Unit 5 单元检测卷 2025-2026学年译林版八年级英语下册

8B Unit 5 单元检测卷 1、 单项选择 ( )1.There was a big stone my way my way home yesterday. A. at; by B. in; by C. on; in D. in; on ( )2. You won't get true friendship you treat others with kindness. A. if B. unless C. because D. although ( )3.——I hear that a new five-star hotel has been built in this area. —— Yes. It can provide wonderful service, making customers . A. enjoy their meals B. spend more money C. feel at home D. keep their word ( )4. Hold the rope, look forward and take one step . Try more and you will be good at it. A. on time B. from time to time C. all the time D. at a time ( )5.—— Can you tell us when the disease can be prevented completely? ——I'm afraid it is still to talk about that.We’ ll see. A. so late B. so early C. too late D. too early ( )6. In Britain, people won't touch you or push past you if you' re . A. on their way B. in their way C. by the way D. in this way ( )7.—— The old man said he was by the warm help from the community when he was sick. —— It’s true that small kindness can always bring great warmth to people in need. ( )8. My father drive to his workplace, but now he has riding a bike there to keep fit. A. used to; used to B. got used to; used to C. used to; got used to D. used to; get used to ( )9. Tom and John are discussing buying a new house: Tom: Have you decided to buy that new house? John: Not yet. My wife must see it first. You know women always have the last word. Question: What does John mean by saying“women always have the last word”? A. Women usually talk more. B. Women have the final right to decide. C. Women prefer to speak last in a discussion. D. Women are better at giving others advice. ( )10.—— Our team finally got into the final match of the basketball game! ---- You all worked so hard for it. A. I'm sorry to hear that. B. Well done! Congratulations to you all. C. It doesn't matter. D. You' re welcome. 二．完形填空 Lin Tao is a Grade 8 student in Suzhou. He used to be a boy with bad manners, but he has changed a lot after his school held the Good Manners Week. Before, Lin Tao didn’t care about manners at all. He often 1 litter everywhere in the school. He talked loudly in the library and disturbed other 2 . He often jumped the line when he got on the bus, and he 3 gave his seat to the old people. His teachers and parents told him many times to have good manners, 4 he didn’t listen. Last month, his school held the Good Manners Week. There were many activities, like speeches, picture shows and story competitions. Lin Tao’s teacher asked him to 5 the story competition about good manners. At first, Lin Tao didn’t want to join. But his teacher said, “This is a good chance for you to learn about good manners. You can write about your own story.” So Lin Tao 6 to join. To write the story, Lin Tao read many books about good manners. He learned that good manners are not just words, but 7 that can make people feel warm and comfortable. He also learned that being polite can help him get on well with others. Lin Tao wrote a story about his own change. He told about his bad manners before, and 8 he decided to change. He won the third prize in the competition. After that, Lin Tao really 9 . He stopped dropping litter everywhere, and he started to keep the school clean. He kept quiet in the library and didn’t disturb other readers. He waited in line 10 when he got on the bus, and he often gave his seat to the old and the disabled. One day, Lin Tao saw a little boy dropping a banana skin on the road. He went up to him 11 and said, “Excuse me, little boy. Don’t drop litter on the road. Someone may step on it and fall down. We should keep the road clean.” The little boy said sorry at once and 12 the banana skin up. He put it into the rubbish bin. Lin Tao’s parents and teachers were very 13 to see his change. They praised him for his good manners. Lin Tao said, “Good manners are very important in our lives. 14 is important to be polite to everyone around us. We should not only know about good manners, but also 15 them in our daily life.” 1．A．picked B．dropped C．got D．took 2．A．teachers B．workers C．readers D．writers 3．A．always B．often C．sometimes D．never 4．A．but B．and C．so D．or 5．A．hold B．join C．leave D．start 6．A．refused B．forgot C．agreed D．hated 7．A．actions B．words C．stories D．lessons 8．A．what B．which C．why D．how 9．A．changed B．stopped C．continued D．refused 10．A．angrily B．patiently C．loudly D．suddenly 11．A．rudely B．politely C．strictly D．seriously 12．A．picked B．took C．brought D．turned 13．A．sad B．worried C．surprised D．happy 14．A．It B．That C．This D．One 15．A．forget B．use C．refuse D．break 三、阅读理解 A Greeting is a useful way to communicate with others. People in different places have different greeting manners. Here are some interesting ones. Cheek (脸颊) kisses are common in so many countries across the world. In France, the number of kisses is from once to four times from city to village. But twice is by far the most common. In Spain, Brazil, Germany, Italy and other countries, people also greet each other by kissing cheeks. In Tibet, people usually greet each other by sticking out their tongues (舌头). The greeting tradition began from monks (和尚), who would stick out their tongues to show that they came in peace. Clapping (拍) hands is the way to greet each other in Zimbabwe and Mozambique. In Zimbabwe, people clap hands as part of a hello. The first person claps once, and the second person twice in response (作为回应). Touching noses is popular in Qatar, Yemen, Oman and the United Arab Emirates. When people meet, they usually greet by touching their noses. 1．What can we know from the text? A．In Spain people greet each other by kissing cheeks. B．People in Mozambique greet each other by shaking heads. C．People in Qatar also greet by kissing. D．The greeting tradition in Tibet comes from doctors. 2．How do people greet each other in Yemen? A． B． C． D． 3．What is the text mainly about? A．Some different ways to greet each other. B．The importance of greeting each other correctly. C．Interesting ways to show people’s feelings. D．The right ways to welcome others in Europe. B 4．What time do Western people usually have dinner? A．At midday. B．At 5:00 in the afternoon. C．At around 7 p.m. or even later. D．At 4:00 in the afternoon. 5．What will a host probably say to a guest at the start of a meal? A．Can I help you? B．Eat slowly! C．Help yourself! D．Could you serve me? 6．Which of the following is helpful when you’re in the West according to the poster? A．You can leave as soon as you’ve finished eating. B．If you don’t know what to do, just watch the others and do as they do. C．You can’t eat chicken legs with your fingers. D．The fork is held in your right hand and the knife in your left. C In many countries, people have different ideas about what “good manners” are. For example, in some cultures, it is polite to finish all the food on your plate, because it shows you enjoyed the meal. In other cultures, leaving a little food on your plate means that the host gave you enough to eat, and you are not still hungry. Burping (打嗝) after a meal is considered rude in most Western countries, but in some parts of Asia and the Middle East, it can be a compliment (赞美) to the cook. It means the food was delicious. In many Western countries, people use forks and knives to eat. In China, chopsticks are the main tool. Using chopsticks correctly is a sign of good manners. For example, you should never stick chopsticks straight up into a bowl of rice, because that is connected with funerals (葬礼). When visiting someone’s home in Japan, it is polite to take off your shoes at the door. In many European homes, however, people often keep their shoes on. Learning about these differences can help you avoid making mistakes when you travel or meet people from other cultures. 7．In some cultures, leaving a little food on your plate shows ________. A．you don’t like the food B．the host didn’t give enough food C．you are full and polite D．you want to take food home 8．In which places might burping be seen as a compliment? A．Most Western countries. B．Parts of Asia and the Middle East. C．Japan only. D．All European countries. 9．Why should you never stick chopsticks straight up into a bowl of rice? A．Because it is difficult to eat that way. B．Because it means something bad about death. C．Because it shows you are still hungry. D．Because it is a sign of being lazy. 10．What is the best title for the passage? A．How to Use Chopsticks Correctly B．The History of Table Manners C．Different Manners in Different Cultures D．Why Burping Is Rude Everywhere D Manners are an important part of culture. They vary from country to country, but the spirit of kindness is the same. In China, table manners are quite special. People usually sit in a circle around a round table. It’s impolite to start eating before everyone is ready. When eating, you should keep your mouth closed and chew quietly. You shouldn’t talk with food in your mouth. It’s also polite to praise the food and thank the host. In Western countries, like the UK, people often sit around a rectangular table. They use knives and forks to eat. It’s common to leave a tip for the waiter after the meal. This shows appreciation for their service. Museum rules are similar worldwide. Visitors must not touch or damage the artwork. They should keep quiet and avoid running. Listening to music or playing games on phones is allowed only with earphones. Understanding these manners helps us respect different cultures. It also makes our travels and communications smoother. Good manners are not difficult to learn, but they can bring great benefits. 11．What is the main idea of the passage? A．Chinese table manners are the best. B．Manners vary across cultures but share kindness. C．Western countries have better manners. D．Museum rules are different everywhere. 12．How do Chinese people usually sit for dinner? A．In a line. B．Around a round table. C．Around a rectangular table. D．In a group. 13．What is impolite when eating in China? A．Praising the food. B．Thanking the host. C．Talking with food in the mouth. D．Sitting in a circle. 14．What do British people often do after meals? A．Leave a tip. B．Praise the host. C．Talk loudly. D．Touch the table. 15．Which of the following is a common museum rule? A．Running freely. B．Touching the artwork. C．Keeping quiet. D．Playing music without earphones. 七选五： Gift giving traditions are greatly different from one country to another. 1 Take a look at the special gifting traditions from around the world. 2 Many Americans think practical gifts like this are useful and thoughtful. However, in certain European countries like Germany, people believe that a knife presented as a gift will cut off your friendship. 3 So behaviours such as touching and giving gifts are to be done with right hands. This tradition comes from long-held cultural thoughts about cleanliness and respect. In Indian culture, an odd number (奇数) of things or money stands for good luck. Indians often choose odd numbers for gifts to send good wishes. 4 In Zimbabwe, it is common to directly ask for a gift. When you receive a gift without asking for it, even if the giver’s family is poor, it’s the worst way to refuse the offering. 5 These may include jumping up and down, dancing or cheering. A．For example, £11 should be given instead of £10. B．In Indian culture, left hands are thought to be unclean. C．You’d better give a much more expensive gift in return. D．In the US, a set of kitchen knives seems a perfect gift idea. E．For example, you can give them two bottles of wine as a present. F．Also, expressing thanks with actions is better than just saying “thanks”. G．A behaviour that shows respect in one place might be impolite somewhere else. 首字母填空 There is going to be a talk on visiting manners. The purpose of the talk is to teach students r 1_____for visiting. Good visiting manners make our experiences h 2 . Whether(无论) visiting museums, places of interest, or friends’ homes, it's important to f 3 proper rules. When visiting museums, remember three rules. First,many places have p 4 signs, saying“No touching” or“No photos”— follow these instructions. Second, keep your v 5 down. Just enjoy art and history quietly. Third,never run or shout as it troubles others. When visiting a friend's home, bring a small g 6 like flowers or chocolates. You are e 7 to take off shoes in some families. Never t__8____ private(私人的) things if the host doesn't agree. For group visits like school trips, stay with your group and listen to guides c 9 . Put up your hand for questions i 10 of shouting out. As the saying goes,“Good manners will open doors that the best education cannot.” Let's all be polite visitors. 五、选词填空(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分) 从方框中选择恰当的词或短语并用其正确的形式填空(每个词或短语只能用一次)。 on time; realize; wait in line; cool off ; in case ; run into; cheat; keep one’s word; even though; one another 1. We should help when we study in the group. 2. She didn't her mistake until the teacher pointed it out. 3. Please at the Lianyungang RailwayStation ticket office. 4. Let's go to the beach to this hot summer evening. 5. A good friend should always and never tell lies. 6. Also, WWF is famous for the“Living Planet Report”. It has been published every two years since 1998. 7. He took an umbrella it might rain during the trip. 8. I my old classmate at HaizhouCommercial Street yesterday. 9. he is young, he knows a lot aboutLianyungang's history. 10. It’s wrong to in the English exam. Be honest! 三、任务型阅读 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答问题。每题答案不超过6个词。 Xu Heng was a famous scholar and educator in the Yuan Dynasty. He was known for his honesty, integrity and good manners. One hot summer day, Xu Heng was travelling with several other people. They walked for a long time under the burning sun, and they were all very thirsty and tired. Suddenly, they saw a big pear tree beside the road. It was full of ripe, juicy pears. All the other travellers ran to the tree at once. They climbed the tree, picked the pears, and ate them happily. But Xu Heng just sat under a tree and rested. He didn’t move to pick any pears. One of his friends came to him and said, “Xu Heng, why don’t you pick a pear? We are so thirsty! The pears look so delicious.” Xu Heng shook his head and said, “The pear tree is not mine. I can’t take the pears without the owner’s permission. It’s wrong.” His friend laughed and said, “Oh, come on! The owner of the tree is not here. There is no one around. No one will know if you take a pear.” Xu Heng looked at his friend seriously and said, “Even if the owner is not here, my heart is here. I must be honest. I can’t do something that is wrong, even if no one sees it.” His friend felt very ashamed when he heard this. He stopped eating the pear, and said, “You are right. We shouldn’t take others’ things.” Later, people heard this story, and they all praised Xu Heng for his honesty and integrity. They called him a “true gentleman”. Even today, Xu Heng’s story still teaches us the importance of being honest, having good manners, and doing the right thing, even when no one is watching. 1．Which dynasty was Xu Heng from? 2．Why were the travellers thirsty? 3．What was beside the road? 4．Why didn’t Xu Heng pick the pears? 5．What did people call Xu Heng? 七、书面表达(共1小题；满分25分) 假设你是李华，你的英国笔友 Peter将来中国旅行，想了解中国的日常礼仪。请根据以下要点，给 Peter写一封电子邮件。 见面时的礼仪 如握手、问候对方近况等(可补充具体方式) 公共场合的礼仪 如排队、不大声喧哗等(可补充其他行为) 用餐时的礼仪 如不浪费食物、等主人先动筷等(可补充细节) 【要求】1.包含所有要点，可适当发挥。 19.语言通顺、语法正确。 20.词数100左右(邮件开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数)。 Dear Peter, 试卷第10页，共11页 试卷第1页，共11页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 8B Unit 5 单元检测卷 答案 + 详细解析 一、单项选择 1. B 解析：in one’s way 挡路；on one’s way home 在回家路上。 2. B 解析：unless 除非，句意：除非你友善待人，否则得不到真正的友谊。 3. C 解析：feel at home 宾至如归，符合酒店服务让顾客舒适的语境。 4. D 解析：at a time 一次；句意：握住绳子，向前看，一次走一步。 5. D 解析：too early to do 太早而不能；句意：现在谈论完全预防还为时过早。 6. B 解析：in one’s way 挡路；英国人不会触碰或推开挡路的人。 7. A 解析：moved 感动；老人被社区的热心帮助感动。 8. C 解析：used to do 过去常常；get used to doing 习惯于做。 9. B 解析：have the last word 有最终决定权。 10. B 解析：Well done! Congratulations! 用于祝贺比赛晋级。 二完形填空 1．B 2．C 3．D 4．A 5．B 6．C 7．A 8．D 9．A 10．B 11．B 12．A 13．D 14．A 15．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述学生林涛从举止失礼，在他人引导下醒悟改正，学会礼貌待人并主动影响他人的成长故事。 1．句意：他过去经常在学校到处乱扔垃圾。 文中讲述林涛从前不讲文明，时态为一般过去时，dropped litter可表示“扔垃圾”。picked“捡起，采摘，挑选”、got“得到”、took“拿走”，均不符合语境。 2．句意：他在图书馆大声喧哗，打扰了其他读者。 结合图书馆场景，readers“读者”，贴合场所人物身份。teachers“老师”、workers“工人”、writers“作家”，均不符合图书馆的环境设定。 3．句意：他乘车时常插队，从不主动给老人让座。 结合人物失礼的形象，never“从不”，符合语境。always“总是”、often“经常”、sometimes“有时”，均不符合人物不礼貌的行为特点。 4．句意：老师和父母多次叮嘱他要懂礼貌，可他始终不听劝。 前后语义相反，故用but表转折关系。and“并且”表并列、so“所以”表因果、or“或者”表选择，逻辑关系均不匹配。 5．句意：老师让林涛参加一场关于文明礼仪的故事比赛。 join“参加”，与比赛搭配合理通顺。hold“举办”、leave“离开”、start“开始”，词语搭配不符合语境。 6．句意：听完劝说后，林涛便同意参加这次比赛。 结合上下文，agreed“同意”，符合林涛的选择。refused“拒绝”、forgot“忘记”、hated“厌恶”，均后文参赛的内容相冲突。 7．句意：他渐渐明白，礼貌不止是口头言语，更是温暖他人的实际行动。 actions“行动”可与前文中words“话语”形成对应对比。stories“故事”、lessons“课程”，均无法和言语形成对照。 8．句意：他讲述了自己过往的失礼行为，以及自己打算如何做出改变。 how“如何、怎样”，可用来描述改变的方式。what“什么”、which“哪一个”、why“为什么”，引导从句均不符合语境。 9．句意：参加比赛过后，林涛真正做出了改变。 结合全文转变的主线，changed“改变”，贴合文章主旨。stopped“停止”、continued“继续”、refused“拒绝”，与人物变好的情节不符。 10．句意：如今他乘车会耐心排队，还常常主动帮扶老人和残疾人。 结合礼貌的新形象，patiently“耐心地”符合语境。angrily“生气地”、loudly“大声地”、suddenly“突然地”，均属于不文明举止。 11．句意：他礼貌地走到小男孩身边，温和劝说对方不要随地乱扔。 结合礼貌劝说的语境，politely“礼貌地”符合语境。rudely“粗鲁地”、strictly“严格地”、seriously“严肃地”，均不符合友善劝说的状态。 12．句意：小男孩认识到错误，立刻道歉并捡起了地上的香蕉皮。 picked up“捡起”，符合收拾垃圾的动作。took up“占据；开始学习”、brought up“养育；提出”、turned up“调高；出现”，这些短语均与捡拾垃圾的场景不符。 13．句意：看到林涛的巨大转变，老师和父母都十分欣慰开心。 结合积极的故事情节，happy“开心的”符合林涛转变后，老师和父母的心情。sad“难过的”、worried“担忧的”、surprised“惊讶的”，情感色彩均不符合语境。 14．句意：礼貌对待身边每一个人是重要的。 本句为句型“It is + 形容词 + to do sth.”，it在此作形式主语，用来代替后面真正的主语动词不定式。 15．句意：我们不仅要了解礼仪知识，更要在日常生活中好好运用。 use“运用、践行”，符合文章结尾的呼吁。forget“忘记”、refuse“拒绝”、break“违背”，均与倡导文明礼貌的主旨相反。 阅读理解 1．A 2．B 3．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了一些不同地方的问候方式。 1．根据表格第一部分的最后一句“In Spain, Brazil, Germany, Italy and other countries, people also greet each other by kissing cheeks.”可知，在西班牙用亲吻脸颊的方式问候彼此。 2．根据表格第四部分首句“Touching noses is popular in Qatar, Yemen, Oman and the United Arab Emirates.”可知，在也门，人们用碰鼻子的方式问候彼此。 3．根据第一段中“People in different places have different greeting manners. Here are some interesting ones.”可知，本文主要介绍了一些不同的问候方式。 4．C 5．C 6．B 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了西方的用餐时间、餐桌礼仪以及在西方就餐时的实用建议。 4．文中“Dinner=At around 7 p.m. or even later.”指出，西方人通常在晚上七点左右甚至更晚吃晚餐。 5．文中“At the start of a meal: A guest will be invited to serve himself (‘Help yourself!’)”指出，用餐开始时主人通常会对客人说“请自便”。 6．文中“The golden rule: Watch the other people. Do as they do!”指出，在西方不知道怎么做时，观察别人并效仿是有帮助的。 7．C 8．B 9．B 10．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了不同国家和文化中关于餐桌礼仪、日常礼仪的不同习俗，帮助读者了解文化差异、避免社交失误。 7．第一段“In other cultures, leaving a little food on your plate means that the host gave you enough to eat, and you are not still hungry.”说明在有些文化中，盘中剩一点食物表示客人已饱且感谢主人的款待，这是一种礼貌。 8．第二段“Burping (打嗝) after a meal is considered rude in most Western countries, but in some parts of Asia and the Middle East, it can be a compliment (赞美) to the cook. It means the food was delicious.”说明打嗝被当作赞美的地方是亚洲部分地区和中东。 9．第三段“For example, you should never stick chopsticks straight up into a bowl of rice, because that is connected with funerals (葬礼).”指出，把筷子竖直插在米饭里与葬礼有关，寓意不吉利（与死亡相关）。 10．文章第一段讲不同文化对盘中剩饭的不同看法，第二段讲打嗝的不同礼仪，第三段讲筷子的使用禁忌，第四段讲进门脱鞋的差异。全文围绕“不同文化中的不同礼仪习惯”展开。因此最佳标题是“Different Manners in Different Cultures”。 11．B 12．B 13．C 14．A 15．C 【导语】本文介绍了不同国家的餐桌礼仪和博物馆规则，说明礼仪因文化而异，但核心都是善意与尊重。 11．第一段指出“Manners are an important part of culture. They vary from country to country, but the spirit of kindness is the same.”，最后一段再次强调理解礼仪有助于尊重不同文化，可知文章主旨是礼仪在不同文化中有所不同，但都包含善意。 12．根据第二段“People usually sit in a circle around a round table.”可知，中国人通常围坐在圆桌旁。 13．根据第二段“You shouldn’t talk with food in your mouth.”可知，在中国吃饭时嘴里含着食物说话是不礼貌的。 14．根据第三段“In Western countries, like the UK… it’s common to leave a tip for the waiter after the meal.”可知，英国人饭后常给小费。 15．根据第四段“They should keep quiet and avoid running.”可知，博物馆里保持安静是常见规则。 七选五 1．G 2．D 3．B 4．A 5．F 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了世界各地不同的送礼传统，包括美国、德国、印度和津巴布韦等国家的特殊习俗，说明在不同文化中，送礼的方式和含义可能存在很大差异。 1．上文“Gift giving traditions are greatly different from one country to another.”点明文章主旨——送礼传统因国家而异。下文“Take a look at the special gifting traditions from around the world.”提示接下来要介绍各国的具体习俗。空格处需要一句承上启下的话，既呼应“差异大”的主题，又为下文的具体例子做铺垫。选项G“A behaviour that shows respect in one place might be impolite somewhere else.”正是对“差异大”的具体阐释，同时引出下文各国习俗可能截然不同的情况，逻辑衔接自然。 2．本段下文“However, in certain European countries like Germany, people believe that a knife presented as a gift will cut off your friendship.”中的“However”表示转折，说明空格处应与德国习俗形成对比。关键词“knife”提示空格处也涉及送刀的习俗。选项D“In the US, a set of kitchen knives seems a perfect gift idea.”与德国认为送刀会切断友谊的习俗形成鲜明对比。先讲美国送刀是好意，再用“However”转折引出德国的相反看法，符合英语篇章中对比结构的常见写法。 3．下文“So behaviours such as touching and giving gifts are to be done with right hands.”中的“So”表示因果关系，说明空格处应解释为什么送礼和触摸要用右手。关键词“right hands”提示空格处应与左右手的文化含义有关。选项B“In Indian culture, left hands are thought to be unclean.”表明左手被认为不洁，所以送礼、触摸等行为都应用右手。空格处给出原因，下文用“So”引出结果，构成完整的因果逻辑链。 4．上文“In Indian culture, an odd number of things or money stands for good luck.”介绍了印度文化中奇数代表好运的习俗。空格处需要举例说明这一习俗的具体体现。关键词“odd number”提示空格处应涉及奇数的具体例子。选项A“For example, £11 should be given instead of £10.”正好是对“奇数代表好运”这一习俗的具体举例，“For example”也明确表示这是对上文观点的例证。 5．上文介绍了津巴布韦的送礼习俗。下文“These may include jumping up and down, dancing or cheering.”列举了具体动作，说明空格处应提到某种表达方式，且下文是对其的具体举例。关键词“jumping, dancing, cheering”提示空格处应与“用动作表达”有关。选项F“Also, expressing thanks with actions is better than just saying ‘thanks’.”先提出“用动作表达感谢”的观点，下文用These may include...”举例说明具体是哪些动作，形成“观点+例证”的连贯结构。 五、首字母填空 rules 礼仪规则 happy 愉快的经历 follow 遵守规则 warning 警示标志 voice 压低声音 gift 小礼物 expected 被期望 touch 触碰私人物品 carefully 认真听导游 instead 而不是大喊 六、选词填空 one another 互相帮助 realize 意识到错误 wait in line 排队 cool off 凉快一下 keep his word 信守承诺 on time 按时出版 in case 以防下雨 ran into 偶遇 even though 尽管 cheat 作弊 回答问题 1．The Yuan Dynasty. 2．They walked a long way. 3．A big pear tree. 4．He was honest. 5．A true gentleman. 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述许衡在酷暑中旅行时，拒绝未经许可摘取路旁梨树上的梨，体现了他的诚实与正直的故事。 1．第一段明确提到“Xu Heng was a famous scholar and educator in the Yuan Dynasty.”，这说明许衡是元代著名的学者和教育家。 2．第二段提到“They walked for a long time under the burning sun, and they were all very thirsty and tired.”，这说明旅行者走了很长一段路，所以他们口渴了。 3．第三段明确提到“Suddenly, they saw a big pear tree beside the road.”，这说明路旁有一棵很大的梨树。 4．第六段提到“Xu Heng shook his head and said, ‘The pear tree is not mine. I can’t take the pears without the owner’s permission. It’s wrong.’”，这说明他是诚实的。 5．第十段“They called him a ‘true gentleman’.”明确提到人们称他为“真正的绅士”。 书面表达 Dear Peter, I'm glad to hear you're coming to China. Let me tell you some daily manners here. When we meet people, we usually shake hands and greet them politely. In public, we should wait in line and never speak loudly. It’s polite to offer seats to the old. At table, we wait for the host to start eating first. We shouldn’t waste food or talk with our mouth full. Also, we don’t stick chopsticks into rice. I hope these will help you. Have a good trip! Yours, Li Hua 答案第6页，共7页 答案第7页，共7页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $