Unit 8 Green Earth（B卷·能力提升）《英语 基础模块2》（高教版第三版）单元过关卷（原卷版+解析版）

编写说明：本套试卷紧扣《英语 基础模块2》（高教版第三版）教材，以教材单元为基准精准覆盖核心考点。 每个单元设置AB卷，A卷为基础巩固卷，侧重基础考点训练，帮助学生扎实掌握知识要点；B卷为能力提升卷，注重知识整合与全面检测，引导学生构建知识网络。全书设计4份综合测试卷，模拟实战情境，聚焦解题能力突破，全面提升应试能力与知识应用水平。 《英语 基础模块2》（高教版第三版）《单元过关卷》 Unit 8 Green Earth B卷·能力提升 考试时间：120分钟 满分：100分 班级 姓名 学号 成绩 Ⅰ.语音辨析。 (共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分) 读下列单词，从每题所给的 A、 B、 C 和 D 四个选项中，选出画线部分发音不同的一项。 1．A．sea B．break C．meat D．clean 2．A．food B．good C．wool D．cook 3．A．horse B．world C．for D．story 4．A．bike B．sit C．rice D．kite 5．A．cat B．face C．map D．hat 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．B 4．B 5．B 【解析】1．考查元音字母组合的发音。A. sea /siː/；B. break /breɪk/；C. meat /miːt/；D. clean /kliːn/。结合单词音标可知，B项划线部分发音是/eɪ/，其余各项划线部分发音都是/iː/。故选B。 2．考查元音字母组合的发音。A. food /fuːd/；B. good /ɡʊd/；C. wool /wʊl/；D. cook /kʊk/。结合单词音标可知，A项划线部分发音是/uː/，其余各项划线部分发音都是/ʊ/。故选A。 3．考查元音字母辅音字母组合的发音。A. horse /hɔːs/；B. world /wɜːld/；C. for /fɔː(r)/；D. story /ˈstɔːri/。结合单词音标可知，B项划线部分发音是/ɜː/，其余各项划线部分发音都是/ɔː/。故选B。 4．考查元音字母的发音。A. bike /baɪk/；B. sit /sɪt/；C. rice /raɪs/；D. kite /kaɪt/。结合单词音标可知，B项划线部分发音是/ɪ/，其余各项划线部分发音都是/aɪ/。故选B。 5．考查元音字母的发音。A. cat /kæt/；B. face /feɪs/；C. map /mæp/；D. hat /hæt/。结合单词音标可知，B项划线部分发音是/eɪ/，其余各项划线部分发音都是/æ/。故选B。 Ⅱ. 单项选择（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分） 阅读下列句子，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 6．— John sings well in our class. — . We all like his voice. A．So he is B．So does he C．So he does D. So did he 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——约翰在我们班唱歌很好听。——确实如此。我们都喜欢他的嗓音。 考查强调句。So +主语+助动词/be动词/情态动词，表示对别人说过的话表示赞同；so +助动词/be动词/情态动词+主语，表示另外的人或事物也符合上述情况。所以选B。根据“We all like his voice.”可知，空处是对前一句的赞同，应该使用“so + 主语 + 助动词”的结构，原句中sings是实义动词，所以该结构中助动词用does。故选C。 7． —David has made great progress recently. —_____, and _____. Keep up the good work, Tom. A．So he has; so you have B．So he has; so have you C．So has he; so have you D. So has he, so you have 【答案】B 【详解】试题分析：句意：---大卫最近已经取得了很大进步。---的确如此，你也是。继续加油，汤姆。So +主语+谓语，表示的确如此；so +谓语+主语，表示某人也是。故选B. 考点：考查固定短语。 8．__________ use cycle paths if you can when cycling. A．Must B．Should C．Can D．Do 【答案】D 【详解】句意：骑车时如果可以的话，务必使用自行车道。 考查助动词用法。Must必须；Should应该；Can可以；Do助动词。“Do+动词原形”可用于强调谓语动词，表达“务必；一定”之意，本题强调骑车务必使用对应车道。故选D。 9．—You know much about the film. Did you see it not long ago? —Yes, I ________ see it yesterday. It’s wonderful. A．didn’t B．do C．did D．have 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你对这部电影了解很多。你不久前看过吗？——是的，我昨天确实看了。它很精彩。 考查时态。由“yesterday”可知，句子为一般过去时，排除B和D；did在这里表示强调昨天确实去看了那部电影。故选C。 10．Don’t let yourself ________ by his sweet words. He does ________ the habit of saying bad words behind people. A．fooled; have B．be fooled; have C．fooled; has D．be fooled; has 【答案】B 【详解】句意：不要被他的花言巧语所迷惑。他确实有在别人背后说坏话的习惯。 考查动词不定式和强调。根据“Don’t let”可知，let sb do sth“让某人做某事”，结合“by his sweet words”可知，第一空应用省略to的动词不定式的被动式be fooled，作宾语补足语；根据“He does”可知，助动词does后应用动词原形，does在此表示强调。故选B。 11．一Do you usually go to the cinema, Miss Li? 一I did there often, but now I’m used to ________ movies online. A．go；watch B．going；watch C．go；watching D. going; watching 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你通常去看电影吗，李小姐？——我过去确实经常去，但现在我习惯于在网上看电影。 考查助动词和非谓语动词的用法。空一前有did，有强调的作用，是助动词，后跟动词原形，故排除B项；be used to doing sth.“习惯做某事”，固定用法，故空二应用动名词形式。故选C。 12．________come to my birthday party. A．Be B．Have C．Do D．Can 【答案】C 【详解】句意：一定要来参加我的生日聚会。 考查助动词。A. Be系动词原形；B. Have完成时的助动词；C. Do一般现在时态，实意动词或助动词，表示强调时，意思是“的确，一定”；D. Can能，会。这里是祈使句，在这里强调，用do+动词原形。do come to my birthday party一定要来参加我的生日聚会。故选C。 13．—When did you get to know her? —It was in 1998 ________ we worked together. A．that B．since C．which D．when 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你什么时候认识她的？——那是在1998年，我们那时在一起工作。 考查从属连词辨析和强调句。it is+强调部分+that/who+其他。被强调的部分“in 1998”是物/事，引导词用that。故选A。 14．It was the training ________ he had as a young man ________ made him such a good engineer. A．what; that B．that; what C．that; which D．which; that 【答案】D 【详解】句意：正是他年轻时所受的训练使他成为一名如此优秀的工程师。 考查强调句和定语从句。根据“It was the training ...he had ”可知，此处是定语从句，从句中缺少宾语，用which/that引导定语从句，排除A；根据“It was the training...he had as a young man...made him such a good engineer.”可知第二处是强调句的固定句型：It was +被强调部分+that+其他成分，第二空填that，故选D。 15．It’s the policeman ________ helped me find the shop. A．which B．whom C．who D．whose 【答案】C 【详解】句意：是警察帮我找到了那家商店。 考查强调句型。分析句中“the policeman”和“helped me find the shop”可知，该句为强调句型，强调句结构为“It is/was+被强调部分+that/who+其他部分”，这里强调的是主语“the policeman”，且表示人，所以用who，故选C。 16．—Look at the photo! What a wonderful time you are having ________ the mountain! —Exactly! It is in Mountain Huang ________ we enjoyed ourselves last summer. A．climbing; where B．to climb; where C．climbing; that D．to climb; that 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——看这张照片！你爬山玩得多开心啊！——确实！上个暑假，我们在黄山度过了美好的时光。 考查动词词组和强调句。have a wonderful time doing sth“做某事很开心”，第一空填climbing；答语为强调句，基本句型：It is/was+被强调部分+that/who...，根据题干可知，被强调部分是Mountain Huang，因此用that，故选C。 17．Don’t take animal signs or star signs so seriously. ________ you who shape your own life. A．This is B．That is C．It is D．They are 【答案】C 【详解】句意：不要把属相或星相太当真。是你塑造了你自己的人生。 考查强调句。根据“…you who shape your own life.”可知，此处是“It is+被强调部分+that/who+其他”句型，是强调句，这句被强调的是句子的主语you,故选C。 18．It’s what you do right now ________ makes a difference to your future. A．what B．who C．that D. which 【答案】C 【详解】句意：你现在所做的对你的未来至关重要。   考查强调句型。what什么；who谁；that那个。根据句子结构可知，这句话中使用了强调句型，构成是：It is+强调部分+that/who+剩余部分，强调人时用who。故选C。 19．It was at 10 p.m. yesterday _________ he came home from work. A．that B．when C．which D．what 【答案】A 【详解】句意：他是昨晚上10点下班回来的。 考查强调句的用法。that那；when何时；which 哪个；what什么。根据句意表示强调他昨晚10点回家的，故用It was+强调内容+that+句子结构，本句强调时间状语10 p.m. yesterday，只能用that。故选A。 20．—When was it________ you realized she was a famous film star? —________she took off her dark glasses. A．when, When B．that, Until C．When, Until D．that, Not until 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你什么时候意识到她是一个著名电影明星了？——直到她摘下墨镜的时候。 考查时间状语从句以及强调句。强调句It is/was+强调成分+that+其他，强调是什么时候意识到她是电影明星的，回答时间直到她摘掉墨镜的那一刻，回答问句为It was not until she took off her dark glasses that you realized she was a famous film star. 故选D。 Ⅲ. 完形填空（共 10 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 10 分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 When Chinese people find out that someone comes from London, they often say, “London is a foggy city, isn’t it?” British people who visit China often have to say that London is not a foggy city at all! But if London is not foggy, _______ do so many people in China think it is? In fact, London used to be a foggy city, _______ it isn’t any more. In London lots of fog came from factories, but a lot of it came from coal（煤）because people used it in their houses _______ warm during the winter. By the 1950s, air pollution had become so _______ that the government decided to do something to clean up the air. A new rule was made. It said that _______ was allowed to burn（燃烧）coal in any British city. Just a few years _______, the air became much cleaner. Now many Chinese cities meet the same kind of _______ with air pollution that London met forty or fifty years ago. However, this problem is more difficult for Chinese cities to _______. First, more of the pollution comes from big factories than from coal that people use in their houses. If these factories are suddenly closed, lots of people _______ their jobs. Second, cleaner fuels（燃料）are quite expensive. However, the air in many cities is already slowly becoming cleaner, because the government and ordinary people are trying to make pollution ________. As a result, the air in Beijing is getting cleaner and cleaner. 21．A．what B．when C．which D．why 22．A．and B．but C．so D．or 23．A．to keep B．keeping C．kept D．keep 24．A．well B．good C．badly D．bad 25．A．somebody B．anybody C．nobody D．everybody 26．A．before B．ago C．later D．after 27．A．problem B．question C．accident D．discussion 28．A．find B．answer C．solve D．save 29．A．lost B．lose C．would lose D．will lose 30．A．little B．less C．much D．more 【答案】 21．D 22．B 23．A 24．D 25．C 26．C 27．A 28．C 29．D 30．B 【导语】本文主要谈论了大气污染问题。伦敦一直被人们称作雾都，但是现在情况变了，伦敦不再是雾都，而中国的许多城市因为污染成为新的雾都，而在政府和人们的努力下，中国的污染问题也在逐渐好转。 21．句意：但如果伦敦没有雾，为什么那么多中国人会这么认为呢？ what什么；when什么时候；which哪一个；why为什么。根据“When Chinese people find out that someone comes from London...But if London is not foggy”和“do so many people in China think it is”可知，此处表示，如果伦敦没有雾，为什么那么多中国人会这么认为呢，询问原因。故选D。 22．句意：事实上，伦敦过去是一个多雾的城市，但现在不是了。 and并且；but但是；so所以；or或者，否则。根据“London used to be a foggy city”和“it isn’t any more”可知，空格前后为转折关系。故选B。 23．句意：在伦敦，很多雾来自工厂，但也有很多来自煤，因为冬天人们在家里用煤取暖。 to keep保持，动词不定式；keeping现在分词或动名词；kept过去式或过去分词；keep动词原形。根据“people used it”可知，use sth. to do...“用某物来做某事”，故应用动词不定式。故选A。 24．句意：到了20世纪50年代，空气污染变得如此严重，政府决定做点什么来净化空气。 well好，副词；good好的，形容词；badly糟糕地，副词；bad糟糕的，严重的，形容词。根据“the government decided to do something to clean up the air”可知，空气污染变得很严重，根据“had become”可知，空格处应用形容词作表语。故选D。 25．句意：它规定，在英国任何城市都不允许烧煤。 somebody某人；anybody任何人；nobody没有人；everybody每个人。结合语境和“was allowed to burn（燃烧）coal in any British city”可知，没有人被允许烧煤，故应用nobody。故选C。 26．句意：仅仅几年之后，空气就变得干净多了。 before在……之前，后接时间；ago在……之前，前面接时间；later在……之后，前面接时间；after在……之后，后面接时间。根据“By the 1950s, air pollution had become...was allowed to burn（燃烧）coal in any British city”和“the air became much cleaner”可知，是几年后空气变干净多了，根据“a few years”可知，时间+later“在……之后”。故选C。 27．句意：现在许多中国城市都遇到了四五十年前伦敦遇到的空气污染问题。 problem问题，棘手的问题；question问题，有疑问的问题；accident意外，事故；discussion讨论。根据“with air pollution”和“this problem”可知，是遇到了空气污染问题，应用problem。故选A。 28．句意：然而，这一问题对于中国城市来说更难解决。 find发现，找到；answer回答；solve解决；save拯救。根据“this problem”可知，solve the problem“解决这个问题”。故选C。 29．句意：如果这些工厂突然关闭，许多人将失去工作。 lost失去，过去式或过去分词；lose动词原形；would lose过去将来时；will lose一般将来时。根据“If these factories are suddenly closed”可知，句子为条件状语从句，此时应遵循“主将从现”原则，故应用一般将来时。故选D。 30．句意：然而，许多城市的空气已经慢慢变干净了，因为政府和普通人都在努力减少污染。 little少的；less更少；much多；more更多。根据“the air in many cities is already slowly becoming cleaner, because the government and ordinary people are trying to make pollution”可知，政府和普通人都在努力让污染变得比以前更少，应用比较级“更少”less。故选B。 Ⅳ.补全对话（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 根据对话内容，从对话后所给的七个选项中，选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。(选项中有两项是多余的) Jessica and Mr.Brown are talking on the phone.  J=Jessica, B=Mr. Brown. J: Hi! This is Jessica. That is the Friends of the Environment Office, isn’t it? B: ____31____ J: Oh good. I’m doing a project at school about the environment and my teacher says this will be a good place to get some information. B: Well, I’d be glad to help you. ____32____ J: Well, I have no idea. That’s kind of why I’m here, actually. B: ____33____ Do you know much about the greenhouse effect? J: Yeah, but I think a lot of people are already doing the research on it. B: ____34____ J: Good idea! I’ve heard that water pollution is a serious problem. Do you have any information about it ? B: Yes. ____35____ J: Thanks a lot. I’ll read them first. A．I agree. B．Yes, it is. C．How can I do that? D．Well, it doesn’t matter. E．What do you want to know about? F．I can provide you with some reports on water pollution. G．Then how about doing some research on water pollution? 【答案】31．B 32．E 33．D 34．G 35．F 【导语】本文是Jessica和Mr. Brown两个人的对话。对话讲述了Jessica想要做一个关于环境保护的项目，打电话向Mr. Brown寻求帮助的内容。 31．根据上文问句“That is the Friends of the Environment Office, isn’t it?”可知，是询问这是否是环境之友的办公室，所以此处应该回答是或者不是，选项B“是的”符合情景。故选B。 32．根据上文“I’m doing a project at school...some information.”和答语“I have no idea”可知，设空处应该询问Jessica想了解什么情况。选项E“你想知道什么”符合情景。故选E。 33．根据上文“That’s kind of why I’m here, actually.”可知，Jessica因没有想法于是想到这里寻求帮助，所以此处应该对对方的歉意做出礼貌性回答。选项D“嗯，没关系”符合情景。故选D。 34．根据下文“Good idea! I’ve heard that water pollution is a serious problem”可知，好主意，我听说水污染是一个严重的问题。所以，此处应该提出和水污染相关的研究话题。选项G“那我们做一些水污染的研究怎么样”符合情景。故选G。 35．根据下文“Thanks a lot. I’ll read them first”可知，此处Mr. Brown应该提供了一些阅读材料给Jessica先学习。选项F“我可以给你提供一些关于水污染的报告”符合情景。故选F。 Ⅴ.阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分） 阅读下面短文A，判断36~40小题是否正确。若正确，把选项T涂黑；若错误，把选项F涂黑。阅读短文B和C，从每小题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A There was once a little gray planet that was very sad. The people living there hadn’t looked after it, even though they had all the inventions and space ships you could ever need. They had polluted the whole countryside so much with rubbish and pollution that there were no plants or animals left. One day, a little boy was walking on the planet, when he passed a cave and noticed a small red flower inside. The flower was very sick almost dying so the boy carefully dug up the flower, with roots, soil and everything. Then, he started looking for a place where it could grow well. He searched all over the planet, but everywhere was so polluted that there was no place the flower could possibly live in.Then he looked up at the sky and noticed the moon. It seemed that maybe the plant could survive(生存) there. So the little boy climbed into a space ship. He put the little red flower in the back, and off they went to the moon. Far away from all that pollution, the flower soon grew up, giving birth to others, and these other flowers spread onto other flowers. Before long, the whole moon was completely covered with flowers. That’s why, whenever the little boy’s flowers open up, for a few minutes the moon takes on a soft red sheen(光辉), like a warning light. Maybe it’s telling us that if you don’t look after your planet, a day will come when flowers will only be able to grow on the moon. 36．The little gray planet was sad because there wasn’t too much space. 37．One day, a little boy found a small flower that was dead in a cave. 38．The boy wanted to save the red flower so he took it to the moon. 39．The red flowers were taken good care of by the boy and grew so well. 40．The passage mainly tells us we should take steps to protect our envirionment. 【答案】36．F 37．F 38．T 39．F 40．T 【导语】本文主要通过一朵花的故事告诉我们应该善待我们的星球，应该采取措施来保护环境。 36．细节理解题。根据“The people living there hadn’t looked after it, even though they had all the inventions and space ships you could ever need.”可知，星球很伤心是因为住在那里的人没有照顾它，本句表达错误。故填F。 37．细节理解题。根据“The flower was very sick almost dying so the boy carefully dug up the flower”可知，小男孩发现一朵小红花，这朵花几乎要死了，而不是已经死掉了。本句表达错误。故填F。 38．细节理解题。根据“So the little boy climbed into a space ship. He put the little red flower in the back, and off they went to the moon.”可知，小男孩为了救这朵花，他把花带到了月球上。本句表达正确。故填T。 39．细节理解题。根据“Far away from all that pollution, the flower soon grew up, giving birth to others, and these other flowers spread onto other flowers.”可知，这朵花远离污染之后长得很好，并不是男孩照顾的好。本句表达错误。故填F。 40．主旨大意题。本文主要通过一朵花的故事告诉我们应该善待我们的星球，不能再破坏环境了，所以应该采取措施来保护我们的环境。本句表达正确。故填T。 B When you think of the Arctic (北极), you imagine an icy land of pure white snow. Others imagine it as the last really clean place left on earth. We have polluted the deepest oceans with plastic rubbish. “And now,” CNN says, “it’s the Arctic’s turn.” German scientists have recently found microplastics in Arctic snow. Microplastics are pieces of plastic smaller than 5 millimeters. Sadly, the scientists found 1,800 pieces of microplastics per liter of (每升) snow. How is plastic pollution reaching the Arctic? According to scientists, “It’s clear that most of the microplastics in the snow come from the air.” They fall off the plastic objects and are moved by the wind, just like dust. They mix with ice in the air and fall to the ground as snow. Finding these plastics in Arctic snow means that we may breathe them in. Are they bad for us? Scientists cannot answer this question for now, according to the WHO. We do know that our bodies cannot take in “large” pieces of microplastics. However, if the plastics are small enough, they can find ways into our bodies and stay there for a long time, which can be bad for our health. What’s more, earlier studies have shown that microplastics may contribute to lung cancer risk. Microplastics have also been found in rivers and oceans around the world. Earlier research has found that they low over long distance and into our oceans hurting ecosystems along the way. They sat in our wastewater, then flow into rivers and out to the sea where they are eaten by sea animals. If people then eat these animals, it means that were eating the plastic as well. 41．What did German scientists find recently according to the passage? A．They found that the Arctic was an icy land. B．They found microplastics in Arctic snow. C．They found that the Arctic was the last really clean place left on earth. D．They found rubbish in the ocean. 42．Which of the following statements about microplastics is NOT true? A．They are pieces of plastic smaller than 5 millimeters. B．Most of them in the snow come from the air. C．They fall off the plastic objects and are moved by fish. D．People may breathe them in. 43．We can learn from Paragraph 4 that ________. A．our bodies can take in “large” pieces of microplastics B．microplastics can stay in our bodies for a long time C．microplastics may decrease lung cancer risk D．microplastics can’t be bad for our health 44．Where can microplastics be found? A．In rivers and oceans. B．In some sea animals. C．In wastewater. D．All of the above. 45．What does this passage mainly talk about? A．Don’t eat fish any more. B．Be careful when in the Arctic. C．Scientists didn’t find microplastics in the Arctic. D．Plastic pollution is serious. 【答案】41．B 42．C 43．B 44．D 45．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了如今出现了一种污染——微塑料。本文详细介绍了什么是微塑料以及它对人类和环境的危害。 41．细节理解题。根据第二段“German scientists have recently found microplastics in Arctic snow. (德国科学家最近在北极的雪中发现了微塑料。)”可知，德国科学家最近在北极的雪中发现了微塑料。故选B。 42．细节理解题。根据第三段“They fall off the plastic objects and are moved by the wind, just like dust. (它们从塑料制品上掉下来，像灰尘一样被风吹走。)”可知，它们是被风移动，而非被鱼移动。故选C。 43．细节理解题。根据第四段“However, if the plastics are small enough, they can find ways into our bodies and stay there for a long time, which can be bad for our health. (然而，如果塑料足够小，它们就能进入我们的身体，并在那里停留很长时间，这对我们的健康有害。)”可知，微塑料可以在我们体内停留很长时间。故选B。 44．细节理解题。根据第五段“Microplastics have also been found in rivers and oceans around the world. They sat in our wastewater, then flow into rivers and out to the sea where they are eaten by sea animals. (在世界各地的河流和海洋中也发现了微塑料。它们存在于我们的废水中，然后流入河流和海洋，被海洋动物吃掉。)”可知，在河流和海洋中，废水中和在一些海洋动物中，可以找到微塑料。故选D。 45．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了塑料污染的严重性，包括在北极雪中发现微塑料以及其对健康和环境的潜在危害。故选D。 C Last night’s meteor (流星) shower left many people in the community dissatisfied and demanding answers. According to Gabe Rothselild, Emerald Valley’s mayor, people gathered in the suburbs of the city, carrying heavy telescopes, expecting to watch the brightly burning meteors passing through the sky. What they found instead was a sky so brightened by the city’s lights that it darkened the light of the meteors passing overhead. “My family was so frustrated,” admitted town resident Duane Cosby, “We wanted to make this an unforgettable family outing, but it turned out to be a huge disappointments.” Astronomers—scientists who study stars and planets—have been complaining about this problem for decades. They say that light pollution prevents them from seeing objects in the sky that they could see quite easily in the past. They call on people and the government to take measures to fight against it. There is yet a population besides professional and amateur star observers that suffers even more from light pollution. This population consists of birds, bats frogs, snakes, etc. For example, outdoor lighting severely affects migrating (迁徙的) birds. According to the International Dark-Sky Association. “100 million birds a year throughout North America die in crashes with lighted buildings and towers.” Countless more animals casualties (伤亡) result from the use of artificial lighting. Clearly, people enjoy the benefits of lighting their evenings, but some scientists think it can be harmful for humans, too. They worry that exposure to light while sleeping can increase person’s chances of getting cancer. Emerald Valley is only one community that is becoming aware of the negative effects of light pollution. For years, Flagstaff, Arizona, has enforced lighting regulations in its city in order to assist astronomers at the Lowell Observatory. Similar efforts have been made worldwide, and a movement is underway to remind us to turn off lights when we are not using them, so that other creatures can share the night. 46．It happened last night that ________. A．the city’s lights affected the meteor watching B．the meteors flew past before being noticed C．the city light show attracted many people D．the meteor watching ended up a social outing 47．What do the astronomers complain about? A．Meteor showers occur less often than before B．Their observation equipment is in poor repair C．Light pollution has remained unsolved for years D．Their eyesight is failing due to artificial lighting 48．What the author concerned about according to Paragraph 4? A．Birds may take other migration paths B．Animals living habits may change suddenly C．Varieties of animals will become sharply reduced D．Animals’ survival is threatened by outdoor lighting 49．Lighting regulations in Flagstaff, Arizona are put into effect to ________. A．Lessen the chance of getting cancer B．create an ideal observation condition C．ensure citizens a good sleep at night D．enable all creatures to live in harmony 50．What message does the author most want to give us? A．Saving wildlife is saving ourselves B．Great efforts should be made to save energy C．Human activities should be environmentally friendly D．New equipment should be introduced for space study 【答案】46．A 47．C 48．D 49．B 50．C 【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章讲述了一个事例，许多人想在晚上看流星雨，但结果由于光线太亮，而影响了他们的观看效果，由此引发了人们对光污染的思考。 46．细节理解题。根据第一段中“What they found instead was a sky so brightened by the city’s lights that it darkened the light of the meteors passing overhead. (相反，他们发现天空被城市的灯光照得如此明亮，以至于遮住了划过头顶的流星的光线。)”可知，城市的灯光影响了人们观看流星。故选A。 47．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Astronomers — scientists who study stars and planets — have been complaining about this problem for decades. They say that light pollution prevents them from seeing objects in the sky that they could see quite easily in the past. (研究恒星和行星的天文学家和科学家们几十年来一直在抱怨这个问题。他们说，光污染使他们无法看到天空中的物体，而在过去，他们可以很容易地看到这些物体。)”可知，天文学家抱怨光污染多年来一直没有解决。故选C。 48．推理判断题。根据“For example, outdoor lighting severely affects migrating (迁徙的) birds. (例如，户外照明会严重影响候鸟。)”以及“100 million birds a year throughout North America die in crashes with lighted buildings and towers. (在北美，每年有1亿只鸟死于与灯火通明的建筑物和塔楼相撞。)”可知，作者担心动物的生存受到户外照明的威胁。故选D。 49．推理判断题。根据“For years, Flagstaff, Arizona, has enforced lighting regulations in its city in order to assist astronomers at the Lowell Observatory. (多年来，为了帮助洛厄尔天文台的天文学家，亚利桑那州的弗拉格斯塔夫一直在该市实施照明规定。)”可知，亚利桑那州弗拉格斯塔夫的照明法规生效，以创造理想的观察条件。故选B。 50．推理判断题。文章主要讲的是灯光污染给人类和其它生物带来的影响，而灯光的直接造成原因就是人类本身，因此作者写本文主要是要告知人们人类的活动应该要注意环保。故选C。 VI.句子改错 (共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分) 每个句子只有一处错误，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。不允许改变原句的意思。 增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号 (∧)，并在后面横线上写出该加的词。 删除：在多余的词下画一横线，并在后面横线上写出该词，用 ( ) 划掉。 修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在后面横线上写出修改后的词。 51．We usually go to school by foot.​ (单句改错) 【答案】by → on 【详解】考查介词搭配。句意：我们通常步行去上学。“步行”的固定表达是on foot，而不是by foot。by通常用于搭配交通工具，如by bus、by bike。故答案为：by → on。 52．He made a lot of progresses in English.​ (单句改错) 【答案】progresses → progress 【详解】考查不可数名词。句意：他在英语方面取得了很大进步。progress是不可数名词，没有复数形式，不能加-es。故答案为：progresses → progress。 53．My mother bought a new bag for I yesterday.​ (单句改错) 【答案】I → me 【详解】考查人称代词的宾格。句意：我妈妈昨天给我买了一个新包。介词for后面需要接人称代词的宾格形式，I是主格，只能作主语；me是宾格，可作宾语或介词的宾语。故答案为：I → me。 54．He speaks loudly than his brother. (改错) 【答案】loudly→ more loudly 【详解】考查副词比较级。句意：他说话比他兄弟声大。根据than可知，副词loudly需用比较级形式more loudly。故答案为：loudly→ more loudly。 55．He is going to buy an useful book and a university dictionary.​ (单句改错) 【答案】an→a 【详解】考查冠词。句意：他打算买一本有用的书和一本大学词典。分析句子可知，“useful”虽然以元音字母开头，但其发音以辅音音素/juː/开头，故应使用不定冠词“a”，需对其进行修改。故答案为：an→ a。 56．It’s time to make the change, for we have been suffered a lot. (单句改错) 【答案】suffered→suffering 【详解】考查现在完成进行时。句意：是时候做出改变了，因为我们已经受了很多苦。“suffer”与主语“we”是主动关系，不用被动语态，且根据句意可知，表示从过去持续到现在的动作或状态应用“have been + 现在分词”构成现在完成进行时，故应用现在分词suffering，而不是过去分词suffered。故答案为：suffered→suffering。 57．Some measures must be taken to prevent the fire to spreading. (单句改错) 【答案】to→from 【详解】考查介词搭配。句意：必须采取一些措施来防止火势蔓延。“prevent...from doing sth.”是固定搭配，意为“阻止……做某事”，所以要把to改为from。故答案为：to→from。 58．Friendship is one of greatest treasures in life. (单句改错) 【答案】of∧greatest→ the 【详解】考查冠词和形容词最高级句型。句意：友谊是人生中最宝贵的财富之一。此题考查形容词最高级句型“one of + 形容词最高级+名词复数 (最……的人或事物之一)”，形容词最高级前需加定冠词表特指，故题中形容词最高级greatest前需加the。故答案为：of∧greatest→ the。 59．I grew up in Canada, that is known as a rich and developed country. (单句改错) 【答案】that→ which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我在加拿大长大，加拿大是一个众所周知的富裕且发达的国家。分析句子结构可知，本句为非限制性定语从句，先行词为Canada，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，关系词应用which，that不能引导非限制性定语从句，故将that改成which。故答案为：that→ which。 60．In a rainy evening, he left home alone. (指出错误并改错) 【答案】In→On 【详解】考查介词。句意：在一个雨天的晚上，他独自离开了家。在表示具体某一天的上午、下午、晚上时，要用介词“on”，“a rainy evening”表示具体的特定的晚上，此时应把“in”改为“on”。故答案为：In→On。 Ⅶ. 短语填空（共 10 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 20 分） 根据句子内容选择正确短语并用其适当形式填空。 make use of；in danger；by the time；get rid of；in the end；on the whole；carry on；pick up；come across；all over the world 61. Many wild animals are _____ of extinction without immediate protection measures. 62. Environmental protection has become a hot topic _____ today. 63. _____ , the government took effective measures to improve the air quality. 64. _____ we realized the importance of environmental protection, much damage was done. 65. _____ the green campaign has made great progress in our community. 66. It is important for factories to _____ all kinds of waste before discharging it. 67. Waste materials can be _____ to make new products and save natural resources. 68. Volunteers went to the beach to _____ the garbage left by tourists last weekend. 69. Although facing many difficulties, we must _____ with the environmental protection work. 70. While walking in the forest, the students _____ many rare plants and birds. 【答案】61. in danger 62. all over the world 63. In the end 64. By the time 65. On the whole 66. get rid of 67. made use of 68. pick up 69. carry on 70. came across 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 ( 1 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 编写说明：本套试卷紧扣《英语 基础模块2》（高教版第三版）教材，以教材单元为基准精准覆盖核心考点。 每个单元设置AB卷，A卷为基础巩固卷，侧重基础考点训练，帮助学生扎实掌握知识要点；B卷为能力提升卷，注重知识整合与全面检测，引导学生构建知识网络。全书设计4份综合测试卷，模拟实战情境，聚焦解题能力突破，全面提升应试能力与知识应用水平。 《英语 基础模块2》（高教版第三版）《单元过关卷》 Unit 8 Green Earth B卷·能力提升 考试时间：120分钟 满分：100分 班级 姓名 学号 成绩 Ⅰ.语音辨析。 (共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分) 读下列单词，从每题所给的 A、 B、 C 和 D 四个选项中，选出画线部分发音不同的一项。 1．A．sea B．break C．meat D．clean 2．A．food B．good C．wool D．cook 3．A．horse B．world C．for D．story 4．A．bike B．sit C．rice D．kite 5．A．cat B．face C．map D．hat Ⅱ. 单项选择（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分） 阅读下列句子，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 6．— John sings well in our class. — . We all like his voice. A．So he is B．So does he C．So he does D. So did he 7． —David has made great progress recently. —_____, and _____. Keep up the good work, Tom. A．So he has; so you have B．So he has; so have you C．So has he; so have you D. So has he, so you have 8．__________ use cycle paths if you can when cycling. A．Must B．Should C．Can D．Do 9．—You know much about the film. Did you see it not long ago? —Yes, I ________ see it yesterday. It’s wonderful. A．didn’t B．do C．did D．have 10．Don’t let yourself ________ by his sweet words. He does ________ the habit of saying bad words behind people. A．fooled; have B．be fooled; have C．fooled; has D．be fooled; has 11．一Do you usually go to the cinema, Miss Li? 一I did there often, but now I’m used to ________ movies online. A．go；watch B．going；watch C．go；watching D. going; watching 12．________come to my birthday party. A．Be B．Have C．Do D．Can 13．—When did you get to know her? —It was in 1998 ________ we worked together. A．that B．since C．which D．when 14．It was the training ________ he had as a young man ________ made him such a good engineer. A．what; that B．that; what C．that; which D．which; that 15．It’s the policeman ________ helped me find the shop. A．which B．whom C．who D．whose 16．—Look at the photo! What a wonderful time you are having ________ the mountain! —Exactly! It is in Mountain Huang ________ we enjoyed ourselves last summer. A．climbing; where B．to climb; where C．climbing; that D．to climb; that 17．Don’t take animal signs or star signs so seriously. ________ you who shape your own life. A．This is B．That is C．It is D．They are 18．It’s what you do right now ________ makes a difference to your future. A．what B．who C．that D. which 19．It was at 10 p.m. yesterday _________ he came home from work. A．that B．when C．which D．what 20．—When was it________ you realized she was a famous film star? —________she took off her dark glasses. A．when, When B．that, Until C．When, Until D．that, Not until Ⅲ. 完形填空（共 10 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 10 分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 When Chinese people find out that someone comes from London, they often say, “London is a foggy city, isn’t it?” British people who visit China often have to say that London is not a foggy city at all! But if London is not foggy, _______ do so many people in China think it is? In fact, London used to be a foggy city, _______ it isn’t any more. In London lots of fog came from factories, but a lot of it came from coal（煤）because people used it in their houses _______ warm during the winter. By the 1950s, air pollution had become so _______ that the government decided to do something to clean up the air. A new rule was made. It said that _______ was allowed to burn（燃烧）coal in any British city. Just a few years _______, the air became much cleaner. Now many Chinese cities meet the same kind of _______ with air pollution that London met forty or fifty years ago. However, this problem is more difficult for Chinese cities to _______. First, more of the pollution comes from big factories than from coal that people use in their houses. If these factories are suddenly closed, lots of people _______ their jobs. Second, cleaner fuels（燃料）are quite expensive. However, the air in many cities is already slowly becoming cleaner, because the government and ordinary people are trying to make pollution ________. As a result, the air in Beijing is getting cleaner and cleaner. 21．A．what B．when C．which D．why 22．A．and B．but C．so D．or 23．A．to keep B．keeping C．kept D．keep 24．A．well B．good C．badly D．bad 25．A．somebody B．anybody C．nobody D．everybody 26．A．before B．ago C．later D．after 27．A．problem B．question C．accident D．discussion 28．A．find B．answer C．solve D．save 29．A．lost B．lose C．would lose D．will lose 30．A．little B．less C．much D．more Ⅳ.补全对话（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 根据对话内容，从对话后所给的七个选项中，选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。(选项中有两项是多余的) Jessica and Mr.Brown are talking on the phone.  J=Jessica, B=Mr. Brown. J: Hi! This is Jessica. That is the Friends of the Environment Office, isn’t it? B: ____31____ J: Oh good. I’m doing a project at school about the environment and my teacher says this will be a good place to get some information. B: Well, I’d be glad to help you. ____32____ J: Well, I have no idea. That’s kind of why I’m here, actually. B: ____33____ Do you know much about the greenhouse effect? J: Yeah, but I think a lot of people are already doing the research on it. B: ____34____ J: Good idea! I’ve heard that water pollution is a serious problem. Do you have any information about it ? B: Yes. ____35____ J: Thanks a lot. I’ll read them first. A．I agree. B．Yes, it is. C．How can I do that? D．Well, it doesn’t matter. E．What do you want to know about? F．I can provide you with some reports on water pollution. G．Then how about doing some research on water pollution? Ⅴ.阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分） 阅读下面短文A，判断36~40小题是否正确。若正确，把选项T涂黑；若错误，把选项F涂黑。阅读短文B和C，从每小题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A There was once a little gray planet that was very sad. The people living there hadn’t looked after it, even though they had all the inventions and space ships you could ever need. They had polluted the whole countryside so much with rubbish and pollution that there were no plants or animals left. One day, a little boy was walking on the planet, when he passed a cave and noticed a small red flower inside. The flower was very sick almost dying so the boy carefully dug up the flower, with roots, soil and everything. Then, he started looking for a place where it could grow well. He searched all over the planet, but everywhere was so polluted that there was no place the flower could possibly live in.Then he looked up at the sky and noticed the moon. It seemed that maybe the plant could survive(生存) there. So the little boy climbed into a space ship. He put the little red flower in the back, and off they went to the moon. Far away from all that pollution, the flower soon grew up, giving birth to others, and these other flowers spread onto other flowers. Before long, the whole moon was completely covered with flowers. That’s why, whenever the little boy’s flowers open up, for a few minutes the moon takes on a soft red sheen(光辉), like a warning light. Maybe it’s telling us that if you don’t look after your planet, a day will come when flowers will only be able to grow on the moon. 36．The little gray planet was sad because there wasn’t too much space. 37．One day, a little boy found a small flower that was dead in a cave. 38．The boy wanted to save the red flower so he took it to the moon. 39．The red flowers were taken good care of by the boy and grew so well. 40．The passage mainly tells us we should take steps to protect our envirionment. B When you think of the Arctic (北极), you imagine an icy land of pure white snow. Others imagine it as the last really clean place left on earth. We have polluted the deepest oceans with plastic rubbish. “And now,” CNN says, “it’s the Arctic’s turn.” German scientists have recently found microplastics in Arctic snow. Microplastics are pieces of plastic smaller than 5 millimeters. Sadly, the scientists found 1,800 pieces of microplastics per liter of (每升) snow. How is plastic pollution reaching the Arctic? According to scientists, “It’s clear that most of the microplastics in the snow come from the air.” They fall off the plastic objects and are moved by the wind, just like dust. They mix with ice in the air and fall to the ground as snow. Finding these plastics in Arctic snow means that we may breathe them in. Are they bad for us? Scientists cannot answer this question for now, according to the WHO. We do know that our bodies cannot take in “large” pieces of microplastics. However, if the plastics are small enough, they can find ways into our bodies and stay there for a long time, which can be bad for our health. What’s more, earlier studies have shown that microplastics may contribute to lung cancer risk. Microplastics have also been found in rivers and oceans around the world. Earlier research has found that they low over long distance and into our oceans hurting ecosystems along the way. They sat in our wastewater, then flow into rivers and out to the sea where they are eaten by sea animals. If people then eat these animals, it means that were eating the plastic as well. 41．What did German scientists find recently according to the passage? A．They found that the Arctic was an icy land. B．They found microplastics in Arctic snow. C．They found that the Arctic was the last really clean place left on earth. D．They found rubbish in the ocean. 42．Which of the following statements about microplastics is NOT true? A．They are pieces of plastic smaller than 5 millimeters. B．Most of them in the snow come from the air. C．They fall off the plastic objects and are moved by fish. D．People may breathe them in. 43．We can learn from Paragraph 4 that ________. A．our bodies can take in “large” pieces of microplastics B．microplastics can stay in our bodies for a long time C．microplastics may decrease lung cancer risk D．microplastics can’t be bad for our health 44．Where can microplastics be found? A．In rivers and oceans. B．In some sea animals. C．In wastewater. D．All of the above. 45．What does this passage mainly talk about? A．Don’t eat fish any more. B．Be careful when in the Arctic. C．Scientists didn’t find microplastics in the Arctic. D．Plastic pollution is serious. C Last night’s meteor (流星) shower left many people in the community dissatisfied and demanding answers. According to Gabe Rothselild, Emerald Valley’s mayor, people gathered in the suburbs of the city, carrying heavy telescopes, expecting to watch the brightly burning meteors passing through the sky. What they found instead was a sky so brightened by the city’s lights that it darkened the light of the meteors passing overhead. “My family was so frustrated,” admitted town resident Duane Cosby, “We wanted to make this an unforgettable family outing, but it turned out to be a huge disappointments.” Astronomers—scientists who study stars and planets—have been complaining about this problem for decades. They say that light pollution prevents them from seeing objects in the sky that they could see quite easily in the past. They call on people and the government to take measures to fight against it. There is yet a population besides professional and amateur star observers that suffers even more from light pollution. This population consists of birds, bats frogs, snakes, etc. For example, outdoor lighting severely affects migrating (迁徙的) birds. According to the International Dark-Sky Association. “100 million birds a year throughout North America die in crashes with lighted buildings and towers.” Countless more animals casualties (伤亡) result from the use of artificial lighting. Clearly, people enjoy the benefits of lighting their evenings, but some scientists think it can be harmful for humans, too. They worry that exposure to light while sleeping can increase person’s chances of getting cancer. Emerald Valley is only one community that is becoming aware of the negative effects of light pollution. For years, Flagstaff, Arizona, has enforced lighting regulations in its city in order to assist astronomers at the Lowell Observatory. Similar efforts have been made worldwide, and a movement is underway to remind us to turn off lights when we are not using them, so that other creatures can share the night. 46．It happened last night that ________. A．the city’s lights affected the meteor watching B．the meteors flew past before being noticed C．the city light show attracted many people D．the meteor watching ended up a social outing 47．What do the astronomers complain about? A．Meteor showers occur less often than before B．Their observation equipment is in poor repair C．Light pollution has remained unsolved for years D．Their eyesight is failing due to artificial lighting 48．What the author concerned about according to Paragraph 4? A．Birds may take other migration paths B．Animals living habits may change suddenly C．Varieties of animals will become sharply reduced D．Animals’ survival is threatened by outdoor lighting 49．Lighting regulations in Flagstaff, Arizona are put into effect to ________. A．Lessen the chance of getting cancer B．create an ideal observation condition C．ensure citizens a good sleep at night D．enable all creatures to live in harmony 50．What message does the author most want to give us? A．Saving wildlife is saving ourselves B．Great efforts should be made to save energy C．Human activities should be environmentally friendly D．New equipment should be introduced for space study VI.句子改错 (共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分) 每个句子只有一处错误，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。不允许改变原句的意思。 增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号 (∧)，并在后面横线上写出该加的词。 删除：在多余的词下画一横线，并在后面横线上写出该词，用 ( ) 划掉。 修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在后面横线上写出修改后的词。 51．We usually go to school by foot.​ (单句改错) 52．He made a lot of progresses in English.​ (单句改错) 53．My mother bought a new bag for I yesterday.​ (单句改错) 54．He speaks loudly than his brother. (改错) 55．He is going to buy an useful book and a university dictionary.​ (单句改错) 56．It’s time to make the change, for we have been suffered a lot. (单句改错) 57．Some measures must be taken to prevent the fire to spreading. (单句改错) 58．Friendship is one of greatest treasures in life. (单句改错) 59．I grew up in Canada, that is known as a rich and developed country. (单句改错) 60．In a rainy evening, he left home alone. (指出错误并改错) Ⅶ. 短语填空（共 10 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 20 分） 根据句子内容选择正确短语并用其适当形式填空。 make use of；in danger；by the time；get rid of；in the end；on the whole；carry on；pick up；come across；all over the world 61. Many wild animals are _____ of extinction without immediate protection measures. 62. Environmental protection has become a hot topic _____ today. 63. _____ , the government took effective measures to improve the air quality. 64. _____ we realized the importance of environmental protection, much damage was done. 65. _____ the green campaign has made great progress in our community. 66. It is important for factories to _____ all kinds of waste before discharging it. 67. Waste materials can be _____ to make new products and save natural resources. 68. Volunteers went to the beach to _____ the garbage left by tourists last weekend. 69. Although facing many difficulties, we must _____ with the environmental protection work. 70. While walking in the forest, the students _____ many rare plants and birds. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 ( 1 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $