Unit 4 The Wonders of Nature（单元自测·湖北省卷专用）英语新教材人教版八年级下册

2025-2026学年八年级下册英语单元测试（湖北省卷专用） Unit 4·培优卷 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ （时间：100分钟，满分：90分） 一、完形填空（共 15小题，每小题 1分，满分 15分） 阅读短文，从每小题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Two years ago, on a flight to New Zealand, I watched the film Everest. In the film, a group of travellers get stuck on the mountain in a snowstorm and almost 1 dies. Maybe I just needed more adventures in my life, I thought. So I 2 my resolution to start climbing, which was not the reaction (反应) most people had after watching that film. I decided to climb the highest mountain in every European 3 , about 50 mountains in total. I wanted to see if girls just like me could climb mountains. 4 I was just a normal teenager, I wished to be a role model for girls. There is no standard definition (标准定义) of a mountain. In Holland, the highest mountain is 5 just a small hill. You could even park your car at the top. It sounded a bit like cheating, but I still decided to climb the 6 mountain. Then, I chose to climb Mount Elbrus in Russia, Europe’s highest mountain. It was tiring, but I made it. And I started to make plans for climbing during my 7 to Switzerland, where I planned to climb Dufourspitze, but heavy snow caused the plan to fall through. I realized that I should 8 myself for any change before going up a mountain. Climbing mountains is an experience that is hard to put 9 words. You are in a beautiful environment, and when you 10 the top, you feel extremely happy. But also you have to climb down, which is when most accidents happen — since people are tired and it gets dark, it’s 11 to keep safe. You have to 12 your weak side while climbing. I am afraid of things getting out of control, but I 13 I couldn’t control anything on a mountain. However, I successfully 14 the problem. If you’re 15 on a mountain, quietly with your thoughts for hours, later you will return home with a light heart. 1．A．everybody B．nobody C．somebody D．anybody 2．A．gave up B．wrote down C．lay down D．broke up 3．A．park B．garden C．lake D．country 4．A．As B．Unless C．Although D．If 1 / 10 1 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 5．A．recently B．usually C．normally D．actually 6．A．first B．second C．third D．last 7．A．memory B．lesson C．journey D．experience 8．A．dress B．introduce C．invite D．prepare 9．A．over B．off C．into D．with 10．A．clean B．reach C．taste D．hunt 11．A．easier B．harder C．funnier D．slower 12．A．study B．love C．prefer D．accept 13．A．found B．refused C．left D．promised 14．A．solved B．took C．cared D．heard 15．A．singing B．driving C．standing D．sleeping 二、阅读理解（共 20小题，每小题 2分，满分 40分） 第一节 （共 15小题，每小题 2分，满分 30分） 阅读三篇短文，从每小题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出一个与短文内容相符的最佳选项。 A The largest ocean—the Pacific Ocean Where: It stretches from the Arctic Ocean to the Southern Ocean, and from Asia and Australia in the west to the Americas in the east. How large: It covers more than 165 million square kilometers, which is larger than the total land area of the whole world. What it is like: It has the deepest trench on Earth-the Mariana Trench, which is about 11,000 meters deep. It is also home to thousands of kinds of sea animals and plants, many of which cannot be found in other oceans. The highest waterfall—Angel Falls Where: It is in the rainforest of Venezuela, South America. How high: It drops 979 meters from the top to the bottom. It is about 19 times as high as the Niagara Falls. What it is like: The waterfall is hidden in the thick forest. Visitors usually need to take a plane or a boat to get a close look at its beauty. The water at the bottom turns into mist quickly because of the huge falling height. —the Amazon River Where: It runs through South America, passing through nine countries including Brazil and Peru. How long: The main river stretches 6,400 kilometers in length, making it the longest river system that has more than 1,000 tributaries (支流). What it is like: It carries more water than any other river in the world-more than the next seven largest rivers combined. Its basin (流域) is the world’s largest tropical rainforest, which is like “the lungs of the Earth”. 16．What is special about sea animals and plants in the Pacific Ocean? A．They are large and blind. B．They are mostly dangerous to humans. C．They are only found near the Mariana Trench. D．Many of them cannot be found in other oceans. 17．How does the water change at the bottom of the Angel Falls? A．It freezes quickly. B．It turns into mist. C．It flows into a lake. D．It disappears underground. 18．Which of the following statements is true? A．The Pacific Ocean covers less than 165 million square kilometers. B．Angel Falls is 979 meters high and about 19 times as high as the Mariana Trench. C．The Amazon River runs through nine countries in South America, including Brazil and Peru. D．The Amazon’s basin is the world’s largest temperate rainforest. 19．How does the author show that the Amazon River System carries the most water? A．By making comparisons. B．By giving examples. C．By using personification. D．By telling stories. 20．Which of the following can be put in ________? A．The widest river system B．The largest river system C．The deepest river D．The longest river system B He Jing has become the first Chinese woman to climb all 14 of the world’s mountains over 8,000 metres without supplemental oxygen (辅助氧气). She finished her journey at the 8,027-metre Mount Shishapangma in Xizang on October 9th, 2024. Born in Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, He Jing didn’t see a mountain until she was 18. In 2012, she climbed her first snow mountain, Mount Siguniang in Sichuan Province. From then on, she climbed nearly every snow mountain in China. Her first 8,000-metre summit (登顶) came in 2016 when she climbed Cho Oyu. “After Cho Oyu, I felt strong enough to try without oxygen,” He Jing said. He Jing began her oxygen-free climbing journey in 2017. She reached the summit of Manaslu that year. She followed it with Makalu in 2018, Annapurna in 2019, Dhaulagiri in 2021, Qomolangma, Lhotse, K2, and Broad Peak in 2022, then Kanchenjunga, Nanga Parbat, Gasherbrum II, and Gasherbrum I in 2023. Mount Shishapangma was the final mountain in this amazing challenge. In 2024, He Jing had a dream—to climb Mount Qomolangma from the north side. “Next year marks the 50th anniversary (周年) of the first Chinese woman to summit Mount Qomolangma. In 1975, China’s Pan Duo became the first woman in the world to summit from the north side. I want to do something to honor her,” she said. On May 24, 2025, He Jing achieved her dream. 21．When did He Jing complete her journey to climb all 14 of the world’s mountains over 8,000 metres? A．In 2016. B．In 2017. C．In 2022. D．In 2024. 22．Which mountain was He Jing’s first 8,000-metre summit? A．Mount Siguniang. B．Cho Oyu. C．Manaslu. D．Mount Shishapangma. 23．Why does He Jing want to climb Mount Qomolangma from the north side? A．To challenge this amazing mountain. B．To celebrate a special anniversary. C．To honor a Chinese woman, Pan Duo. D．To begin oxygen-free climbing. 24．What can you mainly learn from the passage? A．Her mountain climbing experiences. B．All the 14 mountains in the world over 8,000 metres. C．How to climb mountains without supplemental oxygen. D．The positions of different mountains in every province. 25．The passage is written in the order of ________. A．opinions B．time C．space D．persons C Nature is all around us. It includes mountains, rivers, forests, and oceans. These natural landscapes are not only beautiful to look at, but also very important for our planet and for us humans. Natural landscapes are home to countless plants and animals. The Amazon Rainforest, called the “lungs of the earth”, produces much of the oxygen we breathe. It has millions of different species, some found nowhere else. The diverse plants also help to keep the soil in place. Moreover, natural landscapes offer a great place for people to relax and get away from the busy city life. When we hike in the mountains, swim in the clear sea, or have a picnic in the forest, we feel a sense of peace. A recent study showed that spending time in nature can reduce stress and make us feel happier. It also helps us focus better when we go back to our work or study. But natural landscapes are in danger. People cut down trees for wood or farms, and factories pour wastewater into rivers, making the water dirty. These actions destroy (破坏) wildlife’s homes. Without taking action, we’ll lose these treasures. Protecting them is everyone’s job. We can start by reducing waste, using less water, and choosing products that are friendly to the environment. By doing these small things, we can help to keep our natural landscapes safe for future generations (一代). Natural landscapes are valuable treasures. They give us clean air and a place to relax, and a home to wildlife. We should do everything we can to protect them. 26．Why is the Amazon Rainforest called the “lungs of the earth”? A．Because it is very large. B．Because it produces much of the oxygen we need. C．Because there are different animals there. D．Because it is home to many plants. 27．What does the underlined word “diverse” in Paragraph 2 mean? A．Different. B．Beautiful. C．Useful. D．Big. 28．According to the passage, what can spending time in nature do for us? A．It can make us feel stressed. B．It can help us make more friends. C．It can reduce stress and make us happier. D．It can help us learn more about plants. 29．What is the main idea of Paragraph 4? A．Natural landscapes are very beautiful. B．People are destroying natural landscapes. C．People should protect natural landscapes. D．We should plant more trees to protect nature. 30．What does the writer want us to do? A．Spend more time in nature. B．Stop cutting down trees. C．Protect natural landscapes. D．Build more nature parks. 第二节 （共 5小题，每小题 2分，满分10分） 请阅读下面短文，根据短文内容，从所给的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，使短文意思通顺。选项中有一项为多余项。 Yandang Mountain is known as the “No.1 Mountain in Southeast China.” 31 It stands about 1,057 metres above sea level. Its name comes from a dried-up lake at the top. The lake is called Yanhu Lake, or Goose Lake. 32 The mountain was not widely known until the Song Dynasty because it was hard to hike across it. The famous Ming Dynasty explorer Xu Xiake once said, “Only the gods can see all the wonders of Yandang Mountain.” Over the past hundreds of years, many temples have been built on the mountain. 33 These works include stone sculptures, calligraphic tablets and paintings on the rocks. 34 One of the most famous is Ling Feng, or Spiritual Peaks. This area has many strange peaks and cliffs. They look different from different sides. Take Hezhang Peak for example. The 270-metre-high peak can look like a pair of hands, a young lady in a qipao or two people in each other’s arms. Another well-known sight is Sanzhepu, or Three-Terraced Falls. 35 They are some of the most special waterfalls on the mountain. A．The temples are in different styles. B．And many famous artists have left works here. C．The mountain is full of interesting natural sights. D．The mountain is located in Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province. E．The falls are divided into three levels by rock cliffs. F．In autumn, wild geese rest in the reeds around the lake. 三、选词填空（共 10小题，每小题 1分，满分 10分） 阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一空，每词限用一次。 risk, explore, usual, degree, research, deep, successful, determined, surface, condition Hi, I’m Lisa. I’m doing some 36 on the North Pole. It is a very 37 place. There is no land, only ice. The 38 of the ice is always changing, sometimes smooth and sometimes rough. In some places, the 39 of the ice is over 3 metres! In winter, the ice becomes even thicker and more difficult to measure. The weather here is also very changeable, which makes research quite challenging. The weather 40 there are extremely hard. Temperatures can be 30 41 below zero, and strong winds make it feel even colder. But some 42 still choose to go there. They are brave and 43 to face the challenges. They 44 their lives to learn more about this special place, bit by bit collecting important data. To survive in such conditions, explorers need to work closely with their teammates and help each other. In 1909, after many failures, Robert Peary and Matthew Henson 45 reached the North Pole. Their story teaches us about curiosity and ambition. Few people can survive in such a cold and dangerous environment for a long time. 四、读写综合（共两节，满分 25分） 第一节 任务型阅读 （共 5小题，每小题 2分，满分 10分） 请阅读下面短文，根据所提供的信息，回答五个问题，要求所写答案语法正确，语义完整且切题。 The famous Changbai Mountains are in Northeast China. The name means “Forever White Mountains”. The mountains got this name because of their beautiful snow-covered peaks. The Changbai Mountains are beautiful all year round. The best time to take a trip there is between June and September. During this time, a large area of forests and colourful flowers cover the mountains. The mountains look very beautiful. And the mountains have cool weather at this time. It’s a great place for visitors to get away from high temperatures. It begins to snow in October. The best time to see snow and ski is from November to March. One of the most famous parts of the mountains is Tianchi. It is the highest crater (火山口) lake in the world. It covers an area of nearly ten square kilometres and is the source (源头) of some great rivers like the Songhua River, Tumen River, and Yalu River. Also, lots of animals live in the area. Chinese mergansers (中华秋沙鸭) are among them. They are as rare (稀有的) as pandas. 46．The Changbai Mountains are . (不超过5词) 47．The weather between June and September in the Changbai Mountains is (仅填1词) 48．When is the best time to see snow in the Changbai Mountains?(不超过5词) 49．What is special about Tianchi?(不超过10词) 50．Would you like to go to the Changbai Mountains? Why or why not?(结合自身实际，不超过20词) 第二节 书面表达 （共1题，满分 15分） 假如你是李华，你的美国笔友Mary听说中国地大物博、山川秀丽、风景迷人，因此暑假要来中国旅游。请你根据她的问题回复邮件。 内容要点: Which places of interest should I visit? How can I get there? 参考词汇: mountain, pay a visit, by plane, enjoy 要求： 1.内容应包含所有提示内容，可适当发挥； 2.语言表达要准确，语句要通顺； 3.80词左右。开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Mary, I’m happy to hear that you are coming to visit China. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I’m sure you will have a good time there. Yours, Li Hua 2 / 10 1 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ ………………○………………外………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… ………………○………………内………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… 此卷只装订不密封 ………………○………………内………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… ………………○………………外………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… … 学校：______________姓名：_____________班级：_______________考号：______________________ 2025-2026学年八年级下册英语单元测试（湖北省卷专用） Unit 4·培优卷 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ （时间：100分钟，满分：90分） 一、完形填空（共 15小题，每小题 1分，满分 15分） 阅读短文，从每小题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Two years ago, on a flight to New Zealand, I watched the film Everest. In the film, a group of travellers get stuck on the mountain in a snowstorm and almost 1 dies. Maybe I just needed more adventures in my life, I thought. So I 2 my resolution to start climbing, which was not the reaction (反应) most people had after watching that film. I decided to climb the highest mountain in every European 3 , about 50 mountains in total. I wanted to see if girls just like me could climb mountains. 4 I was just a normal teenager, I wished to be a role model for girls. There is no standard definition (标准定义) of a mountain. In Holland, the highest mountain is 5 just a small hill. You could even park your car at the top. It sounded a bit like cheating, but I still decided to climb the 6 mountain. Then, I chose to climb Mount Elbrus in Russia, Europe’s highest mountain. It was tiring, but I made it. And I started to make plans for climbing during my 7 to Switzerland, where I planned to climb Dufourspitze, but heavy snow caused the plan to fall through. I realized that I should 8 myself for any change before going up a mountain. Climbing mountains is an experience that is hard to put 9 words. You are in a beautiful environment, and when you 10 the top, you feel extremely happy. But also you have to climb down, which is when most accidents happen — since people are tired and it gets dark, it’s 11 to keep safe. You have to 12 your weak side while climbing. I am afraid of things getting out of control, but I 13 I couldn’t control anything on a mountain. However, I successfully 14 the problem. If you’re 15 on a mountain, quietly with your thoughts for hours, later you will return home with a light heart. 1．A．everybody B．nobody C．somebody D．anybody 2．A．gave up B．wrote down C．lay down D．broke up 3．A．park B．garden C．lake D．country 4．A．As B．Unless C．Although D．If 5．A．recently B．usually C．normally D．actually 6．A．first B．second C．third D．last 7．A．memory B．lesson C．journey D．experience 8．A．dress B．introduce C．invite D．prepare 9．A．over B．off C．into D．with 10．A．clean B．reach C．taste D．hunt 11．A．easier B．harder C．funnier D．slower 12．A．study B．love C．prefer D．accept 13．A．found B．refused C．left D．promised 14．A．solved B．took C．cared D．heard 15．A．singing B．driving C．standing D．sleeping 二、阅读理解（共 20小题，每小题 2分，满分 40分） 第一节 （共 15小题，每小题 2分，满分 30分） 阅读三篇短文，从每小题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出一个与短文内容相符的最佳选项。 A The largest ocean—the Pacific Ocean Where: It stretches from the Arctic Ocean to the Southern Ocean, and from Asia and Australia in the west to the Americas in the east. How large: It covers more than 165 million square kilometers, which is larger than the total land area of the whole world. What it is like: It has the deepest trench on Earth-the Mariana Trench, which is about 11,000 meters deep. It is also home to thousands of kinds of sea animals and plants, many of which cannot be found in other oceans. The highest waterfall—Angel Falls Where: It is in the rainforest of Venezuela, South America. How high: It drops 979 meters from the top to the bottom. It is about 19 times as high as the Niagara Falls. What it is like: The waterfall is hidden in the thick forest. Visitors usually need to take a plane or a boat to get a close look at its beauty. The water at the bottom turns into mist quickly because of the huge falling height. —the Amazon River Where: It runs through South America, passing through nine countries including Brazil and Peru. How long: The main river stretches 6,400 kilometers in length, making it the longest river system that has more than 1,000 tributaries (支流). What it is like: It carries more water than any other river in the world-more than the next seven largest rivers combined. Its basin (流域) is the world’s largest tropical rainforest, which is like “the lungs of the Earth”. 16．What is special about sea animals and plants in the Pacific Ocean? A．They are large and blind. B．They are mostly dangerous to humans. C．They are only found near the Mariana Trench. D．Many of them cannot be found in other oceans. 17．How does the water change at the bottom of the Angel Falls? A．It freezes quickly. B．It turns into mist. C．It flows into a lake. D．It disappears underground. 18．Which of the following statements is true? A．The Pacific Ocean covers less than 165 million square kilometers. B．Angel Falls is 979 meters high and about 19 times as high as the Mariana Trench. C．The Amazon River runs through nine countries in South America, including Brazil and Peru. D．The Amazon’s basin is the world’s largest temperate rainforest. 19．How does the author show that the Amazon River System carries the most water? A．By making comparisons. B．By giving examples. C．By using personification. D．By telling stories. 20．Which of the following can be put in ________? A．The widest river system B．The largest river system C．The deepest river D．The longest river system B He Jing has become the first Chinese woman to climb all 14 of the world’s mountains over 8,000 metres without supplemental oxygen (辅助氧气). She finished her journey at the 8,027-metre Mount Shishapangma in Xizang on October 9th, 2024. Born in Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, He Jing didn’t see a mountain until she was 18. In 2012, she climbed her first snow mountain, Mount Siguniang in Sichuan Province. From then on, she climbed nearly every snow mountain in China. Her first 8,000-metre summit (登顶) came in 2016 when she climbed Cho Oyu. “After Cho Oyu, I felt strong enough to try without oxygen,” He Jing said. He Jing began her oxygen-free climbing journey in 2017. She reached the summit of Manaslu that year. She followed it with Makalu in 2018, Annapurna in 2019, Dhaulagiri in 2021, Qomolangma, Lhotse, K2, and Broad Peak in 2022, then Kanchenjunga, Nanga Parbat, Gasherbrum II, and Gasherbrum I in 2023. Mount Shishapangma was the final mountain in this amazing challenge. In 2024, He Jing had a dream—to climb Mount Qomolangma from the north side. “Next year marks the 50th anniversary (周年) of the first Chinese woman to summit Mount Qomolangma. In 1975, China’s Pan Duo became the first woman in the world to summit from the north side. I want to do something to honor her,” she said. On May 24, 2025, He Jing achieved her dream. 21．When did He Jing complete her journey to climb all 14 of the world’s mountains over 8,000 metres? A．In 2016. B．In 2017. C．In 2022. D．In 2024. 22．Which mountain was He Jing’s first 8,000-metre summit? A．Mount Siguniang. B．Cho Oyu. C．Manaslu. D．Mount Shishapangma. 23．Why does He Jing want to climb Mount Qomolangma from the north side? A．To challenge this amazing mountain. B．To celebrate a special anniversary. C．To honor a Chinese woman, Pan Duo. D．To begin oxygen-free climbing. 24．What can you mainly learn from the passage? A．Her mountain climbing experiences. B．All the 14 mountains in the world over 8,000 metres. C．How to climb mountains without supplemental oxygen. D．The positions of different mountains in every province. 25．The passage is written in the order of ________. A．opinions B．time C．space D．persons C Nature is all around us. It includes mountains, rivers, forests, and oceans. These natural landscapes are not only beautiful to look at, but also very important for our planet and for us humans. Natural landscapes are home to countless plants and animals. The Amazon Rainforest, called the “lungs of the earth”, produces much of the oxygen we breathe. It has millions of different species, some found nowhere else. The diverse plants also help to keep the soil in place. Moreover, natural landscapes offer a great place for people to relax and get away from the busy city life. When we hike in the mountains, swim in the clear sea, or have a picnic in the forest, we feel a sense of peace. A recent study showed that spending time in nature can reduce stress and make us feel happier. It also helps us focus better when we go back to our work or study. But natural landscapes are in danger. People cut down trees for wood or farms, and factories pour wastewater into rivers, making the water dirty. These actions destroy (破坏) wildlife’s homes. Without taking action, we’ll lose these treasures. Protecting them is everyone’s job. We can start by reducing waste, using less water, and choosing products that are friendly to the environment. By doing these small things, we can help to keep our natural landscapes safe for future generations (一代). Natural landscapes are valuable treasures. They give us clean air and a place to relax, and a home to wildlife. We should do everything we can to protect them. 26．Why is the Amazon Rainforest called the “lungs of the earth”? A．Because it is very large. B．Because it produces much of the oxygen we need. C．Because there are different animals there. D．Because it is home to many plants. 27．What does the underlined word “diverse” in Paragraph 2 mean? A．Different. B．Beautiful. C．Useful. D．Big. 28．According to the passage, what can spending time in nature do for us? A．It can make us feel stressed. B．It can help us make more friends. C．It can reduce stress and make us happier. D．It can help us learn more about plants. 29．What is the main idea of Paragraph 4? A．Natural landscapes are very beautiful. B．People are destroying natural landscapes. C．People should protect natural landscapes. D．We should plant more trees to protect nature. 30．What does the writer want us to do? A．Spend more time in nature. B．Stop cutting down trees. C．Protect natural landscapes. D．Build more nature parks. 第二节 （共 5小题，每小题 2分，满分10分） 请阅读下面短文，根据短文内容，从所给的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，使短文意思通顺。选项中有一项为多余项。 Yandang Mountain is known as the “No.1 Mountain in Southeast China.” 31 It stands about 1,057 metres above sea level. Its name comes from a dried-up lake at the top. The lake is called Yanhu Lake, or Goose Lake. 32 The mountain was not widely known until the Song Dynasty because it was hard to hike across it. The famous Ming Dynasty explorer Xu Xiake once said, “Only the gods can see all the wonders of Yandang Mountain.” Over the past hundreds of years, many temples have been built on the mountain. 33 These works include stone sculptures, calligraphic tablets and paintings on the rocks. 34 One of the most famous is Ling Feng, or Spiritual Peaks. This area has many strange peaks and cliffs. They look different from different sides. Take Hezhang Peak for example. The 270-metre-high peak can look like a pair of hands, a young lady in a qipao or two people in each other’s arms. Another well-known sight is Sanzhepu, or Three-Terraced Falls. 35 They are some of the most special waterfalls on the mountain. A．The temples are in different styles. B．And many famous artists have left works here. C．The mountain is full of interesting natural sights. D．The mountain is located in Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province. E．The falls are divided into three levels by rock cliffs. F．In autumn, wild geese rest in the reeds around the lake. 三、选词填空（共 10小题，每小题 1分，满分 10分） 阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一空，每词限用一次。 risk, explore, usual, degree, research, deep, successful, determined, surface, condition Hi, I’m Lisa. I’m doing some 36 on the North Pole. It is a very 37 place. There is no land, only ice. The 38 of the ice is always changing, sometimes smooth and sometimes rough. In some places, the 39 of the ice is over 3 metres! In winter, the ice becomes even thicker and more difficult to measure. The weather here is also very changeable, which makes research quite challenging. The weather 40 there are extremely hard. Temperatures can be 30 41 below zero, and strong winds make it feel even colder. But some 42 still choose to go there. They are brave and 43 to face the challenges. They 44 their lives to learn more about this special place, bit by bit collecting important data. To survive in such conditions, explorers need to work closely with their teammates and help each other. In 1909, after many failures, Robert Peary and Matthew Henson 45 reached the North Pole. Their story teaches us about curiosity and ambition. Few people can survive in such a cold and dangerous environment for a long time. 四、读写综合（共两节，满分 25分） 第一节 任务型阅读 （共 5小题，每小题 2分，满分 10分） 请阅读下面短文，根据所提供的信息，回答五个问题，要求所写答案语法正确，语义完整且切题。 The famous Changbai Mountains are in Northeast China. The name means “Forever White Mountains”. The mountains got this name because of their beautiful snow-covered peaks. The Changbai Mountains are beautiful all year round. The best time to take a trip there is between June and September. During this time, a large area of forests and colourful flowers cover the mountains. The mountains look very beautiful. And the mountains have cool weather at this time. It’s a great place for visitors to get away from high temperatures. It begins to snow in October. The best time to see snow and ski is from November to March. One of the most famous parts of the mountains is Tianchi. It is the highest crater (火山口) lake in the world. It covers an area of nearly ten square kilometres and is the source (源头) of some great rivers like the Songhua River, Tumen River, and Yalu River. Also, lots of animals live in the area. Chinese mergansers (中华秋沙鸭) are among them. They are as rare (稀有的) as pandas. 46．The Changbai Mountains are . (不超过5词) 47．The weather between June and September in the Changbai Mountains is (仅填1词) 48．When is the best time to see snow in the Changbai Mountains?(不超过5词) 49．What is special about Tianchi?(不超过10词) 50．Would you like to go to the Changbai Mountains? Why or why not?(结合自身实际，不超过20词) 第二节 书面表达 （共1题，满分 15分） 假如你是李华，你的美国笔友Mary听说中国地大物博、山川秀丽、风景迷人，因此暑假要来中国旅游。请你根据她的问题回复邮件。 内容要点: Which places of interest should I visit? How can I get there? 参考词汇: mountain, pay a visit, by plane, enjoy 要求： 1.内容应包含所有提示内容，可适当发挥； 2.语言表达要准确，语句要通顺； 3.80词左右。开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Mary, I’m happy to hear that you are coming to visit China. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I’m sure you will have a good time there. Yours, Li Hua 试题 第3页（共8页） 试题 第4页（共8页） 试题 第1页（共8页） 试题 第2页（共8页） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025-2026学年八年级下册英语单元测试（湖北省卷专用） Unit 4·培优卷 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ （时间：100分钟，满分：90分） 一、完形填空（共 15小题，每小题 1分，满分 15分） 阅读短文，从每小题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Two years ago, on a flight to New Zealand, I watched the film Everest. In the film, a group of travellers get stuck on the mountain in a snowstorm and almost 1 dies. Maybe I just needed more adventures in my life, I thought. So I 2 my resolution to start climbing, which was not the reaction (反应) most people had after watching that film. I decided to climb the highest mountain in every European 3 , about 50 mountains in total. I wanted to see if girls just like me could climb mountains. 4 I was just a normal teenager, I wished to be a role model for girls. There is no standard definition (标准定义) of a mountain. In Holland, the highest mountain is 5 just a small hill. You could even park your car at the top. It sounded a bit like cheating, but I still decided to climb the 6 mountain. Then, I chose to climb Mount Elbrus in Russia, Europe’s highest mountain. It was tiring, but I made it. And I started to make plans for climbing during my 7 to Switzerland, where I planned to climb Dufourspitze, but heavy snow caused the plan to fall through. I realized that I should 8 myself for any change before going up a mountain. Climbing mountains is an experience that is hard to put 9 words. You are in a beautiful environment, and when you 10 the top, you feel extremely happy. But also you have to climb down, which is when most accidents happen — since people are tired and it gets dark, it’s 11 to keep safe. You have to 12 your weak side while climbing. I am afraid of things getting out of control, but I 13 I couldn’t control anything on a mountain. However, I successfully 14 the problem. If you’re 15 on a mountain, quietly with your thoughts for hours, later you will return home with a light heart. 1．A．everybody B．nobody C．somebody D．anybody 2．A．gave up B．wrote down C．lay down D．broke up 3．A．park B．garden C．lake D．country 4．A．As B．Unless C．Although D．If 5．A．recently B．usually C．normally D．actually 6．A．first B．second C．third D．last 7．A．memory B．lesson C．journey D．experience 8．A．dress B．introduce C．invite D．prepare 9．A．over B．off C．into D．with 10．A．clean B．reach C．taste D．hunt 11．A．easier B．harder C．funnier D．slower 12．A．study B．love C．prefer D．accept 13．A．found B．refused C．left D．promised 14．A．solved B．took C．cared D．heard 15．A．singing B．driving C．standing D．sleeping 【答案】 1．A 2．B 3．D 4．C 5．D 6．A 7．C 8．D 9．C 10．B 11．B 12．D 13．A 14．A 15．C 【导语】本文讲述作者两年前观看电影《绝命海拔》后决心开始登山，计划攀登欧洲各国最高峰，在登山过程中学会接受变化、面对恐惧，并最终获得成长的故事。 1．句意：影片中，一群旅行者在暴风雪中困在山上，几乎所有人都死了。 根据“a group of travellers get stuck...almost______dies”可知，几乎所有人都遇难。everybody（每个人）符合语境；nobody（没有人）与almost矛盾；somebody（某人）和anybody（任何人）均不表示“所有人”。 2．句意：于是我写下了开始登山的决心，这和大多数人看完那部电影后的反应不同。 write down one’s resolution意为“写下某人的决心”。wrote down（写下）符合；gave up（放弃）、lay down（躺下）、broke up（分手/破裂）均不符合“记录决心”的语义。 3．句意：我决定攀登欧洲每个国家的最高峰，总共约50座山。 根据“about 50 mountains in total”及欧洲共有约50个国家可知，指每个“国家”。country（国家）符合；park（公园）、garden（花园）、lake（湖）与“50座山”的计数单位不匹配。 4．句意：虽然我只是一个普通青少年，但我希望成为女孩们的榜样。 前后为让步关系，应用Although引导让步状语从句。Although（虽然）正确；As（因为/当……时）表因果或时间，Unless（除非）表条件，If（如果）表假设，均不符合让步逻辑。 5．句意：在荷兰，最高的山实际上只是一个小山丘。 指出令人意外的事实，应用actually（实际上）。recently（最近）、usually（通常）、normally（正常地）均不能表达“与表面认知相反”的转折意味。 6．句意：这听起来有点像作弊，但我仍然决定攀登第一座山。 根据上文“the highest mountain is just a small hill”及下文“then I chose to climb Mount Elbrus”可知，先从荷兰这座“第一座”山开始。first（第一）符合；second（第二）、third（第三）、last（最后）与“开始”的语义顺序不符。 7．句意：我从去瑞士的旅程开始制定攀登计划，原计划攀登杜富尔峰，但大雪使计划落空。 根据“to Switzerland”及上下文，指去瑞士的“旅程”。journey（旅程）正确；memory（记忆）、lesson（教训）、experience（经验）均不表示具体的“出行行为”。 8．句意：我意识到在上山之前应该为任何变化做好准备。 prepare oneself for sth.意为“使自己为某事做好准备”。prepare（准备）正确；dress（穿衣）、introduce（介绍）、invite（邀请）均不与oneself for构成此义搭配。 9．句意：登山是一种难以用语言表达的体验。 put into words为固定搭配，意为“用语言表达”。into（进入）正确；over（在……上方）、off（离开）、with（和）均不能与put和words构成此固定搭配。 10．句意：当你到达山顶时，你会感到非常快乐。 reach the top意为“到达山顶”。reach（到达）正确；clean（清洁）、taste（品尝）、hunt（打猎）均不能与the top构成“登顶”语义。 11．句意：但你还必须下山，而大多数事故都发生在这个时候——因为人们疲惫了，天也黑了，保持安全就更难了。 根据“most accidents happen”可知，保持安全更难。harder（更难）符合逻辑；easier（更容易）与事故多发矛盾；funnier（更有趣）、slower（更慢）与安全难度无关。 12．句意：在登山过程中你必须接受自己软弱的一面。 根据上下文，作者学会面对恐惧，应“接受”弱点。accept（接受）正确；study（学习）、love（爱）、prefer（更喜欢）均不能体现“正视并接纳自身不足”的语义。 13．句意：我害怕事情失控，但我发现在山上我无法控制任何事。 根据句意，作者意识到一个事实，应用found（发现）。refused（拒绝）、left（离开）、promised（承诺）均不符合“认识到某一客观情况”的语境。 14．句意：然而，我成功解决了这个问题。 solve the problem意为“解决问题”。solved（解决）正确；took（拿）、cared（关心）、heard（听见）均不能与problem构成“解决”搭配。 15．句意：如果你站在山上，安静地与自己的思绪相伴几个小时，之后你会带着轻松的心情回家。 根据登山语境及“quietly with your thoughts”可知，指“站在”山上。standing（站立）正确；singing（唱歌）、driving（开车）、sleeping（睡觉）与“安静地与自己思绪相伴”的场景不符。 二、阅读理解（共 20小题，每小题 2分，满分 40分） 第一节 （共 15小题，每小题 2分，满分 30分） 阅读三篇短文，从每小题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出一个与短文内容相符的最佳选项。 A The largest ocean—the Pacific Ocean Where: It stretches from the Arctic Ocean to the Southern Ocean, and from Asia and Australia in the west to the Americas in the east. How large: It covers more than 165 million square kilometers, which is larger than the total land area of the whole world. What it is like: It has the deepest trench on Earth-the Mariana Trench, which is about 11,000 meters deep. It is also home to thousands of kinds of sea animals and plants, many of which cannot be found in other oceans. The highest waterfall—Angel Falls Where: It is in the rainforest of Venezuela, South America. How high: It drops 979 meters from the top to the bottom. It is about 19 times as high as the Niagara Falls. What it is like: The waterfall is hidden in the thick forest. Visitors usually need to take a plane or a boat to get a close look at its beauty. The water at the bottom turns into mist quickly because of the huge falling height. —the Amazon River Where: It runs through South America, passing through nine countries including Brazil and Peru. How long: The main river stretches 6,400 kilometers in length, making it the longest river system that has more than 1,000 tributaries (支流). What it is like: It carries more water than any other river in the world-more than the next seven largest rivers combined. Its basin (流域) is the world’s largest tropical rainforest, which is like “the lungs of the Earth”. 16．What is special about sea animals and plants in the Pacific Ocean? A．They are large and blind. B．They are mostly dangerous to humans. C．They are only found near the Mariana Trench. D．Many of them cannot be found in other oceans. 17．How does the water change at the bottom of the Angel Falls? A．It freezes quickly. B．It turns into mist. C．It flows into a lake. D．It disappears underground. 18．Which of the following statements is true? A．The Pacific Ocean covers less than 165 million square kilometers. B．Angel Falls is 979 meters high and about 19 times as high as the Mariana Trench. C．The Amazon River runs through nine countries in South America, including Brazil and Peru. D．The Amazon’s basin is the world’s largest temperate rainforest. 19．How does the author show that the Amazon River System carries the most water? A．By making comparisons. B．By giving examples. C．By using personification. D．By telling stories. 20．Which of the following can be put in ________? A．The widest river system B．The largest river system C．The deepest river D．The longest river system 【答案】16．D 17．B 18．C 19．A 20．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了世界上最大的海洋——太平洋、最高的瀑布——安赫尔瀑布，以及最长的河系——亚马逊河的地理位置、规模和特点。 16．文章第1段（太平洋部分）“It is also home to thousands of kinds of sea animals and plants, many of which cannot be found in other oceans.”，表明太平洋里的许多海洋动植物是其他海洋没有的。 17．文章第2段（安赫尔瀑布部分）“The water at the bottom turns into mist quickly because of the huge falling height.”，表明安赫尔瀑布底部的水会变成雾。 18．文章第3段（亚马逊河部分）“It runs through South America, passing through nine countries including Brazil and Peru.”，表明亚马逊河流经南美洲，经过包括巴西和秘鲁在内的九个国家。 19．文章第3段（亚马逊河部分）“It carries more water than any other river in the world-more than the next seven largest rivers combined.”，可推断作者通过将亚马逊河与其他河流的水量作比较，说明其水量最大。 20．文章第3段（亚马逊河部分）“The main river stretches 6,400 kilometers in length, making it the longest river system that has more than 1,000 tributaries (支流).”，表明亚马逊河的核心特点是“最长河流系统”。与前文“最大的海洋”以及“最高的瀑布”的标题结构对应。 B He Jing has become the first Chinese woman to climb all 14 of the world’s mountains over 8,000 metres without supplemental oxygen (辅助氧气). She finished her journey at the 8,027-metre Mount Shishapangma in Xizang on October 9th, 2024. Born in Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, He Jing didn’t see a mountain until she was 18. In 2012, she climbed her first snow mountain, Mount Siguniang in Sichuan Province. From then on, she climbed nearly every snow mountain in China. Her first 8,000-metre summit (登顶) came in 2016 when she climbed Cho Oyu. “After Cho Oyu, I felt strong enough to try without oxygen,” He Jing said. He Jing began her oxygen-free climbing journey in 2017. She reached the summit of Manaslu that year. She followed it with Makalu in 2018, Annapurna in 2019, Dhaulagiri in 2021, Qomolangma, Lhotse, K2, and Broad Peak in 2022, then Kanchenjunga, Nanga Parbat, Gasherbrum II, and Gasherbrum I in 2023. Mount Shishapangma was the final mountain in this amazing challenge. In 2024, He Jing had a dream—to climb Mount Qomolangma from the north side. “Next year marks the 50th anniversary (周年) of the first Chinese woman to summit Mount Qomolangma. In 1975, China’s Pan Duo became the first woman in the world to summit from the north side. I want to do something to honor her,” she said. On May 24, 2025, He Jing achieved her dream. 21．When did He Jing complete her journey to climb all 14 of the world’s mountains over 8,000 metres? A．In 2016. B．In 2017. C．In 2022. D．In 2024. 22．Which mountain was He Jing’s first 8,000-metre summit? A．Mount Siguniang. B．Cho Oyu. C．Manaslu. D．Mount Shishapangma. 23．Why does He Jing want to climb Mount Qomolangma from the north side? A．To challenge this amazing mountain. B．To celebrate a special anniversary. C．To honor a Chinese woman, Pan Duo. D．To begin oxygen-free climbing. 24．What can you mainly learn from the passage? A．Her mountain climbing experiences. B．All the 14 mountains in the world over 8,000 metres. C．How to climb mountains without supplemental oxygen. D．The positions of different mountains in every province. 25．The passage is written in the order of ________. A．opinions B．time C．space D．persons 【答案】21．D 22．B 23．C 24．A 25．B 【导语】本文介绍了中国女性何静成为首位不使用辅助氧气登顶全球14座8000米以上高峰的人，并讲述了她的登山经历和梦想。 21．第一段指出何静完成挑战的时间：“She finished her journey...on October 9th, 2024.”，说明她于2024年完成全部14座山峰的登顶。 22．第二段指出何静第一次登顶8000米高峰：“Her first 8,000-metre summit came in 2016 when she climbed Cho Oyu.”，说明卓奥友峰是她登顶的第一座8000米以上山峰。 23．第四段指出何静想从北坡登顶珠峰的原因：“Next year marks the 50th anniversary of the first Chinese woman to summit Mount Qomolangma...I want to do something to honor her,”，说明她想纪念1975年从北坡登顶珠峰的中国女性潘多。 24．全文按时间顺序介绍了何静的登山经历：2012年第一次登雪山，2016年第一次登顶8000米高峰，2017年开始无氧攀登，2024年完成全部14座山峰，2025年实现从北坡登顶珠峰的梦想。因此主要讲“她的登山经历”。 25．文章按照时间顺序（time order）展开，从何静18岁第一次见到山，到2012年第一次登雪山，再到2016年、2017年、2022年、2023年、2024年、2025年，依次叙述了她的登山历程。 C Nature is all around us. It includes mountains, rivers, forests, and oceans. These natural landscapes are not only beautiful to look at, but also very important for our planet and for us humans. Natural landscapes are home to countless plants and animals. The Amazon Rainforest, called the “lungs of the earth”, produces much of the oxygen we breathe. It has millions of different species, some found nowhere else. The diverse plants also help to keep the soil in place. Moreover, natural landscapes offer a great place for people to relax and get away from the busy city life. When we hike in the mountains, swim in the clear sea, or have a picnic in the forest, we feel a sense of peace. A recent study showed that spending time in nature can reduce stress and make us feel happier. It also helps us focus better when we go back to our work or study. But natural landscapes are in danger. People cut down trees for wood or farms, and factories pour wastewater into rivers, making the water dirty. These actions destroy (破坏) wildlife’s homes. Without taking action, we’ll lose these treasures. Protecting them is everyone’s job. We can start by reducing waste, using less water, and choosing products that are friendly to the environment. By doing these small things, we can help to keep our natural landscapes safe for future generations (一代). Natural landscapes are valuable treasures. They give us clean air and a place to relax, and a home to wildlife. We should do everything we can to protect them. 26．Why is the Amazon Rainforest called the “lungs of the earth”? A．Because it is very large. B．Because it produces much of the oxygen we need. C．Because there are different animals there. D．Because it is home to many plants. 27．What does the underlined word “diverse” in Paragraph 2 mean? A．Different. B．Beautiful. C．Useful. D．Big. 28．According to the passage, what can spending time in nature do for us? A．It can make us feel stressed. B．It can help us make more friends. C．It can reduce stress and make us happier. D．It can help us learn more about plants. 29．What is the main idea of Paragraph 4? A．Natural landscapes are very beautiful. B．People are destroying natural landscapes. C．People should protect natural landscapes. D．We should plant more trees to protect nature. 30．What does the writer want us to do? A．Spend more time in nature. B．Stop cutting down trees. C．Protect natural landscapes. D．Build more nature parks. 【答案】26．B 27．A 28．C 29．B 30．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了自然景观对于地球、动植物以及人类的重要价值，点明当下自然景观正遭受人为破坏的危机，呼吁每个人行动起来守护自然景观。 26．第二段提到：“The Amazon Rainforest, called the ‘lungs of the earth’, produces much of the oxygen we breathe.”。文中明确说明亚马逊雨林被称作“地球之肺”，是因为它能产生我们呼吸所需的大量氧气。 27．第二段提到：“It has millions of different species, some found nowhere else. The diverse plants also help to keep the soil in place.”。前文出现“different species（不同的物种）”，通过上下文同义线索可推断，diverse的含义为“不同的、多种多样的”。 28．第三段提到：“A recent study showed that spending time in nature can reduce stress and make us feel happier.”。文中直接点明身处自然之中可以帮助我们缓解压力、收获愉悦的心情。 29．第四段指出：“But natural landscapes are in danger. People cut down trees...factories pour wastewater into rivers...These actions destroy wildlife’s homes.”。本段核心讲述了人类的各类行为正在破坏自然景观、摧毁野生动物的家园。 30．文章尾段指出：“Natural landscapes are valuable treasures...We should do everything we can to protect them.”，结合全文内容可知，作者写作目的是呼吁大家尽己所能去保护自然景观。 第二节 （共 5小题，每小题 2分，满分10分） 请阅读下面短文，根据短文内容，从所给的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，使短文意思通顺。选项中有一项为多余项。 Yandang Mountain is known as the “No.1 Mountain in Southeast China.” 31 It stands about 1,057 metres above sea level. Its name comes from a dried-up lake at the top. The lake is called Yanhu Lake, or Goose Lake. 32 The mountain was not widely known until the Song Dynasty because it was hard to hike across it. The famous Ming Dynasty explorer Xu Xiake once said, “Only the gods can see all the wonders of Yandang Mountain.” Over the past hundreds of years, many temples have been built on the mountain. 33 These works include stone sculptures, calligraphic tablets and paintings on the rocks. 34 One of the most famous is Ling Feng, or Spiritual Peaks. This area has many strange peaks and cliffs. They look different from different sides. Take Hezhang Peak for example. The 270-metre-high peak can look like a pair of hands, a young lady in a qipao or two people in each other’s arms. Another well-known sight is Sanzhepu, or Three-Terraced Falls. 35 They are some of the most special waterfalls on the mountain. A．The temples are in different styles. B．And many famous artists have left works here. C．The mountain is full of interesting natural sights. D．The mountain is located in Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province. E．The falls are divided into three levels by rock cliffs. F．In autumn, wild geese rest in the reeds around the lake. 【答案】31．D 32．F 33．B 34．C 35．E 【导语】本文介绍了有“中国东南第一山”之称的雁荡山，包括它的海拔、名称由来、历史知名度、山上的寺庙、著名景点等相关内容。 31．前文提到雁荡山被誉为“中国东南第一山”，后文介绍它的海拔高度，D选项“The mountain is located in Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province.”表示这座山位于浙江省温州市，承接上文对雁荡山的总体介绍，引出下文对其海拔的说明。 32．前文提到雁荡山的名字来源于山顶一个干涸的湖，这个湖叫雁湖，F选项“In autumn, wild geese rest in the reeds around the lake.”表示秋天，大雁会在湖边的芦苇丛中栖息，进一步说明雁湖与“雁荡山”名字相关的特点，呼应上文的名称由来。 33．前文说过去几百年来，山上建了许多寺庙，后文提到这些作品包括石雕、碑刻和岩石上的绘画，B选项“And many famous artists have left works here.”表示许多著名艺术家在这里留下了作品，承接上文的寺庙，引出下文对艺术家作品的介绍。 34．后文提到最著名的景点之一是灵峰，该区域有许多奇特的山峰和悬崖，C选项“The mountain is full of interesting natural sights.”表示这座山充满了有趣的自然景观，引出下文对雁荡山具体自然景点的介绍。 35．前文提到另一个著名景点是三折瀑，后文说它们是山上最特别的瀑布之一，E选项“The falls are divided into three levels by rock cliffs.”表示这些瀑布被岩石悬崖分成了三个层次，进一步说明三折瀑的特点，呼应其名称及下文的描述。 三、选词填空（共 10小题，每小题 1分，满分 10分） 阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一空，每词限用一次。 risk, explore, usual, degree, research, deep, successful, determined, surface, condition Hi, I’m Lisa. I’m doing some 36 on the North Pole. It is a very 37 place. There is no land, only ice. The 38 of the ice is always changing, sometimes smooth and sometimes rough. In some places, the 39 of the ice is over 3 metres! In winter, the ice becomes even thicker and more difficult to measure. The weather here is also very changeable, which makes research quite challenging. The weather 40 there are extremely hard. Temperatures can be 30 41 below zero, and strong winds make it feel even colder. But some 42 still choose to go there. They are brave and 43 to face the challenges. They 44 their lives to learn more about this special place, bit by bit collecting important data. To survive in such conditions, explorers need to work closely with their teammates and help each other. In 1909, after many failures, Robert Peary and Matthew Henson 45 reached the North Pole. Their story teaches us about curiosity and ambition. Few people can survive in such a cold and dangerous environment for a long time. 【答案】 36．research 37．unusual 38．surface 39．depth 40．conditions 41．degrees 42．explorers 43．determined 44．risk 45．successfully 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，先客观地介绍了北极的地理、冰层与极端恶劣的天气环境，再讲述北极探险者们不畏艰难、坚定探索的经历，最后点明探险精神带给我们的启示。 36．句意：我正在做一些关于北极的研究。根据“doing some … on the North Pole”可知，此处是指在做一些关于北极的研究，不可数名词research“研究”符合语境，do some research“做研究”，固定搭配。 37．句意：这是一个非常特别的地方。根据后文“There is no land, only ice.”可知，北极环境特殊，此处需要形容词修饰名词“place”，备选词usual的反义词unusual“不寻常的、与众不同的”符合语境。 38．句意：冰的表面总是在变化，时而光滑，时而粗糙。根据后文“sometimes smooth and sometimes rough”可知，光滑和粗糙是形容物体表层的状态，名词surface“表面”符合语境，the surface of the ice“冰的表面”，固定搭配。 39．句意：在一些地方，冰的深度超过3米！根据后文“become even thicker and more difficult to measure”可知，此处是描述冰层的深浅，需要名词表达深度含义，形容词deep对应的名词depth“深度”符合语境，the depth of...“……的深度”，固定搭配。 40．句意：那里的天气状况极其恶劣。根据“The weather … there are extremely hard.”可知，此处指北极的天气条件，名词condition“状况、条件”符合语境，句中be动词为“are”，应使用复数形式conditions，weather conditions“天气状况”，名词短语。 41．句意：气温可以达到零下30度，强风会让人感觉更冷。根据 “Temperatures can be 30 … below zero”可知，此处描述温度的度数，名词degree“度数”符合语境，前面数词“30”大于1，因此使用复数形式degrees。 42．句意：但仍有一些探险者选择前往那里。根据后文“explorers need to work closely with their teammates”可知，此处指代前往北极探索的人，动词explore的名词形式explorer“探险者”符合语境，“some”后接可数名词复数形式explorers。 43．句意：他们很勇敢，并且坚定地去面对挑战。根据“They are brave and … to face the challenges”可知，此处和“brave”并列作表语，固定搭配be determined to do sth.“下定决心做某事”，形容词determined“坚定的、有决心的”符合语境。 44．句意：他们冒着生命危险去更多地了解这个特别的地方，一点点收集重要数据。根据“… their lives to learn more about this special place”可知，此处表达冒着生命危险的含义，动词risk“冒着……的风险”符合语境，risk one’s life“冒着生命危险”，主语为“they”，时态为一般现在时，用动词原形risk。 45．句意：1909年，历经多次失败后，Robert Peary和Matthew Henson成功抵达北极。根据“… reached the North Pole”可知，此处需要副词修饰动词“reached”，形容词successful对应的副词successfully“成功地”符合语境。 四、读写综合（共两节，满分 25分） 第一节 任务型阅读 （共 5小题，每小题 2分，满分 10分） 请阅读下面短文，根据所提供的信息，回答五个问题，要求所写答案语法正确，语义完整且切题。 The famous Changbai Mountains are in Northeast China. The name means “Forever White Mountains”. The mountains got this name because of their beautiful snow-covered peaks. The Changbai Mountains are beautiful all year round. The best time to take a trip there is between June and September. During this time, a large area of forests and colourful flowers cover the mountains. The mountains look very beautiful. And the mountains have cool weather at this time. It’s a great place for visitors to get away from high temperatures. It begins to snow in October. The best time to see snow and ski is from November to March. One of the most famous parts of the mountains is Tianchi. It is the highest crater (火山口) lake in the world. It covers an area of nearly ten square kilometres and is the source (源头) of some great rivers like the Songhua River, Tumen River, and Yalu River. Also, lots of animals live in the area. Chinese mergansers (中华秋沙鸭) are among them. They are as rare (稀有的) as pandas. 46．The Changbai Mountains are . (不超过5词) 47．The weather between June and September in the Changbai Mountains is (仅填1词) 48．When is the best time to see snow in the Changbai Mountains?(不超过5词) 49．What is special about Tianchi?(不超过10词) 50．Would you like to go to the Changbai Mountains? Why or why not?(结合自身实际，不超过20词) 【答案】46．in Northeast China. 47．cool. 48．From November to March. 49．It is the highest crater lake in the world. 50．Yes. Because it’s very beautiful. / No. Because I don’t like cold weather and it’s too far from my home. 【导语】本文主要介绍了长白山的地理位置、名称由来、最佳旅游季节、天池的特点以及当地的珍稀动物。 46．由第一段“The famous Changbai Mountains are in Northeast China”可知，长白山位于中国东北。 47．由第一段“the mountains have cool weather at this time”可知，六月到九月长白山天气凉爽。 48．由第一段“The best time to see snow and ski is from November to March”可知，十一月到三月是看雪的最佳时间。 49．由第二段“It is the highest crater lake in the world”可知，天池的特别之处在于它是世界上最高的火山口湖。 50．本题是开放性试题，答案不唯一。可结合文中信息（如景色优美、天气凉爽、可看雪滑雪等）或个人喜好作答，言之成理即可。 第二节 书面表达 （共1题，满分 15分） 假如你是李华，你的美国笔友Mary听说中国地大物博、山川秀丽、风景迷人，因此暑假要来中国旅游。请你根据她的问题回复邮件。 内容要点: Which places of interest should I visit? How can I get there? 参考词汇: mountain, pay a visit, by plane, enjoy 要求： 1.内容应包含所有提示内容，可适当发挥； 2.语言表达要准确，语句要通顺； 3.80词左右。开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Mary, I’m happy to hear that you are coming to visit China. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I’m sure you will have a good time there. Yours, Li Hua 【答案】范文 Dear Mary, I’m happy to hear that you are coming to visit China. The Yellow Mountain is one of the most famous mountains in China. It lies in the south of Anhui. Every year, thousands of Chinese and foreigners pay a visit there. It is convenient to get there. You can go there by train or by plane. While climbing the mountain, you can enjoy the sea of clouds, beautiful pines and unique rocks around you. What’s more, in the early morning, when the sun rises, the sky looks beautiful. You will never forget the breathtaking scenery and fresh mountain air. I’m sure you will have a good time there. Yours, Li Hua 【详解】写作步骤 [第一步：审题立意] 确定文体：这是一封回复邮件，用一般现在时为主 明确要点：需要介绍至少一个名胜古迹（如黄山），说明其地理位置、特色以及如何到达 确定人称：第一人称（I/my）和第二人称（you）结合使用，因为是在给Mary提供建议 注意事项：词数约80词，开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数 [第二步：构思布局] 三段式结构： 开头段：表达高兴听到Mary要来中国旅游的消息 主体段：引出要介绍的名胜古迹，详细介绍名胜古迹（如黄山）的地理位置、特色以及如何到达 结尾段：表达相信Mary会在那里玩得开心，并结束邮件 [第三步：要点展开] 要点一：引出主题 表达高兴：happy to hear/coming to visit/feel excited等 引出名胜古迹：The Yellow Mountain/most famous mountains/等 要点二：详细介绍名胜古迹 地理位置：lies in the south of /be in等 游客众多：Every year/thousands of/pay a visit there/go for a visit等 交通便利：convenient to get there/go there by train or by plane/take a plane等 自然风光：enjoy the sea of clouds/beautiful pines/unique rocks/beautiful muntains等 日出美景：in the early morning/the sun rises/the sky looks beautiful/clear sky等 感受表达：will never forget/breathtaking scenery/fresh mountain air等 2 / 15 1 / 15 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025-2026学年八年级下册英语单元测试（湖北省卷专用） Unit 4·培优卷（参考答案） 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ （时间：100分钟，满分：90分） 一、完形填空（共 15小题，每小题 1分，满分 15分） 1．A 2．B 3．D 4．C 5．D 6．A 7．C 8．D 9．C 10．B 11．B 12．D 13．A 14．A 15．C 二、阅读理解（共 20小题，每小题 2分，满分 40分） 16．D 17．B 18．C 19．A 20．D 21．D 22．B 23．C 24．A 25．B 26．B 27．A 28．C 29．B 30．C 31．D 32．F 33．B 34．C 35．E 三、选词填空（共 10小题，每小题 1分，满分 10分） 36．research 37．unusual 38．surface 39．depth 40．conditions 41．degrees 42．explorers 43．determined 44．risk 45．successfully 四、读写综合（共两节，满分 25分） 第一节 任务型阅读 （共 5小题，每小题 2分，满分 10分） 46．in Northeast China. 47．cool. 48．From November to March. 49．It is the highest crater lake in the world. 50．Yes. Because it’s very beautiful. / No. Because I don’t like cold weather and it’s too far from my home. 第二节 书面表达 （共1题，满分 15分） 【参考范文】 Dear Mary, I’m happy to hear that you are coming to visit China. The Yellow Mountain is one of the most famous mountains in China. It lies in the south of Anhui. Every year, thousands of Chinese and foreigners pay a visit there. It is convenient to get there. You can go there by train or by plane. While climbing the mountain, you can enjoy the sea of clouds, beautiful pines and unique rocks around you. What’s more, in the early morning, when the sun rises, the sky looks beautiful. You will never forget the breathtaking scenery and fresh mountain air. I’m sure you will have a good time there. Yours, Li Hua 2 / 15 1 / 15 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $