清单03 非谓语动词（主语、表语、宾语和宾语补足语）（一）（抢分清单·图文版）2026年高考英语终极冲刺讲练测

非谓语动词作主语 (动名词，动词不定式) 动名词作主语（常用t作形式主语） 核心句型： Doing sth.? It is/was no use/good doing sth It is/was not any use/good doing sth. It is/was of little use/good doing sth. It is/was useless doing sth. a ★ It's a waste of time doing sth. 例句： ● It was no use pretending that I had not seen him,so I waved to him. It is no good trying that method,because it won't work. 二、 动词不定式作主语（常用t作形式主语) 核心句型： It is/was adj.for/of sb.to do sth. of sb. 形容词表人物特性(kind,nice,foolish等)， sb.与形容词构成遢辑系表关系。 for sb. 形容词表动作特征(important,necessary等) 例句： It is important for us to meet personally although we have been in touch in various ways. It is generous of him to contribute so much 非谓语动词作表语 类型 用法说明 动名词 表示具体、特定或有待实现的动作 动词不定式 表示抽象、概念性动作， 主语常为无生命名词或what引导的名词性从句 现在分词 表示“令人…的”（主语为事物) 过去分词 表示“人感到…的”（主语为人) 例句 My dream is to enter Peking University (不定式，抽象动作) 北事大考 Our job is playing all kinds of music. (动名词，具体动作) $月 3 At first she was terrified. (过去分词，人感到害怕) 4 The radiation of nuclear bombing is terrifying. (现在分词，事物令人害怕) 小贴士 判断用哪种非谓语动词作表语，关键看主语和动作的性质哦！ 非谓语作宾语一一不定式作宾语 ★常接不定式作宾语的动词 核心动词： decide/determine,learn,want, I promise expect/hope/wish,refuse,manage,volunteer, to lend you some books pretend,offer,promise,choose,plan, agree,ask/beg,help 记忆口诀： 决心学会想希望，拒绝设法愿假装； 主动答应选计划，同意请求帮一帮 例句： My English teacher promised to lend some books to me. “疑问词+不定式”作宾语 When 适用动词： tell,show,understand,know, to start? explain,teach,learn,advise AFFPRAAPE 例句： Please tell me when to start the project. it t作形式宾语，不定式作真正的宾语 结构： 动词(find/think./consider/feel/ make/believe)+it+宾补+todo (真正宾语) 例句： We think it our duty to protect the environment. 小贴士：不定式作宾语时，通常表示动作的目的、意图或将要发生的动作。 非谓语作宾语一一动名词作宾语 1。只能接动名词作宾语的动词/短语 核心动间/短语 记忆口诀 suggest,imagine,mind,admit,practice risk,keep,avoid,escape,enjoy, 考虑建议盼原谅，承认推迟没得想； consider,finish,miss,insist on, 避免错过继续练，否认完成就欣赏； look forward to,feel like,get down to, 禁止想象才冒险，不禁介意准避免。 object to ☆例句 My mother couldn't help smiling when she heard the good news. 2.特殊情况：介词but后接不定式 结构 BUS I have no choice but to wait here. have no choice but to do sth. ☆例句 They had no choice but to wait here. 【温馨提示】 need/want/require表被动意义时： 不定式用被动语态 动名词用主动形式表被动 to be done doing ☆例句 Your hair needs to be cut.Your hair needs cutting 非谓语作宾语补足语 ☆感官动词（五看二听一感觉） ●感官动词：see,watch,observe,notice,look at,,hear,listen to,feel ●宾补形式： SAINNK do 表主动、完成（被动句中to还原） doing 表主动、进行 done 表被动、完成 例句： The thief was observed to enter the bank. (被动句，to还原) 使役动词 例句： ·He was made 动词 宾补形式 to work day make sb.do sth. (主动)；sb.done(被动) and night. (被动句，to述) let sb.do sth. have sb.do sth.(让做)；sb.doing sth.(容忍做)；sth.done(请人做) get sb.to do sth.(使做)；sth.done(使被做) 例句： leave sb.doing sth.(使处于状态)；sth.undone(使未完成) ·Iwon't have you speaking keep sb./sth.doing sth.(使持续)；sb./sth.done(使保持状态) to your dad like that. find sb.doing sth.(发现正在做)；sth.done(发现被做) (不容忍做) ☆ with复合结构 with十名词/代词+现在分词 with+名词/代词+过去分词 with+名间/代词+不定式 (主动、进行) (被动、完成/状态) (动作未发生) She sat there with her eyes He stood there with his hands She left the room with a lot closed. tied behind him. of work to do. 【温馨提示】 接不定式作宾补的动词：advise,allow,ask,force,.invite,order,,persuade, require,.teach,telL,want等（结构；动词+宾语+todo)。 主语补足语句型：sb be said/believed,/known..+ to do/to have done/to be done/to be doing/to have been done sth. 非谓语动词的形式与功能 种类 形式 主动形式 被动形式 主语 宾语 宾补 表语 定语 状语 一般式 to do to be done 不定式 进行式 to be doing 完成式 to have done to have been done 一般式 doing being done 动名词 完成式 having done having been done 一般式 doing being done 十 现在分词 分词 完成式 having done having been done + + 过去分词 -殷式(i) done(表完成) done(t表被动/完成) √表示该非谓语动词形式可以在该句子成分中使用。 ×表示该非谓语动词形式不可以在该句子成分中使用。 功能举例 8 山 ☆ 自 主语 宾语 宾补 表语 定语 状语 To study I plan We want His dream is The book to He left early hard is to read him to to become read is on to catch important. more books. join us. a doctor. the desk. the bus. 努力学习 我计划 我们想让他 他的梦想是 要读的书在 他早早出发去 很重要。 多读书。 加入我们。 成为一名医生。 桌子上。 赶公交车。 确定谓语动词与 非谓语动词的步骤 判断谓语与非谓语 填谓语动词 例：She reads books 句子无其他动词 (考虑时态、语态、 every day. 主谓一致) (句子中只有一个动词 reads、因此用调语动词) 已有谓语动词 填非谓语动词 例：I enjoy reading books.. 且无连词 (确定doing/,done/ (已有谓语动词enjoy, todo/动名词) 因此用非谓语动词reading) 确定非谓语形式 例：I saw her walking the dog. 逻辑主谓关系 doing (her与walking是主动关系) 例：The gift is made by my mom. 逻辑动宾关系 done (The gift与made是被动关系) 确定非谓语时态 动作时间 主动形式 被动形式 将来动作 to do to be done © 正在进行 doing being done 完成动作 done having done having been done 小贴士：理解句子逻辑关系和动作发生的时间，是选择正确形式的关键！