压轴题：阅读理解（全国通用）- 2026届高考英语最后冲刺提分专练

压轴题：阅读理解（全国通用）精品原卷版 2026届高考英语最后冲刺提分专练 亲爱的高三莘莘学子：阅读理解是英语科分值占比最高的，做好了阅读题，等于该科取得了成功的一半。现小编以独特的新视角方式改编近几年来的高考各地试题，并附有详细的、拓展性的、易错项分析的答案解析版。 考情分析：阅读理解包含：词汇理解，词汇指代、句意理解，具体信息理解，主旨要义理解，观点态度理解，推理推断理解，文章类型理解等。 考点 1 包含生僻词（短语）理解 Passage 1 体裁：议论文： 深海探索 字数：约310 限时 ：7分钟 It’s been quite a while since the world saw exactly how deadly these deep-sea voyages can be.On June18，2023，the private submersible（潜水船）Titan carried five men on a mission to view the remains of the Titanic，which is about 435 miles off the coast of Newfoundland.The dive was expected to take a few hours and reach a depth of more than 12，000 feet.But105 minutes after the Titan went down below the waves，it lost contact. The U.S.and Canadian Coast Guards and the U.S.Navy were called in for a desperate search to rescue the passengers, only to discover the Titan had collapsed inward with no survivors.The disaster dominated global news for weeks, touching off debates: Are human-led deep-sea missions worth their risks and costs? On social media, some expressed sympathy, while others opposed the effort.Critics labeled the passengers“risk-takers”or“senseless,” and journalists strongly criticized the media focus on wealthy explorers instead of 700 drowned victims in the Aegean Sea.The obloquy continues today ——I’ve been targeted myself. For a decade, I've supported undersea exploration, arguing its importance.Critics object that remotely operated machines make human missions unnecessary.Why dive deep when we can study hidden secrets in high definition from safe offices? Yet I defend humanity's drive to explore —the hands-on, unpredictable pursuit⁵that sent us to the moon and across oceans.Without such exploration, scientists can't confirm theories; nor can journalists share real stories.Through many attempts and mistakes, I've learned: To truly describe a subject, you must encounter it. Discovery requires being present. The path to knowledge is challenging, filled with setbacks and failures. It's costly and often unrewarding, but that's exactly why it matters.Trying various approaches ——even following uncertain clues—is crucial to discovery.We lose something vital if we abandon the courage to go deep. 1.What was the initial purpose of the Titan's mission? A.To test an underwater vehicle. B.To study undersea creatures. C.To rescue the Aegean Sea victims. D.To observe the ruins of a ship. 2.What does the underlined word“obloquy”in paragraph 3 refer to? A.The occurrence of drowning. B. The criticism from society. C.The debate among journalists. D.The focus on wealthy explorers. 3.How does the author defend the value of deep-sea exploration？ A.By quoting famous scientists. B.By listing undersea discoveries. C.By weighing the risks and significance. D.By emphasizing its economic benefits. 4.What is essential for discovery according to the author? A.Media coverage. B.Pure imagination. C.Secured environment. D.Direct involvement. Passage 2 体裁：说明文： 人与自然—城市热岛效应的解决方法 字数：约370 限时 ：8分钟 （2026山西大学附中）Urban areas suffer from heat islands. While trees offer natural cooling , many cities lack sufficient greenery. Botanists propose a solution:miniature forests engineered for rapid growth. Traditional ecological success progresses from grasses to shrubs(灌木)to mature trees over decades.The Miyawaki method skips the early phases and jumps directly to planting species found in a mature wood. Practitioners select around 100 local species through field surveys.Using a wide mix of species,not all of them trees,is important.Most plantations,having been created for commercial purposes,are monoculture.But trees,shrubs and ground-covering herbs all coexist in natural forests,and the Miyawaki versions have this from the start,encouraging the plants to grow faster. Gardeners gather seeds and plant them at random rather than in rows.The seedlings have to fight for sunlight,so only the fastest-growing ones survive.Trees planted in this way can shoot up as much as 14%more rapidly than normal.Gardens are tended for three years,then become self-sustaining,maturing in decades.Gardeners are not limited to following nature's recipe book to the letter.Miyawaki forests can be tailored to local requirements. Mr Sharma, a leading advocate of the Miyawaki method,has brought his experience of building cars to bear on the question of tree planting,who is particularly hot on time and motion.He has measured how long,on average,it takes to plant each sort of seed or seedling and uses that information to schedule their sowing.His firm has created over a hundred forests in ten countries in this way.It has also inspired at least 15imitators(模仿者),in places as diverse as Australia,Chile and Iran. What Mr Sharma and others like him offer looks like a modern version of the 19th-century movements that brought city parks and their associated health benefits to the industrializing West.In those days the prevailing attitude towards nature was to try to tame it,and the parks created reflect that in their controlled,formal design.Now,greenery and environmentalism are the fashion,and the wild-like Miyawaki approach reflects this perfectly. The purpose is the same as before—to introduce rus in urbe.But the means are completely in tune with the times. 5.According to the Miyawaki method,which is helpful for rapid forest growth? A.Introducing non-native mature species. B.Copying early succession stages. C.High-density competitive planting. D.Monoculture forest establishment. 6.What does Mr Sharma's approach emphasize? A.Industrial-like efficiency. B.Inflexible natural processes. C.Setting models for followers. D.Awareness of forest protection. 7.How has urban greening changed since the 19th century? A.Health benefits of parks are considered. B.It changes from managing nature to working with it. C.Awareness of green cities has arisen. D.Perfect appearance is now the primary focus. 8.What does “rus in urbe”in the last paragraph probably mean? A.A neatly arranged landscape. B.A wilder city forest. C.Creative natural design. D.Nature in cities. 考点 2 包含词汇指代理解 Passage 1 体裁：议论文： 主题：AI与人类工作的关系 字数：约310 限时 ：7分钟 No matter how you feel about it, AI is here.So, which types of jobs are most at risk?What's the best way to stay relevant? According to a Goldman Sachs study,most jobs and industries are only partially exposed to automation and are thus more likely to be complemented(补充)rather than replaced by AI.So,which are the most endangered? Joe Apfelbaum,who teaches how to use AI through his course,says most at risk are jobs that use a process that can be done faster and cheaper with AI like forming products or filing tax returns. Shannan Monson,a founder and educator,says the outlook is not that negative.“We didn't stop washing our dishes just because the dishwasher was invented.We simply get to do it faster,easier,and with less effort.”Paul Canetti,a professor at Columbia Business School,says that decision-makers and people managers are safe because AI can't motivate or relate to humans. As AI develops,its application might not be as fast as we think.But those who are well-learned in it quickly are at more of an advantage.Canetti says there is going to be“a long period of transition(过渡),where you can perform incredibly well at your job by taking advantage of these new tools before the average person does.” Experts agree that distinctly human skills will remain the most valuable.Humans are uniquely qualified there and human-to-human work is going to be the hardest to replace."Focus on building your skills as a team player and a team leader,”Monson says.Apfelbaum argues that it's not just about reskilling, but rather people need to get over their fears and get complete with who they are so they can show up with all their creativity since AI does not have passion and real human creativity. 1.What may be affected most by AI? A.Managing human resources. B.Reporting taxes. C.Making decisions. D.Releasing new products. 2.What might Apfelbaum and Monson agree with? A.We can't stop AI controlling our life. B.We needn't overestimate AI's impact. C.Adopting AI makes humans lazy. D.Employing AI in life is effortless. 3.What does the underlined word "it"in paragraph 5refer to? A.AI's outlook. B.AI's development. C.AI's application. D.AI's advantage. 4.【考查段落推断】What is the function of the last paragraph? A.To discuss ways to get relevant to AI. B.To explore human emotions AI affects. C.To present arguments AI has caused. D.To exhibit AI's creativity in workplaces. Passage 2 体裁：说明文：植物养护与哲学的关系 词数：约340 限时：7分钟 A few weeks ago I bought two orchids(兰花)for my windowsill.After giving them the dose of water they clearly missed in the shop,I started reflecting on how closely plant care and philosophy are connected.The two,I realized ,share more than meets the eye. You care for plants,and enjoy the life that develops thanks to your care,but the process is never finished.It continues until the plant completes its life cycle and then starts all over again.Philosophy works in the same way:new ideas,insights and perspectives are constantly emerging from the care taken with existing ideas.So just as plants grow and bloom,philosophical thinking is an ongoing process of becoming which never really reaches an end point.But it is precisely this constant thinking that keeps us on our toes.stimulates our creativity,and challenges us to leave the beaten track. Philosophical thinking,like caring for plants,also requires patience.While we think,little seems to be happening.The thinker seems to lose himself in reasoning,an idea,a concept...In this he resembles the gardener who also plays.a largely passive role between sowing and harvesting.In other words,the gardener has to follow the rhythms of nature.He can do little but wait,observe—and perhaps attend to his own thoughts.This waiting,this slowness,this patience we must exercise,are part of philosophy,just as they're part of gardening. Furthermore,both gardening and philosophy are far from useful in the traditional understanding of the word.Philosophical thinking rarely produces immediate,concrete results.The same goes for taking care of plants:there's little economic benefit in watering houseplants.But isn't true happiness to be found precisely in the seemingly useless?When I see the spray of water from my watering can,my mind escapes the world of immediate rewards for a moment. So even watering plants raises more questions than you might think.But isn't questioning precisely the essence of both philosophy,and of life itself? 5.Which best describes the similarity between gardening and philosophical thinking? A.Continuous. B.Unpredictable. C.Inspiring. D.Creative. 6.According to paragraph 3,how are gardeners and thinkers alike? A.They need to follow the natural pace. B.They must work quickly and efficiently. C.They both need to experience loneliness. D.They should set goals before taking action. 7.What does the underlined phrase“the word”in paragraph 4 refer to? A.Philosophy. B.Useful. C.Happiness. D.Patient. 8.What's the main purpose of the text? A.To encourage a simpler way of living. B.To explain the basic ideas of philosophy. C.To explore how philosophy improves daily life. D.To illustrate the link between gardening and philosophy. 考点 3 包含直接信息+综合信息理解 Passage 1 体裁：应用文： 主题：东西方文化交流与融合 词数：约250限时：5分钟 Community Interactive Concert —Celebrating Asian American Music and Culture Date and time Saturday,May 3,2025 at 4 p.m. Location The Sun Park About this event Learn about the different influences that our beloved Asian cultures here in Queens have gifted to us as we listen to music by different Asian composers and musicians.Learn about the different instruments and sounds of the East and learn how they influenced the music of the West and became mixed,turning into something new and beautiful. First comes Community Concert for Kids,which is created with our youngest audience members in mind.This concert is 60 minutes in length,and is FREE to all who attend.All ages are welcome! At 7:30 p.m. there will be a following full-length concert,the Evening Show,with paid admission.Anyone who attends Community Concert for Kids and brings proof of attendance will receive 50%off the ticket price for the Evening Show. Price General Admission/Adult $20 Children(aged 15 and under)$12 Organized by: Musica Reginae Productions(MRP) MRP is devoted to serving the citizens of Queens,the most ethnically(民族上)diverse county in the United States. Artists and audiences at MRP concerts regularly represent this full range of diversity.Most MRP concerts feature Queens natives or residents as performers and composers.All of our COMMUNITY CONCERTS have a companion concert specially tailored for kids and families that takes place a few hours prior on the same day and is FREE to the public with reservations recommended. 1.What is the aim of Community Interactive Concert? A.To raise charitable donations. B.To advertise an interactive concert. C.To present famous musicians. D.To explore the musical integration. 2.How much would a couple with two kids under12 pay for both concerts? A.$32. B.$44. C.$52. D.$64. 3.What is special about MRP? A.It focuses on classical music for kids. B.It offers free family-friendly concerts. C.Its most concerts require paid reservations. D.Its most concerts feature international artists. Passage 2 体裁：说明文： 主题：自然对健康的影响 词数：约330限时:8分钟 The past decade saw an increase in knowledge about the gut microbiota (肠道微生物群),and how it can have a positive impact on our health.I was first introduced to this area of science by Professor Gretchen Daily from Stanford University.She mentioned a research project conducted in Finland.The study set up an experiment with children in kindergartens to see what happened to their skin and gut microbiomes and their immune(免疫的)system function if they played in areas containing elements of nature. Seventy-nine children took part,all living in urban environments and spending the majority of their days at different daycare centres around Finland.They were encouraged to play in only one of the three types of yard over the 28 days of the experiment.The first was a standard outdoor play area,made up of concrete,gravel and some plastic matting.The second was nature-based:these have grass,soil and planted areas.In the experimental areas,the concrete and gravel were covered with the forest floor and soil from the local forest. Before and after periods of play,the children's skin and gut microbiota were measured,along with changes in their blood for immunoregulatory cytokine levels and Treg cell frequencies.These cells and proteins play a crucial role in preventing certain diseases;their levels in our blood are often used as an indication of how well the immune system is functioning.Remarkable results emerged.The children who played in the experimental yard showed a large increase in the diversity of microbiota on their skin and in their gut,in comparison to the children playing in the urban and nature-based areas.Importantly,these were the“good”types of microbiota. The importance of this study cannot be overstated.It's clear that even short-term exposure to nature's microbial diversity has the potential to fundamentally change the diversity of microbiota on our skin and in our gut.In addition,it suggests that the altered gut microbiota can regulate the function of our immune system. 4.What was the purpose of the research project? A.To analyze children's play preferences. B.To explore nature's impact on health. C.To compare different daycare environments. D.To seek ways to improve children's immunity. 5.What was the feature of the experimental yard according to the text? A.It included plastic matting only. B.It was entirely made of concrete. C.It was planted with artificial grass. D.It was covered with local forest soil. 6.What did the research show? A.Fewer kids played in urban areas. B.More kids preferred experimental yards. C.The kids' immune system functioned the same. D.The kids' microbiota diversity rose in experimental areas. 7.What does the study suggest about future health practices? A.Increasing physical exercise. B.Conducting long-term studies. C.Integrating nature into daily life. D.Increasing microbial diversity artificially. Passage 3 体裁：说明文： 主题：保护生态 词数：约270限时：6分钟 Ranger Programs at Yosemite National Park Yosemite National Park offers a variety of ranger(护林人)programs designed to connect visitors with the park's remarkable natural and cultural wonders. Join us this summer for a series of engaging and educational experiences. Yosemite's Wildlife Encounters(June 20 to August 15) Set out on a family-friendly adventure to learn how to spot wildlife in their natural habitat.Understand the behaviors and habitats of Yosemite's diverse wildlife through engaging presentations and interactive discussions.Meet at the Happy Isles Art and Nature Center for this enriching experience. Junior Ranger Adventure Camp(July 1 to August 31) Children become junior park rangers for a day,exploring the park's geological wonders ,ecological systems,and wildlife.With hands-on activities and games,kids develop a deeper appreciation of nature.Meet at the Yosemite Valley Visitor Center to kick off their adventure. Waterfalls of Yosemite: A Photographic Journey(July 10) Record the impressive view of Yosemite's waterfalls with guidance from our park photographer. Learn techniques to enhance your nature photography and compose unforgettable images.Meet at the Yosemite Falls parking lot for this once-in-a-lifetime workshop. Evening Star Talks at Tunnel View(August 10 to September 5) Gather at the famous Tunnel View for an evening under the stars.Rangers provide insights into the astronomical bodies visible in Yosemite's clear skies,sharing stories of the star patterns and the park's night-time wildlife.Meet at the Tunnel View parking area for this enlightening program. Participating in these ranger programs allows you to explore further into Yosemite's natural beauty,gain unique insights,and create lasting memories.Don't miss the chance to experience Yosemite's wonders this summer. 8.Which of the four programs begins the earliest? A.Yosemite's Wildlife Encounters. B.Junior Ranger Adventure Camp. C.Waterfalls of Yosemite:A Photographic Journey. D.Evening Star Talks at Tunnel View. 9.Where will the participants meet for the photography workshop? A.The Happy Isles Art and Nature Center. B.The Yosemite Falls parking lot. C.The Yosemite Valley Visitor Center. D.The Tunnel View parking area. 10.What do the four programs have in common? A.Skill development. B.Nature connection. C.Hands-on activities. D.Interactive discussions. 考点 4 主旨要义理解（标题+段落+全文） Passage 1 体裁：议论文： 主题：教育拓展的好处 词数：约320限时：8分钟 [2026重庆市高质检]Expansive framing is the counterpart to bounded framing.Bounded framing involves “teaching to the test”in ways that minimize students’ future use of knowledge,signaling its irrelevance beyond the classroom and holding back skill development.In contrast,expansive framing equips students with a compass,revealing why to invest effort in learning science as a tool for navigating the world.By contextualizing material as personally relevant and encouraging,it connects learners to science tangibly, widening perspectives. This approach enhances transfer,critical thinking,and motivation,fostering greater personal relevance and sustained scientific interest. However,finding real-world examples of science content relatable to students' lives can be tricky .Providing authentic scientific situations often requires experts with career-specific knowledge that may not be readily available.Therefore,restructuring instruction to be expansive requires the partnership of science teachers with members of industry,academics,or other researchers.These partnerships could inspire dialogues on pressing problems —those experts seek to solve and students strive to understand. Expansive framing represents a point of interaction for students and teachers to be deeply engaged with science.While many science phenomena may be abstract,global,or layered,causing students to feel conflicted,expansive framing provides a means of cutting through those layers and gives students a deeper understanding of science,allowing more tangible connections with how science is applied. Aside from relevancy,this personal contextualization opens the door for engaging with critical questions not usually covered by standards.As with previous science reform,discussions about science are often limited to what concepts and practices should be learned,where,when,and how.Perhaps due to standardized instruction,questions of why and for whom are often left out.Expansive framing guides students directly towards asking these questions. In both of these ways,expansive framing represents a stepping stone towards better science comprehension and scientific competence.It is crucial that we help students forge deep bonds with science,starting in the classroom. 1.What can be inferred from the first paragraph? A.Science learning promotes personal interest. B.Expansive framing neglects test preparation. C.Teaching to tests enhances student motivation, D.Bounded framing restricts the transfer of skills. 2.Why must teachers seek external partnerships? A.Teachers lack practical scientific knowledge. B.Schools prioritize test scores over capabilities C.Students need industry leaders for career decisions D.Standardized instruction prevents irrelevance. 3.How does expansive framing transform student inquiry? A.By focusing on standardized education of science. B.By leading students to question purpose and reason. C.By simplifying complex procedures of discussion. D.By establishing a new set of rules for questioning. 4.What is the best title for the text? A.Challenges in Teaching Science Effectively B.Strategies for Applying Science in Real Life C.The Role of Expansive Learning in Education D.Advancing Science Learning with Wider Contexts Passage 2 体裁：说明文： 主题：艺术创作 词数：约340 限时：8分钟 [2026南通调研]Have you ever wondered why certain songs or paintings feel deeply satisfying?Language expert Jay Keyser's research finds that repetition makes art speak to us. Artists like jazz musician Duke Ellington and painter Andy Warhol purposefully use repetition —not simply as copying,but as a clever“same,but different”skill.In Ellington's Satin Doll,for example,the rhythm repeats while the notes stay high or low,and the song's words mirror this pattern.Warhol's soup cans appear alike at first sight,yet each design changes a little.This skill—called"same/except"by Jay Keyser in his book Play it again,Sam—makes art feel richer and more pleasant to our brains. Interestingly,discovering repetition brings much more.Consider a photograph of the US city of Albuquerque that is often discussed for its meaning.Look closer,and you may find that a dog sits in the center with a street sign shadow to its right copying its shape.Recognizing this hidden pattern,as Keyser suggests,repays us with unexpected pleasure and more.Training our eyes to notice such patterns—whether in poetry,paintings or songs —unlocks new meaning. Why does repetition create such a connection?According to Keyser,science offers an answer:the mere exposure effect(单纯曝光效应).Just as a baby grows fond of a mother's face through repeated sights,we naturally develop a liking for familiar patterns.Advertisers use this by repeating product names to build trust. Artists harness it too—Warhol's repeated cans or a song's repeated catchy parts make us feel comforted and connected. Keyser shows great art works with the brain's makeup.When artists repeat certain parts with changes,the art is in line with how our minds seek order,expect patterns,and gain joy from“finding”connections —though we are not aware of it.By studying how artists skillfully apply the“same/except”skill across mediums,and by connecting these choices with science,we gain the key to admiring creativity's universal magic.This makes everyday experiences with music,paintings,and words much richer. 5.What does the“same/except”skill focus on? A.Non-traditional artistic styles. B.Combining different art forms. C.Repetition with slight variations. D.Breaking all patterns completely. 6.What does the example of the Albuquerque photo highlight? A.Fun designs attract more attention. B.Admiring street art lifts one's spirits. C.Repetition enriches art experiences. D.Famous art deserves lasting discussion. 7.What does the underlined word“harness”in paragraph 4 probably mean? A.Take advantage of. B.Turn down. C.Have control of. D.Make out. 8.What does the last paragraph mainly tell us? A.Art sometimes matches our mindset. B.Science explains artistic techniques. C.Artists use repetition unconsciously. D.Creativity is the key to admiring art. Passage 3 体裁：说明文： 主题：数字通信对语言领域的影响 词数：约360 限时：8分钟 [2026衡水四调]The Digital Age is a period characterized by the rapid advancement of digital technologies,which have drastically reshaped various aspects of human life,particularly communication.It has speeded up the accessibility of communication,resulting in a new language landscape. Digital communication has given rise to an explosion of new vocabulary,as digital communication platforms continuously evolve.Many new terms have emerged to describe digital experiences,interactions,and phenomena,such as “selfie”,“hashtag”,and“meme”.These words have become integral to everyday language and reflect the changing ways in which individuals communicate and share their identities online. Digital communication has significantly changed the way individuals express themselves.One key change is the shift toward being informal and brief in communication.Abbreviations(缩写)such as“LOL”(Laughing Out Loud),“OMG”(Oh My God),and“IDK”(I Don't Know)have become common in everyday conversation,especially in digital spaces where quick exchanges are essential. One of the most groundbreaking innovations in digital communication is the development of AI-powered machine translation tools,such as DeepL.These tools have dramatically increased the accessibility of content across different languages, enabling users to communicate with others who speak different languages in real time.However,the widespread use of machine translation also presents several challenges.While AI translation tools have made significant advancements,issues related to accuracy and cultural difference remain.For instance,machine translation may struggle with slang(俚语)or context dependent meanings that are integral to certain languages.This can lead to incorrect translations or misunderstandings. In addition to the technical challenges,there is also the issue of language diversity.Machine translation tools primarily focus on widely spoken languages,leaving less commonly spoken languages underrepresented.As technology continues to shape communication,it is essential to promote digital inclusivity?, ensuring that all languages,cultures,and communities are represented and supported in the digital landscape.This will require a shared effort to bridge the digital divide,protect language heritage,and make the digital world accessible to everyone,regardless of the language they speak. 9.What is the primary function of new digital vocabulary like“selfie”? A.To simplify online communication. B.To replace traditional words and phrases. C.To label new digital actions and concepts. D.To standardize daily languages across platforms. 10.Why do AI translators still fall short according to the author? A.They struggle with born-digital materials. B.They miss implied cultural meanings. C.They have a delay in real-time conversation. D.They ignore users' emotions completely. 11.What's the purpose of the last paragraph? A.To criticize machine translation tools. B.To call for diversifying digital languages. C.To argue for preserving new digital words. D.To promote digital words in the less developed area. 12.What is the text mainly about? A.The evolution of digital languages. B.The informality of digital communication. C.The explosion of new digital vocabulary. D.The influence of digital communication. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 压轴题：阅读理解（全国通用）精品解析版 2026届高考英语最后冲刺提分专练 亲爱的高三莘莘学子：阅读理解是英语科分值占比最高的，做好了阅读题，等于该科取得了成功的一半。现小编以独特的新视角方式改编近几年来的高考各地试题，并附有详细的、拓展性的、易错项分析的答案解析版。 考情分析：阅读理解包含：词汇理解，词汇指代、句意理解，具体信息理解，主旨要义理解，观点态度理解，推理推断理解，文章类型理解等。 考点 1 包含生僻词（短语）理解 Passage 1 体裁：议论文： 深海探索 字数：约310 限时 ：7分钟 It’s been quite a while since the world saw exactly how deadly these deep-sea voyages can be.On June18，2023，the private submersible（潜水船）Titan carried five men on a mission to view the remains of the Titanic，which is about 435 miles off the coast of Newfoundland.The dive was expected to take a few hours and reach a depth of more than 12，000 feet.But105 minutes after the Titan went down below the waves，it lost contact. The U.S.and Canadian Coast Guards and the U.S.Navy were called in for a desperate search to rescue the passengers, only to discover the Titan had collapsed inward with no survivors.The disaster dominated global news for weeks, touching off debates: Are human-led deep-sea missions worth their risks and costs? On social media, some expressed sympathy, while others opposed the effort.Critics labeled the passengers“risk-takers”or“senseless,” and journalists strongly criticized the media focus on wealthy explorers instead of 700 drowned victims in the Aegean Sea.The obloquy continues today ——I’ve been targeted myself. For a decade, I've supported undersea exploration, arguing its importance.Critics object that remotely operated machines make human missions unnecessary.Why dive deep when we can study hidden secrets in high definition from safe offices? Yet I defend humanity's drive to explore —the hands-on, unpredictable pursuit⁵that sent us to the moon and across oceans.Without such exploration, scientists can't confirm theories; nor can journalists share real stories.Through many attempts and mistakes, I've learned: To truly describe a subject, you must encounter it. Discovery requires being present. The path to knowledge is challenging, filled with setbacks and failures. It's costly and often unrewarding, but that's exactly why it matters.Trying various approaches ——even following uncertain clues—is crucial to discovery.We lose something vital if we abandon the courage to go deep. 1.What was the initial purpose of the Titan's mission? A.To test an underwater vehicle. B.To study undersea creatures. C.To rescue the Aegean Sea victims. D.To observe the ruins of a ship. 2.What does the underlined word“obloquy”in paragraph 3 refer to? A.The occurrence of drowning. B. The criticism from society. C.The debate among journalists. D.The focus on wealthy explorers. 3.How does the author defend the value of deep-sea exploration？ A.By quoting famous scientists. B.By listing undersea discoveries. C.By weighing the risks and significance. D.By emphasizing its economic benefits. 4.What is essential for discovery according to the author? A.Media coverage. B.Pure imagination. C.Secured environment. D.Direct involvement. 答案解析 语篇类型：议论文 主题：人与自然——深海探索 文章大意：本文以2023年6月18日，泰坦号私人潜水船在前往查看泰坦尼克号残骸途中失联并导致乘客无一生还这一灾难为引子，讨论深海任务是否值得冒险。作者认为亲身参与对于发现至关重要。 1.D理解具体信息 根据第一段的“the private submersible(潜水船)Titan carried five men on a mission to view the remains of the Titanic”可知，泰坦号私人潜水船的最初目的是观察泰坦尼克号残骸。 2.B理解生僻词 第三段前两句提到社会对深海探索的看法。部分人表达同情，另一些人反对， 批评者称乘客为“冒险者”或“不明智的(人)”,记者也强烈批评媒体关注富有的探险者而非爱琴海遇难者。由此可知，画线词上文的核心是“社会对深海探索的批评”。画线词后的“continues today”说明“obloquy”指代上文核心内容。因此画线词指的是社会的批评。故选B。 考点突破：语境猜词 任何一篇文章中的句子在内容上都不是绝对孤立的，都跟句子所在的段落及整篇文章有关。利用上下文提供的情景和线索，进行合乎逻辑的综合分析进而推测词义，是阅读过程中的一大关键，这也是近年来高考考查的热点。 3.C 理解写作手法 根据第五段“Yet I defend humanity’s drive to explore...Discovery requires being present”和最后一段的“The path to knowledge is challenging...but that's exactly why it matters”可知，作者认为，这种亲身实践的、不可预测的追求让人们登上月球、跨越海洋。没有这样的探索，科学家无法证实种种理论；记者也无法分享真实的事。通往知识的道路充满挑战，挫折与失败并存。它代价高昂且常常没有回报，但这正是它重要的原因。由此可知，作者通过讲述虽然深海探索有风险，但其意义重大来为其价值进行辩护，故选C项“通过权衡风险和重要性”。 新考法解读:论证方法题，提升思维考查层级 本题为论证方法题，要求判断作者捍卫深海探索价值的论证方式，属于高考阅读中对“文本逻辑结构”的考查，侧重检测同学们对作者观点支撑方式的分析能力，契合新高考英语注重考查学生思维品质的趋势。 4.D 理解具体信息 根据倒数第二段的“Through many attempts and mistakes…Discovery requires being present”可知，作者认为，对于发现来说，亲自参与是很重要的。故选D。 Passage 2 体裁：说明文： 人与自然—城市热岛效应的解决方法 字数：约370 限时 ：8分钟 （2026山西大学附中）Urban areas suffer from heat islands. While trees offer natural cooling , many cities lack sufficient greenery. Botanists propose a solution:miniature forests engineered for rapid growth. Traditional ecological success progresses from grasses to shrubs(灌木)to mature trees over decades.The Miyawaki method skips the early phases and jumps directly to planting species found in a mature wood. Practitioners select around 100 local species through field surveys.Using a wide mix of species,not all of them trees,is important.Most plantations,having been created for commercial purposes,are monoculture.But trees,shrubs and ground-covering herbs all coexist in natural forests,and the Miyawaki versions have this from the start,encouraging the plants to grow faster. Gardeners gather seeds and plant them at random rather than in rows.The seedlings have to fight for sunlight,so only the fastest-growing ones survive.Trees planted in this way can shoot up as much as 14%more rapidly than normal.Gardens are tended for three years,then become self-sustaining,maturing in decades.Gardeners are not limited to following nature's recipe book to the letter.Miyawaki forests can be tailored to local requirements. Mr Sharma, a leading advocate of the Miyawaki method,has brought his experience of building cars to bear on the question of tree planting,who is particularly hot on time and motion.He has measured how long,on average,it takes to plant each sort of seed or seedling and uses that information to schedule their sowing.His firm has created over a hundred forests in ten countries in this way.It has also inspired at least 15imitators(模仿者),in places as diverse as Australia,Chile and Iran. What Mr Sharma and others like him offer looks like a modern version of the 19th-century movements that brought city parks and their associated health benefits to the industrializing West.In those days the prevailing attitude towards nature was to try to tame it,and the parks created reflect that in their controlled,formal design.Now,greenery and environmentalism are the fashion,and the wild-like Miyawaki approach reflects this perfectly. The purpose is the same as before—to introduce rus in urbe.But the means are completely in tune with the times. 5.According to the Miyawaki method,which is helpful for rapid forest growth? A.Introducing non-native mature species. B.Copying early succession stages. C.High-density competitive planting. D.Monoculture forest establishment. 6.What does Mr Sharma's approach emphasize? A.Industrial-like efficiency. B.Inflexible natural processes. C.Setting models for followers. D.Awareness of forest protection. 7.How has urban greening changed since the 19th century? A.Health benefits of parks are considered. B.It changes from managing nature to working with it. C.Awareness of green cities has arisen. D.Perfect appearance is now the primary focus. 8.What does “rus in urbe”in the last paragraph probably mean? A.A neatly arranged landscape. B.A wilder city forest. C.Creative natural design. D.Nature in cities. 文章大意：文章主要介绍了针对城市热岛效应，植物学家提出的“宫胁法”迷你森林解决方案，包括该方法的原理、Sharma先生对其的优化应用，以及其与19世纪城市绿化方式的异同等,展示人与自然和谐共处。 5.C 理解具体信息 根据第二段中的“trees, shrubs and ground-covering herbs all coexist in natural forests……to grow faster”(树木、灌木和地被草本植物在天然森林中共同存在，宫胁法一开始就这样做，促进植物更快生长)以及第三段中的“Gardeners gather seeds and…so only the fastest-growing ones survive…more rapidly than normal”(园丁们把种子收集起来，随意撒播而不是一排排地种。幼苗必须争夺阳光，所以只有长得最快的才能存活下来，以这种方式种植的树的生长速度可比普通树木快14%)可知，根据宫胁法，高密度竞争性种植对森林快速生长有用，故选C。A项“引入非本地的成熟物种”;B项“模仿生态演替的早期阶段”;C项“高密度竞争性种植”;D项“单一树种森林的建立”。 错误项分析 根据第二段中的“Practitioners select around100 local species through field surveys”可知，在宫胁法中从业人员用的是本地物种，故排除A;根据第二段中的“The Miyawaki method skips the early phases”可知，宫胁法跳过了早期阶段，故排除B;根据第二段内容可知，宫胁法从一开始就模仿大自然的多物种共存，认为种植多种物种很重要，而不是只种一种物种，故排除D。 6. A 推断理解 根据第四段中的“who is particularly hot on time and motion....uses that information to schedule their sowing”可知，Sharma先生尤其注重时间与流程效率，他会测算出每种种子或幼苗种植所需的平均时间，并利用这些信息来安排播种计划。据此可以推断，Shanna的方法强调工业化般的效率，故选A。A项“工业化般的效率”;B项“缺乏灵活性的自然过程”;C项“为追随者树立榜样”;D项“森林保护意识”。 7.B推断 根据最后一段内容可知，在19世纪人们对自然的普遍态度是试图去驯服它，当时所建的公园在其受控制、规整的设计中就体现了这一点；如今人们采用野生化方式，与自然协作。故选B。A项“公园的健康益处被纳入考量”;B项“从管理自然转向与自然合作”;C项“绿色城市的意识已经兴起”;D项“完美的外观现在是首要关注点”。 8.D理解生僻词短语 根据该短语前面的“The purpose is the same as before”可知，此处讲到的内容应与19世纪的运动目标一致；结合该段中的“that brought city parks and their associated health benefits to the industrializing West”可知，19世纪的运动为工业化中的西方带来了城市公园及其相关的健康益处，因此可推测此处rus in urbe的意思与城市中的自然有关，故选D。A项“布局整齐的景观”;B项“更具野性的城市森林”;C项“富有创意的自然式设计”;D项“城市中的自然”。 考点 2 包含词汇指代理解 Passage 1 体裁：议论文： 主题：AI与人类工作的关系 字数：约310 限时 ：7分钟 No matter how you feel about it, AI is here.So, which types of jobs are most at risk?What's the best way to stay relevant? According to a Goldman Sachs study,most jobs and industries are only partially exposed to automation and are thus more likely to be complemented(补充)rather than replaced by AI.So,which are the most endangered? Joe Apfelbaum,who teaches how to use AI through his course,says most at risk are jobs that use a process that can be done faster and cheaper with AI like forming products or filing tax returns. Shannan Monson,a founder and educator,says the outlook is not that negative.“We didn't stop washing our dishes just because the dishwasher was invented.We simply get to do it faster,easier,and with less effort.”Paul Canetti,a professor at Columbia Business School,says that decision-makers and people managers are safe because AI can't motivate or relate to humans. As AI develops,its application might not be as fast as we think.But those who are well-learned in it quickly are at more of an advantage.Canetti says there is going to be“a long period of transition(过渡),where you can perform incredibly well at your job by taking advantage of these new tools before the average person does.” Experts agree that distinctly human skills will remain the most valuable.Humans are uniquely qualified there and human-to-human work is going to be the hardest to replace."Focus on building your skills as a team player and a team leader,”Monson says.Apfelbaum argues that it's not just about reskilling, but rather people need to get over their fears and get complete with who they are so they can show up with all their creativity since AI does not have passion and real human creativity. 1.What may be affected most by AI? A.Managing human resources. B.Reporting taxes. C.Making decisions. D.Releasing new products. 2.What might Apfelbaum and Monson agree with? A.We can't stop AI controlling our life. B.We needn't overestimate AI's impact. C.Adopting AI makes humans lazy. D.Employing AI in life is effortless. 3.What does the underlined word "it"in paragraph 5refer to? A.AI's outlook. B.AI's development. C.AI's application. D.AI's advantage. 4.【考查段落推断】What is the function of the last paragraph? A.To discuss ways to get relevant to AI. B.To explore human emotions AI affects. C.To present arguments AI has caused. D.To exhibit AI's creativity in workplaces. 语篇类型：议论文 主题：科技发展—AI与人类工作 文章大意：本文就哪些工作最容易被AI取代进行了探讨，并指出那些擅长快速学习AI应用的人会占得先机，最后引用两位专家的话说明了人们应该怎么做以避免被AI替代。 1.B 理解具体信息 根据第三段中的"Joe Apfelbaum,who teaches how to use AI through his course...like forming products or filing tax returns”可知，教授如何使用AI课程的Joe Apfelbaum说，最有风险的是那些可以通过AI更快、更便宜地完成的工作，比如产品成型或报税。由此可见，报税工作最容易受到AI的影响。故选B。原文的“filing tax returns”与B项“Reporting taxes”为同义表达。 2.B推断理解 根据第四段中Shannan Monson所说的“the outlook is not that negative”可知，Shannan Monson认为，前景并没有那么黯淡；根据最后一段中“Apfelbaum argues that it's not just about reskilling...since AI does not have passion and real human creativity"可知，Apfelbaum认为人们需要克服恐惧、接受真实的自我，以便展现出全部创造力，因为AI是没有激情和真正的人类创意的。由此可见，Apfelbaum和Monson都认为我们不需要高估AI的影响。故B项正确。 3.C理解代词 代词一般指代上文中的内容。根据第五段的“As AI develops,its application might not be as fast as we think.But those who are well-learned in it quickly are at more of an advantage”可知，随着AI的发展，其应用可能不会像我们想的那么快。但那些能快速学习它的人会占得先机。由此可见，it指代的应该是AI的应用。故选C。 4.A推断理解 题目问“最后一段的作用是什么?”。A项“讨论与人工智能相关的方法”;B项“探索人工智能影响的人类情感”;C项“提出人工智能引发的争论”;D项“展示人工智能在工作场所的创造力”。 解题 根据最后一段中Monson所说的话“Focus on building your skills as a team player and a team leader”和Apfelbaum所认为的“people need to get over their fears and get complete with who they are”可知，两位专家从不同的角度指出，作为人类应当如何在AI的浪潮中保持自己的优势从而不被AI取代。由此可见，最后一段的功能是讨论如何与AI保持相关性。故选A。 Passage 2 体裁：说明文：植物养护与哲学的关系 词数：约340 限时：7分钟 A few weeks ago I bought two orchids(兰花)for my windowsill.After giving them the dose of water they clearly missed in the shop,I started reflecting on how closely plant care and philosophy are connected.The two,I realized ,share more than meets the eye. You care for plants,and enjoy the life that develops thanks to your care,but the process is never finished.It continues until the plant completes its life cycle and then starts all over again.Philosophy works in the same way:new ideas,insights and perspectives are constantly emerging from the care taken with existing ideas.So just as plants grow and bloom,philosophical thinking is an ongoing process of becoming which never really reaches an end point.But it is precisely this constant thinking that keeps us on our toes.stimulates our creativity,and challenges us to leave the beaten track. Philosophical thinking,like caring for plants,also requires patience.While we think,little seems to be happening.The thinker seems to lose himself in reasoning,an idea,a concept...In this he resembles the gardener who also plays.a largely passive role between sowing and harvesting.In other words,the gardener has to follow the rhythms of nature.He can do little but wait,observe—and perhaps attend to his own thoughts.This waiting,this slowness,this patience we must exercise,are part of philosophy,just as they're part of gardening. Furthermore,both gardening and philosophy are far from useful in the traditional understanding of the word.Philosophical thinking rarely produces immediate,concrete results.The same goes for taking care of plants:there's little economic benefit in watering houseplants.But isn't true happiness to be found precisely in the seemingly useless?When I see the spray of water from my watering can,my mind escapes the world of immediate rewards for a moment. So even watering plants raises more questions than you might think.But isn't questioning precisely the essence of both philosophy,and of life itself? 5.Which best describes the similarity between gardening and philosophical thinking? A.Continuous. B.Unpredictable. C.Inspiring. D.Creative. 6.According to paragraph 3,how are gardeners and thinkers alike? A.They need to follow the natural pace. B.They must work quickly and efficiently. C.They both need to experience loneliness. D.They should set goals before taking action. 7.What does the underlined phrase“the word”in paragraph 4 refer to? A.Philosophy. B.Useful. C.Happiness. D.Patient. 8.What's the main purpose of the text? A.To encourage a simpler way of living. B.To explain the basic ideas of philosophy. C.To explore how philosophy improves daily life. D.To illustrate the link between gardening and philosophy. 语篇类型：说明文主题： 生活思考——植物养护与哲学的关系 文章大意：作者通过描述养兰花的经历，引出了对植物养护和哲学关系的探讨。作者指出二者都具有持续性，都需耐心，且在传统意义上都没“有用”,而这种看似的无用却能带来真正的幸福。 5.A理解具体信息 第二段首先说明照料植物、享受蓬勃生长的生命的这个过程永无止境，接着说哲学也是如此，正如植物生长开花，哲学思考也是一个持续“成为”的过程，这个过程永远不会真正抵达终点。由此可知，园艺与哲学思考都具有持续性，故选A。文中的“never finished”“constantly emerging”“an ongoing process”“constant thinking”均是解题的关键信息。 6.A理解具体信息 第三段首句说明植物养护和哲学思考均需要耐心，接着进行具体阐述，思考时，思考者仿佛迷失在推理、某个想法或概念中，这一点和园丁一样，在播种和收获间大多扮演着被动的角色；园丁必须遵循自然的节奏，除了等待、观察，或许还能思考自己的想法之外，几乎无能为力；这种等待、缓慢和必须践行的耐心，既是哲学的一部分，也是园艺的一部分。由此可知，园丁和思考者都需要遵循自然的节奏，耐心等待，故选A。 7.B理解名词 此处考查画线短语的指代含义，其指代的应是上文出现的某个名词或名词性概念。结合语境可知，画线短语所在句表示在对“有用”这个词的传统理解中，园艺和哲学都被认为是无用的。the word指的正是useful个形容词所对应的名词概念，即“有用”这一词汇本身，选B。 误项分析 A项是“far from useful”评价的对象，非画线语指代的内容；C项干扰性较大，很多同学根据下文的But isn't true happiness to be found precisely in the seemingly useless?”(但真正的幸福不正是在这种看似无用事物中被找到的吗?)误认为此处强调“幸福”与“无用”关系，而忽视画线短语指代的应该是上文出现的内容；D在第三段中被提及，与第四段的useful无关。 8.D 理解目的 通读全文，尤其是第一段的“I started reflecting on how closely plant care and philosophy are connected. The two, I realized, share more than meets the eye”可知，本文主要探讨了植物养护和哲学的相似性，即者都具有持续性，都需耐心，且在传统意义上都没“有”。所以本文的写作目的是阐释园艺与哲学之间的联,故选D。 考点 3 包含直接信息+综合信息理解 Passage 1 体裁：应用文： 主题：东西方文化交流与融合 词数：约250限时：5分钟 Community Interactive Concert —Celebrating Asian American Music and Culture Date and time Saturday,May 3,2025 at 4 p.m. Location The Sun Park About this event Learn about the different influences that our beloved Asian cultures here in Queens have gifted to us as we listen to music by different Asian composers and musicians.Learn about the different instruments and sounds of the East and learn how they influenced the music of the West and became mixed,turning into something new and beautiful. First comes Community Concert for Kids,which is created with our youngest audience members in mind.This concert is 60 minutes in length,and is FREE to all who attend.All ages are welcome! At 7:30 p.m. there will be a following full-length concert,the Evening Show,with paid admission.Anyone who attends Community Concert for Kids and brings proof of attendance will receive 50%off the ticket price for the Evening Show. Price General Admission/Adult $20 Children(aged 15 and under)$12 Organized by: Musica Reginae Productions(MRP) MRP is devoted to serving the citizens of Queens,the most ethnically(民族上)diverse county in the United States. Artists and audiences at MRP concerts regularly represent this full range of diversity.Most MRP concerts feature Queens natives or residents as performers and composers.All of our COMMUNITY CONCERTS have a companion concert specially tailored for kids and families that takes place a few hours prior on the same day and is FREE to the public with reservations recommended. 1.What is the aim of Community Interactive Concert? A.To raise charitable donations. B.To advertise an interactive concert. C.To present famous musicians. D.To explore the musical integration. 2.How much would a couple with two kids under12 pay for both concerts? A.$32. B.$44. C.$52. D.$64. 3.What is special about MRP? A.It focuses on classical music for kids. B.It offers free family-friendly concerts. C.Its most concerts require paid reservations. D.Its most concerts feature international artists. 语篇类型：应用文 主题：东西方文化交流与融合 文章大意：本文介绍了社区互动音乐会的相关信息，包括演出日期和具体时间、地点、活动内容（儿童专场和晚间演出）、票价以及组织者Musica Reginae Productions的情况等。 1.D 理解直接信息 根据About this event 部分中的“Learn about the different……how they influenced the music of the West and became mixed, turning into something new and beautiful”可知，该音乐会旨在探索东方音乐对西方音乐的影响及与西方音乐的融合，故D项正确。A项“筹集慈善捐款”;B项“为一场互动式音乐会做宣传”;C项“介绍著名音乐家”;D项“探索音乐融合”。 2.A 理解直接信息 根据About this event 部分中的“First comes Community Concert for Kids………and is FREE to all who attend”可知，社区儿童音乐会(Community Concert for Kids)免费；根据该部分中的“Anyone who attends Community Concert for Kids……50% off the ticket price for the Evening Show”可知，参加儿童场音乐会并持儿童场证明者参加晚间演出可享半价。根据Price 部分中“General Admission/Adult $20”和“Children(aged 15 and under)$12”可知，一对夫妻带两个12岁以下的孩子参加两场音乐会需支付(20×2+12×2)×50%=32(美元),故选A。 错误项分析 本题易误选D项，原因是同学们可能只看到了Price部分中的票价，简单地用人数乘以相应的票价然后相加，却忽略了原文的信息(50% off the ticket price)。 3.B 理解直接信息 题目问的是“MRP的特殊之处是什么?”。A项“它专注于儿童古典音乐”;B 项“它提供免费家庭友好型音乐会”;C项“它的大多数音乐会需付费预订”;D项“它的大多数音乐会以 国际艺术家为特色”。 解题 根据最后一段中的“All of our COMMUNITYCONCERTS have a companion concert specially tailored for kids and families…is FREE to the public”可知，MRP的社区音乐会均配备免费的孩子和家庭专场，故B项正确。B项中的“family-friendly”与原文中的“specially tailored for kids and families”是同义转换。 Passage 2 体裁：说明文： 主题：自然对健康的影响 词数：约330限时:8分钟 The past decade saw an increase in knowledge about the gut microbiota (肠道微生物群),and how it can have a positive impact on our health.I was first introduced to this area of science by Professor Gretchen Daily from Stanford University.She mentioned a research project conducted in Finland.The study set up an experiment with children in kindergartens to see what happened to their skin and gut microbiomes and their immune(免疫的)system function if they played in areas containing elements of nature. Seventy-nine children took part,all living in urban environments and spending the majority of their days at different daycare centres around Finland.They were encouraged to play in only one of the three types of yard over the 28 days of the experiment.The first was a standard outdoor play area,made up of concrete,gravel and some plastic matting.The second was nature-based:these have grass,soil and planted areas.In the experimental areas,the concrete and gravel were covered with the forest floor and soil from the local forest. Before and after periods of play,the children's skin and gut microbiota were measured,along with changes in their blood for immunoregulatory cytokine levels and Treg cell frequencies.These cells and proteins play a crucial role in preventing certain diseases;their levels in our blood are often used as an indication of how well the immune system is functioning.Remarkable results emerged.The children who played in the experimental yard showed a large increase in the diversity of microbiota on their skin and in their gut,in comparison to the children playing in the urban and nature-based areas.Importantly,these were the“good”types of microbiota. The importance of this study cannot be overstated.It's clear that even short-term exposure to nature's microbial diversity has the potential to fundamentally change the diversity of microbiota on our skin and in our gut.In addition,it suggests that the altered gut microbiota can regulate the function of our immune system. 4.What was the purpose of the research project? A.To analyze children's play preferences. B.To explore nature's impact on health. C.To compare different daycare environments. D.To seek ways to improve children's immunity. 5.What was the feature of the experimental yard according to the text? A.It included plastic matting only. B.It was entirely made of concrete. C.It was planted with artificial grass. D.It was covered with local forest soil. 6.What did the research show? A.Fewer kids played in urban areas. B.More kids preferred experimental yards. C.The kids' immune system functioned the same. D.The kids' microbiota diversity rose in experimental areas. 7.What does the study suggest about future health practices? A.Increasing physical exercise. B.Conducting long-term studies. C.Integrating nature into daily life. D.Increasing microbial diversity artificially. 语篇类型：说明文 主题：人与社会—研究发现—自然对健康的影响 文章大意：文章介绍了一项在芬兰开展的研究，研究发现，即使短期接触自然中的各种微生物，也有可能从根本上改变皮肤和肠道中微生物群的多样性，从而调节免疫系统的功能。 4.B 理解直接信息 根据第一段的“The study set up an experiment with children in kindergartens to see what happened to their skin and gut microbiomes and their immune(免疫的)system function if they played in areas containing elements of nature”可知，研究旨在观察如果孩子们在包含自然元素的区域玩耍，他们的皮肤和肠道微生物群以及免疫系统功能会发生什么变化，即探索自然对健康的影响，故选B。A项“为了分析儿童的玩耍偏好”;C项“为了比较不同的日托环境”;D项“为了寻找提高儿童免疫力的方法”。 5.D 理解直接信息 根据第二段最后一句话“In the experimental areas, the concrete and gravel were covered with the forest floor and soil from the local forest”可知，实验场地用当地森林的地皮和土壤覆盖了混凝土和砾石，故选D。 6.D 理解直接信息 根据第三段的“The children who played in the experimental yard showed a large increase in the diversity of microbiota on their skin and in their gut,in comparison to the children playing in the urban and nature-based areas”可知，研究表明，与在城市型和自然型区域玩耍的孩子相比，在实验场地玩耍的孩子的皮肤和肠道中的微生物群多样性显著增加，故选D,D项中的rose与文中的“showed a large increase”是同义表达。 7.C推断 根据最后一段的“It's clear that even short-term exposure to nature's microbial diversity...the altered gut microbiota can regulate the function of our immune system”可知，研究明确表明即使短期接触自然中的各种微生物，也有可能从根本上改变皮肤和肠道中微生物群的多样性，而改变的肠道微生物群可以调节免疫系统的功能。由此可知，研究强调接触自然中的各种微生物可改善健康，暗示人们应增加与自然的接触，故选C项“将自然融入日常生活”。A项“增加体育锻炼”;B项“开展长期研究”;D项“人工增加微生物多样性”。 Passage 3 体裁：说明文： 主题：保护生态 词数：约270限时：6分钟 Ranger Programs at Yosemite National Park Yosemite National Park offers a variety of ranger(护林人)programs designed to connect visitors with the park's remarkable natural and cultural wonders. Join us this summer for a series of engaging and educational experiences. Yosemite's Wildlife Encounters(June 20 to August 15) Set out on a family-friendly adventure to learn how to spot wildlife in their natural habitat.Understand the behaviors and habitats of Yosemite's diverse wildlife through engaging presentations and interactive discussions.Meet at the Happy Isles Art and Nature Center for this enriching experience. Junior Ranger Adventure Camp(July 1 to August 31) Children become junior park rangers for a day,exploring the park's geological wonders ,ecological systems,and wildlife.With hands-on activities and games,kids develop a deeper appreciation of nature.Meet at the Yosemite Valley Visitor Center to kick off their adventure. Waterfalls of Yosemite: A Photographic Journey(July 10) Record the impressive view of Yosemite's waterfalls with guidance from our park photographer. Learn techniques to enhance your nature photography and compose unforgettable images.Meet at the Yosemite Falls parking lot for this once-in-a-lifetime workshop. Evening Star Talks at Tunnel View(August 10 to September 5) Gather at the famous Tunnel View for an evening under the stars.Rangers provide insights into the astronomical bodies visible in Yosemite's clear skies,sharing stories of the star patterns and the park's night-time wildlife.Meet at the Tunnel View parking area for this enlightening program. Participating in these ranger programs allows you to explore further into Yosemite's natural beauty,gain unique insights,and create lasting memories.Don't miss the chance to experience Yosemite's wonders this summer. 8.Which of the four programs begins the earliest? A.Yosemite's Wildlife Encounters. B.Junior Ranger Adventure Camp. C.Waterfalls of Yosemite:A Photographic Journey. D.Evening Star Talks at Tunnel View. 9.Where will the participants meet for the photography workshop? A.The Happy Isles Art and Nature Center. B.The Yosemite Falls parking lot. C.The Yosemite Valley Visitor Center. D.The Tunnel View parking area. 10.What do the four programs have in common? A.Skill development. B.Nature connection. C.Hands-on activities. D.Interactive discussions. 语篇类型：应用文 主题：人与自然——保护生态——护林员引导的项目 文章大意：本文主要讲述了美国约塞米蒂国家公园今年夏天提供的一系列由护林员引导的项目，让游客通过各种互动和教育性体验，更深入地探索和欣赏公园的自然和文化奇观。 8.A理解综合信息 根据各个活动开始的时间Yosemite's Wildlife Encounters(June 20)、Junior Ranger Adventure Camp(July 1)、Waterfalls of Yosemite:A Photographic Journey(July 10)、Evening Star Talks at Tunnel View(August10)可知，Yosemite's Wildlife Encounters是四个项目中最早开始的。故选A。 9.B 理解具体信息 根据Waterfalls of Yosemite:A Photographic Journey(July 10)部分中"Meet at the Yosemite Falls parking lot for this once-in-a-lifetime workshop”可知，摄影工作坊的参与者需要在约塞米蒂瀑布停车场集合。故选B。 10.B理解综合信息 根据Yosemite's Wildlife Encounters中的“Understand the behaviors and habitats of Yosemite's diverse wildlife”可知，此项目关注野生动物；根据Junior Ranger Adventure Camp中的“exploring the park's geological wonders,ecological systems,and wildlife”可知，此项目探索地质奇迹、生态系统和野生动物；根据Waterfalls of Yosemite:A Photographic Journey中的“Record the impressive view of Yosemite's waterfalls”可知，此项目记录瀑布景观；根据Evening Star Talks at Tunnel View部分的内容尤其是“sharing stories of the star patterns and the park's night-time wildlife”可知，此项目则是在夜晚观察星星和野生动物。因此，所有项目的共同点是它们都与自然相关联。故选B。 考点 4 主旨要义理解（标题+段落+全文） Passage 1 体裁：议论文： 主题：教育拓展的好处 词数：约320限时：8分钟 [2026重庆市高质检]Expansive framing is the counterpart to bounded framing.Bounded framing involves “teaching to the test”in ways that minimize students’ future use of knowledge,signaling its irrelevance beyond the classroom and holding back skill development.In contrast,expansive framing equips students with a compass,revealing why to invest effort in learning science as a tool for navigating the world.By contextualizing material as personally relevant and encouraging,it connects learners to science tangibly, widening perspectives. This approach enhances transfer,critical thinking,and motivation,fostering greater personal relevance and sustained scientific interest. However,finding real-world examples of science content relatable to students' lives can be tricky .Providing authentic scientific situations often requires experts with career-specific knowledge that may not be readily available.Therefore,restructuring instruction to be expansive requires the partnership of science teachers with members of industry,academics,or other researchers.These partnerships could inspire dialogues on pressing problems —those experts seek to solve and students strive to understand. Expansive framing represents a point of interaction for students and teachers to be deeply engaged with science.While many science phenomena may be abstract,global,or layered,causing students to feel conflicted,expansive framing provides a means of cutting through those layers and gives students a deeper understanding of science,allowing more tangible connections with how science is applied. Aside from relevancy,this personal contextualization opens the door for engaging with critical questions not usually covered by standards.As with previous science reform,discussions about science are often limited to what concepts and practices should be learned,where,when,and how.Perhaps due to standardized instruction,questions of why and for whom are often left out.Expansive framing guides students directly towards asking these questions. In both of these ways,expansive framing represents a stepping stone towards better science comprehension and scientific competence.It is crucial that we help students forge deep bonds with science,starting in the classroom. 1.What can be inferred from the first paragraph? A.Science learning promotes personal interest. B.Expansive framing neglects test preparation. C.Teaching to tests enhances student motivation, D.Bounded framing restricts the transfer of skills. 2.Why must teachers seek external partnerships? A.Teachers lack practical scientific knowledge. B.Schools prioritize test scores over capabilities C.Students need industry leaders for career decisions D.Standardized instruction prevents irrelevance. 3.How does expansive framing transform student inquiry? A.By focusing on standardized education of science. B.By leading students to question purpose and reason. C.By simplifying complex procedures of discussion. D.By establishing a new set of rules for questioning. 4.What is the best title for the text? A.Challenges in Teaching Science Effectively B.Strategies for Applying Science in Real Life C.The Role of Expansive Learning in Education D.Advancing Science Learning with Wider Contexts 语篇类型：议论文 主题：人与社会——教育——拓展的结构对学习的好处 文章大意：文章通过对比局限的结构与拓展的结构，论证了拓展的结构在促进科学学习方面的优势。 1.D推断 根据第一段中的“Bounded framing...minimize students' future use of knowledge...holding back skill development”可知，局限的结构轻视知识的未来应用，阻碍技能发展。A“科学学习提升个人兴趣”;B“拓展的结构忽视考试准备”;C“应试教学增强学生动机”;D“局限的结构限制技能迁移”。 错误项分析A项断章取义，文中说的是拓展的结构能培养持续的科学兴趣；B项过度推断，文中仅提到局限的结构为考试而教；C项张冠李戴，能提升动机的是拓展的结构，为考试而教是局限的结构的特点。 2.A推断 根据第二段中的“Providing authentic scientific situations often requires experts with career-specific knowledge that may not be readily available”可知，提供真实的科学情境通常需要拥有特定职业知识的专家，而这种知识可能对老师来说并非随时都能获得。由此可以推知，教师缺乏特定职业知识，所以需要与其他行业的专家合作。A“教师缺乏实际的科学知识”;B“学校重视考试成绩胜过能力”;C“学生需要行业领袖来做职业决定”;D“标准化教学防止了无关性”。 错误项分析B项偷换概念，重分数轻能力是局限的结构的特点而非学校的做法；C项，“职业抉择”是合作的可能结果而非原因；D项与“Bounded framing..signaling its irrelevance”相悖且答非所问。 3.B理解具体信息 第四段中的“questions of why and for whom are often left out.Expansive framing guides students directly towards asking these questions”明确指出拓展的结构引导学生追问目的和原因。A“通过聚焦标准化的科学教育”;B“通过引导学生质疑目的和原因”;C“通过简化复杂的讨论流程”;D“通过制定一套新的提问规则”。 错误项分析A项与拓展的结构的理念相反；C项错在“simplifying”;D项，拓展的结构不为提问制定规则。 4.D理解文章标题判断 第一段通过对比定义了什么是拓展的结构，并阐述其在科学学习方面的核心 优势；第二段讲述通过与外部合作将学习与真实世界的问题联系起来；第三段讲述拓展的结构让学生能够深入理解科学，与科学建立实际的联系；第四段讲述拓展的结构引导学生在关于科学的讨论中追问目的和原因；第五段总结拓展的结构是加深科学理解、提升科学素养的基石。D项能够概括文章内容，作标题最佳。D项中的“Wider Contexts”呼应拓展的结构。A“有效教授科学面临的挑战”;B“在现实生活中应用科学的策略”;C“扩展性学习在教育中的角色”;D“在更广泛的背景下推进科学学习”。错误项分析A项，“Challenges”表述片面；B项，"Applying Science不是文章重点；C项，“Education”范围过大，未聚焦科学学科。 Passage 2 体裁：说明文： 主题：艺术创作 词数：约340 限时：8分钟 [2026南通调研]Have you ever wondered why certain songs or paintings feel deeply satisfying?Language expert Jay Keyser's research finds that repetition makes art speak to us. Artists like jazz musician Duke Ellington and painter Andy Warhol purposefully use repetition —not simply as copying,but as a clever“same,but different”skill.In Ellington's Satin Doll,for example,the rhythm repeats while the notes stay high or low,and the song's words mirror this pattern.Warhol's soup cans appear alike at first sight,yet each design changes a little.This skill—called"same/except"by Jay Keyser in his book Play it again,Sam—makes art feel richer and more pleasant to our brains. Interestingly,discovering repetition brings much more.Consider a photograph of the US city of Albuquerque that is often discussed for its meaning.Look closer,and you may find that a dog sits in the center with a street sign shadow to its right copying its shape.Recognizing this hidden pattern,as Keyser suggests,repays us with unexpected pleasure and more.Training our eyes to notice such patterns—whether in poetry,paintings or songs —unlocks new meaning. Why does repetition create such a connection?According to Keyser,science offers an answer:the mere exposure effect(单纯曝光效应).Just as a baby grows fond of a mother's face through repeated sights,we naturally develop a liking for familiar patterns.Advertisers use this by repeating product names to build trust. Artists harness it too—Warhol's repeated cans or a song's repeated catchy parts make us feel comforted and connected. Keyser shows great art works with the brain's makeup.When artists repeat certain parts with changes,the art is in line with how our minds seek order,expect patterns,and gain joy from“finding”connections —though we are not aware of it.By studying how artists skillfully apply the“same/except”skill across mediums,and by connecting these choices with science,we gain the key to admiring creativity's universal magic.This makes everyday experiences with music,paintings,and words much richer. 5.What does the“same/except”skill focus on? A.Non-traditional artistic styles. B.Combining different art forms. C.Repetition with slight variations. D.Breaking all patterns completely. 6.What does the example of the Albuquerque photo highlight? A.Fun designs attract more attention. B.Admiring street art lifts one's spirits. C.Repetition enriches art experiences. D.Famous art deserves lasting discussion. 7.What does the underlined word“harness”in paragraph 4 probably mean? A.Take advantage of. B.Turn down. C.Have control of. D.Make out. 8.What does the last paragraph mainly tell us? A.Art sometimes matches our mindset. B.Science explains artistic techniques. C.Artists use repetition unconsciously. D.Creativity is the key to admiring art. 语篇类型:说明文主题: 研究发现—艺术创作策略 文章大意:语言专家Jay Keyser发现艺术家在创作过程中会使用“重复+小变化”策略,让一些元素反复出现又略有不同,契合大脑爱找规律、喜欢联系的特点,让人对艺术作品越来越喜欢。 5.C 理解具体信息 根据第二段中的例子“jazz musician…purposefully use repetition —not simply as copying, but as a clever 'same, but different’ skill……each design changes a little”可知，Ellington重复节奏但音调有高低变化，Warhol的罐头看上去一样，实则每罐细节不同，可见该技巧关注“重复+小变化”。A“非传统的艺术风格”；B“融合不同的艺术形式”；C“带有细微变化的重复”；D“彻底打破所有模式”。 错误项分析A项和D项文中未提及；B项过度推断，加入变化不等于创造不同的艺术形式。 6.C 推断 第三段中提到“discovering repetition brings much more”和“Recognizing this hidden pattern...repays us with unexpected pleasure and more..new meaning”,说明在欣赏照片时发现隐藏重复(狗与路标影子形状呼应)会有意外愉悦，训练眼睛注意到这些图案会发现新意义。由此可知，重复让艺术体验更丰富。A“有趣的设计更能吸引注意”;B“欣赏街头艺术能让人心情振奋”;C“重复丰富了艺术体验”;D“著名的艺术作品值得长久讨论”。 错误项分析A项中“有趣的设计”和D项“著名的艺术作品值得长久讨论”偏离重点，不是作者展开讨论的内容；B项文中未提及。 7.A理解词汇 根据画线词前的“Advertisers use this by repeating product names to build trust”以及画线词后的“too”"Warhol's repeated cans or a song's repeated catchy parts make us feel comforted and connected”可知，画线词意思应与“use”相似，此处表示艺术家也会“利用”单纯曝光效应。A“利用”;B“拒绝”;C“控制”;D“辨认”。 8.A 理解段落主旨要义 最后一段中的“Keyser shows great art works with the brain's makeup...the art is in line with how our minds seek order,expect patterns,and gain joy from 'finding' connections —though we are not aware of it”指出“重复+小变化”契合大脑爱找规律的特点，使我们在无意识中获得快乐。由此可推断，在一些情况下，艺术与我们的思维方式相匹配。.A“艺术有时与我们的思维模式相吻合”;B“科学解释了艺术技巧”;C“艺术家无意识地使用重复”;D“创造力是欣赏艺术的关键”。 错误项分析 B项仅为部分细节；C项中的“unconsciously”与文中信息相反，艺术家是刻意使用；D项中的“Creativity”不是最后一段的重点。 Passage 3 体裁：说明文： 主题：数字通信对语言领域的影响 词数：约350 限时：8分钟 [2026衡水四调]The Digital Age is a period characterized by the rapid advancement of digital technologies,which have drastically reshaped various aspects of human life,particularly communication.It has speeded up the accessibility of communication,resulting in a new language landscape. Digital communication has given rise to an explosion of new vocabulary,as digital communication platforms continuously evolve.Many new terms have emerged to describe digital experiences,interactions,and phenomena,such as “selfie”,“hashtag”,and“meme”.These words have become integral to everyday language and reflect the changing ways in which individuals communicate and share their identities online. Digital communication has significantly changed the way individuals express themselves.One key change is the shift toward being informal and brief in communication.Abbreviations(缩写)such as“LOL”(Laughing Out Loud),“OMG”(Oh My God),and“IDK”(I Don't Know)have become common in everyday conversation,especially in digital spaces where quick exchanges are essential. One of the most groundbreaking innovations in digital communication is the development of AI-powered machine translation tools,such as DeepL.These tools have dramatically increased the accessibility of content across different languages, enabling users to communicate with others who speak different languages in real time.However,the widespread use of machine translation also presents several challenges.While AI translation tools have made significant advancements,issues related to accuracy and cultural difference remain.For instance,machine translation may struggle with slang(俚语)or context dependent meanings that are integral to certain languages.This can lead to incorrect translations or misunderstandings. In addition to the technical challenges,there is also the issue of language diversity.Machine translation tools primarily focus on widely spoken languages,leaving less commonly spoken languages underrepresented.As technology continues to shape communication,it is essential to promote digital inclusivity?, ensuring that all languages,cultures,and communities are represented and supported in the digital landscape.This will require a shared effort to bridge the digital divide,protect language heritage,and make the digital world accessible to everyone,regardless of the language they speak. 9.What is the primary function of new digital vocabulary like“selfie”? A.To simplify online communication. B.To replace traditional words and phrases. C.To label new digital actions and concepts. D.To standardize daily languages across platforms. 10.Why do AI translators still fall short according to the author? A.They struggle with born-digital materials. B.They miss implied cultural meanings. C.They have a delay in real-time conversation. D.They ignore users' emotions completely. 11.What's the purpose of the last paragraph? A.To criticize machine translation tools. B.To call for diversifying digital languages. C.To argue for preserving new digital words. D.To promote digital words in the less developed area. 12.What is the text mainly about? A.The evolution of digital languages. B.The informality of digital communication. C.The explosion of new digital vocabulary. D.The influence of digital communication. 语篇类型：说明文 主题：科技与生活—数字通信对语言领域的影响 文章大意：文章主要介绍数字时代中数字通信对语言领域的多方面影响，包括新词汇产生、表达方式变化及机器翻译问题等。 9.C推断“selfie”、“hashtag”和“meme”是跟在第二段中的“Many new terms have emerged to describe digital experiences,interactions,and phenomena”之后，是为了说明许多新术语出现是为了描述数字体验、互动和现象，据此可以推测，“自拍”这类数字新词汇的主要作用是为新的数字行为和概念贴上标签。故选C。A项“为了简化在线交流”;B项“为了取代传统的词语和短语”;C项“为了给新的数字行为和概念贴上标签”;D项“为了在不同平台之间规范日常用语”。 10.B理解具体信息 根据第四段中的“While AI translation tools have made significant advancements,issues related to accuracy and cultural difference remain”可知，尽管人工智能翻译工具取得了重大进步，但与准确性和文化差异相关的问题仍然存在。由此可见，作者认为人工智能翻译器仍有不足是因为它们无法准确传递隐含的文化含义，故选B。A项“他们在处理原生数字材料时感到困难”;B项“他们会忽略其中隐含的文化含义”;C项“他们在实时对话中会出现延迟”;D项“他们完全忽视用户的情绪”。 11.B 推断 根据第五段内容可知，本段提到了“还有语言多样性问题”“促进数字包容性至关重要，确保所有语言、文化和群体在数字环境中都能得到体现和支持”,由此可见，本段旨在呼吁实现数字语言的多样化，故选B。A项“为了批评机器翻译工具”;B项“为了呼吁数字语言多样化”;C项“为了为保留数字词汇而辩护”;D项“为了在欠发达地区推广数字词汇”。 12.D 理解文章主旨要义 通读全文，第一段点明数字时代数字通信重塑人类生活，尤其影响语言领域；后续段落分别从数字新词汇产生、表达更随意简洁、人工智能翻译的影响与挑战、语言多样性问题等方面展开，均围绕数字通信的影响展开，因此文章主要内容是数字通信的影响，故选D。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $