内容正文:
Unit5
Nature’sTemper
What can we do to prepare for the worst?
单元词汇讲解
interview
【常见搭配】
have an interview (with)
job interview
give an interview
【原文例句】
Listen to the interviews and the weather report.
【中考考点】
一词多性:名词和动词。
相关人物:interviewer(面试官),interviewee(受访者)。
采访;面试 n.;采访;对(某人)进行面试 v.
temper
【常见搭配】
lose one’s temper(发脾气)
have a bad/quick temper(脾气坏/急躁)
keep/control one’s temper(忍住脾气)
in a temper(在发脾气)
【原文例句】
Unit 5 Title: Nature’s Temper(第五单元 大自然的脾气)
【中考考点】
lose one’s temper 是最高频短语,常在完形填空中考查。
temper 作可数名词,但常用单数形式。
脾气;怒气 n.
earthquake
【常见搭配】
an earthquake hits/strikes/rocks(地震袭击)
measure an earthquake(测量地震)
earthquake zone(地震带)
【原文例句】
The town was rocked by an earthquake.
小镇受到地震的剧烈震动。
【中考考点】
自然灾害话题核心词,常与 typhoon, flood 等并列出现。
注意动词搭配:hit/strike/rock。
地震 n.
typhoon
【常见搭配】
a typhoon hits/lands(台风袭击/登陆)
typhoon warning(台风预警)
during a typhoon(在台风期间)
【原文例句】
I was at home when the typhoon hit.
台风来袭的时候,我正待在家里。
【中考考点】
注意与 hurricane(飓风)、cyclone(气旋)的区别(发生地域不同)。
常考动词:hit, land, blow across。
台风 n
snowstorm
【常见搭配】
be caught in a snowstorm(遭遇暴风雪)
a heavy snowstorm(大暴风雪)
【原文例句】
Unfortunately they ran into a snowstorm along the way.
他们不幸在途中遇上了暴风雪。
【中考考点】
复合名词:snow + storm。
影响:导致交通中断、学校停课。
雪暴;暴风雪 n.
wildfire
【常见搭配】
a wildfire breaks out/spreads(野火爆发/蔓延)
put out a wildfire(扑灭野火)
【原文例句】
A wildfire can destroy everything in its way.
一场野火可能会破坏一切。
【中考考点】
复合名词:wild(野外的)+ fire(火)。
常与干燥天气、森林等语境关联。
野火 n.
flood
【常见搭配】
n.serious floods(严重洪灾)
v.be flooded with(被…淹没/充满);flood in(涌入)
【原文例句】
“I heard about the flood in your town.”
【中考考点】
一词多性:名词和动词。
动词用法:既是及物(flood the city)也可是不及物(The river flooded.)。
水灾;洪水 n.;泛滥;淹没 v.
drought
【常见搭配】
a serious/severe drought(严重旱灾)
cause a drought(引起旱灾)
【原文例句】
Week after week the drought continued.
干旱持续了好多个星期。
【中考考点】
与 dry(形容词)区分。
反义词是 flood(洪灾)。
久旱;旱灾 n.
warn
【常见搭配】
warn sb (not) to do sth
warn sb of/about sth
warn sb against (doing) sth
【原文例句】
“Our neighbour warned us about it in time.”
【中考考点】
可接双宾语或宾语从句。
名词形式:warning。
警告;提醒注意 v.
do chores
【常见搭配】
do/household chores
do the chores
share the chores
【原文例句】
“Jiaming was doing chores while my mother was preparing lunch.”
【中考考点】
固定短语,chore 是可数名词,常用复数。
同义表达:do housework(不可数)。
做家务
wave
【常见搭配】
n. sound waves(声波);a big wave(大浪)
v. wave to/at sb;wave goodbye
【原文例句】
“Sometimes there are tall waves and the areas near the coast get flooded.”
【中考考点】
一词多性:名词和动词。
名词可指水波、物理波或情绪波动(a wave of excitement)。
波浪;波;挥手 n.;挥手;挥舞 v.
tsunami
【常见搭配】
a tsunami hits/strikes
tsunami warning
cause a tsunami
【原文例句】
“Typhoons cause tsunamis to happen in some places.”
【中考考点】
通常由海底地震(earthquake under the sea)引发。
海啸 n.
possibly
【常见搭配】
can/could possibly
possibly the best
【原文例句】
Where did the interviews possibly take place?
【中考考点】
副词,表示可能性,语气不确定。
常放在情态动词后,行为动词前。
可能;或许 adv.
report
【常见搭配】
n.a weather/news report
v.report sth to sb;report on sth
【原文例句】
Listen to the interviews and the weather report.
【中考考点】
一词多性:名词和动词。
动词可接动名词或that从句:report doing sth, report that...。
汇报;报道 n. & v.
neighbourhood
【常见搭配】
in the neighbourhood
a quiet neighbourhood
【原文例句】
“After the typhoon, they helped to clean up the neighbourhood.”
【中考考点】
美式拼写:neighborhood;英式:neighbourhood。
同义词:community, area。
街区;临近的地方 n.
roof
【常见搭配】
under one’s roof
a leaking roof
【原文例句】
“...and the roof nearly came off!”
【中考考点】
可数名词,复数:roofs。
相关词:ceiling(天花板,室内顶部)。
屋顶;顶部 n.
nearly
【常见搭配】
nearly all/every
nearly finished
not nearly enough
【原文例句】
“...and the roof nearly came off!”
【中考考点】
副词,常与 almost 互换,但 nearly 不直接修饰 no, never, nothing 等否定词。
几乎;差不多;将近 adv.
trouble
【常见搭配】
n. be in trouble;have trouble (in) doing sth
v. trouble sb to do sth;May I trouble you for...?
【原文例句】
“Did your family have any trouble during the typhoon?”
【中考考点】
不可数名词。
核心句型:have trouble/difficulty (in) doing sth。
苦恼;困难 n.;使忧虑、苦恼;劳驾;麻烦 v.
relative
【常见搭配】
a close/distant relative
visit relatives
【原文例句】
“We were driving home from our relatives’ house...”
【中考考点】
可数名词。
同义词:family member。
亲戚;亲属 n.
truck
【常见搭配】
a delivery truck
truck driver
by truck
【原文例句】
“We almost got into an accident when a truck nearly hit us.”
【中考考点】
同义词:lorry(英式英语)。
卡车 n.
supply
【常见搭配】
n. food/water supplies;in short supply
v. supply sth to sb / supply sb with sth
【原文例句】
Prices change according to supply and demand.
价格根据供应量和需求量而变化。
【中考考点】
一词多性。
名词复数 `supplies` 常指“物资”。
供应(量);补给(品) n.;供应;供给 v.
preparation
【常见搭配】
make preparations (for)
in preparation for
【原文例句】
Did your family make any preparations before the typhoon landed?
【中考考点】
不可数名词(指动作);可数名词(常用复数,指具体工作)。
动词:prepare。
准备(工作);预备 n.
make preparations
【常见搭配】
make preparations for sth
make careful preparations
【原文例句】
Did your family make any preparations before the typhoon landed?
【中考考点】
固定短语,preparation 用复数。
同义表达:prepare for, get ready for。
作准备
power
【常见搭配】
power cut/failure(停电)
solar/wind power
come to power(掌权)
【原文例句】
“The power went out. My father and I made dinner.”
【中考考点】
不可数名词。
一词多义:电力、动力、权力、力量。
电力供应;能量;力量 n.
soundly
【常见搭配】
sleep soundly
beat sb soundly
【原文例句】
“I slept soundly. It rained cats and dogs.”
【中考考点】
副词,常与 sleep 搭配,是描述睡眠质量的高频词。
(睡觉)酣畅地;可靠地;完全彻底地 adv.
thick
【常见搭配】
a thick book
thick hair/fog/smoke
【原文例句】
“...thick black clouds were forming in the sky...”
【中考考点】
形容词,反义词是 thin。
可形容物体、毛发、液体、烟雾等。
厚的;浓密的 adj.
beat
【常见搭配】
beat against(拍打)
beat sb at sth(在某方面击败某人)
heart beat(心跳)
【原文例句】
“...the rain was beating against their roof.”
【中考考点】
不规则动词:beat – beat – beaten。
多义词:击败、敲打、(心脏)跳动。
敲;打 v. (beat, beaten)
hide
【常见搭配】
hide behind/under
hide sth from sb
play hideandseek
【原文例句】
“...they were hiding from an angry lion.”
【中考考点】
不规则动词:hide – hid – hidden。
及物和不及物动词均可。
躲藏;隐蔽 v. (hid, hidden)
tornado
【常见搭配】
a tornado hits/strikes
tornado warning
【原文例句】
“The tornado was scary, but it also brought everyone closer together.”
【中考考点】
可数名词,复数:tornadoes/tornados。
特点:漏斗状、破坏力强、生命周期短。
龙卷风;旋风 n.
out of breath
【常见搭配】
be out of breath(气喘吁吁)
【原文例句】
When I finally reached my classroom, out of breath...
【中考考点】
固定短语。
上气不接下气
rainstorm
【常见搭配】
be caught in a rainstorm(遇上暴风雨)
【原文例句】
Many others were also late because of the rainstorm.
【中考考点】
复合名词:rain + storm。
暴风雨 n.
as a result
【常见搭配】
He worked hard, and as a result, he passed the exam.
【原文例句】
As a result, she said we weren’t having a test after all!
【中考考点】
介词短语,表示结果。
因此
unlucky
【常见搭配】
an unlucky day(倒霉的一天)
【原文例句】
What luck on my unlucky day!
【中考考点】
形容词,反义词是 lucky。
不幸的;不顺利的;不吉利的 adj.
rainy
【常见搭配】
a rainy day(雨天)
the rainy season(雨季)
【原文例句】
Discuss the events of your day with a partner. The words in the box may help you: stormy heavy snow, freezing rainy...
【中考考点】
形容词,由名词 rain 变化而来。
阴雨的;多雨的 adj.
go wrong
【常见搭配】
Something went wrong with the computer.(电脑出问题了。)
【原文例句】
What happened or went wrong because of the bad weather?
【中考考点】
动词短语。
出现问题;发生故障;搞错
heatwave
【常见搭配】
during a heatwave(在热浪期间)
【原文例句】
In August 2022, China experienced a great heatwave, the worst since 1961.
【中考考点】
复合名词:heat + wave。
热浪 n.
since
【常见搭配】
since 2020(自从2020年)
ever since(从那以后一直)
Since you are here, let’s start.(既然你来了,我们开始吧。)
【原文例句】
It has been a long time since I heard my mum sounding so happy!
【中考考点】
与现在完成时连用,表示“自从”。
引导原因状语从句,表示“既然”。
自…以后;从…以来 prep., adv. & conj.;既然;由于 conj.
southwestern
【常见搭配】
southwestern China(中国西南部)
【原文例句】
The heatwave hit the southwestern city of Chongqing very hard.
【中考考点】
复合形容词:south + west + ern。
西南的;西南方向的 adj.
firefighter
【常见搭配】
a brave firefighter(勇敢的消防员)
【原文例句】
Over 5,000 firefighters, police, and volunteers all worked together to keep the people and their homes safe.
【中考考点】
复合名词:fire + fighter。
消防队员 n.
volunteer
【常见搭配】
work as a volunteer(做志愿者)
volunteer to do sth(自愿做某事)
【原文例句】
Over 5,000 firefighters, police, and volunteers all worked together...
【中考考点】
一词多性:名词和动词。
志愿者;自告奋勇者 n.;自愿做;义务做 v.
terribly
【常见搭配】
feel terribly sorry(感到非常抱歉)
terribly wrong(大错特错)
【原文例句】
Last Friday started terribly.
【中考考点】
副词,由形容词 terrible 变化而来。
非常糟地;非常 adv.
alarm
【常见搭配】
fire alarm(火警警报)
set off the alarm(触发警报)
【原文例句】
First, my alarm clock didn’t go off, so I woke up late and had to rush to the bus stop.
【中考考点】
可数名词。
警报(器);惊恐 n.
alarm clock
【常见搭配】
set the alarm clock(设定闹钟)
【原文例句】
First, my alarm clock didn’t go off...
【中考考点】
复合名词。
闹钟
wake up
【常见搭配】
wake up early(早起)
【原文例句】
...so I woke up late and had to rush to the bus stop.
【中考考点】
动词短语。
醒来
go off
【常见搭配】
The alarm went off.(警报响了。)
【原文例句】
First, my alarm clock didn’t go off...
【中考考点】
动词短语。
(警报器等)突然发出巨响
review
【常见搭配】
review the lessons(复习功课)
book review(书评)
【原文例句】
I had a test that morning, so I was reviewing my notes while I was waiting for my bus.
【中考考点】
一词多性:名词和动词。
复习;回顾;复查 v.;回顾;审查 n.
sudden
【常见搭配】
a sudden change(突变)
all of a sudden(突然)
【原文例句】
All of a sudden, thunder rolled across the sky.
【中考考点】
形容词,名词形式是 suddenness。
突然的;骤然的 adj.
all of a sudden
【常见搭配】
All of a sudden, it started to rain.(突然下起雨来。)
【原文例句】
All of a sudden, thunder rolled across the sky.
【中考考点】
固定短语,作状语。
突然;猛地
thunder
【常见搭配】
a clap of thunder(一声雷响)
It’s thundering.(正在打雷。)
【原文例句】
All of a sudden, thunder rolled across the sky.
【中考考点】
一词多性:名词和动词。
雷;雷声 n.;打雷;发出雷鸣般响声 v.
by the time
【常见搭配】
By the time we arrived, the show had started.(我们到的时候,演出已经开始了。)
【原文例句】
By the time the bus came, I was cold and wet.
【中考考点】
引导时间状语从句,主句常用过去完成时或一般过去时。
到…的时候
usual
【常见搭配】
as usual(像往常一样)
the usual time(平常的时间)
【原文例句】
There was a landslide along our usual road.
【中考考点】
形容词,名词形式是 usualness。
通常的;寻常的 adj.
worst
【常见搭配】
the worst day(最糟糕的一天)
worst of all(最糟糕的是)
at (the) worst(在最坏的情况下)
【原文例句】
What is the worst natural disaster you know of?
【中考考点】
bad的最高级形式:bad – worse – worst。
最坏的;最糟的 adj. & adv.
schoolgirl
【常见搭配】
a primary school schoolgirl(小学女生)
【原文例句】
Tilly Smith, a 10-year-old English schoolgirl, and her family were on holiday in Phuket, Thailand.
【中考考点】
复合名词:school + girl。
(学校的)女生 n.
refuse
【常见搭配】
refuse to do sth(拒绝做某事)
【原文例句】
However, Tilly refused to take a single step further.
【中考考点】
动词,后接不定式。
拒绝;退却 v.
security
【常见搭配】
public security(公共安全)
security check(安检)
【原文例句】
Back at the hotel, Tilly’s father told a security guard about the tsunami.
【中考考点】
不可数名词。
安全;保安;保障 n.
guard
【常见搭配】
security guard(保安)
stand guard(站岗)
【原文例句】
Back at the hotel, Tilly’s father told a security guard about the tsunami.
【中考考点】
一词多性:名词和动词。
卫兵;保卫 n.;保卫 v.
security guard
【常见搭配】
work as a security guard
【原文例句】
Back at the hotel, Tilly’s father told a security guard about the tsunami.
【中考考点】
复合名词。
保安人员
nearby
【常见搭配】
a nearby town(附近的小镇)
live nearby(住在附近)
【原文例句】
He knew about the huge earthquake in nearby Indonesia.
【中考考点】
一词多性:形容词和副词。
附近的 adj.;在附近 adv.
scream
【常见搭配】
scream for help(尖叫求救)
scream in fear(害怕地尖叫)
【原文例句】
People were screaming and running as fast as they could when they saw a huge wall of water coming from the sea.
【中考考点】
动词,常与 shout, cry 等词辨析。
尖叫 v.
thankfully
【常见搭配】
Thankfully, no one was hurt.(幸亏没人受伤。)
【原文例句】
Tilly was right! Her mother was one of the last people on the beach, but thankfully, her family made it to safety just as the water hit the hotel.
【中考考点】
副词,用于句首,表达庆幸。
幸亏;感激地 adv.
knowledge
【常见搭配】
have a good knowledge of(对…很了解)
knowledge is power(知识就是力量)
【原文例句】
Thanks to her knowledge and quick thinking, one schoolgirl was able to save over 100 lives.
【中考考点】
不可数名词。
知识;学问 n.
thinking
【常见搭配】
quick thinking(思维敏捷)
critical thinking(批判性思维)
【原文例句】
Thanks to her knowledge and quick thinking, one schoolgirl was able to save over 100 lives.
【中考考点】
不可数名词。
思考;想法 n.
except for
【常见搭配】
The room was empty except for a chair.
【原文例句】
Tilly’s family went back to the hotel, except for her mother.
【中考考点】
介词短语,后接名词或代词。
除……之外
as soon as
【常见搭配】
as soon as possible(尽快)
I’ll call you as soon as I arrive.
【原文例句】
I'll be back as soon as I can.
我会尽快回来。
【中考考点】
引导时间状语从句,从句用一般现在时表将来。
一…就…
hero
【常见搭配】
a national hero(民族英雄)
the hero of the story(故事的主人公)
【原文例句】
Do you think Tilly Smith was a hero?
【中考考点】
可数名词,复数:heroes。
英雄;男主角;偶像 n.
landslide
【常见搭配】
cause a landslide(引发滑坡)
be buried by a landslide(被塌方掩埋)
【原文例句】
There was a landslide along our usual road.
【中考考点】
复合名词:land + slide。
(山坡或悬崖的)滑坡;塌方 n.
safeguard
【常见搭配】
safeguard against(防止…)
a safeguard for safety(安全保护装置)
【原文例句】
The city built walls along the coast to safeguard the buildings near it.
【中考考点】
一词多性:动词和名词。
保护;捍卫 v.;安全设施 n.
floodwater
【常见搭配】
be trapped by floodwater(被洪水围困)
【原文例句】
During the storm, the floodwater nearly reached our windows.
【中考考点】
复合名词:flood + water。
洪水 n.
manpower
【常见搭配】
need more manpower(需要更多人力)
【原文例句】
The rescue workers need more manpower to clear the streets.
【中考考点】
不可数名词。
劳动力;人力 n.
heartbeat
【常见搭配】
a regular heartbeat(规律的心跳)
【原文例句】
The doctor listened to the man’s heartbeat carefully.
【中考考点】
复合名词:heart + beat。
心跳(声) n.
rescue
【常见搭配】
rescue workers(救援人员)
come to the rescue(前来救援)
【原文例句】
They brought more than 1,500 people to safety, and rescued others to stay away from dangerous areas.
【中考考点】
一词多性:名词和动词。
救援 n.;援救;营救 v.
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