Unit 7 When Disaster Strikes Around the World 同步练2025-2026学年中职英语外研版（2021）基础模块1

Unit 7 When Disaster Strikes Around the World 同步练 自然灾害知识 班级：__________ 姓名：__________ 分数：__________ 说明： 请阅读教材“Around the World”部分关于地震、丛林大火和黑死病的短文，选择最佳答案。 (每题2.5分，共50分) 1. Earthquakes not only destroy cities and kill people, but also ______. (地震不仅摧毁城市、夺人性命，还会______。) A. create new land B. change the time C. cause rain D. stop volcanoes 2. The 2011 Tohoku quake in Japan shifted the earth’s mass and made the earth ______ faster. (2011年日本东北地震改变了地球质量，并使地球______更快。) A. move B. spin C. shake D. grow 3. The 2011 Tohoku quake shortened the day by ______. (2011年日本东北地震使一天缩短了______。) A. 1.6 microseconds B. 6.8 microseconds C. 1.6 milliseconds D. 6.8 milliseconds 4. Which earthquake is mentioned to have shortened the day by 6.8 microseconds? (哪次地震被提及使一天缩短了6.8微秒？) A. The 2011 Tohoku quake. B. The 2004 Sumatra quake. C. Both earthquakes. D. Neither earthquake. 5. Bushfires are common throughout Australia because the climate is generally ______. (丛林大火在澳洲很常见，因为其气候总体______。) A. cold and wet B. hot and dry C. mild and rainy D. windy and cloudy 6. Bushfires in Australia have caused loss of life, significant damage to property and also ______ many species. (澳大利亚的丛林大火已导致生命损失、重大财产损失，并______许多物种。) A. saved B. created C. endangered D. fed 7. Australia’s natural ecosystems have ______ alongside fires. (澳大利亚的自然生态系统是与火灾共同______的。) A. disappeared B. evolved C. suffered D. started 8. Both the landscape and its biological diversity in Australia have been shaped by ______ fires. (澳大利亚的地貌及其生物多样性都是由______火灾塑造的。) A. future B. historic and recent C. only ancient D. small 9. Black Death was a ______ that attacked Europe in the medieval period. (黑死病是一种在中世纪时期袭击欧洲的______。) A. war B. famine C. pandemic D. revolution 10. Black Death is widely believed to have been the result of ______. (人们普遍认为黑死病是______的结果。) A. earthquake B. climate change C. plague D. pollution 11. The whole of Europe was ______ by the Black Death pandemic. (整个欧洲都受到了黑死病的______。) A. ignored B. improved C. hard hit D. saved 12. A rough estimate is that ______ people died from the Black Death in Europe. (粗略估计，欧洲约有______人死于黑死病。) A. 25 million B. 10 million C. 50 million D. 100 million 13. The death toll from the Black Death was about ______ of the European population at that time. (黑死病的死亡人数约占当时欧洲人口的______。) A. one tenth B. one quarter C. one third D. one half 14. The phrase “shifted the earth’s mass” means the earthquake ______. (“shifted the earth’s mass” 意思是地震______。) A. created new land B. moved part of the planet’s weight/ material C. made the earth lighter D. changed the earth‘s direction 15. “Shortening the day” refers to making the time for the earth to complete one rotation ______. (“Shortening the day” 指的是使地球完成一次自转的时间______。) A. longer B. more predictable C. shorter D. stop 16. “Bushfires are common throughout Australia” means they happen ______ in Australia. (“Bushfires are common throughout Australia” 意味着它们在澳大利亚______发生。) A. never B. rarely C. frequently in many areas D. only in one part 17. “Endangered many species” means the bushfires put many kinds of animals and plants in danger of ______. (“Endangered many species” 意味着丛林大火使许多种类的动植物面临______的危险。) A. growing fast B. disappearing C. moving away D. changing color 18. The word “pandemic” specifically refers to a disease that ______. (“pandemic” 一词特指一种______的疾病。) A. spreads over a whole country or the world B. affects only animals C. is not serious D. can be cured easily 19. “A rough estimate” means the number is ______. (“A rough estimate” 意味着这个数字是______。) A. exact and accurate B. not exact, but approximate C. completely wrong D. officially confirmed 20. What is the main purpose of this text? (这篇文章的主要目的是什么？) A. To scare people about disasters. B. To provide scientific and historical facts about different disasters. C. To give advice on how to survive disasters. D. To compare which disaster is the worst. 参考答案与解析 1.B 解析：原文第一句明确指出地震的第三个影响是“change the time”。 2.B 解析：原文为“made the earth spin faster”，其中“spin”意为“旋转”。 3.A 解析：原文明确给出数字“shortening the day by 1.6 microseconds”。 4.B 解析：原文分别说明两次地震：“The 2004 Sumatra quake shortened the day by 6.8 microseconds。” 5.B 解析：原文给出了丛林大火常见的原因：“the Australian climate is generally hot and dry.” 6.C 解析：原文并列了丛林大火的三种后果，第三个是“endangered many species”。“endangered”意为“使…濒危”。 7.B 解析：原文“evolved alongside fires”意为“与火灾一同进化/演化”，这是一个关键搭配。 8.B 解析：原文明确指出是“historic and recent fires”共同塑造了澳大利亚的自然特征。 9.C 解析：原文将黑死病描述为“a pandemic”，即“大流行病”。 10. C 解析：原文“widely believed to have been the result of plague”表明普遍认为其原因是“plague”（瘟疫）。 11. C 解析：原文“was hard hit by”是一个固定搭配，意为“受到…的沉重打击”。 12. A 解析：原文给出的数字是“25 million people”。 13. C 解析：原文明确指出“about one third of the European population”。 14. B 解析：“shifted the earth’s mass”是科学描述，指改变了地球质量的分布，即移动了部分地球物质。 15. C 解析：“shortening”意为“使变短”，因此“shortening the day”就是使一天的时间变短。 16. C 解析：“common throughout”意味着在许多地方都常见，即频繁发生。 17. B 解析：“endanger”意为“使处于危险中”，对物种而言，最大的危险就是灭绝(disappearing)。 18. A 解析：“pandemic”（大流行）的定义就是疾病在全国或全球范围内广泛传播。 19. B 解析：“rough estimate”指“粗略估计”，即大概的、不精确的数字。 20. B 解析：全文以客观口吻介绍了三种灾害的科学事实（地震影响时间、丛林大火与生态、黑死病历史数据），主要目的是提供信息。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $