专题18 短文填空（教师讲解卷）-2026版山东省（春季高考）《英语真题同源卷》（原卷版+解析版）

编写说明：2026版山东省（春季高考）《英语真题同源卷》，立足山东省春季高考英语真题深度研究，严格对标考纲要求、深挖核心考点。每份试卷聚焦一个专题，精选近三年高考真题，按“概念回顾+真题精讲+举一反三+拓展提升”的逻辑体系编写，每个专题配套两份试卷，分别为教师讲解卷与学生练习卷，且均配备PPT课件，方便教师开展课堂教学。助力师生夯实核心能力、贯通解题思路，达成精准对接考点、高效突破备考难点的目标。 2026版山东省（春季高考）《英语真题同源卷》 专题18 短文填空 教师讲解卷 【考点解读】 纵观近三年的春季高考真题，对短文填空的考察，以语篇为依托，重点考查考生单词拼写，语言基础知识运用，语篇理解能力和语言表达能力。单词拼写主要考查单词的词形、词性变换。语言基础知识运用主要考查基本的词法、句法和习惯表达用语。语篇理解能力和语言表达能力主要考查考生读懂语篇，依据上下文句义或语境，选择正确词汇，运用正确表达形式。每一年春季高考英语试题中给提示词的考题数量不定。2023年有8个题，2024年有9个题，2025年有6个题。所给提示词涉及名词、动词、形容词、副词、代词等。每一年春季高考英语试题中不给提示词的考题数量也不定。最多有4题，最少有1题。所涉及的考点集中于介词、连词和冠词。对补全对话话题的考察，2023年真题卷为中国--老挝铁路介绍，2024年真题卷为中国首位F1正式车手周冠宇介绍，2025年真题卷为乡村致富。短文填空是最能衡量学生英语基础知识是否扎实,知识面是否广泛,英语阅读中分析问题能力高低的综合性的一把尺度。考生答题需要面向整体语篇内容，切忌片面理解。在阅读理解文意的基础上，抓住关键词，进行分析，填入后的词应使句子结构完整、合理。 【知识回顾】 1.快速通读全文，掌握短文主旨大意 短文填空首句一般不留空，因此认真阅读短文开头的第一、二句，有利于考生准确地预测和 推断短文的主旨大意。通读全文的同时，还要注意一些与空格相关的关键信息。 2.复读短文，依次填入答案 复读短文，需要运用以下方法解决问题。 (1)根据文章的行文逻辑来确定需要填的单词。 (2)根据句子的语法结构确定所填词。比如，名词涉及单复数、所有格，代词涉及主格、宾 格、单复数以及物主代词的分类，形容词和副词涉及比较等级，动词涉及时态、语态、非谓语动词等。另外，还需兼顾固定搭配。 3.结合所填答案，将文章再通读一到两遍，检查文章是否完整通畅。 【真题精讲】 (2024年山东春考短文填空) In 2004,China hosted 1. ___________(it)first Formula One Grand Prix(一级方程式汽车大奖)Zhou Guanyu 2.___________(be)5 years old then.While 3.___________(watch)the race on Seat No.24,he said to his father excitedly,"I want to be a driver,Daddy.""Stick to your dream and you will be 4.___________(success),"replied his father. Twenty years later,Zhou competed in the 2024 Grand Prix held in Shanghai,5.___________ marked his first home appearance.His love for hometown is 6.___________(see)in the design of his Chinese race helmet (头盔)The helmet features Shanghai's some famous 7.___________ (site), such as Yuyuan Garden and Lujiazui. As China's 8.___________(one)race driver,Zhou could not hide his joy and pride."I hope to show the development of Chinese motor sport 9.___________ (global).I believe 10. ___________ (many)young people will shine on the international stage than ever,"Zhou told Xinhua. 【举一反三】 (2022年山东春考短文填空) Last summer, I planned to find a job. I didn’t want to keep 11.___________ (ask) my parents for money. As I never had a job before , I decided to 12. ___________ (start) with a part-time job. I was 13.___________ (excite) at my job search. I found there 14. ___________ a lot of choices such as a cashier, a salesperson or a waitress. I wanted a job 15. ___________ was close to my home. At 16.___________ same time, the job schedule could be adjustable, for I still had much schoolwork to do. I applied to six different places.One week later, I received three interview 17.___________ (call). After thinking 18. ___________ (careful), I chose a cashier in the supermarket. For me, this job seemed more 19. ___________ (interest) than the other two. I was glad that I could earn money by 20. ___________(me). (2023年山东春考短文填空) The China-Laos Railway(中国-老挝铁路)opened to international 21.___________ ( passenger) on Thursday,April 13,2023. Lamphone, a student from Laos, took the first train. “It is a pleasant and comfortable journey," she said 22. ___________ (happy) She once 23. ___________ ( study ) in Guangdong province and used to travel between home and school by plane.“I am 24. ___________ (learn) railway transportation. I want to become a teacher at a railway 25. ___________ ( vocation) school in my country," she continued.“China's trains 26. ___________ (be) so fast and advanced. I hope I can lean more to teach 27. ___________ (me) students, and then we can have 28. ___________ (good) railways and trains than before. “The opening of the railway makes travel between China and Laos very convenient ," said Su Yisheng, an expert in China. “It benefits those 29. ___________ travel between the two countries, such 30. ___________ students, tourists and business people.”, 【拓展提升】 Have you ever heard of friendships among animals?At a zoo in Germany,an unusual friendship developed 31. __________a cat and a bear. One day,some 32. __________ (worker)in the zoo noticed a black cat was in a bear's cage(笼子)，and 33. __________ two animals were playing together peacefully.And later the pair and their unusual friendship 34. __________ (become)a hot topic at the zoo. After several years,a new cage was 35. __________(build)for the bear. 36. __________,the cat was still in the former cage,so it walked around 37. __________ (angry)and cried to be with the bear.The worker finally took pity on the cat 38. __________ let it stay with the bear.The cat and the bear got 39. __________ (close)than before. Sometimes it may be natural for animals to have 40. __________(they) own ideas about who would be their good friend. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 编写说明：2026版山东省（春季高考）《英语真题同源卷》，立足山东省春季高考英语真题深度研究，严格对标考纲要求、深挖核心考点。每份试卷聚焦一个专题，精选近三年高考真题，按“概念回顾+真题精讲+举一反三+拓展提升”的逻辑体系编写，每个专题配套两份试卷，分别为教师讲解卷与学生练习卷，且均配备PPT课件，方便教师开展课堂教学。助力师生夯实核心能力、贯通解题思路，达成精准对接考点、高效突破备考难点的目标。 2026版山东省（春季高考）《英语真题同源卷》 专题18 短文填空 教师讲解卷 【考点解读】 纵观近三年的春季高考真题，对短文填空的考察，以语篇为依托，重点考查考生单词拼写，语言基础知识运用，语篇理解能力和语言表达能力。单词拼写主要考查单词的词形、词性变换。语言基础知识运用主要考查基本的词法、句法和习惯表达用语。语篇理解能力和语言表达能力主要考查考生读懂语篇，依据上下文句义或语境，选择正确词汇，运用正确表达形式。每一年春季高考英语试题中给提示词的考题数量不定。2023年有8个题，2024年有9个题，2025年有6个题。所给提示词涉及名词、动词、形容词、副词、代词等。每一年春季高考英语试题中不给提示词的考题数量也不定。最多有4题，最少有1题。所涉及的考点集中于介词、连词和冠词。对补全对话话题的考察，2023年真题卷为中国--老挝铁路介绍，2024年真题卷为中国首位F1正式车手周冠宇介绍，2025年真题卷为乡村致富。短文填空是最能衡量学生英语基础知识是否扎实,知识面是否广泛,英语阅读中分析问题能力高低的综合性的一把尺度。考生答题需要面向整体语篇内容，切忌片面理解。在阅读理解文意的基础上，抓住关键词，进行分析，填入后的词应使句子结构完整、合理。 【知识回顾】 1.快速通读全文，掌握短文主旨大意 短文填空首句一般不留空，因此认真阅读短文开头的第一、二句，有利于考生准确地预测和 推断短文的主旨大意。通读全文的同时，还要注意一些与空格相关的关键信息。 2.复读短文，依次填入答案 复读短文，需要运用以下方法解决问题。 (1)根据文章的行文逻辑来确定需要填的单词。 (2)根据句子的语法结构确定所填词。比如，名词涉及单复数、所有格，代词涉及主格、宾 格、单复数以及物主代词的分类，形容词和副词涉及比较等级，动词涉及时态、语态、非谓语动词等。另外，还需兼顾固定搭配。 3.结合所填答案，将文章再通读一到两遍，检查文章是否完整通畅。 【真题精讲】 (2024年山东春考短文填空) In 2004,China hosted 1. ___________(it)first Formula One Grand Prix(一级方程式汽车大奖)Zhou Guanyu 2.___________(be)5 years old then.While 3.___________(watch)the race on Seat No.24,he said to his father excitedly,"I want to be a driver,Daddy.""Stick to your dream and you will be 4.___________(success),"replied his father. Twenty years later,Zhou competed in the 2024 Grand Prix held in Shanghai,5.___________ marked his first home appearance.His love for hometown is 6.___________(see)in the design of his Chinese race helmet (头盔)The helmet features Shanghai's some famous 7.___________ (site), such as Yuyuan Garden and Lujiazui. As China's 8.___________(one)race driver,Zhou could not hide his joy and pride."I hope to show the development of Chinese motor sport 9.___________ (global).I believe 10. ___________ (many)young people will shine on the international stage than ever,"Zhou told Xinhua. 1.【答案】its 【分析】本题考查形容词性物主代词。 【详解】形容词性物主代词修饰专有名词first Formula One Grand Prix,故填its。 2.【答案】was 【分析】本题考查时态。 【详解】根据句末“then”以及语境可知，句子为一般过去时，故填was。 3.【答案】watching 【分析】本题考查现在分词。 【详解】while doing结构本质上是时间状语从句的省略形式，在从句主语与主句一致且从句中存在be动词时，可省略从句的主语和be动词，保留现在分词(doing)。 4.【答案】successful 【分析】本题考查形客词。 【详解】be是系动词，后面跟形容词作表语， 5.【答案】which 【分析】本题考查定语从句。 【详解】which指代整个主句的内容，引导非限制性定语从句。 6.【答案】seen 【分析】本题考查动词语态。 【详解】根据语境可知，此处用被动语态，其基本形式为be done,故填seen。 7.【答案】sites 【分析】本题考查名词复数 【详解】根据句义和some可知，此处名词要用复数形式. 8.【答案】first 【分析】本题考查序数词。 【详解】根据句义“作为中国的第一名寒车手”可知，此处填first。 9.【答案】globally 【分析】本题考查副词。 【详解】副词修饰动词show作状语。 10.【答案】more 【分析】本题考查形容词比较级。 【详解】根据than ever可知，此处用形容词比较级，故填more。 【命题思路剖析】 核心考点：基本的词法、句法和习惯表达用语； 命题逻辑：通过对语篇解读,本篇文章介绍了中国首位F1正式车手周冠宇。其中，设空处9个给出提示词，1个未给出提示词。设空处分别考查了名词、形容词和副词（比较级），动词的时态和语态，非谓语动词，定语从句等知识点。 考情指向：符合“考查学生对语法和词法知识的掌握和运用”的趋势 ，要求学生要读懂语篇，依据上下文句意或语境，选择正确词汇，运用正确表达形式。 【举一反三】 (2022年山东春考短文填空) Last summer, I planned to find a job. I didn’t want to keep 11.___________ (ask) my parents for money. As I never had a job before , I decided to 12. ___________ (start) with a part-time job. I was 13.___________ (excite) at my job search. I found there 14. ___________ a lot of choices such as a cashier, a salesperson or a waitress. I wanted a job 15. ___________ was close to my home. At 16.___________ same time, the job schedule could be adjustable, for I still had much schoolwork to do. I applied to six different places.One week later, I received three interview 17.___________ (call). After thinking 18. ___________ (careful), I chose a cashier in the supermarket. For me, this job seemed more 19. ___________ (interest) than the other two. I was glad that I could earn money by 20. ___________(me). 11.【答案】asking 【分析】本题考查动名词作宾语。 【详解】keep后须加动名词作宾语，因此本题答案为asking。 12.【答案】start 【分析】本题考查动词不定式的用法。 【详解】decide后加to do作宾语，因此本空须填 start 的原形。 13.【答案】excited 【分析】本题考查形容词作表语。 【详解】excited 作句子的表语，be excited at ( about)表示“因….而兴奋(激动)”。 14.【答案】were 【分析】本题考查主谓一致。 【详解】there be句型中，be的形式受后面的名词和句子时态的限制。本句中空格后为a lot of choices，加之本句主句动词为find 的过去式，因此空格部分应填 were。 15.【答案】that 或which 【分析】本题考查定语从句的引导词。 【详解】空格部分应填关系代词that 或which，指代先行词job。 16.【答案】 the 【分析】本题考查冠词。 【详解】at the same time是固定短语，表示“同时”之意。 17.【答案】calls 【分析】本题考查名词的复数。 【详解】由空格前three可知，本空须填call 的复数形式 calls。 18.【答案】carefully 【分析】本题考查副词。 【详解】空格部分该填careful 的副词形式 carefully，修饰非谓语动词 thinking。 19.【答案】interesting 【分析】本题考查形容词。 【详解】空格部分为句子表语，须填interest的形容词形式，因为主语是 this job，因此该填interesting。 20.【答案】myself 【分析】本题考查反身代词。 【详解】本句意思是“我很开心因为我能自己挣钱了”，by myself意思是“靠自己、独自地”。 (2023年山东春考短文填空) The China-Laos Railway(中国-老挝铁路)opened to international 21.___________ ( passenger) on Thursday,April 13,2023. Lamphone, a student from Laos, took the first train. “It is a pleasant and comfortable journey," she said 22. ___________ (happy) She once 23. ___________ ( study ) in Guangdong province and used to travel between home and school by plane.“I am 24. ___________ (learn) railway transportation. I want to become a teacher at a railway 25. ___________ ( vocation) school in my country," she continued.“China's trains 26. ___________ (be) so fast and advanced. I hope I can lean more to teach 27. ___________ (me) students, and then we can have 28. ___________ (good) railways and trains than before. “The opening of the railway makes travel between China and Laos very convenient ," said Su Yisheng, an expert in China. “It benefits those 29. ___________ travel between the two countries, such 30. ___________ students, tourists and business people.” 21.【答案】passengers 【分析】本题查考名词的复数。 【详解】根据句意“中国-老挝铁路在2023年4月13日星期四面向所有国际乘客开放”可知，此处应用passenger的复数形式，即passengers。 22.【答案】happily 【分析】本题查考副词。 【详解】本空应该使用happy的副词形式修饰said，故填 happily。 23.【答案】studied 【分析】本题查考动词的时态。 【详解】根据本句中的once(曾经)和后面的used to travel 可以判断，本句使用一般过去时，故填 studied。 24.【答案】learning 【分析】本题查考动词的时态。 【详解】根据空格前am可知，本句应该使用现在进行时，因此本空应填 learning。 25.【答案】vocational 【分析】本题查考形容词。 【详解】根据句意“我想在我的国家成为一名铁道职业学校的老师”可知，本空应填vocation的形容词，即vocational。 26.【答案】are 【分析】本题查考动词的时态和主谓一致。 【详解】根据上下文可以判断，本句为一般现在时，再由句子主语 China's trains 可知，句子谓语动词应用复数，故填are。 27.【答案】my 【分析】本题查考物主代词。 【详解】me的物主代词为 my。 28.【答案】better 【分析】本题查考形容词的比较级。 【详解】根据句中的than可知，空格处应填 good的比较级形式，即 better。 29.【答案】who 【分析】本题查考定语从句的引导词。 【详解】根据句意可知，本题该填指代those的关系代词 who。 30.【答案】as 【分析】本题查考固定短语。 【详解】本句句意为“它能让来往于两国之间的人们受益，如学生、游客和商务人士等”。such as 意为“例如”，固定搭配。故填as。 【拓展提升】 Have you ever heard of friendships among animals?At a zoo in Germany,an unusual friendship developed 31. __________a cat and a bear. One day,some 32. __________ (worker)in the zoo noticed a black cat was in a bear's cage(笼子)，and 33. __________ two animals were playing together peacefully.And later the pair and their unusual friendship 34. __________ (become)a hot topic at the zoo. After several years,a new cage was 35. __________(build)for the bear. 36. __________,the cat was still in the former cage,so it walked around 37. __________ (angry)and cried to be with the bear.The worker finally took pity on the cat 38. __________ let it stay with the bear.The cat and the bear got 39. __________ (close)than before. Sometimes it may be natural for animals to have 40. __________(they) own ideas about who would be their good friend. 31.【答案】between 【分析】本题考查介词短语搭配。 【解析】between...and....意为在...和...之间，常用于两者。 32.【答案】workers 【分析】本题考查名词的单复数变化 【解析】worker是可数名词，再根据空格前的some可知应用workers。 33.【答案】the 【分析】本题考查冠词的用法 【解析】表示特指，应用定冠词the。 34.【答案】became 【分析】本题考查动词时态。 【解析】根据上下文可知空格处应用动词的过去式。 35.【答案】built 【分析】本题考查一般过去时的被动语态。 【解析】句意为：几年后，为熊搭建了新的笼子。笼子和搭建之间为被动关系，故使用被动语态。 36.【答案】However 【分析】本题考查连词使用。 【解析】前后句表示转折关系，空格后有逗号，且置于句首，应用However。 37.【答案】angrily 【分析】本题考查副词的使用 【解析】修饰动词应用副词形式。 38.【答案】and 【分析】本题考查连词使用。 【解析】表示并列关系应用and。 39.【答案】closer 【分析】本题考查形容词的比较级形式。 【解析】根据空格后的than可知空格处应用比较级。 40.【答案】their 【分析】本题考查固定短语使用。 【解析】one's own ideas意为“某人自己的观点”。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $