“结婚”时，不与介词with连用 married 也不能与介词with连用，不能说be/ get married with 【小试牛刀】 1. My parents __________ (marry) in 1998 and they have lived a happy life for over 20 years. 2. The couple got __________ (marry) in a traditional ceremony. Their relatives and friends came to send best wishes. 11. unsafe 不安全的 informal 非正式的 improper 不合适的 （教材 P58 2a） 【考点分析】 常见的否定前缀 (1) un + safe = unsafe un 表示“不、无、非”，常加在名词/ 形容词/ 副词前 happiness → ____________ lucky → ____________ fair → ____________ (2) in + formal = informal in表示“不、无、非”，常加在名词/ 形容词前 ability → ____________ correct → ____________ active → ____________ (3) im + proper = improper im表示“不、无、非”，常加在以 m、b、p 开头的形容词/ 名词前 polite→ ____________ patient → ____________ possible → ____________ 【小试牛刀】 一、给下列单词加上正确的否定前缀。 1. common → ____________ 2. healthy → ____________ 3. direct → ____________ 4. usual → ____________ 5. personal → ____________ 6. dependent → ____________ 7. forgettable → ____________ 8. expensive → ____________ 9. convenient → ____________ 二、用所给词的适当形式填空。 1. Using your phone during dinner is __________ (proper). Focus on your family! 2. It’s ____________ (common) to see snow in this southern city, so when it falls, everyone gets excited. 3. Your sentence “I like” is ____________ (complete). You need to say what you like! 12. I’m so excited, and I can’t wait to congratulate them. 我很激动，等不及要去祝贺他们了。（教材P58 2c） 【考点分析1】 can’t wait to do sth. 等不及做某事；迫不及待做某事 They can’t wait to travel next month. 他们等不及下个月去旅行了。 【考点分析2】 congratulate的用法 (1) congratulate sb. 祝贺某人 I congratulate you from the very bottom of my heart. 我衷心地向你表示祝贺。 (2) congratulate sb. ______ sth. 因某事祝贺某人 We congratulate you on your graduation from the university. 我们祝贺你大学毕业。 (3) congratulate sb. ______ doing sth. 因做某事祝贺某人 I congratulate you on passing the driving test. 祝贺你通过驾照考试。 (4) congratulation n. 祝贺 复数形式：__________ 【小试牛刀】 1. I will congratulate Tom __________ winning the singing competition. 2. Ella, ____________ (congratulate) on winning the prize of the school music festival. 3. He was so surprised that he forgot congratulating his classmate __________ the contest at first. 13. person receiving the email 收件人 【考点分析】 receive与accept (1) receive 收到 客观获得，如信件、礼物等，不涉及意愿 表示一种客观上的获得（信件、礼物等），相当于get，不涉及被给予者是否愿意接受 She received a gift, but she didn’t accept it. 她收到了一份礼物，但是她并没有接受它。 (2) accept 接受 主观接受，常与邀请、提议等连用 表示在主观上的接受，常与表示邀请或建议的词连用 【小试牛刀】 1. — It is enjoyable for you __________ (accept/ receive) so many invitations to parties. — Yes. But I __________ (accept/ receive) only one because I am busy these days. 2. Susan __________ (accept/ receive) a scholarship（奖学金）offer from a foreign university. However, she needs to think carefully before she __________ (accept/ receive) it. 3. The little boy looks forward to __________ (receive) a new basketball as his birthday gift. 14. Mr and Mrs Zhao are both in their forties, and they have a son who is younger than me. 赵先生和赵太太都四十多岁了，他们有个儿子，比我小。 【考点分析】 in one’s forties 在某人四十多岁的时候（指 40-49 岁的年龄段） in one’ s + 整十基数词复数 在某人......岁时 in my twenties 在我二十多岁时 in my father’s thirties 在我爸爸三十多岁时 【小试牛刀】 1. My mum is in her __________ (forty). She likes to cook delicious meals for our family every day. 15. Cheers 再见 【考点分析】 cheer的用法 (1) v. 欢呼；喝彩；使高兴 cheer sb. up （使某人）振作/ 高兴起来 A good friend will cheer you up when you are having a bad day. 当你心情不好时，好朋友会让你振作起来。 (2) n. 欢呼声；喝彩；鼓励 （可数名词） A great cheer went up from the crowd. 人群中爆发出一阵热烈的欢呼声。 cheers interj. 再见；干杯 We raised our cups and said “Cheers!” to celebrate the end of the school year. 我们举起杯子说“干杯！”来庆祝学年结束。 (3) cheerful adj. 快乐的；高兴的 【小试牛刀】 1. The heavy rain couldn’t stop fans from ____________ (cheer) for their Su Chao heroes. 2. The football fans gave a big ____________ (cheer) when the team scored a goal. 语法精讲 【小试牛刀】 一、用括号中所给的连词将两个简单句合并成一句话。 1. You have to speak very slowly. He won’t be able to understand you. (unless) ______________________________________________________________________ 2. It was very cold. We stayed at home all day. (so...that) ______________________________________________________________________ 3. I will tell Eric the good news. I will see Eric. (as soon as) ______________________________________________________________________ 二、词汇运用（用unless, until, as soon as, so...that, such...that, if填空） 1. He didn’t go to bed __________ his mother came back. 2. __________ he saw her, he fell in love with her. 3. She is __________ beautiful __________ everyone likes her. 4. I’ ll feel sad __________ you don’ t go together with me. 5. My daughter won’ t eat dumplings __________ she is very hungry. 6. This is __________ an interesting book __________ many students in my class want to read it. 7. You will fall behind your classmates __________ you study harder than others. 8. He was __________ crazy about rock music __________ he almost spent all his free time listening to it. 9. You’ ll never know what is possible __________ you try to make it happen. 10. It is impossible to finish the difficult task in such a short time on my own __________ both of us work together. 三、语法填空 1. Be sure to let tom know the news as soon as he __________ (arrive). 2. I will go swimming unless it __________ (rain). 3. Her dream will come true unless she __________ (give) it up halfway. 4. The young man was brave enough __________ (fight) bad people. 5. As soon as Lucy __________ (feel) better, she will go to school. 随堂精练 一、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空 1. Chinese people usually show their welcome and kindness by __________ (shake) hands. 2. When Tom and Jerry met for the first time, they __________ (shake) hands with each other and then sat down. 3. When the typhoon finally passed, people came out and __________ (hug) their neighbors happily. 4. Jack failed the easy math test. He felt __________ (embarrass) and thought it was an __________ (embarrass) result. 5. Don’t get __________ (embarrass) when people say good things about you. Accept them! 6. The movie was so __________ (confuse) that many people felt __________ (confuse) after watching it. 7. In China, it’s one of the most polite __________ (manner) to listen carefully when others are speaking. 8. Use __________ (proper) tools and follow the instructions __________ (proper) when doing science experiments. 9. Food is important for our health. So we must keep our food __________ (clean) and cook it __________ (proper). 10. A knife and fork __________ (be) beside the plate. 11. Try to keep your hands __________ that cake until dinner is ready. 12. To improve his basketball skills, Wang Feng keeps __________ (practice) playing basketball every day. 13. — How does Tim go to work? — He used __________ (go) to work by car, but now he gets used __________ (take) a bus there. 14. Do you know that bamboo can be used __________ (make) wonderful furniture? 15. It gave me such pleasure to hear __________ your great improvement in English. 16. I heard __________ my pen friend in the UK yesterday. She sent me a photo of her school. 17. It’s best not __________ (run) away from our problems. We should always try to solve them. 18. I’m thing about __________ (是否) we should go to the movies. 19. My aunt got married __________ an excellent player on March 18, 2020. They are very happy now. 20. A __________ (marry) woman had no chance to take part in the ancient Olympic games. 21. The question is too hard — it’ s __________ (possible) to answer in 10 seconds. 22. Our class were against the plan to have a picnic in the rain. We thought it was __________ (safe). 23. They can’t wait to travel next month. 24. I will congratulate Tom __________ winning the singing competition. 25. I would like to congratulate you __________ your recent achievement. 26. Yesterday Mary _________ (accept/ receive) a surprising present, but she didn’t _________ (accept/ receive) it. 27. My elder sister is in her __________ (thirty). She has a nice job and a happy family. 28. All of us felt excited and __________ (cheer) when we were at the school sports meeting. 29. After we entered the room, the host __________ (shake) each of us warmly by the hand. 30. I felt __________ (confuse) when the teacher explained the math problem for the first time. 31. The doctor warned that __________ (proper) eating habits can cause stomach problems. 32. Uncle David took up drawing as his hobby in his __________ (forty), and he is good at it now. 33. Li Ming finished the speech perfectly, and everyone couldn’t wait __________ (cheer) for him. 34. She had an __________ (embarrass) experience when she forgot her friend’s name. 35. After winning the science fair, my classmates gave me a big hug and their warm ___________ (congratulate). 36. The two old friends __________ (hug) each other tightly when they met at the party yesterday. 37. If you go to a formal western dinner party, you’d better know about their table __________ (manner). 38. If you follow the steps, you can solve the problem __________ (correct). 39. We ordered three __________ (serve) of dumplings to share among the family. 40. Music and dance are important parts of __________ (culture) exchange between countries. 41. Cindy and I talked __________ (nice) about our weekend plans in the playground. 42. Many __________ (Asia) students in our school like playing table tennis after class. 43. Firstly, we need to finish our homework. __________ (two), we can watch a short video. 44. My sister feels shy and __________ (embarrass) when she sings in front of the whole class. 45. I really don’t understand the __________ (confuse) instructions on the box. 46. In Yunnan, there are still some wild tea trees that are over 1, 000 years old. They are really __________ (common) and valuable . 47. Seeing the black smoke rising above the building, Jane __________ (shake) her head and ran away in fear. 48. Recycling is good for the environment. It can also do good to a community in __________ (surprise) ways. 49. It’s __________ (proper) to make loud noises in the library. All of the students are studying. 50. We should never laugh at other classmates when they cannot answer questions __________ (correct). 51. The old building was so bad that it became __________ (safe) for people to live in. 52. In order to protect their culture, they try their best to keep their __________ (tradition) alive. 53. They got __________ (marry) secretly last week without telling anybody. 二、短文填空 （一） Last Monday, our science teacher told us that we would have a pop quiz 1.__________ we tried a class experiment. I raised my hand 2. __________ I heard “experiment”, even though I had much homework to do. The goal was simple — mix two liquids(液体) to create a colourful reaction. But my hands shook 3. __________ much __________ I took the wrong bottle! The solution erupted (喷发) like a tiny volcano (火山), splashing (飞溅) my lab coat. I felt so 4. __________ (embarrass) that I wished I could disappear. Then, our teacher said with a smile, “Great! You’ ve just accidentally shown us a perfect chemical reaction!” My classmates burst into applause, and even the class monitor—who never smiles—gave me a thumbs-up. What felt like an 5. __________ (embarrass) disaster became an 6. __________ (encourage) moment! Now I realize: mistakes can be the best teachers 7. __________ fears stops us from learning. After all, even the greatest discoveries often start with a little chaos (混乱) ! （二） It is impossible to name all Chinese customs in one passage. Even so, in this passage we bring you several Chinese 1.__________ (culture) customs and traditions that you should know. Here we go. It’s 2.__________ (common) for Chinese to show their feelings openly, also avoiding any unnecessary body touch. The Chinese see it badly that people kiss each other 3.__________ the face, even if they are women. In fact, it was not so acceptable to shake hands in the past. As the country gradually (逐渐地) lets western customs in, people are used to 4.__________ (shake) hands to greet. At meals, some details should be known by both guests and hosts. In China, the older guests are always seated first, and then others can take their seats. Food 5.__________ (manner) are also very important. You should never serve yourself a drink; it should be served by someone else. Sticking chopsticks into a bowl of rice is so rude 6.__________ you should avoid it. And to eat food, you must put your mouth close to your own bowl. But don’t be 7.__________ (surprise) if people eat with their mouths open. This is normal in China. Many of you have already known it’s 8.__________ (embarrass) to open gifts in public. But that’s not the only important thing to know when 9.__________ (receive) gifts in China. For example, the Chinese will always refuse your gift up to three times 10.__________ (show) they are well educated. But in the end, they are willing to accept it. 写作专题 随着中国经济的飞速发展，秀美乡村、名胜古迹引起了你的美国笔友 Peter 的极大关注。他计划今年暑假来中国，进乡村观名胜，并到中国朋友家做客，但他对中国的风俗习惯、见面礼仪及餐桌礼仪了解很少，于是向你寻求帮助。假如你是腾飞，请你根据下面写作要点，用英语给 Peter 写一封电子邮件，向他介绍中国的习俗。 写作要点：1. How do Chinese greet others? 2. What are the table manners? 3. What are the rules in the Chinese family? 写作要求：1. 邮件应包括所有写作要点，条理清晰，行文连贯，可适当发挥； 2. 邮件中不能出现真实的人名、校名、地名等信息； 3. 邮件不少于 80 词。开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Peter, I’m very happy to hear that you’ re coming to China this summer vacation. I hope to see you soon. Now let me tell you something about customs and manners in our country. ___________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ Welcome to China. I hope you’ ll have a wonderful time in our country. Yours, Teng Fei 【参考范文】 Dear Peter, I’m very happy to hear that you’re coming to China this summer vacation. I hope to see you soon. Now let me tell you something about customs and manners in our country. First, when meeting people in China, we usually shake hands and smile. It’ s polite to greet others warmly and talk about general topics like the weather or travel plans. Next, for table manners, remember to use chopsticks correctly. Don’ t stick them upright in your bowl. Also, avoid pointing at people with chopsticks. Wait until elderly people start eating before you begin. Finally, if you visit a Chinese family, take a small gift like fruit or tea to show respect. Always knock before entering, and it’ s customary to remove your shoes unless the host says otherwise. If you have any questions, feel free to ask! Welcome to China. I hope you’ll have a wonderful time in our country. Yours, Teng Fei 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $