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专题 03 句型(期中专项训练)五年级英语下学期(人教 PEP 版·新教材)
一、句型专项·知识清单(期中必背,核心考点)
1. 核心时态句型(期中重中之重)
一般现在时(描述经常性、习惯性动作或事实)
0. 肯定句:主语 + 动词原形/动词三单 + 其他
(三单主语:he/she/it/单数人名/单数名词)
例句:I go to school at 7:30 every morning.(我每天早上 7:30 去上学。)
He plays football after school.(他放学后踢足球。)
0. 否定句:主语 + don't/doesn't + 动词原形 + 其他
例句:She doesn't like winter.(她不喜欢冬天。)
We don't watch TV on school nights.(我们上学日晚上不看电视。)
0. 一般疑问句:Do/Does + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他?
(肯定回答:Yes, 主语+do/does. 否定回答:No, 主语+don't/doesn't.)
例句:
— Do you like English?(你喜欢英语吗?)
— Yes, I do. / No, I don't.
— Does he have a new bag?(他有一个新书包吗?)
— Yes, he does. / No, he doesn't.
现在进行时(描述正在发生的动作)
0. 肯定句:主语 + am/is/are + 动词-ing + 其他
例句:Look! They are playing basketball.(看!他们正在打篮球。)
I am doing my homework now.(我现在正在做家庭作业。)
0. 否定句:主语 + am/is/are + not + 动词-ing + 其他
例句:She is not (isn't) singing in the room.(她不在房间里唱歌。)
We are not (aren't) reading books.(我们不在看书。)
0. 一般疑问句:Am/Is/Are + 主语 + 动词-ing + 其他?
(肯定回答:Yes, 主语+am/is/are. 否定回答:No, 主语+am not/isn't/aren't.)
例句:
— Is he drawing a picture?(他正在画画吗?)
— Yes, he is. / No, he isn't.
一般将来时(描述将要发生的动作或计划)
0. 肯定句:主语 + will + 动词原形 + 其他 / 主语 + am/is/are + going to + 动词原形 + 其他
例句:I will go to the park tomorrow.(我明天要去公园。)
They are going to have a party next week.(他们下周要举办一个派对。)
0. 否定句:主语 + will not (won't) + 动词原形 + 其他 / 主语 + am/is/are + not + going to + 动词原形 + 其他
例句:He won't go to school today.(他今天不去上学。)
We aren't going to watch a film.(我们不打算去看电影。)
0. 一般疑问句:Will + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他?/ Am/Is/Are + 主语 + going to + 动词原形 + 其他?
例句:
— Will you help me?(你会帮我吗?)
— Yes, I will. / No, I won't.
2. 期中高频句型(必考重点)
疑问句型(疑问词引导,期中必考)
0. 特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词 + 一般疑问句?
常用疑问词及句型:
When(何时):When do you get up?(你什么时候起床?)
Where(何地):Where is your schoolbag?(你的书包在哪里?)
What(什么):What do you do on weekends?(你周末做什么?)
Who(谁):Who is your English teacher?(你的英语老师是谁?)
Why(为什么):Why do you like spring?(你为什么喜欢春天?)
How(怎样):How do you go to school?(你怎样去上学?)
Which(哪一个):Which season do you like best?(你最喜欢哪个季节?)
祈使句(表示命令、请求、建议)
0. 肯定祈使句:动词原形 + 其他
例句:Open the door.(打开门。)Let's play games.(让我们一起玩游戏吧。)
0. 否定祈使句:Don't + 动词原形 + 其他
例句:Don't run in the library.(不要在图书馆里跑。)Don't be late.(不要迟到。)
情态动词 can 句型(表示能力、许可)
0. 肯定句:主语 + can + 动词原形 + 其他
例句:I can swim.(我会游泳。)She can play the pipa.(她会弹琵琶。)
0. 否定句:主语 + can't + 动词原形 + 其他
例句:He can't speak Chinese.(他不会说中文。)
0. 一般疑问句:Can + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他?
(肯定回答:Yes, 主语+can. 否定回答:No, 主语+can't.)
例句:
— Can you dance?(你会跳舞吗?)
— Yes, I can. / No, I can't.
固定句型(必背,不丢分)
0. I like + 动词-ing.(我喜欢做某事)
例句:I like reading books.(我喜欢看书。)
0. Be good at + 动词-ing.(擅长做某事)
例句:She is good at drawing.(她擅长画画。)
0. It's time to + 动词原形.(到做某事的时间了)
例句:It's time to go to bed.(到睡觉的时间了。)
3. 句型转换规则(期中易错点)
1. 肯定句变否定句:一般现在时加 don't/doesn't,现在进行时加 not,一般将来时加 won't/not,情态动词 can 后加 not。
1. 肯定句变一般疑问句:一般现在时提 Do/Does,现在进行时提 am/is/are,一般将来时提 Will,情态动词 can 直接提前,动词还原为原形。
1. 特殊疑问句:疑问词提前,后面接一般疑问句语序,注意主语的人称对应。
二、句型答题方法(4 步拿分技巧)
1. 判时态:根据时间标志词(now/often/tomorrow),确定句子时态,锁定对应句型结构。
1. 看主语:判断主语是否为三单,确定动词形式(原形/三单/ing)。
1. 辨句型:区分是陈述句、疑问句、祈使句,按照对应规则改写或填空。
1. 查通顺:完成后通读句子,检查语法正确、句意连贯,避免拼写错误。
三、期中专项训练
(一)句型转换(每空 2 分,共 40 分)
1. He plays football after school.(改为否定句)
He ________ ________ football after school.
1. They are reading books now.(改为一般疑问句)
________ they ________ books now?
1. I will go to the zoo tomorrow.(改为否定句)
I ________ ________ to the zoo tomorrow.
1. She can sing English songs.(改为一般疑问句)
________ she ________ English songs?
1. I get up at 6:30 every morning.(对划线部分提问)
________ ________ you get up every morning?
1. My English teacher is Miss Li.(对划线部分提问)
________ ________ your English teacher?
1. They go to school by bike.(对划线部分提问)
________ ________ they go to school?
1. She likes swimming.(改为一般疑问句)
________ she ________ swimming?
1. We are going to have a picnic.(改为否定句)
We ________ ________ going to have a picnic.
1. It's time to have breakfast.(改为同义句)
It's time ________ ________.
(二)根据句意完成句子(每空 2 分,共 40分)
1. ________ ________ do you like best?(你最喜欢哪个季节?)
1. He ________ ________ his homework now.(他现在正在做家庭作业。)
1. ________ ________ to the park with me.(和我一起去公园吧。)
1. She ________ ________ speak Chinese.(她不会说中文。)
1. My mother ________ ________ to work every day.(我妈妈每天步行去上班。)
1. ________ ________ you go to school?(你什么时候去上学?)
1. I ________ ________ reading books.(我喜欢看书。)
1. They ________ ________ to the cinema next weekend.(他们下周末要去看电影。)
1. ________ ________ is your school?(你的学校在哪里?)
1. She ________ ________ at drawing.(她擅长画画。)
(三)连词成句(每题 4 分,共 20 分)
1. get up, I, at, 6:40, every morning ( )
1. are, they, playing, basketball, now ( )
1. like, I, spring, because, warm, it's ( )
1. can, he, play, the, pipa ( )
1. go to school, by bike, I, usually ( )
四、参考答案
(一)句型转换
1. doesn't; play
1. Are; reading
1. won't; go
1. Can; sing
1. When; do
1. Who; is
1. How; do
1. Does; like
1. are; not
1. for; breakfast
(二)根据句意完成句子
1. Which; season
1. is; doing
1. Let's go
1. can; not
1. walks; to
1. When; do
1. like; reading
1. will; go
1. Where; is
1. is; good
(三)连词成句
1. I get up at 6:40 every morning.
1. They are playing basketball now.
1. I like spring because it's warm.
1. He can play the pipa.
1. I usually go to school by bike.
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