Unit 7 When Disaster Strikes 同步练2025-2026学年中职英语外研版（2021）基础模块1

Unit 7 When Disaster Strikes 同步练 构词法与情态动词 班级：__________ 姓名：__________ 分数：__________ 第一部分：构词法 (Word Building) (每题2分，共30分) 请根据教材中关于派生、合成和转化构词法的知识，选择最佳答案。 1. Words like “replant” and “preparation” are formed by adding a prefix or suffix to a root word. They are called ______. (像 “replant” 和 “preparation” 这样通过给词根加前缀或后缀构成的词，被称为______。) A. compound words B. derivatives C. root words D. converted words 2. The word “flowerpot” is made up of two words: “flower” and “pot”. It is a ______. (“flowerpot” 这个词由 “flower” 和 “pot” 两个词组成。它是一个______。) A. derivative B. compound word C. verb D. prefix 3. In the word “powerless”, the suffix “-less” means ______. (在单词 “powerless” 中，后缀 “-less” 表示______。) A. full of B. without C. again D. before 4. Which of the following words is a derivative according to the text? (根据课文，以下哪个单词是派生词？) A. earthquake B. workshop C. natural D. passerby 5. The prefix “re-” in the word “replant” most likely means ______. (单词 “replant” 中的前缀 “re-” 最可能表示______。) A. not B. again C. before D. together 6. The word “hurt” can be used as a verb (伤害) and a noun (伤痛). This is an example of ______. (“hurt” 一词既可用作动词，也可用作名词。这是______的例子。) A. derivation B. compounding C. conversion D. prefixing 7. The suffix “-tion” often changes a verb into a ______. (后缀 “-tion” 通常将动词变为______。) A. verb B. adjective C. adverb D. noun 8. Which of the following is a compound word? (以下哪个是合成词？) A. impossible B. anti-clockwise C. earthquake D. carefully 9. The main purpose of learning word formation is to better understand the ______ of words. (学习构词法的主要目的是为了更好地理解单词的______。) A. spelling B. meaning C. pronunciation D. history 10. Which word is formed by adding a suffix that means “without” or “lacking”? (哪个单词是通过添加表示“没有”或“缺乏”的后缀构成的？) A. hopeful B. careful C. useless D. worker 11. Look at this sentence: “We can clean the streets and help replant some of the trees that were uprooted.” Which word has a prefix meaning “again”? (看这个句子：“We can clean the streets and help replant some of the trees that were uprooted.” 哪个单词有一个表示“再次”的前缀？) A. clean B. replant C. uprooted D. trees 12. In the word “uprooted”, the prefix “up-” suggests the action of moving something ______. (在单词 “uprooted” 中，前缀 “up-” 暗示了将某物______的动作。) A. carefully B. downwards C. upwards and out D. sideways 13. Complete the sentence with the proper form: “After ______ (graduate), Li Hui works as an engineer.” (用正确形式填空：“After ______ (graduate), Li Hui works as an engineer.”) A. graduate B. graduates C. graduating D. graduated 14. Complete the sentence with the proper form: “Lily was so ______ (care) that she left her wallet in the dining hall.” (用正确形式填空：“Lily was so ______ (care) that she left her wallet in the dining hall.”) A. care B. careful C. careless D. cared 15. Which of the following words is formed by adding a suffix to change the word into an adjective? (以下哪个单词是通过加后缀使其变成形容词构成的？) A. national B. weakness C. watering D. happily 第二部分：情态动词 (Modal Verbs) (每题2分，共30分) 请根据教材中关于情态动词用法的知识，选择最佳答案。 16. Modal verbs like “can” and “must” do NOT change form according to the subject’s ______. (像 “can” 和 “must” 这样的情态动词，其形式不随主语的______而变化。) A. person and number B. meaning C. tense D. position in the sentence 17. Which modal verb is commonly used to express ability? (哪个情态动词通常用于表示能力？) A. must B. should C. can D. may 18. In the sentence “You should think carefully before making a decision.”, the word “should” is used to give ______. (在句子 “You should think carefully before making a decision.” 中，“should” 一词用于给出______。) A. permission B. a strong order C. advice or suggestion D. a possibility 19. “Could I use your phone?” In this sentence, “Could” is used to ask for ______. (“Could I use your phone?” 在这句话中，“Could” 用于请求______。) A. ability B. permission C. necessity D. possibility 20. “This can’t be Lily’s book.” In this sentence, “can’t” expresses ______. (“This can’t be Lily’s book.” 在这句话中，“can’t” 表示______。) A. ability B. permission C. negative possibility D. strong necessity 21. Which modal verb expresses strong necessity or obligation? (哪个情态动词表示强烈的必要性或义务？) A. can B. may C. must D. could 22. Look at the sentence: “We should make some preparations.” What is the base form of the verb that follows the modal verb? (看这个句子：“We should make some preparations.” 跟在情态动词后面的动词原形是什么？) A. makes B. making C. made D. make 23. Which sentence uses a modal verb to express possibility? (哪个句子使用情态动词表示可能性？) A. I can swim very well. B. May I come in? C. It might rain later. D. You must finish your homework. 24. “Need” can be used both as a modal verb and as a main verb. Which sentence uses “need” as a modal verb? (“Need” 既可用作情态动词，也可用作实义动词。哪个句子中的 “need” 是情态动词？) A. He needs some water. B. Need I say more? C. I need to go now. D. She needed help yesterday. 25. Complete the sentence with the proper modal verb: “Lily ______ (can/must) speak English well.” She has learned it for many years. (用正确的情态动词填空：“Lily ______ (can/must) speak English well.” 她已学习英语多年。) A. can B. must 26. Complete the sentence with the proper modal verb: “You ______ (should/can) think carefully before making a decision.” (用正确的情态动词填空：“You ______ (should/can) think carefully before making a decision.”) A. should B. can 27. Complete the sentence with the proper modal verb: “This ______ (can’t/needn’t) be Lily’s book, because she lent hers to me.” (用正确的情态动词填空：“This ______ (can’t/needn’t) be Lily’s book, because she lent hers to me.”) A. can’t B. needn’t 28. Complete the sentence with the proper modal verb: “______ (May/Should) I use your mobile phone?” (用正确的情态动词填空：“______ (May/Should) I use your mobile phone?”) A. May B. Should 29. Complete the sentence with the proper modal verb: “______ (Could/Must) you send me an application form?” This is a polite request. (用正确的情态动词填空：“______ (Could/Must) you send me an application form?” 这是一个礼貌的请求。) A. Could B. Must 30. According to the rules, a modal verb is always followed by ______. (根据规则，情态动词后总是接______。) A. a noun B. an adjective C. the base form of a verb D. ‘-ing’ form of a verb 参考答案与解析 第一部分：构词法 1. B 解析：教材明确将此类由词根加前缀或后缀构成的词定义为“派生词”(derivatives)。 2. B 解析：教材将两个或更多单词组成的词定义为“合成词”(compound words)。 3. B 解析：教材指出后缀“-less”通常改变词义，意为“无…的”。 4. C 解析：“natural”由词根“nature”加形容词后缀“-al”构成，是派生词。其他选项均为合成词。 5. B 解析：前缀“re-”常见含义为“再次”，如“replay”(重播)，“rewrite”(重写)。 6. C 解析：教材将词类转换（如名词动词同形）称为“转化词”(converted words)。 7. D 解析：后缀“-tion”将动词变为名词，如“prepare→preparation”。 8. C 解析：“earthquake”由“earth”和“quake”合成。A、B是派生词，D是副词。 9.B 解析：教材开篇指出：“了解构词法有助于我们更好地了解词义。” 10. C 解析：后缀“-less”表示“没有”。“useless”意为“无用的”。 11. B 解析：“replant”中前缀“re-”意为“再次”，“plant”意为“种植”。 12. C 解析：“uproot”意为“连根拔起”，前缀“up-”表示“向上”，“root”是根。 13. C 解析：介词“after”后应接动词的“-ing”形式(“graduating”)或名词(“graduation”)。 14. C 解析：句子表达“粗心”，应用形容词“careless”（-less后缀表示“无…”）。 15. A 解析：“nation”是名词，加后缀“-al”变成形容词“国家的”。 第二部分：情态动词 16. A 解析：教材明确指出情态动词的形式“不会根据人称和数发生变化”。 17. C 解析：教材列出“can/could”可表示能力。 18. C 解析：“should”常用于提出建议，意为“应该”。 19. B 解析：教材列出“could/may”可用于表示许可，这里“Could I…?”是礼貌请求许可。 20. C 解析：“can’t”在这里表示“不可能”，是对现在情况否定的推测。 21. C 解析：教材列出“must”可表示必要性，语气最强。 22. D 解析：规则指出情态动词后跟动词原形，所以是“make”。 23. C 解析：“might”表示“可能”，是一种可能性推测。 24. B 解析：情态动词“need”后直接跟动词原形“say”，且无需加“-s”。其他选项中的“need”后接名词或带to的不定式，是实义动词。 25. A 解析：描述多年学习获得的“能力”，用“can”。 26. A 解析：在决策前“仔细思考”这是一个“建议”，用“should”。 27. A 解析：根据“她把书借给我了”这一信息，推断“这不可能是她的书”，表示否定的可能性，用“can’t”。 28. A 解析：请求对方许可使用手机，应用表示许可的“May”。 29. A 解析：“Could you…?”是表达礼貌请求的常用句型。 30. C 解析：教材规则：“情态动词不能单独使用，后面要跟动词原形。” 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $