Unit 1 Spring is coming! 时间状语从句-【简语法-单元核心语法精练】英语八年级下册（冀教版）

该初中英语单元学案以“时间状语从句”为核心，围绕冀教版新教材Unit 1“Spring is coming!”设计，目标是帮助学生系统掌握8大引导词用法及核心语法规则。学案通过“核心语法回顾（引导词总表、规则总表）—专项能力突破（单句填空、完成句子）—解题综合提升（完形填空）”的递进式任务，构建连贯的知识学习路径。 亮点在于“引导词用法总表”和“核心规则总表”系统梳理考点，结合分层练习（如单句语法填空、完成句子）培养语言能力，完形填空任务（如Passage 1-6）促进思维品质发展。每部分均配典型例句及解析，既帮助学生夯实基础，又为教师实施单元复习提供完整教学框架，支持深度学习与能力提升。

单元核心语法精练 Unit 1 Spring is coming!（新教材冀教版） （时间状语从句） 内容提要 核心语法回顾 专项能力突破 解题综合提升 一：时间状语从句引导词用法总表 本表系统梳理8 大引导词的含义、动词类型、用法与例句，全覆盖考点。 引导词 核心含义 动词要求 用法说明 典型例句及翻译 when 当… 时候 短暂 / 延续均可 可指时间点 / 时间段；主从句可同时或先后 I was watching TV when you called. 你打电话时我在看电视。 while 在… 期间 必须延续动词 只指时间段；强调主从句动作同时进行 My father was reading while I was doing homework. as 一边… 一边；随着 短暂 / 延续均可 强调同步发生；表变化趋势 As I grew older, I knew more about life. as soon as 一… 就… 短暂 / 延续均可 动作衔接最紧密；必考主将从现 I will tell you as soon as he comes back. until 直到… 肯定：延续；否定：短暂 直到…；not…until 直到… 才 I waited until you finished your work. before 在… 之前 不限 主句动作先于从句 Please close the window before you go out. after 在… 之后 不限 主句动作晚于从句 I went to bed after I finished my homework. since 自从… 以来 短暂 / 延续均可 常与现在完成时连用 I have lived here since I was a child. 使用注意事项 1. 时间状语从句无论放在主句前还是后，都必须使用陈述语序，不能用疑问语序。 例句：I don’t know when he will leave for Beijing. 2. when 可表示 “突然、就在那时”，常用于主句为进行时 / 过去将来时的句子。 例句：I was walking in the street when it began to rain. 3. while 除引导时间从句外，还可表示对比，意为 “然而”，是考试易错点。 例句：I like reading while my brother likes playing football. 二：时间状语从句核心规则总表 本表完整呈现语序、时态、特殊句型、易错点，考试直接套用。 规则类别 具体内容 标志提示 典型例句及翻译 陈述语序 引导词 + 主语 + 谓语 所有从句 Can you tell me when the bus arrives? 主将从现 主句：一般将来时；从句：一般现在时 as soon as, when, until, before He will go out after he cleans his room. 主过从过 主句：一般过去时；从句：过去相应时态 全部引导词 She was dancing when I arrived at the hall. 真理不变 客观真理永远用一般现在时 自然规律、常识 As the earth goes around the sun, we have four seasons. not…until 直到… 才…；主句用否定 短暂性动词 He didn’t go to bed until his mom came back. 省略结构 when/while + 现在分词 主从句主语一致 While walking in the park, I met my friend. 使用注意事项 1. 主将从现是本单元最高频考点，只要看到主句是 will/be going to，从句必须用一般现在时。 例句：We will start the meeting as soon as the teacher arrives. 2. until 肯定句中，主句动词必须是延续性动词；否定句中必须是短暂性动词。 例句：I will wait for you until you come back.（wait 延续） 3. 主从句主语一致时，when/while 后面可直接接 doing，构成省略结构。 例句：When listening to music, he feels very relaxed. 一、单句语法填空（共 15 题） 1. I will tell him the good news as soon as he ______ (come) back. 2. My mother was cooking ______ I got home yesterday. 3. While she ______ (watch) TV, she fell asleep. 4. I didn’t go to bed ______ I finished my homework last night. 5. ______ time goes by, we become more mature. 6. We must clean the room ______ we leave the hotel. 7. He has lived here ______ he was five years old. 8. I was walking in the park ______ it began to rain heavily. 9. Please turn off the lights ______ you leave the classroom. 10. While I ______ (wait) for the bus, I met an old friend. 11. She learned French ______ she was staying in Paris. 12. We won’t start the meeting ______ Mr. Wang arrives. 13. I will call you up ______ I get to Beijing tomorrow. 14. He fell asleep ______ he was reading a storybook. 15. The teacher told us that the sun ______ (rise) in the east. 二、完成句子填空（共 15 题） 1. 我一见到他就会把这件事告诉他。 I will tell him about it ______ ______ ______ I see him. 2. 当我妈妈进来时，我正在画画。 I ______ ______ when my mother came in. 3. 他直到做完家务才出去玩。 He ______ go out to play ______ he finished the housework. 4. 随着天气变暖，树木开始变绿。 ______ the weather gets warm, trees turn green. 5. 你离开之前要关灯。 Turn off the lights ______ you leave. 6. 她在做饭的时候，我在打扫房间。 She was cooking ______ I was cleaning the room. 7. 我直到你回来才会离开。 I ______ leave ______ you come back. 8. 当我到家时，电话响了。 The telephone rang ______ I got home. 9. 自从他来到这所学校，他就非常努力学习。 He has studied hard ______ he came to this school. 10. 我正在跑步，突然我摔倒了。 I was running ______ I fell down. 11. 当你过马路时要小心。 Be careful ______ you cross the road. 12. 爸爸在看报纸，而妈妈在洗衣服。 Father was reading newspapers ______ Mother was washing clothes. 13. 我会一直等到你回来。 I will wait ______ you come back. 14. 完成作业后，他去睡觉了。 ______ he finished his homework, he went to bed. 15. 随着我们长大，我们懂得更多道理。 ______ we grow up, we understand more. 解析：句意：随着我们长大，我们懂得更多道理。as 表示 “随着”，描述状态同步变化，为书面常用表达。 Passage 1 请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯。注意每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余项。请将答案写在答题卡对应题目的答题位置上。 meet  old  I  when  because  so  another  later  same  beat  friend  other For most people, friends are those who stay with us for a long time in our lives. But in fact, there is 1 kind of friends—those who aren’t with us for a long time, but bring us happiness and warmth at some moments. I 2 my first such friend, Lily, in the hospital. She was in the bed next to 3 . Lily was about two years 4 than me and much more lively. She would jump out of bed 5 the nurse left. Without her, I would be alone and afraid 6 my parents couldn’t stay with me in the hospital all the time. Two years 7 , my parents sent me to a nursery school (幼儿园) because they were quite busy. There, I met a foreign girl. Our friendship began with competition and we tried to 8 each other in all things. Our competition made me feel happy and excited. And maybe she felt the 9 as me. We couldn’t speak to each other because of the language difference, but we finally became good 10 . Such friends often support (支持) us when something bad happens. And in our heart, we should thank them for their love and wish them well. Passage 2 happen  during  easy  when  danger  protect  two  you  good  check Natural disasters can happen anytime. The best way to protect 1 is to be ready before they come. First, make a family plan. Choose a safe place outside your home where everyone can meet after the disaster. 2 , prepare an emergency kit. Put water, food, a flashlight, and a first-aid kit in it. Keep it where you can get it 3 . Third, learn what to do 4 a disaster. If an earthquake 5 , stay under a strong desk. If a flood comes, stay away from rivers and low places. If a typhoon arrives, remain inside and close all windows. Fourth, always follow the advice from local officials. They know what is 6 for your safety. After the disaster, 7 yourself and others for injuries. Be careful of 8 , such as broken power lines and fallen trees. You cannot stop a disaster, but you can 9 yourself by getting ready. 10 the disaster is over, you will be happy that you prepared well. Passage 3 用方框中所给单词的适当形式补全短文 (有两词多余) sure, communicate, challenge, before, during, require, company, everything, since, although, interview, necessary Job interviews are sometimes 1 but the following advice can help make them easier. Be on time. It’s 2 to find out exactly (确切地) where the interview is and how to get there. 3 buses may be late, leave enough time to avoid rushing. Being early is always better than being late. Be ready. Job interviews often 4 you to talk about your qualifications (资格), past experiences, and reasons for applying. Think about possible questions beforehand and get your answers ready. Make eye contact (眼神交流). In the interview, don’t sit looking at your feet. Make sure you sit up and look at the 5 in the eye. This makes you look honest and more confident. If you avoid eye contact, the interviewer will think that you don’t want to 6 . Ask a question. It’s a good idea to ask questions about the 7 or the job at the interview. Think of some questions 8 the interview. It makes you look more interested if you do this. Follow the advice, and you’ll 9 improve your chances of success. Hope 10 goes well! Passage 4 watch children after way favourite sport healthy interested hardly need To keep fit, getting children to love sports is good for them. Children 1 at least one hour of activities every day. However, some children 2 ever play sports. They think they’re 3 , so they don’t need to exercise. How can you let your children love sports? Here are a few 4 to help you. Show your children as many 5 as you can. If they’re not 6 in baseball or basketball, you can try other sports, like swimming or running. They will find their 7 one. Watch all kinds of sports games. Letting your children 8 sports games on TV can be a good way. Children may like some sports 9 they see how people play them. Read books and magazines about sports with your 10 . Buy such books and magazines with pictures for them and read every story to them. Passage 5 阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。 think  enjoy  storm  since  special  success  while  belong  achieve  danger Last Sunday, my family drove to the mountains. We saw tall trees and beautiful flowers. The sky was blue, and birds were singing. We were 1 the view when suddenly, dark clouds came. A big 2 started! The rain fell heavily like a waterfall. Thunder crashed loudly. We realized we couldn’t go back because the road was too 3 . 4 waiting in the car. Dad told us a story. It was about Yu Gong, an old man who wanted to move two big mountains. Many people said it was impossible, but Yu Gong never gave up. He worked hard to 5 his dream. This story made me 6 of Qomolangma, Like Yu Gong, climbers there never give up even though it is very cold and dangerous. They wear 7 clothes and use oxygen (氧气) to fight against bad weather. Many tried to climb it, but only a few were 8 . China also works hard to protect important places. 9 the 1990s, it has saved many old historical sites (古迹) and animals like pandas. These places are important because they 10 to all people in the world. We must care for them together! Passage 6 阅读短文(A)，用方框中所给词或词组填空，使文章通顺、连贯、合理。(每空只能填一个单词或短语，每个单词或短语限用一次) answer, showing, taught, stranger, each other, since, between, others, their, survey “Thank you” is one of the first few phrases (短语) that our English teacher 1 us when we began to learn English. Each time we receive help from 2 , we say “Thank you”. We may say it many times a day. It seems that “Thank you” is very popular among us Chinese students. But is it as popular in the UK? The answer is “no”. According to the 3 , “Thank you” is only the 20th most popular way of expressing gratitude (感激) in the UK. The survey shows that British people like “Cheers” most to express (表达) 4 thanks. For example, when friends invite 5 for a drink after a game, a smile and a “Cheers” may be the best way to say “thanks”. You may often hear the word spoken 6 two good friends. “Great”, “nice one” and “all right” are also popular informal (不正式的) ways of 7 gratitude among friends in the UK. Of course, there are some formal (正式的) ways to say “thanks” among British people. For example, when a 8 is especially helpful, they may say “brilliant” or “much appreciated” to express their gratitude. By the way, how do British people usually 9 “thank you”? They like to say: “You’re welcome.”, “No problem” or “Sure”. 10 you have many more ways to show your thanks, next time you want to say “thank you”, why not try one of these new British phrases? 3 / 7乐思英语 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $单元核心语法精练 Unit 1 Spring is coming!（新教材冀教版） （时间状语从句） 内容提要 核心语法回顾 专项能力突破 解题综合提升 一：时间状语从句引导词用法总表 本表系统梳理8 大引导词的含义、动词类型、用法与例句，全覆盖考点。 引导词 核心含义 动词要求 用法说明 典型例句及翻译 when 当… 时候 短暂 / 延续均可 可指时间点 / 时间段；主从句可同时或先后 I was watching TV when you called. 你打电话时我在看电视。 while 在… 期间 必须延续动词 只指时间段；强调主从句动作同时进行 My father was reading while I was doing homework. as 一边… 一边；随着 短暂 / 延续均可 强调同步发生；表变化趋势 As I grew older, I knew more about life. as soon as 一… 就… 短暂 / 延续均可 动作衔接最紧密；必考主将从现 I will tell you as soon as he comes back. until 直到… 肯定：延续；否定：短暂 直到…；not…until 直到… 才 I waited until you finished your work. before 在… 之前 不限 主句动作先于从句 Please close the window before you go out. after 在… 之后 不限 主句动作晚于从句 I went to bed after I finished my homework. since 自从… 以来 短暂 / 延续均可 常与现在完成时连用 I have lived here since I was a child. 使用注意事项 1. 时间状语从句无论放在主句前还是后，都必须使用陈述语序，不能用疑问语序。 例句：I don’t know when he will leave for Beijing. 2. when 可表示 “突然、就在那时”，常用于主句为进行时 / 过去将来时的句子。 例句：I was walking in the street when it began to rain. 3. while 除引导时间从句外，还可表示对比，意为 “然而”，是考试易错点。 例句：I like reading while my brother likes playing football. 二：时间状语从句核心规则总表 本表完整呈现语序、时态、特殊句型、易错点，考试直接套用。 规则类别 具体内容 标志提示 典型例句及翻译 陈述语序 引导词 + 主语 + 谓语 所有从句 Can you tell me when the bus arrives? 主将从现 主句：一般将来时；从句：一般现在时 as soon as, when, until, before He will go out after he cleans his room. 主过从过 主句：一般过去时；从句：过去相应时态 全部引导词 She was dancing when I arrived at the hall. 真理不变 客观真理永远用一般现在时 自然规律、常识 As the earth goes around the sun, we have four seasons. not…until 直到… 才…；主句用否定 短暂性动词 He didn’t go to bed until his mom came back. 省略结构 when/while + 现在分词 主从句主语一致 While walking in the park, I met my friend. 使用注意事项 1. 主将从现是本单元最高频考点，只要看到主句是 will/be going to，从句必须用一般现在时。 例句：We will start the meeting as soon as the teacher arrives. 2. until 肯定句中，主句动词必须是延续性动词；否定句中必须是短暂性动词。 例句：I will wait for you until you come back.（wait 延续） 3. 主从句主语一致时，when/while 后面可直接接 doing，构成省略结构。 例句：When listening to music, he feels very relaxed. 一、单句语法填空（共 15 题） 1. I will tell him the good news as soon as he ______ (come) back. 答案：comes 解析：句意：他一回来我就告诉他这个好消息。as soon as 遵循主将从现规则，从句主语是 he，动词用第三人称单数 comes。 2. My mother was cooking ______ I got home yesterday. 答案：when 解析：句意：昨天我到家时，妈妈正在做饭。got home 是短暂性动词，只能用 when，while 后必须接延续性动词，不能使用。 3. While she ______ (watch) TV, she fell asleep. 答案：was watching 解析：句意：她看电视的时候睡着了。while 后必须接延续性动作，表示 “在…… 期间”，所以用过去进行时 was watching。 4. I didn’t go to bed ______ I finished my homework last night. 答案：until 解析：句意：昨晚我直到写完作业才去睡觉。考查固定结构 not…until，意为 “直到…… 才……”，主句为短暂性动词时必须用否定。 5. ______ time goes by, we become more mature. 答案：As 解析：句意：随着时间流逝，我们变得更成熟。as 表示 **“随着”**，强调两种情况同步变化，是时间状语从句的高频考点用法。 6. We must clean the room ______ we leave the hotel. 答案：before 解析：句意：离开旅馆前我们必须打扫房间。before 表示 “在…… 之前”，强调主句动作发生在从句动作之前。 7. He has lived here ______ he was five years old. 答案：since 解析：句意：他从五岁起就住在这里。since 意为 “自从…… 以来”，后接一般过去时，主句常用现在完成时。 8. I was walking in the park ______ it began to rain heavily. 答案：when 解析：句意：我正在公园散步，突然下起了大雨。when 此处表示 **“突然就在那时”**，常用于主句为进行时的结构。 9. Please turn off the lights ______ you leave the classroom. 答案：when 解析：句意：当你离开教室时请关灯。when 可接短暂性动词，适用范围最广，可指时间点，符合本句语境。 10. While I ______ (wait) for the bus, I met an old friend. 答案：was waiting 解析：句意：我等公交车时遇到了一位老朋友。while 强调一段时间内正在进行的动作，必须用过去进行时。 11. She learned French ______ she was staying in Paris. 答案：while 解析：句意：她在巴黎期间学了法语。stay 是延续性动词，只能用 while 表示 “在…… 期间”，不能用 when 替换。 12. We won’t start the meeting ______ Mr. Wang arrives. 答案：until 解析：句意：直到王先生到达，我们才会开始会议。won’t 是 will not，构成 not…until 结构，表 “直到…… 才”。 13. I will call you up ______ I get to Beijing tomorrow. 答案：as soon as 解析：句意：我明天一到北京就给你打电话。as soon as 表示 “一…… 就……”，遵循主将从现时态规则。 14. He fell asleep ______ he was reading a storybook. 答案：while 解析：句意：他读故事书的时候睡着了。read 是延续性动词，用 while 强调动作在过程中发生。 15. The teacher told us that the sun ______ (rise) in the east. 答案：rises 解析：句意：老师告诉我们太阳从东方升起。客观真理永远用一般现在时，不受主句过去时态影响。 二、完成句子填空（共 15 题） 1. 我一见到他就会把这件事告诉他。 I will tell him about it ______ ______ ______ I see him. 答案：as soon as 解析：句意：我一见到他就会把这件事告诉他。as soon as 引导时间状语从句，主句将来时，从句用一般现在时。 2. 当我妈妈进来时，我正在画画。 I ______ ______ when my mother came in. 答案：was drawing 解析：句意：当我妈妈进来时，我正在画画。从句为一般过去时，主句表示过去正在进行，用过去进行时。 3. 他直到做完家务才出去玩。 He ______ go out to play ______ he finished the housework. 答案：didn’t; until 解析：句意：他直到做完家务才出去玩。考查 not…until 固定句型，主句动词为短暂性动词，必须用否定。 4. 随着天气变暖，树木开始变绿。 ______ the weather gets warm, trees turn green. 答案：As 解析：句意：随着天气变暖，树木开始变绿。as 表示 “随着”，描述同步变化，是本单元重点用法。 5. 你离开之前要关灯。 Turn off the lights ______ you leave. 答案：before 解析：句意：你离开之前要关灯。before 表示 “在…… 之前”，用于强调动作先后顺序。 6. 她在做饭的时候，我在打扫房间。 She was cooking ______ I was cleaning the room. 答案：while 解析：句意：她在做饭的时候，我在打扫房间。while 连接两个同时进行的过去进行时动作。 7. 我直到你回来才会离开。 I ______ leave ______ you come back. 答案：won’t; until 解析：句意：我直到你回来才会离开。will not 缩写为 won’t，构成 not…until 结构。 8. 当我到家时，电话响了。 The telephone rang ______ I got home. 答案：when 解析：句意：当我到家时，电话响了。got home 是短暂动词，只能用 when，不能用 while。 9. 自从他来到这所学校，他就非常努力学习。 He has studied hard ______ he came to this school. 答案：since 解析：句意：自从他来到这所学校，他就非常努力学习。since 接过去时间，主句用现在完成时。 10. 我正在跑步，突然我摔倒了。 I was running ______ I fell down. 答案：when 解析：句意：我正在跑步，突然摔倒了。when 表示 “突然就在那时”，是固定常用句型。 11. 当你过马路时要小心。 Be careful ______ you cross the road. 答案：when 解析：句意：当你过马路时要小心。when 适用范围广，可接短暂性动词，符合日常表达习惯。 12. 爸爸在看报纸，而妈妈在洗衣服。 Father was reading newspapers ______ Mother was washing clothes. 答案：while 解析：句意：爸爸在看报纸，而妈妈在洗衣服。while 可表示两个动作同时进行，也可表对比。 13. 我会一直等到你回来。 I will wait ______ you come back. 答案：until 解析：句意：我会一直等到你回来。until 表示 “直到…… 为止”，主句动词 wait 是延续性动词，用肯定。 14. 完成作业后，他去睡觉了。 ______ he finished his homework, he went to bed. 答案：After 解析：句意：完成作业后，他去睡觉了。after 表示 “在…… 之后”，强调动作先后顺序。 15. 随着我们长大，我们懂得更多道理。 ______ we grow up, we understand more. 答案：As 解析：句意：随着我们长大，我们懂得更多道理。as 表示 “随着”，描述状态同步变化，为书面常用表达。 Passage 1 请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯。注意每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余项。请将答案写在答题卡对应题目的答题位置上。 meet  old  I  when  because  so  another  later  same  beat  friend  other For most people, friends are those who stay with us for a long time in our lives. But in fact, there is 1 kind of friends—those who aren’t with us for a long time, but bring us happiness and warmth at some moments. I 2 my first such friend, Lily, in the hospital. She was in the bed next to 3 . Lily was about two years 4 than me and much more lively. She would jump out of bed 5 the nurse left. Without her, I would be alone and afraid 6 my parents couldn’t stay with me in the hospital all the time. Two years 7 , my parents sent me to a nursery school (幼儿园) because they were quite busy. There, I met a foreign girl. Our friendship began with competition and we tried to 8 each other in all things. Our competition made me feel happy and excited. And maybe she felt the 9 as me. We couldn’t speak to each other because of the language difference, but we finally became good 10 . Such friends often support (支持) us when something bad happens. And in our heart, we should thank them for their love and wish them well. 【答案】 1．another 2．met 3．mine 4．older 5．when 6．because 7．later 8．beat 9．same 10．friends 【导语】本文主要介绍了一种“陪伴时间不长，但在特定时刻给我们温暖”的特殊朋友，并以作者在医院和幼儿园的两段经历为例，讲述了这类朋友带来的陪伴与力量。 1．句意：但事实上，还有另一种朋友——他们不会陪我们很久，却会在某些时刻给我们带来快乐与温暖。前面说“对大多数人来说，朋友是陪伴很久的人”，这里用“但事实上”表示转折，因此指“还有另一种朋友”。another kind of表示“另一种”，符合语境。 2．句意：我在医院里遇见了第一个这样的朋友Lily。全文回忆过去的经历，故用一般过去时，meet的过去式是met。 3．句意：她的病床就在我的旁边。结合语境可知，这里指“她的床在我的床旁边”，用名词性物主代词mine代替“my bed”。 4．句意：Lily比我大约大两岁，性格也活泼得多。“than”是比较级标志，故填old的比较级older，指年龄方面更大。 5．句意：每当护士离开时，她就会跳下床。前半句“她会跳下床”和后半句“护士离开”需要一个词来连接两个动作。when表示“当……时候”，符合语境。 6．句意：如果没有她，我会感到孤单又害怕，因为我的父母没法一直陪我待在医院里。后面“我的父母没法一直陪我待在医院里”是前面“我会感到孤单又害怕”的原因，故用because引导原因状语从句。 7．句意：两年后，因为父母工作很忙，他们把我送进了幼儿园。two years later是固定搭配，表示“两年后”。 8．句意：我们的友谊始于一场竞争，我们事事都想打败对方。根据前半句“我们的友谊始于一场竞争”可知，这里指“我们事事都想打败对方”，动词beat表示“打败”。try to do sth.是固定搭配，故填beat的原形。 9．句意：我们的竞争让我既开心又兴奋，或许她的感受也和我一样。the same as是固定搭配，表示“和……一样”。 10．句意：因为语言不通，我们无法交流，但最后还是成了好朋友。根据前文的“我们的友谊始于一场竞争”可知，这里指“我们成为了好朋友”。主语we是复数，故填friend的复数形式friends。 Passage 2 happen  during  easy  when  danger  protect  two  you  good  check Natural disasters can happen anytime. The best way to protect 1 is to be ready before they come. First, make a family plan. Choose a safe place outside your home where everyone can meet after the disaster. 2 , prepare an emergency kit. Put water, food, a flashlight, and a first-aid kit in it. Keep it where you can get it 3 . Third, learn what to do 4 a disaster. If an earthquake 5 , stay under a strong desk. If a flood comes, stay away from rivers and low places. If a typhoon arrives, remain inside and close all windows. Fourth, always follow the advice from local officials. They know what is 6 for your safety. After the disaster, 7 yourself and others for injuries. Be careful of 8 , such as broken power lines and fallen trees. You cannot stop a disaster, but you can 9 yourself by getting ready. 10 the disaster is over, you will be happy that you prepared well. 【答案】 1. yourself 2. Second 3. easily 4. during 5. happens 6. best 7. check 8. dangers 9. protect 10. When 【导语】本文主要介绍了在自然灾害来临之前如何保护自己。 1. 句意：保护自己的最好方法是在他们到来之前做好准备。根据“to be ready before they come”可知，保护自己就要提前做好准备，动作protect的执行者和承受者都是you“你”，此处用反身代词yourself“你自己”。 2. 句意：第二，准备一个应急包。根据“First”“Third”可知，此处指“第二”，用two“二”的序数词second。 3. 句意：把它放在容易拿到的地方。根据“Keep it where you can get it”可知，放在容易拿到的地方，用easy“容易的”的副词形式easily“容易地”修饰动词get。 4. 句意：第三，学习灾难期间该做什么。此处表示灾难期间，用介词during“在……期间”。 5. 句意：如果发生地震，请待在坚固的桌子下。根据“stay under a strong desk”可知，指地震发生时这么做。happen“发生”，主句为祈使句，从句用一般现在时，主语为an earthquake，动词用第三人称单数形式happens。 6. 句意：他们知道什么对你的安全最好。这是一个宾语从句，从句缺表语，结合“for your safety”可知，知道什么对你的安全最好，此处填good“好的”的最高级best“最好的”。 7. 句意：灾难发生后，检查自己和他人是否受伤。根据“yourself and others for injuries”可知，检查是否受伤，check“检查”，句子为祈使句肯定形式，以动词原形开头。 8. 句意：小心危险，比如断裂的电线和倒下的树木。根据“such as broken power lines and fallen trees”可知，指小心这些危险。danger“危险”，结合后面的举例可知，此处用名词复数dangers。 9. 句意：你无法阻止灾难，但你可以通过做好准备来保护自己。根据“yourself by getting ready”可知，可以通过做好准备来保护自己。protect“保护”，情态动词can后用动词原形。 10. 句意：当灾难结束时，你会很高兴你准备得很好。“the disaster is over”表示时间，此处用when“当……时”引导时间状语从句。 Passage 3 用方框中所给单词的适当形式补全短文 (有两词多余) sure, communicate, challenge, before, during, require, company, everything, since, although, interview, necessary Job interviews are sometimes 1 but the following advice can help make them easier. Be on time. It’s 2 to find out exactly (确切地) where the interview is and how to get there. 3 buses may be late, leave enough time to avoid rushing. Being early is always better than being late. Be ready. Job interviews often 4 you to talk about your qualifications (资格), past experiences, and reasons for applying. Think about possible questions beforehand and get your answers ready. Make eye contact (眼神交流). In the interview, don’t sit looking at your feet. Make sure you sit up and look at the 5 in the eye. This makes you look honest and more confident. If you avoid eye contact, the interviewer will think that you don’t want to 6 . Ask a question. It’s a good idea to ask questions about the 7 or the job at the interview. Think of some questions 8 the interview. It makes you look more interested if you do this. Follow the advice, and you’ll 9 improve your chances of success. Hope 10 goes well! 【答案】 1. challenging 2. necessary 3. Since 4. require 5. interviewer 6. communicate 7. company 8. before 9. surely 10. everything 【导语】本文主要讲述了如何让求职面试变得更容易，包括准时到达、做好准备、进行眼神交流、提问以及遵循相关建议等，以提高面试成功的几率。 1. 句意：求职面试有时很有挑战性，但下面的建议可以让它们变得更容易。根据“but the following advice can help make them easier”可知，前后是转折关系，说明面试有挑战性，用challenge的形容词形式challenging“有挑战性的”作表语。故填challenging。 2. 句意：确切地找出面试地点以及如何到达那里是必要的。根据“to find out exactly (确切地) where the interview is and how to get there”可知，找出面试地点和到达方式是必要的，用require的形容词形式necessary“必要的”作表语。故填necessary。 3. 句意：由于公交车可能会晚点，所以要留出足够的时间避免匆忙。根据“buses may be late, leave enough time to avoid rushing”可知，前后是因果关系，用since“由于”引导原因状语从句，句首字母大写。故填Since。 4. 句意：求职面试通常要求你谈论你的资格、过去的经历以及申请的原因。根据“you to talk about your qualifications (资格), past experiences, and reasons for applying”可知，面试要求谈论这些内容，用require“要求”，根据“often”可知，句子用一般现在时，主语是复数，谓语动词用原形。故填require。 5. 句意：确保你坐直，看着面试官的眼睛。根据“in the interview”可知，面试时是看着面试官的眼睛，用interview的名词形式interviewer“面试官”，此处用单数。故填interviewer。 6. 句意：如果你避免眼神交流，面试官会认为你不想交流。根据“If you avoid eye contact”可知，避免眼神交流，面试官会认为不想交流，用communicate“交流”，want to do sth.“想要做某事”。故填communicate。 7. 句意：在面试时问一些关于公司或工作的问题是个好主意。根据“It’s a good idea to ask questions about the...or the job at the interview”可知，是问关于公司或工作的问题，用company“公司”。故填company。 8. 句意：在面试前想好一些问题。根据“It makes you look more interested if you do this.”可知，提前想好问题会显得更感兴趣，用before“在……之前”，引导时间状语从句。故填before。 9. 句意：遵循这些建议，你肯定会提高成功的机会。根据“Follow the advice, and you’ll...improve your chances of success.”可知，遵循建议肯定会提高成功机会，用sure的副词形式surely“肯定，一定”修饰动词improve。故填surely。 10. 句意：希望一切顺利！根据“Hope...goes well!”可知，是希望一切顺利，用everything“一切”，作主语。故填everything。 Passage 4 watch children after way favourite sport healthy interested hardly need To keep fit, getting children to love sports is good for them. Children 1 at least one hour of activities every day. However, some children 2 ever play sports. They think they’re 3 , so they don’t need to exercise. How can you let your children love sports? Here are a few 4 to help you. Show your children as many 5 as you can. If they’re not 6 in baseball or basketball, you can try other sports, like swimming or running. They will find their 7 one. Watch all kinds of sports games. Letting your children 8 sports games on TV can be a good way. Children may like some sports 9 they see how people play them. Read books and magazines about sports with your 10 . Buy such books and magazines with pictures for them and read every story to them. 【答案】 1. need 2. hardly 3. healthy 4. ways 5. sports 6. interested 7. favourite 8. watch 9. after 10. children 【导语】本文主要讲述了为了保持健康，让孩子们热爱运动对他们是有好处的，并给出了一些帮助孩子们爱上运动的建议。 1. 句意：孩子们每天至少需要一小时的活动。根据“To keep fit, getting children to love sports is good for them.”可知，孩子们每天至少需要一小时的活动，need“需要”，主语是复数，动词用原形。故填need。 2. 句意：然而，有些孩子几乎从不运动。根据“However”可知，此处表示转折，说明有些孩子几乎不运动，hardly ever“几乎不”。故填hardly。 3. 句意：他们认为自己很健康，所以不需要锻炼。根据“so they don’t need to exercise”可知，他们认为自己很健康，healthy“健康的”，形容词作表语。故填healthy。 4. 句意：这里有一些方法可以帮助你。根据“How can you let your children love sports?”可知，此处是介绍一些方法，way“方法”，a few后接名词复数。故填ways。 5. 句意：尽可能多地向你的孩子展示各种运动。根据“If they’re not...in baseball or basketball”可知，此处是指展示各种运动，sport“运动”，many后接名词复数。故填sports。 6. 句意：如果他们对棒球或篮球不感兴趣，你可以尝试其他运动，比如游泳或跑步。根据“you can try other sports”可知，如果对棒球或篮球不感兴趣，可以尝试其他运动，be interested in“对……感兴趣”。故填interested。 7. 句意：他们会找到他们最喜欢的。根据“If they’re not...in baseball or basketball, you can try other sports”可知，此处是指他们会找到最喜欢的运动，favourite“最喜欢的”，形容词修饰名词one。故填favourite。 8. 句意：让你的孩子在电视上看体育比赛是一个好方法。根据“Watch all kinds of sports games.”可知，此处是指在电视上看体育比赛，watch“观看”，let sb do sth“让某人做某事”。故填watch。 9. 句意：孩子们可能会在看到人们如何进行运动后喜欢上一些运动。根据“Children may like some sports...they see how people play them.”可知，此处指孩子们可能会在看到人们如何进行运动后喜欢上一些运动，after“在……之后”，引导时间状语从句。故填after。 10. 句意：和你的孩子一起阅读有关体育的书籍和杂志。根据“Read books and magazines about sports with your”可知，此处是指和你的孩子一起阅读，children“孩子”，此处用复数形式。故填children。 Passage 5 阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。 think  enjoy  storm  since  special  success  while  belong  achieve  danger Last Sunday, my family drove to the mountains. We saw tall trees and beautiful flowers. The sky was blue, and birds were singing. We were 1 the view when suddenly, dark clouds came. A big 2 started! The rain fell heavily like a waterfall. Thunder crashed loudly. We realized we couldn’t go back because the road was too 3 . 4 waiting in the car. Dad told us a story. It was about Yu Gong, an old man who wanted to move two big mountains. Many people said it was impossible, but Yu Gong never gave up. He worked hard to 5 his dream. This story made me 6 of Qomolangma, Like Yu Gong, climbers there never give up even though it is very cold and dangerous. They wear 7 clothes and use oxygen (氧气) to fight against bad weather. Many tried to climb it, but only a few were 8 . China also works hard to protect important places. 9 the 1990s, it has saved many old historical sites (古迹) and animals like pandas. These places are important because they 10 to all people in the world. We must care for them together! 【答案】 1. enjoying 2. storm 3. dangerous 4. While 5. achieve 6. think 7. special 8. successful 9. Since 10. belong 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者一家去山里游玩时突遇暴风雨，在等待过程中爸爸讲述了愚公移山的故事，这个故事让作者联想到攀登珠峰的勇士以及中国为保护重要场所所做的努力。 1. 句意：我们正在欣赏风景，突然乌云来了。根据“We saw tall trees and beautiful flowers. The sky was blue, and birds were singing.”可知，此处描述的是作者一家正在欣赏风景，结合备选词汇，enjoy“欣赏”符合语境，结合空前的“were”可知，此处用过去进行时，其结构为“was/were+动词的现在分词”，故填enjoying。 2. 句意：一场大暴风雨开始了！根据“dark clouds came”以及“The rain fell heavily like a waterfall. Thunder crashed loudly.”可知，此处描述的是暴风雨来了，结合备选词汇，storm“暴风雨”符合语境，结合空前的“A big”可知，此处用单数形式，故填storm。 3. 句意：我们意识到我们不能回去，因为道路太危险了。根据“We realized we couldn’t go back”以及“The rain fell heavily like a waterfall. Thunder crashed loudly.”可知，此处描述的是因为暴风雨太大，道路危险，所以不能回去，结合备选词汇，danger“危险”符合语境，结合空前的“was too”可知，此处用形容词dangerous“危险的”作表语，故填dangerous。 4. 句意：在车里等待的时候，爸爸给我们讲了一个故事。根据“waiting in the car”以及“Dad told us a story”可知，此处描述的是在等待的过程中，爸爸讲故事，结合备选词汇，while“在……期间”符合语境，引导时间状语从句，句首单词首字母大写，故填While。 5. 句意：他努力工作来实现他的梦想。根据“He worked hard to...his dream.”并结合备选词汇可知，此处描述的是努力工作来实现梦想，achieve“实现”符合语境，结合空前的不定式符号“to”可知，此处用动词原形，故填achieve。 6. 句意：这个故事让我想起了珠穆朗玛峰。根据“This story made me...of Qomolangma”并结合备选词汇可知，此处描述的是这个故事让作者想起了珠穆朗玛峰，think of“想起”符合语境，结合空前的“made me”可知，此处用动词原形，故填think。 7. 句意：他们穿着特殊的衣服，用氧气来对抗恶劣的天气。根据“They wear...clothes and use oxygen (氧气) to fight against bad weather.”并结合备选词汇可知，此处描述的是攀登珠峰的勇士们穿着特殊的衣服，special“特殊的”符合语境，此处用形容词special修饰名词clothes，故填special。 8. 句意：许多人试图攀登它，但只有少数人成功。根据“Many tried to climb it. but only a few were...”并结合备选词汇可知，此处描述的是许多人试图攀登珠峰，但只有少数人成功，success“成功”符合语境，结合空前的“were”可知，此处用形容词successful“成功的”作表语，故填successful。 9. 句意：自20世纪90年代以来，它拯救了许多古老的历史遗迹和像熊猫这样的动物。根据“...the 1990s. it has saved many old historical sites (古迹) and animals like pandas.”并结合备选词汇可知，此处描述的是自20世纪90年代以来，中国拯救了许多古老的历史遗迹和动物，since“自从”符合语境，引导时间状语从句，句首首字母大写，故填Since。 10. 句意：这些地方很重要，因为它们属于世界上所有的人。根据“These places are important because they...to all people in the world.”并结合备选词汇可知，此处描述的是这些地方属于世界上所有的人，belong“属于”符合语境，结合语境可知，句子时态为一般现在时，主语they为复数，谓语动词用原形，故填belong。 Passage 6 阅读短文(A)，用方框中所给词或词组填空，使文章通顺、连贯、合理。(每空只能填一个单词或短语，每个单词或短语限用一次) answer, showing, taught, stranger, each other, since, between, others, their, survey “Thank you” is one of the first few phrases (短语) that our English teacher 1 us when we began to learn English. Each time we receive help from 2 , we say “Thank you”. We may say it many times a day. It seems that “Thank you” is very popular among us Chinese students. But is it as popular in the UK? The answer is “no”. According to the 3 , “Thank you” is only the 20th most popular way of expressing gratitude (感激) in the UK. The survey shows that British people like “Cheers” most to express (表达) 4 thanks. For example, when friends invite 5 for a drink after a game, a smile and a “Cheers” may be the best way to say “thanks”. You may often hear the word spoken 6 two good friends. “Great”, “nice one” and “all right” are also popular informal (不正式的) ways of 7 gratitude among friends in the UK. Of course, there are some formal (正式的) ways to say “thanks” among British people. For example, when a 8 is especially helpful, they may say “brilliant” or “much appreciated” to express their gratitude. By the way, how do British people usually 9 “thank you”? They like to say: “You’re welcome.”, “No problem” or “Sure”. 10 you have many more ways to show your thanks, next time you want to say “thank you”, why not try one of these new British phrases? 【答案】 1. taught 2. others 3. survey 4. their 5. each other 6. between 7. showing 8. stranger 9. answer 10. Since 【导语】本文讲述英语短语谢谢的用法，以及在英国表达感谢的不同的表述方式。 1. 句意：我们开始学习英语时，“谢谢”是英语老师教给我们的最初几个短语之一。根据“when we began to learn English”并结合备选词汇可知，此处指“谢谢”是英语老师教给我们的最初几个短语之一。故填taught。 2. 句意：每次我们得到别人的帮助，我们都会说“谢谢”。根据“Each time we receive help from…we say ‘Thank you’.”的句意并结合备选词汇可知，此处指每次我们得到别人的帮助，我们都会说“谢谢”。故填others。 3. 句意：调查显示，“谢谢”在英国最受欢迎的表达感激的方式中仅排在第20位。根据下文“The survey…”可知，此处指调查。故填survey。 4. 句意：调查显示，英国人最喜欢用“干杯”来表达感谢。根据“British people”可知，此处指表达他们的感激之情。故填their。 5. 句意：例如，当朋友们在比赛结束后互相邀请喝酒时，微笑和“干杯”可能是表达“谢谢”的最佳方式。根据“For example, when friends invite…for a drink after a game, a smile and a ‘Cheers’ may be the best way to say ‘thanks’.”的句意并结合备选词汇可知，此处指朋友们在比赛结束后互相邀请喝酒。故填each other。 6. 句意：你可能经常听到两个好朋友之间说这个词。根据空后的“two good friends”并结合备选词汇可知，此处指两个好朋友之间说这个词。故填between。 7. 句意：在英国，“棒极了”、“真不错”和“好的”也是表达朋友之间感激之情的常用非正式表达。根据空后的“gratitude”并结合备选词汇可知，此处指表达感激之情。故填showing。 8. 句意：例如，当一个陌生人特别乐于助人时，他们可能会说“非常棒”或“非常感激”来表达他们的感激之情。分析句子结构可知，此处为从句主语；根据“especially helpful”并结合备选词汇可知，此处指人。故填stranger。 9. 句意：顺便问一下，英国人通常是怎么回答“谢谢”的？根据下文“‘You’re welcome.’, ‘No problem’ or ‘Sure’”并结合备选词汇可知，此处指回答“谢谢”。故填answer。 10. 句意：既然你有很多表达感谢的方式，下次你想说“谢谢”时，为什么不试试这些新的英国短语呢？分析句子结构可知，此处为连词；根据句意可知，此处表示原因，since“既然”符合。故填Since。 14 / 15乐思英语 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $