Unit 8 Imagine that!（语法填空专练）英语新教材沪教版八年级下册

Unit 8 Imagine that! 语法填空专练 话题：人与自然—宇宙和未来 基础篇 01 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 （2024深圳期末）Scientists think that there has been life 1 the earth for hundreds of millions of years. However, we have not found life on any other planets yet. The earth is 2 planet and it goes around the sun. Seven other planets also go around the sun. None of them has an environment like that of the earth, 3 scientists do not think they will find life on 4 (they). The sun and its planets 5 (call) the solar system, and our solar system is a small part of a much 6 (large) group of stars and planets, called the Galaxy or the Milky Way. There are 7 (billion) of stars in the Galaxy, and our sun is only one of them. Scientists have also 8 (discover) many other galaxies in the universe. They are very far away and their light has to travel for many years to reach us. So how large is the universe? It is 9 (possible) to imagine. Scientists have sent spaceships to the planet Mars to take 10 (photo). They have even sent spaceships to travel outside the solar system. 【答案】1．on 2．a 3．so 4．them 5．are called 6．larger 7．billions 8．discovered 9．impossible 10．photos 【来源】广东省深圳市高级中学（集团）2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末考试英语试题 【导语】本文介绍了地球、太阳系、银河系、宇宙的相应关系，介绍了人类对太空的探索现状。 1．句意：科学家们认为地球上有生命已经有几亿年了。on the earth“在地球上”，固定短语。故填on。 2．句意：地球是一颗行星，它绕着太阳转。根据“The earth is...planet”可知，此处指地球是一颗行星，planet“行星”，以辅音音素为开头的可数名词，用不定冠词a修饰，表示“一，一个”。故填a。 3．句意：它们都没有像地球那样的环境，所以科学家们认为他们不会在上面找到生命。根据语意和句子分析可知“None of them has an environment like that of the earth”和 scientists do not think they will find life on...”之间存在因果关系，前因后果。故填so。 4．句意：它们都没有像地球那样的环境，所以科学家们认为他们不会在上面找到生命。根据“they will find life on”可知，空格处位于介词后，应用宾格them。故填them。 5．句意：太阳和它的行星被称为太阳系，我们的太阳系是一个更大的恒星和行星群的一小部分，这个群被称为星系或银河系。根据“The sun and its planets...”可知，复数主语The sun and its planet与动词call之间存在被动关系，应使用“be+过去分词”形式，结合本文的主要时态——一般现在时可知，be动词应用are。故填are called。 6．句意：太阳和它的行星被称为太阳系，我们的太阳系是一个更大的恒星和行星群的一小部分，这个群被称为星系或银河系。根据空格前的much和空格所给形容词large可知，此处应用比较级；much用来修饰形容词或副词的比较级。故填larger。 7．句意：银河系中有数十亿颗恒星，而我们的太阳只是其中之一。根据“There are...of stars”和所给词汇可知，此处考查固定搭配“billions of”，意为“数十亿的”。故填billions。 8．句意：科学家们还发现了宇宙中许多其他星系。根据“Scientists have also...many other galaxies”可知，本句是现在完成时，应用结构“have/has+done”，动词要用过去分词。故填discovered。 9．句意：这是无法想象的。根据“So how large is the universe?”可知，宇宙之大是无法想象的，这里应用形容词possible的反义词impossible。故填impossible。 10．句意：科学家们已经派出宇宙飞船到火星上去拍照了。根据“Scientists have sent spaceships to the planet Mars to take”可知，此处考查固定搭配take photos，意为“拍照”，名词用复数表示泛指。故填photos。 02 Do you have your own spaceship? After many 1 (year) development, many children on Earth had 2 (they) own spaceship. Of course, they were small and couldn’t travel out of 3 solar system. This was fine for everyone except Stanley. He wanted to know what else might be out there, so he worked on his spaceship till it could reach anywhere! Then Stanley invited his friends George and Amanda on his trip. “Today I will take you on a fantastic journey,” said Stanley. They got 4 Stanley’s spaceship and began their trip. Whoosh! The spaceship went. Soon they were flying past the moon. Then they flew much 5 (far) away from the earth. After a while, George and Amanda looked out of the window and saw the sun was just a speck (小点) of light. Around it 6 (be) billions of stars. “That’s our Milky Way,” said Stanley. Next, they went to different 7 (galaxy), some large and some small. They really had a wonderful time. “How great the trip is, Stanley! I never 8 (think) I could travel through the universe,” George said. “You made the impossible thing possible.” “I just did 9 I wanted to do,” said Stanley. “And it was much better 10 (travel) with you guys.” 【答案】1．years’ 2．their 3．the 4．into 5．farther 6．were 7．galaxies 8．thought 9．what 10．to travel 【导语】本文主要讲述了Stanley和他的朋友乘坐他的飞船去不同星系旅行的故事。 1．句意：经过多年的发展后，地球上的许多孩子都有自己的飞船。根据“many”可知，应用复数形式years。空处修饰“development”，应用名词所有格形式。故填years’。 2．句意：经过多年的发展后，地球上的许多孩子都有自己的飞船。根据“many children on Earth had...own spaceship”以及所给单词可知，应填they的形容词性物主代词形式their“他们的”，作定语。故填their。 3．句意：当然，它们很小，不能飞出太阳系。the solar system“太阳系”。故填the。 4．句意：他们进入了Stanley的飞船，开始了他们的旅行。根据“They got...Stanley’s spaceship”可知，应填介词into，表示进入了Stanley的飞船。get into“进入”。故填into。 5．句意：然后他们飞得离地球远得多。根据“Then they flew much...away from the earth.”以及所给单词可知，应填far的比较级farther“更远”，表示飞得离地球远得多。“much+比较级”表示“……得多”‌。故填farther。 6．句意：周围有数十亿颗恒星。根据上一句中“looked...and saw”以及所给单词可知，此处需要用一般过去时，主语billions of stars是复数，be动词用were。故填were。 7．句意：接下来，他们去了不同的星系，有大的也有小的。根据“different”以及所给单词可知，应填galaxy的复数galaxies。故填galaxies。 8．句意：“这次旅行太棒了，Stanley！我从没想过我能穿越宇宙，”乔治说。根据“I never...I could travel through the universe”以及所给单词可知，应填think的过去式thought，表示我从没想过我能穿越宇宙，但现在穿越了。故填thought。 9．句意：“我只是做了我想做的事，”Stanley说。根据“I just did...I wanted to do”可知，应填what，引导宾语从句，并在从句中作动词do的宾语。故填what。 10．句意：和你们一起旅行会好得多。根据“it was much better...with you guys”以及所给单词可知，应填动词travel的动词不定式形式to travel，作主语，前面的it是形式主语。故填to travel。 03 I often imagine what my life will be like in 2040. I think I’ll probably work as 1 environmental scientist because I love nature and want 2 (protect) our planet comfortably. In my future home, smart technology will help me live 3 (comfortable). My house could have special windows. They can change colour to keep rooms cool in summer. Robots could do cleaning and cooking, giving me more time to read and relax. What is the best part? My self-driving electric car 4 (take) me to work while I enjoy the view! At work, I’ll use smart 5 (computer) to study weather changes. Maybe I’ll develop new ways to clean oceans or connect 6 (amaze) animals and plants with us better. Some of my workmates will be robots, but human workers will still be the most important part of our team. After work, I’ll meet friends at a restaurant with robot waiters to take 7 boring work. We’ll talk about 8 (us) day with the help of AI — no language barriers (障碍)! Later, I could take a VR trip to the rainforest or even Mars before bedtime. The future sounds exciting, but I know I need to work 9 (hard) than before to make these dreams come true. My teachers say 10 I study well and keep learning English, I can be successful! 【答案】1．an 2．to protect 3．comfortably 4．will take 5．computers 6．amazing 7．the 8．our 9．harder 10．if 【导语】本文介绍了作者对未来2040年生活、工作和休闲方式的想象，表达了通过努力实现梦想的愿望。 1．句意：我想我可能会成为一名环境科学家，因为我热爱自然，并想舒适地保护我们的地球。此处表示“一名环境科学家”，environmental以元音音素开头。 2．句意：我想我可能会成为一名环境科学家，因为我热爱自然，并想舒适地保护我们的地球。固定搭配want to do sth.表示“想要做某事”。 3．句意：在我未来的家中，智能技术将帮助我舒适地生活。修饰动词live需用副词，comfortable的副词形式是comfortably。 4．句意：我的自动驾驶电动汽车会在我欣赏风景时带我去上班！描述未来情况用一般将来时，故填will take。 5．句意：工作时，我将使用智能计算机研究天气变化。computer为可数名词，此处表示泛指用复数形式。 6．句意：也许我会开发新方法来清洁海洋，或者让神奇的动物和植物与我们更好地联系。修饰名词animals and plants需用形容词，amaze的形容词amazing表示“令人惊叹的”。 7．句意：下班后，我会在有机器人服务员的餐厅与朋友见面，让机器人承担那些枯燥的工作。此处特指上文提到的枯燥工作，用定冠词the表示特指。 8．句意：我们将在人工智能的帮助下谈论我们的一天——没有语言障碍！修饰名词day需用形容词性物主代词，us的形容词性物主代词是our。 9．句意：未来听起来令人兴奋，但我知道我需要比以前更努力地工作才能实现这些梦想。由than before可知用比较级，hard的比较级是harder。 10．句意：我的老师们说，如果我好好学习并坚持学英语，我就能成功！此处表示条件，用if引导条件状语从句。 04 What will life be like in 50 years? Many people are curious about the future of science and technology. Dr. Lu, a futurist from a research center, 1 (say) robots will work everywhere. We’ll have service robots. They do most of our daily housework, like cleaning rooms and cooking meals. Besides, some common jobs today will disappear, but new challenging ones like space pilots and AI 2 (expert) will appear. But robots won’t replace humans, because people’s creativity and emotional intelligence are 3 (importance) for building good relationships. AI will change our lives in many ways. For example, 4 smart refrigerator will know what food we need and order it online for us. We will also have 5 (good) health care technology than before. What about transport? The transportation technology will become more advanced (高级的) , 6 the transport system will be more efficient. There 7 (be) fewer traffic accidents on the roads in the future. How can we prepare 8 such a future? Dr. Lu gives us some advice: “Don’t be afraid. Today’s small choices will 9 (probable) influence our future. Accept changes. Keep 10 (learn) skills and working hard.” 【答案】1．says 2．experts 3．important 4．a 5．better 6．and 7．will be 8．for 9．probably 10．learning 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了未来学家陆博士对未来50年科技与生活的预测，包括机器人普及但不会取代人类、人工智能改变生活（如智能冰箱、更优医疗）、交通技术更先进高效，并给出了应对未来的建议（不害怕、接受变化、持续学习）。 1．句意：来自研究中心的未来学家陆博士说机器人将在各处工作。本句描述一般观点，时态为一般现在时；主语Dr. Lu是第三人称单数，谓语动词say用第三人称单数形式says。故填says。 2．句意：像太空飞行员和人工智能专家这样新的具有挑战性的工作将会出现。根据“AI…(expert)”可知，AI expert“人工智能专家”，此处与space pilots并列，用复数experts。故填experts。 3．句意：因为人的创造力和情商对于建立良好关系是重要的。be动词后接形容词作表语，importance的形容词是important。故填important。 4．句意：例如，一个智能冰箱会知道我们需要什么食物并为我们在线订购。根据“smart refrigerator”可知，此处泛指“一台智能冰箱”，用不定冠词a/an；smart以辅音音素开头，用a。故填a。 5．句意：我们也将拥有比以前更好的医疗技术。根据“health care technology than before”可知，此处是比较级，good的比较级是better。故填better。 6．句意：交通技术将变得更先进，并且交通系统将更高效。根据“transportation technology will become more advanced,…the transport system will be more efficient”可知，前后是并列关系，用and连接。故填and。 7．句意：未来道路上的交通事故将会更少。根据“in the future”可知，句子时态为一般将来时，there be句型的将来时为There will be。故填will be。 8．句意：我们如何为这样的未来做准备？prepare for…“为……做准备”，是动词短语。故填for。 9．句意：今天的小选择将可能影响我们的未来。此处修饰动词influence，需用副词形式，probable的副词是probably。故填probably。 10．句意：保持学习技能和努力工作。keep doing sth.“持续做某事”，是动词短语。故填learning。 05 When we watch movies about the future, we sometimes see robots. They are usually like human servants. They help 1 the housework and do jobs like working in dirty or dangerous places. Today there are already robots working in factories. Some can help to build cars, and they do simple jobs over and over again. Fewer people 2 (do) such jobs in the future because they are boring, but robots will never get 3 (boring). Now scientists 4 (try) to make robots look like humans and do the same things as we do. Some robots in Japan can walk and dance. They are fun to watch. However, some scientists believe that 5 we can make robots move like people, it will be difficult to make them really think like a human. For example, scientist James White thinks that robots will never be able to wake up and know where they are. But many scientists 6 (agree) with Mr. White. They think that robots will even be able to talk like humans in 25 to 50 years. Some scientists believe that there 7 (be) more robots in the future. However, they agree it may take hundreds of years. These new robots will have many different shapes. Some will look like humans, and 8 (other) might look like animals. In India, for example, scientists made robots that look like snakes. If buildings fall down with people inside, these snake robots can help look for people under the buildings. This 9 (be) not possible 20 years ago, but computers and rockets also seemed 10 (possible) 100 years ago. We never know what will happen in the future! 【答案】1．with 2．will do 3．bored 4．are trying 5．although/though 6．disagree 7．will be 8．others 9．was 10．impossible 【导语】本文主要介绍了机器人的现状和未来发展。 1．句意：它们帮忙做家务，并从事在肮脏或危险场所工作的任务。help with sth.“帮忙做某事”。在此句中，空格后是名词短语the housework，因此需要使用help with这个搭配。故填with。 2．句意：将来做这种工作的人会越来越少，因为它们很无聊，但机器人永远不会感到无聊。时间状语in the future，一般将来时的标志性时间状语，一般将来时的基本结构是will+动词原形。故填will do。 3．句意：将来做这种工作的人会越来越少，因为它们很无聊，但机器人永远不会感到无聊。bored意为 “感到无聊的”，用来描述人或有感知的动物/机器人的感受。boring意为“令人感到无聊的”，用来描述事物的性质。此句的主语是robots，并且用了系动词get，表示机器人自身的感受，因此应该用bored。 故填bored。 4．句意：现在，科学家们正试图让机器人看起来像人类，做和我们一样的事情。句子开头有时间状语Now，表示这个动作正在进行中。 现在进行时的基本结构是am/is/are + 动词的现在分词（V-ing）。主语Scientists是复数，因此用are。故填are trying。 5．句意：然而，一些科学家认为，尽管我们能让机器人像人一样移动，但要让它们真正像人一样思考会很难。这个句子是一个主从复合句。主句是it will be difficult to...，从句是we can make robots move like people。两个分句之间存在明显的转折关系：“我们能让机器人像人一样移动”，但是“让它们真正像人一样思考会很难”。although或though是引导让步状语从句的连词，意为 “尽管，虽然”，正好符合此处的逻辑关系。故填although/though。 6．句意：但是很多科学家不同意White先生的观点。根据“But”可知，很多科学家的观点与James White相反，即“不同意”他的观点。故填disagree。 7．句意：一些科学家相信未来会有更多的机器人。句子中出现了时间状语in the future，因此需要使用there be句型的一般将来时。there be句型的一般将来时结构是there will be。故填will be。 8．句意：一些会看起来像人类，另一些可能看起来像动物。空格后没有名词，且与前半句的Some相对应，形成Some... others... 的结构，用来列举不同的类别。故填others。 9．句意：这在20年前是不可能的，但在100年前，计算机和火箭似乎也是不可能的。根据时间状语20 years ago可知，此处用一般过去时。主语This是单数第三人称，因此be动词的过去式应该用was。故填was。 10．句意：这在20年前是不可能的，但在100年前，计算机和火箭似乎也是不可能的。根据上下文的逻辑和常识，电脑和火箭在 100年前对人们来说也是“不可能的”事情。故填impossible。 06 Now it may be difficult to predict (预言) the future, but many people believe that we will live on Mars by the year 2100. Our own planet, the Earth, is 1 (become) more and more crowded and polluted. But what 2 (problem) will we need to solve before we go to Mars? First of all, transport (运输) should be much 3 (good). Now human beings need to spend months going to Mars by spaceship. However, by 2100, spaceships can travel 4 half the speed of light. It might take us two or three days to get there.    Secondly, human beings need food, water and air to live. Scientists should develop plants that can be 5 (grow) on Mars. The plants will produce the food, water and air that we need. However, there is no answer for all 6 problems now. There is also a problem for us 7 (live) on Mars. Mars attracts us much less than the Earth does. This will be dangerous 8 we might easily jump too high and fly slowly away into space there. So we will have to wear special shoes to make 9 (we) heavier.    In some ways, life on Mars may not be better than that on Earth today. Food will not be the same. Meals will 10 (probable) be in the form of pills (药片) and will not be as delicious as they are today. Also, space travel will possibly make many people feel very uncomfortable. 【答案】1．becoming 2．problems 3．better 4．at 5．grown 6．the 7．to live 8．because 9．ourselves 10．probably 【导语】本文讲述的是假如我们将来去了火星生活会发生哪些变化。 1．句意：我们自己的星球，地球，正变得越来越拥挤和污染。根据“Our own planet, the Earth, is...more and more crowded and polluted.”可知，时态是现在进行时，故填becoming。 2．句意：但是在我们去火星之前，我们需要解决哪些问题呢？此处表示复数含义，使用名词复数形式，故填problems。 3．句意：首先，交通应该更好。“much”修饰比较级，故填better。 4．句意：然而，到2100年，宇宙飞船的速度可以达到光速的一半。at the speed of“以……速度”，故填at。 5．句意：科学家应该开发出可以在火星上生长的植物。此处是含情态动词的被动语态，动词用过去分词形式，故填grown。 6．句意：然而，目前还没有解决所有问题的答案。此处特指所有的问题，用定冠词the，故填the。 7．句意：我们在火星上生活也有一个问题。根据“There is also a problem for us...on Mars.”可知，此处使用动词不定式作定语，故填to live。 8．句意：这将是危险的，因为我们很容易跳得太高，慢慢地飞到那里的太空。“we might easily jump too high and fly slowly away into space there”是“This will be dangerous”的原因，用because引导原因状语从句，故填because。 9．句意：因此，我们将不得不穿特殊的鞋子，使自己更重。根据“So we will have to wear special shoes to make...heavier.”可知，主语和宾语是同一人，是使自己更重，用反身代词形式。故填ourselves。 10．句意：饭菜可能会以药片的形式出现，不会像今天这样美味。此处在句中修饰动词，用副词probably表示“可能地”，故填probably。 07 In some science fiction films, people in the future have their own robots. The robots are just 1 human beings. They help with the housework and do the most unpleasant jobs. Some scientists believe that there will be such robots in the future. However, they agree that it may take hundreds of years. Scientists are now 2 (try) to make robots look like people and do the same things as 3 (we). Japanese companies have already made robots walk and dance. It is funny 4 (watch) this kind of robots. But the robot scientist James White 5 (think) that it will be difficult for a robot to do the same things as a person. For example, it’s easy for 6 child to wake up and know where he or she is. But robots won’t be able to do this. Other scientists don’t think so. They think that robots will 7 (probable) talk to people in 25 to 50 years. Robot scientists are not just trying to make robots look like people. For example, some robots are now working in factories. They look more like huge arms. They do simple work over and over again, but they never get 8 (bore). In the future, robots will have many different 9 (shape). Some might look like human beings, and others might look like snakes. After an earthquake, a snake robot can help look for people under buildings. That may not seem possible now, 10 computers and space rockets seemed impossible a hundred years ago. We never know what will happen in the future. 【答案】1．like 2．trying 3．us 4．to watch 5．thinks 6．a 7．probably 8．bored 9．shapes 10．but 【导语】本文主要设想了未来机器人的情况，包括外观，以及可以做的事情。 1．句意：机器人就像人类一样。根据后文的“to make robots look like people”可知让机器人看起来像人，因此是电影中的机器人像人一样，be like表示“像”。故填like。 2．句意：科学家们现在正试图让机器人看起来像人，做和我们一样的事情。此处是现在进行时，are后接现在分词形式。故填trying。 3．句意：科学家们现在正试图让机器人看起来像人，做和我们一样的事情。介词as后接人称代词宾格。故填us。 4．句意：观看这种机器人很有趣。句型it is +adj.+to do sth表示“做某事如何”，应用不定式作真正的主语。故填to watch。 5．句意：但机器人科学家詹姆斯·怀特认为，机器人很难做与人相同的事情。句子是一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填thinks。 6．句意：孩子很容易醒来并知道他或她在哪里。此处应用不定冠词表示泛指一个孩子，child是辅音音素开头，应用a。故填a。 7．句意：他们认为机器人可能将在25到50年后与人交谈。此处应用副词修饰动词talk，probably表示“可能地”。故填probably。 8．句意：他们一遍又一遍地做简单的工作，但他们从来没有感觉无聊。句子主语they指代机器人，应用-ed结尾形容词bored表示“感觉无聊的”。故填bored。 9．句意：未来，机器人将有许多不同的形状。different后接可数名词复数。故填shapes。 10．句意：现在看来这是不可能的，但计算机和太空火箭在一百年前似乎是不可能的。根据“That may not seem possible now, ...computers and space rockets seemed impossible a hundred years ago.”可知空格前后句子是转折关系，应用but表示。故填but。 培优篇 08 阅读短文，根据语篇要求填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词。 The 2026 CCTV Spring Festival Gala (春晚) featured a hugely popular program called Wu BOT. In the show, humanoid robots perform traditional Chinese kung fu with young martial (武术的) 1 (art), making it one of the most talked-about performances of this year’s gala. The robots are designed and produced by Unitree Technology, a leading Chinese robotics company. These robots perform difficult movements, 2 (include) drunken boxing, nunchaku (双节棍) and parkour (跑酷). They perform with students from Tagou Martial Arts School, one of 3 (China) best-known traditional kung fu schools. The robots move smoothly and work naturally with human performers. Unitree Technology 4 (make) great progress in robot design and motion control since last year. The performance shows clear progress in just one year. In the 2025 gala, they could only perform simple group dances, but they were not able 5 (do) difficult kung fu moves. This year, however, they completed difficult kung fu moves 6 (easy). This change shows the rapid development of robot motion control and group cooperation technology. Wu BOT is more than just 7 entertaining stage act. It combines traditional Chinese culture and modern technology in a creative way helping young students 8 (understand) kung fu from a new point of view. It also shows the public the 9 (late) developments in humanoid robots of our country. In the future, such technologies may be widely 10 (use) in fields like education, public services and daily life. 【答案】1．artists 2．including 3．China’s 4．has made 5．to do 6．easily 7．an 8．understand/to understand 9．latest 10．used 【导语】本文主要介绍了2026年央视春晚的热门节目《武BOT》中，宇树科技人形机器人与武校学生共演功夫，展现我国机器人技术进步与文化科技融合。 1．句意：在节目中，人形机器人与年轻武术演员一同表演中国传统功夫，成为本届春晚最受热议的节目之一。形容词“martial ”后需接表示“艺术家/表演者”的名词，不止一人，应用其复数形式。 2．句意：这些机器人表演高难度动作，包括醉拳、双节棍和跑酷。此处需要一个介词引出列举的内容，“include”需变为介词形式“including”，表示“包括……在内”。 3．句意：他们和来自塔沟武术学校的学生们一起表演，这是中国最知名的传统功夫学校之一。此处修饰名词“schools”，需用名词所有格表示“中国的”。 4．句意：自去年以来，宇树科技在机器人设计和运动控制方面取得了巨大进步。时间状语“since last year”是现在完成时的标志，主语“Unitree Technology”为单数，“make”的过去分词为“made”。 5．句意：在2025年的春晚上，它们只能表演简单的集体舞蹈，还无法做高难度的功夫动作。“be able to do sth.”表示“能够做某事”，其否定形式“be not able to do sth.”表示“无法做某事”，为固定搭配。 6．句意：然而今年，它们轻松地完成了高难度的功夫动作。此处修饰动词“completed”需用副词形式。 7．句意：《武BOT》不仅仅是一个有趣的舞台表演。此处泛指“一个娱乐性的舞台节目”，“entertaining”以元音音素开头，用不定冠词an。 8．句意：它以创新的方式将中国传统文化与现代科技结合，帮助年轻学生从新的角度理解功夫。“help sb. (to) do sth.”表示“帮助某人做某事”，为固定搭配，其中to可省略。 9．句意：它也向公众展示了我国人形机器人的最新发展成果。定冠词“the ”后接形容词最高级。 10．句意：未来，这类技术可能会在教育、公共服务和日常生活等领域被广泛使用。主语“such technologies”与动词“use”是被动关系，且句子为含情态动词“may”的被动语态，结构为“may be+过去分词”。 09 In 2050, a small cloud floats through the air in a hospital operating room. In the room a patient, suffering 1 cancer, lies on a table. The cloud surrounds the patient, 2 (cover) her body and filling her lungs. The cloud is not smoke or steam. It is made of millions of microscopic robots called nano-robots (纳米机器人). These tiny robots move from cell (细胞) to cell in the 3 (patient) body, destroying the cancer cells. Fighting cancer with nano-robots is only an idea today, 4 scientists say that it would be possible in the future. Using nano-robots for good purposes such as fighting diseases or repairing the environment may be the solutions to many of today’s problems. However, nano-robots could be 5 risk as well. Since nano-robots are so tiny, they will have to work in large teams of many thousands to many millions. For this reason, nano-robots will have to be programmed 6 (build) themselves. Scientists can’t build millions of nano-robots one by one. This 7 (able) to reproduce is making some scientists worried. What if something goes wrong in the programming? Quite a lot of crazy nano-robots would be far 8 (bad) than any disease. Some people think that if they get out of control, nano-robots could destroy the earth. What should 9 (do)? Should we continue researching nano-robots or should we search for other methods? This is one of the many difficult 10 (decide) that we have to make in the future. 【答案】1．from 2．covering 3．patient’s 4．but 5．a 6．to build 7．ability 8．worse 9．be done 10．decisions 【导语】本文是一篇议论文，主要探讨了纳米机器人在未来可能用于治疗癌症等疾病的巨大潜力，同时也分析了其因需要自我复制而可能带来的失控风险，并提出了人类未来在继续研究还是寻找其他方法之间所面临的艰难抉择。 1．句意：房间里，一位患有癌症的病人躺在手术台上。suffer from“患有（疾病）”，是动词短语。故填from。 2．句意：这朵云包围着病人，覆盖她的身体并充满她的肺部。此处是现在分词作伴随状语，cover的现在分词是covering。故填covering。 3．句意：这些微小的机器人在病人的身体里从一个细胞移动到另一个细胞。此处表示所属关系，patient用名词所有格patient’s。故填patient’s。 4．句意：用纳米机器人对抗癌症在今天只是一个想法，但是科学家们说这在未来是可能的。根据“only an idea today, …scientists say that it would be possible in the future”可知，前后是转折关系，but“但是”符合语境。故填but。 5．句意：然而，纳米机器人也可能是一种风险。a risk“一种风险”，是名词短语。故填a。 6．句意：因此，纳米机器人将必须被编程来建造它们自己。be programmed to do sth.“被编程来做某事”，是动词短语被动语态。故填to build。 7．句意：这种自我复制的能力让一些科学家感到担忧。主语This指代前文自我复制的能力，需用名词，able的名词是ability。故填ability。 8．句意：相当多疯狂的纳米机器人将远比任何疾病都更糟糕。根据“far…(bad)than any disease”可知，此处是形容词比较级，bad的比较级是worse。故填worse。 9．句意：应该做什么？此处是特殊疑问句的被动语态，主语是动作的承受者，do用不定式的被动形式to be done，情态动词should后接be done。故填be done。 10．句意：这是我们未来必须做出的众多艰难决定之一。one of the后接可数名词复数，decision的复数形式是decisions。故填decisions。 10 Chinese scientists are working on a special project: making “moon bricks (砖头)” from moon soil. It is 1 (difficult) than building on Earth because of the extreme (极端) environment. There is no air, and the temperature changes a lot from very hot to very cold. These conditions make building on the moon very hard. Since carrying materials into space costs too much, using local soil is 2 wise choice. Moon soil can be turned into strong bricks, which may help solve this problem. Two months ago, the first “moon brick” 3 (produce) in a lab. This was an important achievement. 4 (scientist) believe these bricks will be used to build houses for future astronauts. These houses may help protect astronauts from danger and give them a safe place to live. They hope the moon will become our 5 (two) home one day. 6 (luck), the new bricks can stand high pressure. They can handle big temperature changes and strong winds on the moon. The team is now trying 7 (improve) the design. They want to make the bricks lighter and easier to carry. This project is not just about science, 8 also about human dreams. People have always looked at the moon and wondered about it. 9 the help of these bricks, we might live on the moon in the future. It will take many years of hard work. I believe the 10 (succeed) of this project will surprise the whole world. One day, we might all be neighbors on the moon. 【答案】1．more difficult 2．a 3．was produced 4．Scientists 5．second 6．Luckily 7．to improve 8．but 9．With 10．success 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国科学家开展的“月球砖”特殊项目，阐述了在月球上建造建筑的难度、利用月球土壤制砖的原因、项目的成果与意义，以及该项目对人类未来登月梦想的推动作用。 1．句意：由于极端的环境，这比在地球上建造更困难。由“than”可知要用比较级，difficult是多音节形容词，比较级为more difficult。 2．句意：由于将材料运入太空成本太高，使用当地的土壤是一个明智的选择。choice是可数名词单数，此处表示泛指“一个明智的选择”，且wise以辅音音素开头，需用不定冠词a修饰。 3．句意：两个月前，第一块“月球砖”在实验室中被制造出来。主语“the first ‘moon brick’”与produce是被动关系，且“Two months ago”是一般过去时的标志词，一般过去时被动语态结构为“was/were + 过去分词”。主语为单数，be动词用was，produce的过去分词为produced。 4．句意：科学家们认为这些砖将被用于为未来的宇航员建造房屋。谓语动词believe是原形，说明主语为复数；scientist的复数形式是scientists，位于句首首字母需大写。 5．句意：他们希望有一天月球会成为我们的第二个家园。此处表示“第二个家园”，强调顺序，需用序数词；two的序数词形式是second。 6．句意：幸运的是，这种新砖能承受高压。此处修饰整个句子，要用副词，luck的副词形式是luckily，位于句首首字母应大写。 7．句意：这个团队现在正在努力改进设计。try to do sth.是固定搭配，意为“努力做某事”，此处需用动词不定式作宾语。 8．句意：这个项目不仅仅关乎科学，也关乎人类的梦想。not just...but also...是固定搭配，意为“不仅……而且……”。 9．句意：在这些砖的帮助下，我们未来可能会住在月球上。with the help of是固定短语，意为“在……的帮助下”，位于句首首字母需大写。 10．句意：我相信这个项目的成功会震惊全世界。定冠词the后接名词，succeed的名词形式是success，此处表示特指这个项目的成功，用单数即可。 1 / 13 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 8 Imagine that! 语法填空专练 话题：人与自然—宇宙和未来 基础篇 01 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 （2024深圳期末）Scientists think that there has been life 1 the earth for hundreds of millions of years. However, we have not found life on any other planets yet. The earth is 2 planet and it goes around the sun. Seven other planets also go around the sun. None of them has an environment like that of the earth, 3 scientists do not think they will find life on 4 (they). The sun and its planets 5 (call) the solar system, and our solar system is a small part of a much 6 (large) group of stars and planets, called the Galaxy or the Milky Way. There are 7 (billion) of stars in the Galaxy, and our sun is only one of them. Scientists have also 8 (discover) many other galaxies in the universe. They are very far away and their light has to travel for many years to reach us. So how large is the universe? It is 9 (possible) to imagine. Scientists have sent spaceships to the planet Mars to take 10 (photo). They have even sent spaceships to travel outside the solar system. 02 Do you have your own spaceship? After many 1 (year) development, many children on Earth had 2 (they) own spaceship. Of course, they were small and couldn’t travel out of 3 solar system. This was fine for everyone except Stanley. He wanted to know what else might be out there, so he worked on his spaceship till it could reach anywhere! Then Stanley invited his friends George and Amanda on his trip. “Today I will take you on a fantastic journey,” said Stanley. They got 4 Stanley’s spaceship and began their trip. Whoosh! The spaceship went. Soon they were flying past the moon. Then they flew much 5 (far) away from the earth. After a while, George and Amanda looked out of the window and saw the sun was just a speck (小点) of light. Around it 6 (be) billions of stars. “That’s our Milky Way,” said Stanley. Next, they went to different 7 (galaxy), some large and some small. They really had a wonderful time. “How great the trip is, Stanley! I never 8 (think) I could travel through the universe,” George said. “You made the impossible thing possible.” “I just did 9 I wanted to do,” said Stanley. “And it was much better 10 (travel) with you guys.” 03 I often imagine what my life will be like in 2040. I think I’ll probably work as 1 environmental scientist because I love nature and want 2 (protect) our planet comfortably. In my future home, smart technology will help me live 3 (comfortable). My house could have special windows. They can change colour to keep rooms cool in summer. Robots could do cleaning and cooking, giving me more time to read and relax. What is the best part? My self-driving electric car 4 (take) me to work while I enjoy the view! At work, I’ll use smart 5 (computer) to study weather changes. Maybe I’ll develop new ways to clean oceans or connect 6 (amaze) animals and plants with us better. Some of my workmates will be robots, but human workers will still be the most important part of our team. After work, I’ll meet friends at a restaurant with robot waiters to take 7 boring work. We’ll talk about 8 (us) day with the help of AI — no language barriers (障碍)! Later, I could take a VR trip to the rainforest or even Mars before bedtime. The future sounds exciting, but I know I need to work 9 (hard) than before to make these dreams come true. My teachers say 10 I study well and keep learning English, I can be successful! 04 What will life be like in 50 years? Many people are curious about the future of science and technology. Dr. Lu, a futurist from a research center, 1 (say) robots will work everywhere. We’ll have service robots. They do most of our daily housework, like cleaning rooms and cooking meals. Besides, some common jobs today will disappear, but new challenging ones like space pilots and AI 2 (expert) will appear. But robots won’t replace humans, because people’s creativity and emotional intelligence are 3 (importance) for building good relationships. AI will change our lives in many ways. For example, 4 smart refrigerator will know what food we need and order it online for us. We will also have 5 (good) health care technology than before. What about transport? The transportation technology will become more advanced (高级的) , 6 the transport system will be more efficient. There 7 (be) fewer traffic accidents on the roads in the future. How can we prepare 8 such a future? Dr. Lu gives us some advice: “Don’t be afraid. Today’s small choices will 9 (probable) influence our future. Accept changes. Keep 10 (learn) skills and working hard.” 05 When we watch movies about the future, we sometimes see robots. They are usually like human servants. They help 1 the housework and do jobs like working in dirty or dangerous places. Today there are already robots working in factories. Some can help to build cars, and they do simple jobs over and over again. Fewer people 2 (do) such jobs in the future because they are boring, but robots will never get 3 (boring). Now scientists 4 (try) to make robots look like humans and do the same things as we do. Some robots in Japan can walk and dance. They are fun to watch. However, some scientists believe that 5 we can make robots move like people, it will be difficult to make them really think like a human. For example, scientist James White thinks that robots will never be able to wake up and know where they are. But many scientists 6 (agree) with Mr. White. They think that robots will even be able to talk like humans in 25 to 50 years. Some scientists believe that there 7 (be) more robots in the future. However, they agree it may take hundreds of years. These new robots will have many different shapes. Some will look like humans, and 8 (other) might look like animals. In India, for example, scientists made robots that look like snakes. If buildings fall down with people inside, these snake robots can help look for people under the buildings. This 9 (be) not possible 20 years ago, but computers and rockets also seemed 10 (possible) 100 years ago. We never know what will happen in the future! 06 Now it may be difficult to predict (预言) the future, but many people believe that we will live on Mars by the year 2100. Our own planet, the Earth, is 1 (become) more and more crowded and polluted. But what 2 (problem) will we need to solve before we go to Mars? First of all, transport (运输) should be much 3 (good). Now human beings need to spend months going to Mars by spaceship. However, by 2100, spaceships can travel 4 half the speed of light. It might take us two or three days to get there.    Secondly, human beings need food, water and air to live. Scientists should develop plants that can be 5 (grow) on Mars. The plants will produce the food, water and air that we need. However, there is no answer for all 6 problems now. There is also a problem for us 7 (live) on Mars. Mars attracts us much less than the Earth does. This will be dangerous 8 we might easily jump too high and fly slowly away into space there. So we will have to wear special shoes to make 9 (we) heavier.    In some ways, life on Mars may not be better than that on Earth today. Food will not be the same. Meals will 10 (probable) be in the form of pills (药片) and will not be as delicious as they are today. Also, space travel will possibly make many people feel very uncomfortable. 07 In some science fiction films, people in the future have their own robots. The robots are just 1 human beings. They help with the housework and do the most unpleasant jobs. Some scientists believe that there will be such robots in the future. However, they agree that it may take hundreds of years. Scientists are now 2 (try) to make robots look like people and do the same things as 3 (we). Japanese companies have already made robots walk and dance. It is funny 4 (watch) this kind of robots. But the robot scientist James White 5 (think) that it will be difficult for a robot to do the same things as a person. For example, it’s easy for 6 child to wake up and know where he or she is. But robots won’t be able to do this. Other scientists don’t think so. They think that robots will 7 (probable) talk to people in 25 to 50 years. Robot scientists are not just trying to make robots look like people. For example, some robots are now working in factories. They look more like huge arms. They do simple work over and over again, but they never get 8 (bore). In the future, robots will have many different 9 (shape). Some might look like human beings, and others might look like snakes. After an earthquake, a snake robot can help look for people under buildings. That may not seem possible now, 10 computers and space rockets seemed impossible a hundred years ago. We never know what will happen in the future. 培优篇 08 阅读短文，根据语篇要求填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词。 The 2026 CCTV Spring Festival Gala (春晚) featured a hugely popular program called Wu BOT. In the show, humanoid robots perform traditional Chinese kung fu with young martial (武术的) 1 (art), making it one of the most talked-about performances of this year’s gala. The robots are designed and produced by Unitree Technology, a leading Chinese robotics company. These robots perform difficult movements, 2 (include) drunken boxing, nunchaku (双节棍) and parkour (跑酷). They perform with students from Tagou Martial Arts School, one of 3 (China) best-known traditional kung fu schools. The robots move smoothly and work naturally with human performers. Unitree Technology 4 (make) great progress in robot design and motion control since last year. The performance shows clear progress in just one year. In the 2025 gala, they could only perform simple group dances, but they were not able 5 (do) difficult kung fu moves. This year, however, they completed difficult kung fu moves 6 (easy). This change shows the rapid development of robot motion control and group cooperation technology. Wu BOT is more than just 7 entertaining stage act. It combines traditional Chinese culture and modern technology in a creative way helping young students 8 (understand) kung fu from a new point of view. It also shows the public the 9 (late) developments in humanoid robots of our country. In the future, such technologies may be widely 10 (use) in fields like education, public services and daily life. 09 In 2050, a small cloud floats through the air in a hospital operating room. In the room a patient, suffering 1 cancer, lies on a table. The cloud surrounds the patient, 2 (cover) her body and filling her lungs. The cloud is not smoke or steam. It is made of millions of microscopic robots called nano-robots (纳米机器人). These tiny robots move from cell (细胞) to cell in the 3 (patient) body, destroying the cancer cells. Fighting cancer with nano-robots is only an idea today, 4 scientists say that it would be possible in the future. Using nano-robots for good purposes such as fighting diseases or repairing the environment may be the solutions to many of today’s problems. However, nano-robots could be 5 risk as well. Since nano-robots are so tiny, they will have to work in large teams of many thousands to many millions. For this reason, nano-robots will have to be programmed 6 (build) themselves. Scientists can’t build millions of nano-robots one by one. This 7 (able) to reproduce is making some scientists worried. What if something goes wrong in the programming? Quite a lot of crazy nano-robots would be far 8 (bad) than any disease. Some people think that if they get out of control, nano-robots could destroy the earth. What should 9 (do)? Should we continue researching nano-robots or should we search for other methods? This is one of the many difficult 10 (decide) that we have to make in the future. 10 Chinese scientists are working on a special project: making “moon bricks (砖头)” from moon soil. It is 1 (difficult) than building on Earth because of the extreme (极端) environment. There is no air, and the temperature changes a lot from very hot to very cold. These conditions make building on the moon very hard. Since carrying materials into space costs too much, using local soil is 2 wise choice. Moon soil can be turned into strong bricks, which may help solve this problem. Two months ago, the first “moon brick” 3 (produce) in a lab. This was an important achievement. 4 (scientist) believe these bricks will be used to build houses for future astronauts. These houses may help protect astronauts from danger and give them a safe place to live. They hope the moon will become our 5 (two) home one day. 6 (luck), the new bricks can stand high pressure. They can handle big temperature changes and strong winds on the moon. The team is now trying 7 (improve) the design. They want to make the bricks lighter and easier to carry. This project is not just about science, 8 also about human dreams. People have always looked at the moon and wondered about it. 9 the help of these bricks, we might live on the moon in the future. It will take many years of hard work. I believe the 10 (succeed) of this project will surprise the whole world. One day, we might all be neighbors on the moon. 1 / 13 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $