Unit 8 Green Earth（A卷·基础巩固）《英语 基础模块2》（高教版第三版）单元过关卷（原卷版+解析版）

编写说明：本套试卷紧扣《英语 基础模块2》（高教版第三版）教材，以教材单元为基准精准覆盖核心考点。 每个单元设置AB卷，A卷为基础巩固卷，侧重基础考点训练，帮助学生扎实掌握知识要点；B卷为能力提升卷，注重知识整合与全面检测，引导学生构建知识网络。全书设计4份综合测试卷，模拟实战情境，聚焦解题能力突破，全面提升应试能力与知识应用水平。 《英语 基础模块2》（高教版第三版）《单元过关卷》 Unit 8 Green Earth A卷·基础巩固 本试卷共61小题，满分150分。考试用时120分钟。 班级 姓名 学号 成绩 Ⅰ．补全对话（5小题，共10分） 阅读下列简短对话，从A、B、C、D中选出最佳答案，将对话补全。 1．— When and where should we start our training program? — ________. After all, you are the captain of our basketball team. A．It’s up to you B．You have no say C．It makes no difference D．You bet 【答案】A 【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——我们应该在何时何地开始我们的训练项目？——由你决定。毕竟，你是我们篮球队的队长。A. It’s up to you由你决定；B. You have no say你没有发言权；C. It makes no difference没有区别；D. You bet当然。根据下文“After all, you are the captain of our basketball team.”可知，因为对方是篮球队的队长，所以训练计划什么时候开始由对方决定。故选A。 2．— Next time you visit Mr. Smith, remember to give him a call in advance. — ________. I will. A．My pleasure B．Good point C．Never mind D．No wonder 【答案】B 【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——下次您去拜访史密斯先生时，请记得提前给他打个电话。——有道理。我会的。A. My pleasure我的荣幸；B. Good point有道理；C. Never mind别介意；D. No wonder难怪。根据后文“I will.”可知，用于赞同别人的建议或观点，用Good point。故选B。 3．—Sorry, I can’t return your book today, because I am only halfway through it. —__________. I have plenty of other books to read. A．Take it easy. B．No wonder. C．Take your time. D．It is up to you. 【答案】C 【详解】考查情景交际。句意：—抱歉，我今天不能还你的书，因为我只读了一半。—慢慢来。我还有很多其他书可以读。A. Take it easy别紧张；放松点；B. No wonder难怪；C. Take your time慢慢来，不用着急；D. It is up to you由你决定。Take your time 与后半句“我有很多其他书可读”逻辑一致，表示对方不必匆忙还书。故选C。 4．—I really can’t thank you enough, sir. — . A．That’s the most I could do. B．With pleasure C．No Problem D．I’m glad to have been of help 【答案】D 【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——先生，我实在太感谢您了。——我很高兴能帮上忙。A. That’s the most I could do. 这已是我能做的极限了；B. With pleasure乐意效劳；C. No Problem没问题；D. I’m glad to have been of help我很高兴能帮上忙。根据上文“I really can’t thank you enough, sir.”可知，回应他人的感谢，应用“我很高兴能帮上忙”。故选D。 5．—I’m traveling to India next Friday. Would you like to tell me about your experiences there? — . Let’s chat about it over there. A．It depends B．By all means C．You’ve got me there D．Good for you 【答案】B 【详解】考查情景交际用语辨析。句意：—— 我下周五要去印度旅行。你愿意跟我讲讲你在那里的经历吗？—— 当然可以。我们去那边聊吧。 A. It depends 视情况而定；B. By all means 当然可以，务必；C. You’ve got me there 你难住我了，我答不上来；D. Good for you 真为你高兴。 由答句后一句“Let’s chat about it over there.（我们去那边聊吧）”可知，说话人愿意分享自己在印度的经历，并非不确定、被难住或仅表达祝贺。By all means 符合语境中“欣然同意”的含义。故选B项。 Ⅱ. 词汇（10小题，共20分） 阅读下列句子，从A、B、C、D中选出句中画线的单词或词组的意义。 6．Planting more flowers and grass can make our city more beautiful and reduce air pollution. A．空气污染 B．水污染 C．噪音污染 D．光污染 【答案】A 【详解】考查名词短语。句意：种植更多的花卉和草坪能够使我们的城市更加美丽，并减少空气污染。名词短语“air pollution”意为“空气污染”，作宾语。故选A。 7．Overfishing has led to a sharp decrease in the number of fish in the ocean. A．过度捕捞 B．人工养殖 C．海水污染 D．气候变化 【答案】A 【详解】考查动名词。句意：过度捕捞导致海洋中鱼类数量急剧减少。动名词“Overfishing”意为“过度捕捞”，作主语。故选A。 8．The government has set up nature reserves to protect endangered wildlife. A．自然保护区 B．工业园区 C．居民区 D．商业区 【答案】A 【详解】考查名词短语。句意：政府已经建立自然保护区来保护濒危野生动物。名词短语“nature reserves”意为“自然保护区”，在句中作宾语。故选A。 9．We should recycle plastic bottles instead of throwing them away. A．丢弃 B．回收 C．购买 D．制造 【答案】B 【详解】考查动词。句意：我们应该回收塑料瓶，而不是把它们扔掉。动词“recycle”意为“回收”，在句中作谓语。故选B。 10．We should not litter in the park to keep it clean. A．打扫 B．乱扔垃圾 C．种植 D．保护 【答案】B 【详解】考查动词词义。句意：我们不应该在公园里乱扔垃圾，以保持公园的清洁。动词“litter”意为“乱扔垃圾”，在句中作谓语。故选B。 11．Many animals are losing their homes because forests are being destroyed. A．保护 B．寻找 C．破坏 D．建造 【答案】C 【详解】考查动词。句意：很多动物因为森林正在被破坏而失去家园。过去分词“destroyed”意为“破坏”，属于现在进行时的被动语态的一部分，作谓语。故选C。 12．Reforestation projects aim to plant more trees in areas where forests have been cut down. A．砍伐森林 B．植树造林 C．城市扩张 D．矿产开采 【答案】B 【详解】考查名词。句意：植树造林项目旨在在森林被砍伐的地区种植更多的树木。名词“Reforestation” 意为“植树造林”，在句中作定语，修饰projects。故选B。 13．Reducing carbon emissions is key to slowing down global warming. A．碳排放 B．垃圾 C．噪音 D．水资源 【答案】A 【详解】考查名词短语。句意：减少碳排放是减缓全球变暖的关键。名词短语“carbon emissions”意为“碳排放”，和“Reducing”一起在句中作主语。故选A。 14．Many people choose to ride bikes to work to reduce traffic and protect the environment. A．破坏 B．保护 C．研究 D．利用 【答案】B 【详解】考查动词。句意：很多人选择骑自行车去上班为了减少交通拥堵和保护环境。及物动词“protect”意为“保护”，作目的状语。故选B。 15．Actually, advertised foods rarely look exactly like the real food they’re selling. A．内部 B．表面上 C．理想中 D．事实上 【答案】D 【详解】考查副词。句意：事实上，广告中的食物很少和他们实际销售的真实食物一模一样。副词“Actually”意为“事实上”，用于引出与普遍认知相反的真实情况。故选D。 Ⅲ. 完形填空（15小题，共30分） 阅读下面短文，并掌握其大意。然后从各题所给的四个选项中，选出一个最佳答案。 “We have experienced such a warm winter this year.” People constantly complain about the unseasonably mild temperatures, and the lack of snowfall nowadays. Watering my plants, removing the weeds and watching my grandchildren run around my vegetable garden, I was filled with joy. They are my 16 to save the earth, I thought. Eight years ago, though, I 17 gave the environment a second thought. Busily working in family day care, and a mum of three, I 18 products without hesitation. Things like throwing out leftover vegetables without care and shopping for fast fashion were part of my everyday 19 . Then, one day in January, I 20 an article online about palm oil (棕榈油), and its 21 effects on our rainforests and wildlife. My husband and I had just changed our 22 then, becoming grandparents.” We need to 23 the world,” I told him. It was not going to be easy, but we 24 to start somewhere. So while doing the shopping, I 25 every label to make sure the product was 26 from palm oil, a leading cause of deforestation. I even started my own vegetable garden and raised chicks. Soon, I became known as Eco Granny! I love walking through my garden, with my little 27 closely following me. It is also 28 to teach my grandchildren to do what I do. They all offer to help pick vegetables. And 29 one lady’s message of “Your post motivated me to make a change”, I more firmly believe if I can go 30 and be an inspiration, anyone can! 16．A．reason B．excuse C．way D．attempt 17．A．subsequently B．thoroughly C．barely D．seriously 18．A．processed B．stored C．wasted D．consumed 19．A．initiatives B．practices C．preferences D．tasks 20．A．wrote down B．figured out C．read out D．came across 21．A．destructive B．temporary C．potential D．positive 22．A．identity B．focus C．image D．position 23．A．rebuild B．better C．enhance D．respect 24．A．arranged B．guaranteed C．demanded D．determined 25．A．checked B．detected C．recorded D．attached 26．A．distinct B．free C．safe D．separate 27．A．customers B．figures C．servants D．shadows 28．A．striking B．necessary C．rewarding D．reasonable 29．A．regardless of B．apart from C．contrary to D．thanks to 30．A．healthy B．green C．practical D．consistent 【答案】 16．A 17．C 18．D 19．B 20．D 21．A 22．A 23．B 24．D 25．A 26．B 27．D 28．C 29．D 30．B 【导语】文章主要讲述了作者从一个不关心环境的人转变为一个环保倡导者，并通过自己的行动影响家人和周围人的故事。 16．考查名词。句意：我想，它们是我拯救地球的理由。A. reason原因；B. excuse借口；C. way方式；D. attempt尝试。根据前文“Watering my plants, removing the weeds and watching my grandchildren run around my vegetable garden, I was filled with joy”和后文“to save the earth”可知，作者在菜园劳作、享受天伦之乐，这些是她坚持环保的原因。 17．考查副词。句意：然而，八年前，我几乎没有考虑过环境问题。A. subsequently随后；B. thoroughly彻底地；C. barely几乎不；D. seriously严肃地。根据后文“gave the environment a second thought. Busily working in family day care, and a mum of three, I ______ products without hesitation. Things like throwing out leftover vegetables without care and shopping for fast fashion were part of my everyday”可知，下文描述过去浪费的生活方式，可知以前很少考虑环境。 18．考查动词。句意：忙于家庭日托工作，又是三个孩子的母亲，我毫不犹豫地消费产品。A. processed加工；B. stored储存；C. wasted浪费；D. consumed消费。根据后文“products without hesitation. Things like throwing out leftover vegetables without care and shopping for fast fashion”可知，后文提到随意丢弃、购买快时尚，作者日常大量消费。 19．考查名词。句意：随意丢弃剩菜、购买快时尚等都是我日常的做法。A. initiatives倡议；B. practices做法；C. preferences偏好；D. tasks任务。根据上文“Things like throwing out leftover vegetables without care and shopping for fast fashion were part of my everyday”可知，此处指长期形成的生活做法。 20．考查动词短语。句意：然后，在一月的一天，我在网上读到一篇关于棕榈油及其对我们雨林和野生动物的破坏性影响的文章。A. wrote down写下；B. figured out弄清楚；C. read out读出；D. came across偶遇。根据后文“an article online about palm oil”可知，作者在网上无意间偶遇这篇文章。 21．考查形容词。句意：然后，在一月的一天，我在网上读到一篇关于棕榈油及其对我们雨林和野生动物的破坏性影响的文章。A. destructive破坏性的；B. temporary暂时的；C. potential潜在的；D. positive积极的。根据后文“effects on our rainforests and wildlife”和“palm oil, a leading cause of deforestation”可知，棕榈油对雨林和野生动物有破坏性的影响。 22．考查名词。句意：那时我和丈夫刚改变了身份，当上了祖父母。A. identity身份；B. focus焦点；C. image形象；D. position位置。根据后文“becoming grandparents”可知，从父母变为祖父母，是身份转变。 23．考查动词。句意：“我们需要让世界变得更好，”我告诉他。A. rebuild重建；B. better改善；C. enhance增强；D. respect尊重。根据后文“the world”以及上文提到棕榈油对环境的破坏可知，作者想要改善世界。 24．考查动词。句意：这并不容易，但我们决定从某个地方开始。A. arranged安排；B. guaranteed保证；C. demanded要求；D. determined决定。根据后文“to start somewhere”可知，作者和丈夫决定从某处开始做起。 25．考查动词。句意：所以在购物的时候，我检查了每一个标签，以确保产品不含棕榈油，棕榈油是森林砍伐的主要原因。A. checked检查；B. detected察觉；C. recorded记录；D. attached附上。根据后文“every label to make sure the product was _____ from palm oil”可知，为了确认成分，会查看商品标签。 26．考查形容词。句意：所以在购物的时候，我检查了每一个标签，以确保产品不含棕榈油，棕榈油是森林砍伐的主要原因。A. distinct不同的；B. free免费的，无……的；C. safe安全的；D. separate分开的。根据后文“from palm oil, a leading cause of deforestation”可知，棕榈油是森林砍伐的主要原因，作者确保产品不含棕榈油，be free from表示“免于，无……的”。 27．考查名词。句意：我喜欢带着我的小影子穿过花园。A. customers顾客；B. figures人物；C. servants仆人；D. shadows影子。根据上文“watching my grandchildren run around my vegetable garden”和“I love walking through my garden, with my little”以及后文“closely following me”可知，作者喜欢带着孙子孙女穿过花园，孙子孙女就像自己的小影子一样跟着自己。 28．考查形容词。句意：教我的孙子孙女像我一样做也是值得的。A. striking显著的；B. necessary必要的；C. rewarding值得的；D. reasonable合理的。根据后文“to teach my grandchildren to do what I do”可知，能够教孩子们自己所做的对环境有益的事情是有意义的。 29．考查固定短语。句意：多亏了一位女士的留言“你的帖子激励我做出改变”，我更坚定地相信，如果我能走向环保并成为榜样，任何人都可以！A. regardless of不管；B. apart from除了；C. contrary to与……相反；D. thanks to多亏。根据后文“one lady’s message of “Your post motivated me to make a change”, I more firmly believe if I can go ______ and be an inspiration, anyone can!”可知，多亏了一位女士的留言，作者更加坚信自己的信念。 30．考查形容词。句意：多亏了一位女士的留言“你的帖子激励我做出改变”，我更坚定地相信，如果我能走向环保并成为榜样，任何人都可以！A. healthy健康的；B. green绿色的；C. practical实际的；D. consistent一致的。根据上文“Soon, I became known as Eco Granny!”可知，作者成为了一名环保人士，go green表示“践行绿色环保”。 Ⅳ. 阅读理解（15小题，共45分） A）阅读下列短文，并做短文后的题目。然后从各题所给的四个选项中，选出能回答所提问题或完成所给句子的最佳答案。 A In the bustling heart of modern cities, where skyscrapers tower overhead and concrete spreads like a vast blanket, urban community gardens have emerged as vibrant oases of green. These small plots of land — nestled between apartment buildings, on rooftop terraces, or in abandoned lots — are more than just places to grow vegetables and flowers; they are powerful connectors of people, cultures, and nature. What began as a simple way to reclaim unused space has evolved into a global movement that enriches both individuals and communities. For city dwellers, community gardens offer a rare chance to reconnect with the natural world. Many urban residents spend their days in offices or apartments, far from the rhythms of growing things. Tending to soil, planting seeds, and watching plants mature provides a therapeutic escape from the stress of city life. Studies have shown that gardening reduces anxiety and improves mental well-being, as the act of nurturing life fosters a sense of purpose and calm. Children, too, benefit greatly — they learn where food comes from, develop a sense of responsibility, and gain hands-on experience with science and nature, lessons that textbooks alone cannot teach. Beyond personal benefits, these gardens strengthen community bonds. Neighbors from diverse backgrounds come together to share tools, exchange gardening tips, and celebrate harvests. Elderly residents pass down traditional farming knowledge, while younger generations bring fresh ideas and energy. In many neighborhoods, garden plots become spaces for cultural exchange, where immigrants grow native plants and share recipes with their neighbors, creating a tapestry of flavors and traditions. During the harvest season, shared feasts bring everyone together, turning acquaintances into friends and building a sense of belonging that is often missing in fast-paced urban environments. Urban community gardens also play a vital role in promoting sustainability. They reduce food miles by providing locally grown produce, cutting down on the carbon emissions associated with transportation. By absorbing rainwater, they help mitigate urban flooding, and their plants improve air quality by filtering pollutants. In areas with limited access to fresh food, these gardens act as community fridges, ensuring that low-income families have access to nutritious vegetables and fruits. As cities face the challenges of climate change and rapid urbanization, community gardens offer a simple yet effective way to build resilience and create more livable spaces. In a world that often feels disconnected, urban community gardens remind us of the power of working together and caring for the earth. They are living proof that even in the busiest cities, a little bit of green can grow into something extraordinary-nurturing not just plants, but people, communities, and a more sustainable future. 31．What is the main purpose of the passage? A．To introduce the history of urban community gardens. B．To explain the multiple values of urban community gardens. C．To discuss the challenges of maintaining urban community gardens. D．To compare urban community gardens with traditional farms. 32．Which of the following is a benefit of urban community gardens for children? A．They can learn traditional farming skills from immigrants. B．They can reduce the carbon emissions of the family. C．They can gain practical experience with science and nature. D．They can organize shared feasts with neighborhood adults. 33．The underlined phrase “food miles” in Paragraph 4 probably refers to _____. A．the distance food travels from production to consumption B．the number of miles people walk to buy fresh food C．the area of land used to grow food in cities D．the time it takes for food to ripen in gardens 34．We can infer from the passage that urban community gardens _____. A．are mainly built on rooftop terraces in big cities B．help improve the social connection in urban areas C．have solved the problem of food shortage for low-income families D．require professional gardening knowledge to maintain 35．What is the author’s attitude towards urban community gardens? A．Critical. B．Doubtful. C．Neutral. D．Supportive. 【答案】31．B 32．C 33．A 34．B 35．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了城市社区花园的多重价值，包括对个人、社区和可持续发展的益处。 31．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是根据第一段“In the bustling heart of modern cities, where skyscrapers tower overhead and concrete spreads like a vast blanket, urban community gardens have emerged as vibrant oases of green. These small plots of land — nestled between apartment buildings, on rooftop terraces, or in abandoned lots — are more than just places to grow vegetables and flowers; they are powerful connectors of people, cultures, and nature. What began as a simple way to reclaim unused space has evolved into a global movement that enriches both individuals and communities.(在现代都市繁华的中心，摩天大楼高耸入云，水泥地面如巨毯般铺展，都市社区花园已然成为充满生机的绿色绿洲。这些小块土地 —— 依偎在公寓楼之间、屋顶露台之上，或是废弃地块之中 —— 不仅仅是种植蔬菜和花卉的场所；它们更是连接人与人、文化与文化、人类与自然的强力纽带。从最初简单地改造闲置空间，到如今已发展成一场让个人与社区共同受益的全球性运动。)”可知，文章首先介绍了城市社区花园的出现，接着分别阐述了城市社区花园对个人的益处（如缓解压力、提升心理健康、教育孩子等）、对社区的益处（如加强社区联系、促进文化交流等）以及对可持续发展的作用（如减少食物运输距离、缓解城市洪水、改善空气质量等）。因此，文章的主要目的是解释城市社区花园的多重价值。故选B。 32．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Children, too, benefit greatly — they learn where food comes from, develop a sense of responsibility, and gain hands-on experience with science and nature, lessons that textbooks alone cannot teach.(孩子们也受益匪浅——他们了解食物的来源，培养责任感，并获得科学和自然的实践经验，这些是课本无法单独传授的课程。)”可知，城市社区花园对孩子们的益处之一是让他们获得科学和自然的实践经验。故选C。 33．词句猜测题。根据第四段中“They reduce food miles by providing locally grown produce, cutting down on the carbon emissions associated with transportation.(它们通过提供本地种植的农产品来减少food miles，从而减少与运输相关的碳排放。)”可知，减少与运输相关的碳排放，即食物从生产到消费所经过的距离减少。因此，food miles指的是食物从生产到消费的距离。故选A。 34．推理判断题。根据第三段中“Beyond personal benefits, these gardens strengthen community bonds. Neighbors from diverse backgrounds come together to share tools, exchange gardening tips, and celebrate harvests.(除了个人益处外，这些花园还加强了社区联系。来自不同背景的邻居聚在一起分享工具、交流园艺技巧、庆祝丰收。)”以及“During the harvest season, shared feasts bring everyone together, turning acquaintances into friends and building a sense of belonging that is often missing in fast-paced urban environments.(在收获季节，共享的盛宴将大家聚集在一起，将熟人变成朋友，并建立起一种在快节奏的城市环境中常常缺失的归属感。)”可知，城市社区花园有助于改善城市地区的社会联系。故选B。 35．推理判断题。根据最后一段“In a world that often feels disconnected, urban community gardens remind us of the power of working together and caring for the earth. They are living proof that even in the busiest cities, a little bit of green can grow into something extraordinary-nurturing not just plants, but people, communities, and a more sustainable future.(在一个常常感觉脱节的世界里，城市社区花园提醒我们合作和关爱地球的力量。它们是活生生的证明，即使在最繁忙的城市里，一点点绿色也能成长为非凡的东西——不仅滋养植物，还滋养人们、社区和更可持续的未来。)”可知，作者对城市社区花园持支持态度。故选D。 B Taiwan was once known as “Garbage Island”. Now it is a word leader which recycles more than half of its waste in business that brings in over $2 billion a year. In 1993, Taiwan was filled with garbage. There was almost no recycling. Two thirds of its landfills were full. Around 20% of the island’s garbage was dumped (丢弃). The rest was either buried in a landfill, or burned, leaving the island in an unpleasant and unhealthy situation. In 1998, the government took action. Their plan affected companies that made products or brought them into Taiwan. These companies were required to take care of their own waste, or to pay the government to do it. The government used the money it collected to improve recycling in the area. Taiwan gave away as much as $6 billion a year to help recycling companies. Ordinary people had apart, too. The government created a plan called Pay As You Throw. People were required to separate their waste into two groups-garbage, and things that are recyclable or reusable. Recycling is free, but people have to buy special blue bags to throw things away. People quickly began to recycle more. The government also made it easy for people to deal with their waste. Yellow garbage trucks come around often. To let people know they’re coming, they play music. People can also track (追踪) the garbage trucks by using a smartphone app. 36．Recycling garbage can bring Taiwan ________ a year. A．$1 billion B．$2 billion C．$4 billion D．$6 billion 37．In Taiwan, ________ of the garbage was buried or burned in 1993. A．56% B．66% C．70% D．80% 38．If a company makes lots of garbage, the government will ________. A．ask the company to leave Taiwan B．ask the company to build landfills C．ask the company to pay for the garbage D．ask the company to sell it out 39．People can track the garbage truck by ________. A．using blue bags B．playing music C．using a phone app D．separating the waste 40．From the passage, we may know that ________. A．people are smart in Taiwan B．garbage makes Taiwan rich C．Taiwan needs more landfills D．recycling works well in Taiwan 【答案】36．B 37．D 38．C 39．C 40．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了台湾的垃圾回收情况以及采取的措施。 36．细节理解题。根据第一段“Now it is a word leader which recycles more than half of its waste in business that brings in over $2 billion a year.”（现在它是世界上的领导者，回收了一半以上的废物，每年带来超过20亿美元的收入。）可知，台湾每年通过垃圾回收带来超过20亿美元的收入。故选B。 37．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Around 20% of the island's garbage was dumped (丢弃). The rest was either buried in a landfill, or burned”（岛上大约20%的垃圾被倾倒。其余的要么被埋在垃圾填埋场，要么被焚烧）可知，1993年台湾的垃圾有80%被填埋或焚烧。故选D。 38．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“These companies were required to take care of their own waste, or to pay the government to do it.”（这些公司被要求处理自己的废物，或者付钱给政府。）可知，如果公司产生大量垃圾，政府会要求公司支付处理垃圾的费用。故选C。 39．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“People can also track (追踪) the garbage trucks by using a smartphone app.”（人们还可以通过使用智能手机应用程序来跟踪垃圾车。）可知，人们可以通过手机应用程序追踪垃圾车。故选C。 40．推理判断题。根据第一段“Taiwan was once known as “Garbage Island”. Now it is a word leader which recycles more than half of its waste in business that brings in over $2 billion a year.”（台湾曾被称为“垃圾岛”。现在它是世界上的领导者，回收了一半以上的废物，每年带来超过20亿美元的收入。）可知，台湾的垃圾回收工作进行得很好，取得了显著成效。故选D。 B）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空格处的最佳选项。 Most of us know that we must take care of the earth, and try to save energy and reduce waste and pollution. But what should we start with? 41 . · 42 . Plastic bags cause rubbish and are a danger to wild animals. So it is a good idea to take a reusable bag when you go shopping.· Remove the plug (插头) from its power supply. When you turn off a TV, 43 . Make sure the TV is off its plug.· Keep your shower time short. It is believed that taking a shower needs less water than having a bath. In fact, if you spend more than 8 minutes in a shower, you will use as much water. 44 .· Do not just choose local food. It seems that eating local food is better for the environment, because it does not need to be transported (运输) long distances. 45 . Not the transport, but the production of food, uses most of the energy. A．it still uses power B．Avoid using plastic bags C．Unluckily, it is not that simple D．Here are four useful suggestions E．Time is the most important factor 【答案】41．D 42．B 43．A 44．E 45．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章给出了几条生活中减少能源浪费和污染的建议。 41．根据上文“Most of us know that we must take care of the earth, and try to save energy and reduce waste and pollution. But what should we start with?(我们大多数人都知道我们必须爱护地球，努力节约能源，减少浪费和污染。但是我们应该从什么开始呢？)”以及文后的内容讲述的是减少能源浪费的具体措施。本句应该是承上启下的过渡句，引出后文的具体建议。故D选项“这里有四条有用的建议”符合语境，故选D。 42．根据本段内容“Plastic bags cause rubbish and are a danger to wild animals. So it is a good idea to take a reusable bag when you go shopping.(塑料袋产生垃圾，对野生动物是一种危险。所以当你去购物的时候带一个可重复使用的袋子是个好主意)”可知，本段的建议不使用塑料袋，故B选项“避免使用塑料袋”符合语境，故选B。 43．根据标题“· Remove the plug (插头) from its power supply.(从电源上拔下插头)”、上文“When you turn off a TV(当你关掉电视的时候)”以及后文“Make sure the TV is off its plug.(确保把电视插头拔掉)”可知，不拔掉电器插头有弊端，只关掉电视开关，电视还在耗电，A选项正好讲的是不拔掉插头的弊端。故A选项“它仍然使用电力”符合语境，故选A。 44．根据上文“It is believed that taking a shower needs less water than having a bath. In fact, if you spend more than 8 minutes in a shower, you will use as much water.(人们认为淋浴比泡澡需要更少的水。事实上，如果你洗澡的时间超过8分钟，你就会用掉同样多的水)”可知，此句前面讲的是淋浴时间超过8分钟就不省水，所以省不省水关键在于时间，故E选项“时间是最重要的因素”符合语境，故选E。 45．根据上文“It seems that eating local food is better for the environment, because it does not need to be transported (运输) long distances.(吃当地的食物似乎对环境更好，因为它不需要长途运输)”以及后文“Not the transport, but the production of food, uses most of the energy.(消耗大部分能源的不是运输，而是食物的生产)”可知，此处前后有转折意味，前面说缩短运输距离就节省能源，而后面是对前面的否定，故C选项“不幸的是，事情没那么简单”符合语境，故选C。 Ⅴ. 语法填空（10小题，共20分） If you live in Shanghai, you might have to take a lesson in sorting garbage. 46 is now required to do is that people should sort garbage into four categories. However, if people fail to sort their garbage as required, they can 47 (fine) up to 200 Yuan. More cities are introducing similar regulations, 48 (follow) the practice in Shanghai. However, garbage sorting is still a big problem in China. Only 30% of the participants think they are 49 (proper) sorting their trash. It’s partly because many people lack their 50 (willing) to sort their own waste. It’s 51 must to have a legal guarantee 52 (promote) garbage sorting, said Liu Jiangbo, a professor from Tsinghua University. Apart from China, many other foreign countries also 53 (introduce) garbagesorting regulations in the past years. In Japan, waste sorting has become a basic survival skill. There is a 54 (fix) time for the disposal (回收) of each kind of garbage and littering can result 55 high fines and even jail time. Over 90% of the public believe that garbage sorting is important for the protection of environment. 【答案】 46．What 47．be fined 48．following 49．properly 50．willingness 51．a 52．to promote 53．have introduced 54．fixed 55．in 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国垃圾分类的现状及垃圾分类的重要性。 46．考查主语从句。句意：现在需要做的第一件事就是人们应该把垃圾分成四类。分析句子结构可知，“___1____ is now required to do”是主语从句，从句缺主语，指代“要做的事情”，故用连接代词what引导。故填What。 47．考查被动语态。句意：然而，如果人们没有按照要求进行垃圾分类，他们将被处以最高200元的罚款。根据“can”可知，空处需填动词原形，“they”和“fine”之间是被动关系，此处为含情态动词的被动语态，故填be fined。 48．考查非谓语动词。句意：更多的城市也在效仿上海的做法，推出类似的规定。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词“are introducing”，故空处需填非谓语动词，“More cities”和“follow”之间是主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故填following。 49．考查副词。句意：只有30%的参与者认为他们对垃圾进行了适当的分类。根据“sorting their trash”可知，空处需填副词作状语修饰动词。故填properly。 50．考查名词。句意：部分原因是许多人缺乏自己分类垃圾的意愿。根据 “their”可知，空处需填名词，willingness作名词，表示“意愿”，是不可数名词。故填willingness。 51．考查冠词。句意：清华大学教授刘江波表示，必须有法律保障来促进垃圾分类。根据“must”可知，空处需填冠词修饰名词，此处泛指“一件必须的事”，且该词的发音以辅音音素开头，故用不定冠词a。故填a。 52．考查非谓语动词。句意：清华大学教授刘江波表示，必须有法律保障来促进垃圾分类。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词“is”，故空处需填非谓语动词，此处作目的状语，应用动词不定式。故填to promote。 53．考查时态。句意：除中国外，许多其他国家在过去几年也出台了垃圾分类规定。分析句子结构可知，空处缺谓语动词，时间状语是“in the past years”，故用现在完成时。主语是复数，故填have introduced。 54．考查形容词。句意：每种垃圾都有固定的处理时间，乱扔垃圾可能会被处以高额罚款，甚至入狱。根据“time”可知，空处需填形容词，fixed表示“固定的”，符合句意。故填fixed。 55．考查介词。句意：每种垃圾都有固定的处理时间，乱扔垃圾可能会被处以高额罚款，甚至入狱。result in表示“导致”，符合句意。故填in。 Ⅵ. 完成句子（5小题，共15分） 根据所给汉语提示，完成英语句子。 56．就是在这条街上，那个女孩失踪了。（根据中文句意完句 ） ________________ the girl was missing. 【答案】It was in the street that 【详解】考查介词短语和强调句。“在这条街上”短语为“in the street”，根据句意可知此句用强调句式，英语中强调地点状语的强调句结构为“It is/was +被强调部分（地点状语）+ that + 其他部分”。根据“was missing”可知，句子时态为过去时态，所以用was。句首首字母大写。故答案为It was in the street that。 57．To begin with, we should plant more trees and __________. 首先，我们应该多种树，阻止工厂倾倒污水。 【答案】stop factories from pouring waste 【详解】考查动词短语。分析句子可知，空处表达“阻止工厂倾倒污水”。“阻止某人/物做某事”：stop sb/sth from doing sth，工厂：factories，名词复数表泛指， 倾倒污水：pouring waste，介词from后接动名词词形，空处位于情态动词should后stop应用动词原形。故填stop factories from pouring waste。 58．________ all the novelists held a meeting yesterday. 昨天所有的小说家就是在城里开的会。 【答案】It was in the city that 【详解】 考查强调句。根据“yesterday”可知，此句时态为一般过去时；分析句子可知，此句被强调部分是“in the city (在城里)”，应是强调句型“it was+被强调部分+that”。故答案为：It was in the city that。 59．正是直到现在我才意识到保护环境的重要性。（根据中文句意完句） It ________ ________ until now that I realized the importance of protecting the environment. 【答案】 was not 【详解】考查强调句。强调句的基本结构为“It is/was +被强调部分+ that +其他部分”。当强调“直到…… 才……”时，常用not until的强调形式，即“It is/was not until +时间状语（从句）+that +主句（肯定形式）”。  从句“that I realized...”中“realized”为一般过去时，故强调句的系动词用was。故答案为was not。 60．如果我们都参加了，我们将能够创造奇迹。 If we all ________ ________ it, we will be able to make wonders. 【答案】 join in 【详解】考查动词短语。“参加（活动等）”用“join in”，在 if 引导的条件状语从句中，遵循“主将从现”原则，即主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时，从句主语we是第一人称复数，所以join用原形。故填join；in。 Ⅶ. 应用写作（1小题，共10分） 61.【写作内容】假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Paul 来邮件询问你参加环境保护的志愿者活动情况，请回邮件分享具体内容和活动感想。 【写作要求】正文约40个英文单词，文中不可出现你自己的真实姓名、学校等信息。 【评分标准】信息完整，语言规范，语篇连贯。 Dear Paul, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】例文： Dear Paul. I’m happy to share my environmental protection volunteer activity with you. Last Saturday morning, we went to the city park. We collected trash on the grass and told people how to sort waste into different bins. This activity made me know that protecting the environment is really important. I want to do more such things in the future. Yours, Li Hua 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文（书信），写作主题是李华给英国笔友 Paul 回复邮件，分享自己参加环境保护志愿者活动的具体内容与活动感想。 【详解】1.词汇积累： 环境保护：environmental protection→environmental conservation 收集：collect→gather 垃圾分类：sort waste→classify garbage 重要的：important→significant 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Last Saturday morning, we went to the city park. 拓展句：Last Saturday morning, we went to the city park where we did some environmental protection work. 【点睛】【高分句型1】I’m happy to share my environmental protection volunteer activity with you. (运用了“be + 形容词 + to do”句型) 【高分句型2】This activity made me know that protecting the environment is really important. (运用了宾语从句) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 ( 1 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 编写说明：本套试卷紧扣《英语 基础模块2》（高教版第三版）教材，以教材单元为基准精准覆盖核心考点。 每个单元设置AB卷，A卷为基础巩固卷，侧重基础考点训练，帮助学生扎实掌握知识要点；B卷为能力提升卷，注重知识整合与全面检测，引导学生构建知识网络。全书设计4份综合测试卷，模拟实战情境，聚焦解题能力突破，全面提升应试能力与知识应用水平。 《英语 基础模块2》（高教版第三版）《单元过关卷》 Unit 8 Green Earth A卷·基础巩固 本试卷共61小题，满分150分。考试用时120分钟。 班级 姓名 学号 成绩 Ⅰ．补全对话（5小题，共10分） 阅读下列简短对话，从A、B、C、D中选出最佳答案，将对话补全。 1．— When and where should we start our training program? — ________. After all, you are the captain of our basketball team. A．It’s up to you B．You have no say C．It makes no difference D．You bet 【答案】A 【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——我们应该在何时何地开始我们的训练项目？——由你决定。毕竟，你是我们篮球队的队长。A. It’s up to you由你决定；B. You have no say你没有发言权；C. It makes no difference没有区别；D. You bet当然。根据下文“After all, you are the captain of our basketball team.”可知，因为对方是篮球队的队长，所以训练计划什么时候开始由对方决定。故选A。 2．— Next time you visit Mr. Smith, remember to give him a call in advance. — ________. I will. A．My pleasure B．Good point C．Never mind D．No wonder 【答案】B 【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——下次您去拜访史密斯先生时，请记得提前给他打个电话。——有道理。我会的。A. My pleasure我的荣幸；B. Good point有道理；C. Never mind别介意；D. No wonder难怪。根据后文“I will.”可知，用于赞同别人的建议或观点，用Good point。故选B。 3．—Sorry, I can’t return your book today, because I am only halfway through it. —__________. I have plenty of other books to read. A．Take it easy. B．No wonder. C．Take your time. D．It is up to you. 【答案】C 【详解】考查情景交际。句意：—抱歉，我今天不能还你的书，因为我只读了一半。—慢慢来。我还有很多其他书可以读。A. Take it easy别紧张；放松点；B. No wonder难怪；C. Take your time慢慢来，不用着急；D. It is up to you由你决定。Take your time 与后半句“我有很多其他书可读”逻辑一致，表示对方不必匆忙还书。故选C。 4．—I really can’t thank you enough, sir. — . A．That’s the most I could do. B．With pleasure C．No Problem D．I’m glad to have been of help 【答案】D 【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——先生，我实在太感谢您了。——我很高兴能帮上忙。A. That’s the most I could do. 这已是我能做的极限了；B. With pleasure乐意效劳；C. No Problem没问题；D. I’m glad to have been of help我很高兴能帮上忙。根据上文“I really can’t thank you enough, sir.”可知，回应他人的感谢，应用“我很高兴能帮上忙”。故选D。 5．—I’m traveling to India next Friday. Would you like to tell me about your experiences there? — . Let’s chat about it over there. A．It depends B．By all means C．You’ve got me there D．Good for you 【答案】B 【详解】考查情景交际用语辨析。句意：—— 我下周五要去印度旅行。你愿意跟我讲讲你在那里的经历吗？—— 当然可以。我们去那边聊吧。 A. It depends 视情况而定；B. By all means 当然可以，务必；C. You’ve got me there 你难住我了，我答不上来；D. Good for you 真为你高兴。 由答句后一句“Let’s chat about it over there.（我们去那边聊吧）”可知，说话人愿意分享自己在印度的经历，并非不确定、被难住或仅表达祝贺。By all means 符合语境中“欣然同意”的含义。故选B项。 Ⅱ. 词汇（10小题，共20分） 阅读下列句子，从A、B、C、D中选出句中画线的单词或词组的意义。 6．Planting more flowers and grass can make our city more beautiful and reduce air pollution. A．空气污染 B．水污染 C．噪音污染 D．光污染 【答案】A 【详解】考查名词短语。句意：种植更多的花卉和草坪能够使我们的城市更加美丽，并减少空气污染。名词短语“air pollution”意为“空气污染”，作宾语。故选A。 7．Overfishing has led to a sharp decrease in the number of fish in the ocean. A．过度捕捞 B．人工养殖 C．海水污染 D．气候变化 【答案】A 【详解】考查动名词。句意：过度捕捞导致海洋中鱼类数量急剧减少。动名词“Overfishing”意为“过度捕捞”，作主语。故选A。 8．The government has set up nature reserves to protect endangered wildlife. A．自然保护区 B．工业园区 C．居民区 D．商业区 【答案】A 【详解】考查名词短语。句意：政府已经建立自然保护区来保护濒危野生动物。名词短语“nature reserves”意为“自然保护区”，在句中作宾语。故选A。 9．We should recycle plastic bottles instead of throwing them away. A．丢弃 B．回收 C．购买 D．制造 【答案】B 【详解】考查动词。句意：我们应该回收塑料瓶，而不是把它们扔掉。动词“recycle”意为“回收”，在句中作谓语。故选B。 10．We should not litter in the park to keep it clean. A．打扫 B．乱扔垃圾 C．种植 D．保护 【答案】B 【详解】考查动词词义。句意：我们不应该在公园里乱扔垃圾，以保持公园的清洁。动词“litter”意为“乱扔垃圾”，在句中作谓语。故选B。 11．Many animals are losing their homes because forests are being destroyed. A．保护 B．寻找 C．破坏 D．建造 【答案】C 【详解】考查动词。句意：很多动物因为森林正在被破坏而失去家园。过去分词“destroyed”意为“破坏”，属于现在进行时的被动语态的一部分，作谓语。故选C。 12．Reforestation projects aim to plant more trees in areas where forests have been cut down. A．砍伐森林 B．植树造林 C．城市扩张 D．矿产开采 【答案】B 【详解】考查名词。句意：植树造林项目旨在在森林被砍伐的地区种植更多的树木。名词“Reforestation” 意为“植树造林”，在句中作定语，修饰projects。故选B。 13．Reducing carbon emissions is key to slowing down global warming. A．碳排放 B．垃圾 C．噪音 D．水资源 【答案】A 【详解】考查名词短语。句意：减少碳排放是减缓全球变暖的关键。名词短语“carbon emissions”意为“碳排放”，和“Reducing”一起在句中作主语。故选A。 14．Many people choose to ride bikes to work to reduce traffic and protect the environment. A．破坏 B．保护 C．研究 D．利用 【答案】B 【详解】考查动词。句意：很多人选择骑自行车去上班为了减少交通拥堵和保护环境。及物动词“protect”意为“保护”，作目的状语。故选B。 15．Actually, advertised foods rarely look exactly like the real food they’re selling. A．内部 B．表面上 C．理想中 D．事实上 【答案】D 【详解】考查副词。句意：事实上，广告中的食物很少和他们实际销售的真实食物一模一样。副词“Actually”意为“事实上”，用于引出与普遍认知相反的真实情况。故选D。 Ⅲ. 完形填空（15小题，共30分） 阅读下面短文，并掌握其大意。然后从各题所给的四个选项中，选出一个最佳答案。 “We have experienced such a warm winter this year.” People constantly complain about the unseasonably mild temperatures, and the lack of snowfall nowadays. Watering my plants, removing the weeds and watching my grandchildren run around my vegetable garden, I was filled with joy. They are my 16 to save the earth, I thought. Eight years ago, though, I 17 gave the environment a second thought. Busily working in family day care, and a mum of three, I 18 products without hesitation. Things like throwing out leftover vegetables without care and shopping for fast fashion were part of my everyday 19 . Then, one day in January, I 20 an article online about palm oil (棕榈油), and its 21 effects on our rainforests and wildlife. My husband and I had just changed our 22 then, becoming grandparents.” We need to 23 the world,” I told him. It was not going to be easy, but we 24 to start somewhere. So while doing the shopping, I 25 every label to make sure the product was 26 from palm oil, a leading cause of deforestation. I even started my own vegetable garden and raised chicks. Soon, I became known as Eco Granny! I love walking through my garden, with my little 27 closely following me. It is also 28 to teach my grandchildren to do what I do. They all offer to help pick vegetables. And 29 one lady’s message of “Your post motivated me to make a change”, I more firmly believe if I can go 30 and be an inspiration, anyone can! 16．A．reason B．excuse C．way D．attempt 17．A．subsequently B．thoroughly C．barely D．seriously 18．A．processed B．stored C．wasted D．consumed 19．A．initiatives B．practices C．preferences D．tasks 20．A．wrote down B．figured out C．read out D．came across 21．A．destructive B．temporary C．potential D．positive 22．A．identity B．focus C．image D．position 23．A．rebuild B．better C．enhance D．respect 24．A．arranged B．guaranteed C．demanded D．determined 25．A．checked B．detected C．recorded D．attached 26．A．distinct B．free C．safe D．separate 27．A．customers B．figures C．servants D．shadows 28．A．striking B．necessary C．rewarding D．reasonable 29．A．regardless of B．apart from C．contrary to D．thanks to 30．A．healthy B．green C．practical D．consistent 【答案】 16．A 17．C 18．D 19．B 20．D 21．A 22．A 23．B 24．D 25．A 26．B 27．D 28．C 29．D 30．B 【导语】文章主要讲述了作者从一个不关心环境的人转变为一个环保倡导者，并通过自己的行动影响家人和周围人的故事。 16．考查名词。句意：我想，它们是我拯救地球的理由。A. reason原因；B. excuse借口；C. way方式；D. attempt尝试。根据前文“Watering my plants, removing the weeds and watching my grandchildren run around my vegetable garden, I was filled with joy”和后文“to save the earth”可知，作者在菜园劳作、享受天伦之乐，这些是她坚持环保的原因。 17．考查副词。句意：然而，八年前，我几乎没有考虑过环境问题。A. subsequently随后；B. thoroughly彻底地；C. barely几乎不；D. seriously严肃地。根据后文“gave the environment a second thought. Busily working in family day care, and a mum of three, I ______ products without hesitation. Things like throwing out leftover vegetables without care and shopping for fast fashion were part of my everyday”可知，下文描述过去浪费的生活方式，可知以前很少考虑环境。 18．考查动词。句意：忙于家庭日托工作，又是三个孩子的母亲，我毫不犹豫地消费产品。A. processed加工；B. stored储存；C. wasted浪费；D. consumed消费。根据后文“products without hesitation. Things like throwing out leftover vegetables without care and shopping for fast fashion”可知，后文提到随意丢弃、购买快时尚，作者日常大量消费。 19．考查名词。句意：随意丢弃剩菜、购买快时尚等都是我日常的做法。A. initiatives倡议；B. practices做法；C. preferences偏好；D. tasks任务。根据上文“Things like throwing out leftover vegetables without care and shopping for fast fashion were part of my everyday”可知，此处指长期形成的生活做法。 20．考查动词短语。句意：然后，在一月的一天，我在网上读到一篇关于棕榈油及其对我们雨林和野生动物的破坏性影响的文章。A. wrote down写下；B. figured out弄清楚；C. read out读出；D. came across偶遇。根据后文“an article online about palm oil”可知，作者在网上无意间偶遇这篇文章。 21．考查形容词。句意：然后，在一月的一天，我在网上读到一篇关于棕榈油及其对我们雨林和野生动物的破坏性影响的文章。A. destructive破坏性的；B. temporary暂时的；C. potential潜在的；D. positive积极的。根据后文“effects on our rainforests and wildlife”和“palm oil, a leading cause of deforestation”可知，棕榈油对雨林和野生动物有破坏性的影响。 22．考查名词。句意：那时我和丈夫刚改变了身份，当上了祖父母。A. identity身份；B. focus焦点；C. image形象；D. position位置。根据后文“becoming grandparents”可知，从父母变为祖父母，是身份转变。 23．考查动词。句意：“我们需要让世界变得更好，”我告诉他。A. rebuild重建；B. better改善；C. enhance增强；D. respect尊重。根据后文“the world”以及上文提到棕榈油对环境的破坏可知，作者想要改善世界。 24．考查动词。句意：这并不容易，但我们决定从某个地方开始。A. arranged安排；B. guaranteed保证；C. demanded要求；D. determined决定。根据后文“to start somewhere”可知，作者和丈夫决定从某处开始做起。 25．考查动词。句意：所以在购物的时候，我检查了每一个标签，以确保产品不含棕榈油，棕榈油是森林砍伐的主要原因。A. checked检查；B. detected察觉；C. recorded记录；D. attached附上。根据后文“every label to make sure the product was _____ from palm oil”可知，为了确认成分，会查看商品标签。 26．考查形容词。句意：所以在购物的时候，我检查了每一个标签，以确保产品不含棕榈油，棕榈油是森林砍伐的主要原因。A. distinct不同的；B. free免费的，无……的；C. safe安全的；D. separate分开的。根据后文“from palm oil, a leading cause of deforestation”可知，棕榈油是森林砍伐的主要原因，作者确保产品不含棕榈油，be free from表示“免于，无……的”。 27．考查名词。句意：我喜欢带着我的小影子穿过花园。A. customers顾客；B. figures人物；C. servants仆人；D. shadows影子。根据上文“watching my grandchildren run around my vegetable garden”和“I love walking through my garden, with my little”以及后文“closely following me”可知，作者喜欢带着孙子孙女穿过花园，孙子孙女就像自己的小影子一样跟着自己。 28．考查形容词。句意：教我的孙子孙女像我一样做也是值得的。A. striking显著的；B. necessary必要的；C. rewarding值得的；D. reasonable合理的。根据后文“to teach my grandchildren to do what I do”可知，能够教孩子们自己所做的对环境有益的事情是有意义的。 29．考查固定短语。句意：多亏了一位女士的留言“你的帖子激励我做出改变”，我更坚定地相信，如果我能走向环保并成为榜样，任何人都可以！A. regardless of不管；B. apart from除了；C. contrary to与……相反；D. thanks to多亏。根据后文“one lady’s message of “Your post motivated me to make a change”, I more firmly believe if I can go ______ and be an inspiration, anyone can!”可知，多亏了一位女士的留言，作者更加坚信自己的信念。 30．考查形容词。句意：多亏了一位女士的留言“你的帖子激励我做出改变”，我更坚定地相信，如果我能走向环保并成为榜样，任何人都可以！A. healthy健康的；B. green绿色的；C. practical实际的；D. consistent一致的。根据上文“Soon, I became known as Eco Granny!”可知，作者成为了一名环保人士，go green表示“践行绿色环保”。 Ⅳ. 阅读理解（15小题，共45分） A）阅读下列短文，并做短文后的题目。然后从各题所给的四个选项中，选出能回答所提问题或完成所给句子的最佳答案。 A In the bustling heart of modern cities, where skyscrapers tower overhead and concrete spreads like a vast blanket, urban community gardens have emerged as vibrant oases of green. These small plots of land — nestled between apartment buildings, on rooftop terraces, or in abandoned lots — are more than just places to grow vegetables and flowers; they are powerful connectors of people, cultures, and nature. What began as a simple way to reclaim unused space has evolved into a global movement that enriches both individuals and communities. For city dwellers, community gardens offer a rare chance to reconnect with the natural world. Many urban residents spend their days in offices or apartments, far from the rhythms of growing things. Tending to soil, planting seeds, and watching plants mature provides a therapeutic escape from the stress of city life. Studies have shown that gardening reduces anxiety and improves mental well-being, as the act of nurturing life fosters a sense of purpose and calm. Children, too, benefit greatly — they learn where food comes from, develop a sense of responsibility, and gain hands-on experience with science and nature, lessons that textbooks alone cannot teach. Beyond personal benefits, these gardens strengthen community bonds. Neighbors from diverse backgrounds come together to share tools, exchange gardening tips, and celebrate harvests. Elderly residents pass down traditional farming knowledge, while younger generations bring fresh ideas and energy. In many neighborhoods, garden plots become spaces for cultural exchange, where immigrants grow native plants and share recipes with their neighbors, creating a tapestry of flavors and traditions. During the harvest season, shared feasts bring everyone together, turning acquaintances into friends and building a sense of belonging that is often missing in fast-paced urban environments. Urban community gardens also play a vital role in promoting sustainability. They reduce food miles by providing locally grown produce, cutting down on the carbon emissions associated with transportation. By absorbing rainwater, they help mitigate urban flooding, and their plants improve air quality by filtering pollutants. In areas with limited access to fresh food, these gardens act as community fridges, ensuring that low-income families have access to nutritious vegetables and fruits. As cities face the challenges of climate change and rapid urbanization, community gardens offer a simple yet effective way to build resilience and create more livable spaces. In a world that often feels disconnected, urban community gardens remind us of the power of working together and caring for the earth. They are living proof that even in the busiest cities, a little bit of green can grow into something extraordinary-nurturing not just plants, but people, communities, and a more sustainable future. 31．What is the main purpose of the passage? A．To introduce the history of urban community gardens. B．To explain the multiple values of urban community gardens. C．To discuss the challenges of maintaining urban community gardens. D．To compare urban community gardens with traditional farms. 32．Which of the following is a benefit of urban community gardens for children? A．They can learn traditional farming skills from immigrants. B．They can reduce the carbon emissions of the family. C．They can gain practical experience with science and nature. D．They can organize shared feasts with neighborhood adults. 33．The underlined phrase “food miles” in Paragraph 4 probably refers to _____. A．the distance food travels from production to consumption B．the number of miles people walk to buy fresh food C．the area of land used to grow food in cities D．the time it takes for food to ripen in gardens 34．We can infer from the passage that urban community gardens _____. A．are mainly built on rooftop terraces in big cities B．help improve the social connection in urban areas C．have solved the problem of food shortage for low-income families D．require professional gardening knowledge to maintain 35．What is the author’s attitude towards urban community gardens? A．Critical. B．Doubtful. C．Neutral. D．Supportive. 【答案】31．B 32．C 33．A 34．B 35．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了城市社区花园的多重价值，包括对个人、社区和可持续发展的益处。 31．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是根据第一段“In the bustling heart of modern cities, where skyscrapers tower overhead and concrete spreads like a vast blanket, urban community gardens have emerged as vibrant oases of green. These small plots of land — nestled between apartment buildings, on rooftop terraces, or in abandoned lots — are more than just places to grow vegetables and flowers; they are powerful connectors of people, cultures, and nature. What began as a simple way to reclaim unused space has evolved into a global movement that enriches both individuals and communities.(在现代都市繁华的中心，摩天大楼高耸入云，水泥地面如巨毯般铺展，都市社区花园已然成为充满生机的绿色绿洲。这些小块土地 —— 依偎在公寓楼之间、屋顶露台之上，或是废弃地块之中 —— 不仅仅是种植蔬菜和花卉的场所；它们更是连接人与人、文化与文化、人类与自然的强力纽带。从最初简单地改造闲置空间，到如今已发展成一场让个人与社区共同受益的全球性运动。)”可知，文章首先介绍了城市社区花园的出现，接着分别阐述了城市社区花园对个人的益处（如缓解压力、提升心理健康、教育孩子等）、对社区的益处（如加强社区联系、促进文化交流等）以及对可持续发展的作用（如减少食物运输距离、缓解城市洪水、改善空气质量等）。因此，文章的主要目的是解释城市社区花园的多重价值。故选B。 32．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Children, too, benefit greatly — they learn where food comes from, develop a sense of responsibility, and gain hands-on experience with science and nature, lessons that textbooks alone cannot teach.(孩子们也受益匪浅——他们了解食物的来源，培养责任感，并获得科学和自然的实践经验，这些是课本无法单独传授的课程。)”可知，城市社区花园对孩子们的益处之一是让他们获得科学和自然的实践经验。故选C。 33．词句猜测题。根据第四段中“They reduce food miles by providing locally grown produce, cutting down on the carbon emissions associated with transportation.(它们通过提供本地种植的农产品来减少food miles，从而减少与运输相关的碳排放。)”可知，减少与运输相关的碳排放，即食物从生产到消费所经过的距离减少。因此，food miles指的是食物从生产到消费的距离。故选A。 34．推理判断题。根据第三段中“Beyond personal benefits, these gardens strengthen community bonds. Neighbors from diverse backgrounds come together to share tools, exchange gardening tips, and celebrate harvests.(除了个人益处外，这些花园还加强了社区联系。来自不同背景的邻居聚在一起分享工具、交流园艺技巧、庆祝丰收。)”以及“During the harvest season, shared feasts bring everyone together, turning acquaintances into friends and building a sense of belonging that is often missing in fast-paced urban environments.(在收获季节，共享的盛宴将大家聚集在一起，将熟人变成朋友，并建立起一种在快节奏的城市环境中常常缺失的归属感。)”可知，城市社区花园有助于改善城市地区的社会联系。故选B。 35．推理判断题。根据最后一段“In a world that often feels disconnected, urban community gardens remind us of the power of working together and caring for the earth. They are living proof that even in the busiest cities, a little bit of green can grow into something extraordinary-nurturing not just plants, but people, communities, and a more sustainable future.(在一个常常感觉脱节的世界里，城市社区花园提醒我们合作和关爱地球的力量。它们是活生生的证明，即使在最繁忙的城市里，一点点绿色也能成长为非凡的东西——不仅滋养植物，还滋养人们、社区和更可持续的未来。)”可知，作者对城市社区花园持支持态度。故选D。 B Taiwan was once known as “Garbage Island”. Now it is a word leader which recycles more than half of its waste in business that brings in over $2 billion a year. In 1993, Taiwan was filled with garbage. There was almost no recycling. Two thirds of its landfills were full. Around 20% of the island’s garbage was dumped (丢弃). The rest was either buried in a landfill, or burned, leaving the island in an unpleasant and unhealthy situation. In 1998, the government took action. Their plan affected companies that made products or brought them into Taiwan. These companies were required to take care of their own waste, or to pay the government to do it. The government used the money it collected to improve recycling in the area. Taiwan gave away as much as $6 billion a year to help recycling companies. Ordinary people had apart, too. The government created a plan called Pay As You Throw. People were required to separate their waste into two groups-garbage, and things that are recyclable or reusable. Recycling is free, but people have to buy special blue bags to throw things away. People quickly began to recycle more. The government also made it easy for people to deal with their waste. Yellow garbage trucks come around often. To let people know they’re coming, they play music. People can also track (追踪) the garbage trucks by using a smartphone app. 36．Recycling garbage can bring Taiwan ________ a year. A．$1 billion B．$2 billion C．$4 billion D．$6 billion 37．In Taiwan, ________ of the garbage was buried or burned in 1993. A．56% B．66% C．70% D．80% 38．If a company makes lots of garbage, the government will ________. A．ask the company to leave Taiwan B．ask the company to build landfills C．ask the company to pay for the garbage D．ask the company to sell it out 39．People can track the garbage truck by ________. A．using blue bags B．playing music C．using a phone app D．separating the waste 40．From the passage, we may know that ________. A．people are smart in Taiwan B．garbage makes Taiwan rich C．Taiwan needs more landfills D．recycling works well in Taiwan 【答案】36．B 37．D 38．C 39．C 40．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了台湾的垃圾回收情况以及采取的措施。 36．细节理解题。根据第一段“Now it is a word leader which recycles more than half of its waste in business that brings in over $2 billion a year.”（现在它是世界上的领导者，回收了一半以上的废物，每年带来超过20亿美元的收入。）可知，台湾每年通过垃圾回收带来超过20亿美元的收入。故选B。 37．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Around 20% of the island's garbage was dumped (丢弃). The rest was either buried in a landfill, or burned”（岛上大约20%的垃圾被倾倒。其余的要么被埋在垃圾填埋场，要么被焚烧）可知，1993年台湾的垃圾有80%被填埋或焚烧。故选D。 38．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“These companies were required to take care of their own waste, or to pay the government to do it.”（这些公司被要求处理自己的废物，或者付钱给政府。）可知，如果公司产生大量垃圾，政府会要求公司支付处理垃圾的费用。故选C。 39．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“People can also track (追踪) the garbage trucks by using a smartphone app.”（人们还可以通过使用智能手机应用程序来跟踪垃圾车。）可知，人们可以通过手机应用程序追踪垃圾车。故选C。 40．推理判断题。根据第一段“Taiwan was once known as “Garbage Island”. Now it is a word leader which recycles more than half of its waste in business that brings in over $2 billion a year.”（台湾曾被称为“垃圾岛”。现在它是世界上的领导者，回收了一半以上的废物，每年带来超过20亿美元的收入。）可知，台湾的垃圾回收工作进行得很好，取得了显著成效。故选D。 B）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空格处的最佳选项。 Most of us know that we must take care of the earth, and try to save energy and reduce waste and pollution. But what should we start with? 41 . · 42 . Plastic bags cause rubbish and are a danger to wild animals. So it is a good idea to take a reusable bag when you go shopping.· Remove the plug (插头) from its power supply. When you turn off a TV, 43 . Make sure the TV is off its plug.· Keep your shower time short. It is believed that taking a shower needs less water than having a bath. In fact, if you spend more than 8 minutes in a shower, you will use as much water. 44 .· Do not just choose local food. It seems that eating local food is better for the environment, because it does not need to be transported (运输) long distances. 45 . Not the transport, but the production of food, uses most of the energy. A．it still uses power B．Avoid using plastic bags C．Unluckily, it is not that simple D．Here are four useful suggestions E．Time is the most important factor 【答案】41．D 42．B 43．A 44．E 45．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章给出了几条生活中减少能源浪费和污染的建议。 41．根据上文“Most of us know that we must take care of the earth, and try to save energy and reduce waste and pollution. But what should we start with?(我们大多数人都知道我们必须爱护地球，努力节约能源，减少浪费和污染。但是我们应该从什么开始呢？)”以及文后的内容讲述的是减少能源浪费的具体措施。本句应该是承上启下的过渡句，引出后文的具体建议。故D选项“这里有四条有用的建议”符合语境，故选D。 42．根据本段内容“Plastic bags cause rubbish and are a danger to wild animals. So it is a good idea to take a reusable bag when you go shopping.(塑料袋产生垃圾，对野生动物是一种危险。所以当你去购物的时候带一个可重复使用的袋子是个好主意)”可知，本段的建议不使用塑料袋，故B选项“避免使用塑料袋”符合语境，故选B。 43．根据标题“· Remove the plug (插头) from its power supply.(从电源上拔下插头)”、上文“When you turn off a TV(当你关掉电视的时候)”以及后文“Make sure the TV is off its plug.(确保把电视插头拔掉)”可知，不拔掉电器插头有弊端，只关掉电视开关，电视还在耗电，A选项正好讲的是不拔掉插头的弊端。故A选项“它仍然使用电力”符合语境，故选A。 44．根据上文“It is believed that taking a shower needs less water than having a bath. In fact, if you spend more than 8 minutes in a shower, you will use as much water.(人们认为淋浴比泡澡需要更少的水。事实上，如果你洗澡的时间超过8分钟，你就会用掉同样多的水)”可知，此句前面讲的是淋浴时间超过8分钟就不省水，所以省不省水关键在于时间，故E选项“时间是最重要的因素”符合语境，故选E。 45．根据上文“It seems that eating local food is better for the environment, because it does not need to be transported (运输) long distances.(吃当地的食物似乎对环境更好，因为它不需要长途运输)”以及后文“Not the transport, but the production of food, uses most of the energy.(消耗大部分能源的不是运输，而是食物的生产)”可知，此处前后有转折意味，前面说缩短运输距离就节省能源，而后面是对前面的否定，故C选项“不幸的是，事情没那么简单”符合语境，故选C。 Ⅴ. 语法填空（10小题，共20分） If you live in Shanghai, you might have to take a lesson in sorting garbage. 46 is now required to do is that people should sort garbage into four categories. However, if people fail to sort their garbage as required, they can 47 (fine) up to 200 Yuan. More cities are introducing similar regulations, 48 (follow) the practice in Shanghai. However, garbage sorting is still a big problem in China. Only 30% of the participants think they are 49 (proper) sorting their trash. It’s partly because many people lack their 50 (willing) to sort their own waste. It’s 51 must to have a legal guarantee 52 (promote) garbage sorting, said Liu Jiangbo, a professor from Tsinghua University. Apart from China, many other foreign countries also 53 (introduce) garbagesorting regulations in the past years. In Japan, waste sorting has become a basic survival skill. There is a 54 (fix) time for the disposal (回收) of each kind of garbage and littering can result 55 high fines and even jail time. Over 90% of the public believe that garbage sorting is important for the protection of environment. 【答案】 46．What 47．be fined 48．following 49．properly 50．willingness 51．a 52．to promote 53．have introduced 54．fixed 55．in 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国垃圾分类的现状及垃圾分类的重要性。 46．考查主语从句。句意：现在需要做的第一件事就是人们应该把垃圾分成四类。分析句子结构可知，“___1____ is now required to do”是主语从句，从句缺主语，指代“要做的事情”，故用连接代词what引导。故填What。 47．考查被动语态。句意：然而，如果人们没有按照要求进行垃圾分类，他们将被处以最高200元的罚款。根据“can”可知，空处需填动词原形，“they”和“fine”之间是被动关系，此处为含情态动词的被动语态，故填be fined。 48．考查非谓语动词。句意：更多的城市也在效仿上海的做法，推出类似的规定。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词“are introducing”，故空处需填非谓语动词，“More cities”和“follow”之间是主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故填following。 49．考查副词。句意：只有30%的参与者认为他们对垃圾进行了适当的分类。根据“sorting their trash”可知，空处需填副词作状语修饰动词。故填properly。 50．考查名词。句意：部分原因是许多人缺乏自己分类垃圾的意愿。根据 “their”可知，空处需填名词，willingness作名词，表示“意愿”，是不可数名词。故填willingness。 51．考查冠词。句意：清华大学教授刘江波表示，必须有法律保障来促进垃圾分类。根据“must”可知，空处需填冠词修饰名词，此处泛指“一件必须的事”，且该词的发音以辅音音素开头，故用不定冠词a。故填a。 52．考查非谓语动词。句意：清华大学教授刘江波表示，必须有法律保障来促进垃圾分类。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词“is”，故空处需填非谓语动词，此处作目的状语，应用动词不定式。故填to promote。 53．考查时态。句意：除中国外，许多其他国家在过去几年也出台了垃圾分类规定。分析句子结构可知，空处缺谓语动词，时间状语是“in the past years”，故用现在完成时。主语是复数，故填have introduced。 54．考查形容词。句意：每种垃圾都有固定的处理时间，乱扔垃圾可能会被处以高额罚款，甚至入狱。根据“time”可知，空处需填形容词，fixed表示“固定的”，符合句意。故填fixed。 55．考查介词。句意：每种垃圾都有固定的处理时间，乱扔垃圾可能会被处以高额罚款，甚至入狱。result in表示“导致”，符合句意。故填in。 Ⅵ. 完成句子（5小题，共15分） 根据所给汉语提示，完成英语句子。 56．就是在这条街上，那个女孩失踪了。（根据中文句意完句 ） ________________ the girl was missing. 【答案】It was in the street that 【详解】考查介词短语和强调句。“在这条街上”短语为“in the street”，根据句意可知此句用强调句式，英语中强调地点状语的强调句结构为“It is/was +被强调部分（地点状语）+ that + 其他部分”。根据“was missing”可知，句子时态为过去时态，所以用was。句首首字母大写。故答案为It was in the street that。 57．To begin with, we should plant more trees and __________. 首先，我们应该多种树，阻止工厂倾倒污水。 【答案】stop factories from pouring waste 【详解】考查动词短语。分析句子可知，空处表达“阻止工厂倾倒污水”。“阻止某人/物做某事”：stop sb/sth from doing sth，工厂：factories，名词复数表泛指， 倾倒污水：pouring waste，介词from后接动名词词形，空处位于情态动词should后stop应用动词原形。故填stop factories from pouring waste。 58．________ all the novelists held a meeting yesterday. 昨天所有的小说家就是在城里开的会。 【答案】It was in the city that 【详解】 考查强调句。根据“yesterday”可知，此句时态为一般过去时；分析句子可知，此句被强调部分是“in the city (在城里)”，应是强调句型“it was+被强调部分+that”。故答案为：It was in the city that。 59．正是直到现在我才意识到保护环境的重要性。（根据中文句意完句） It ________ ________ until now that I realized the importance of protecting the environment. 【答案】 was not 【详解】考查强调句。强调句的基本结构为“It is/was +被强调部分+ that +其他部分”。当强调“直到…… 才……”时，常用not until的强调形式，即“It is/was not until +时间状语（从句）+that +主句（肯定形式）”。  从句“that I realized...”中“realized”为一般过去时，故强调句的系动词用was。故答案为was not。 60．如果我们都参加了，我们将能够创造奇迹。 If we all ________ ________ it, we will be able to make wonders. 【答案】 join in 【详解】考查动词短语。“参加（活动等）”用“join in”，在 if 引导的条件状语从句中，遵循“主将从现”原则，即主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时，从句主语we是第一人称复数，所以join用原形。故填join；in。 Ⅶ. 应用写作（1小题，共10分） 61.【写作内容】假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Paul 来邮件询问你参加环境保护的志愿者活动情况，请回邮件分享具体内容和活动感想。 【写作要求】正文约40个英文单词，文中不可出现你自己的真实姓名、学校等信息。 【评分标准】信息完整，语言规范，语篇连贯。 Dear Paul, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】例文： Dear Paul. I’m happy to share my environmental protection volunteer activity with you. Last Saturday morning, we went to the city park. We collected trash on the grass and told people how to sort waste into different bins. This activity made me know that protecting the environment is really important. I want to do more such things in the future. Yours, Li Hua 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文（书信），写作主题是李华给英国笔友 Paul 回复邮件，分享自己参加环境保护志愿者活动的具体内容与活动感想。 【详解】1.词汇积累： 环境保护：environmental protection→environmental conservation 收集：collect→gather 垃圾分类：sort waste→classify garbage 重要的：important→significant 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Last Saturday morning, we went to the city park. 拓展句：Last Saturday morning, we went to the city park where we did some environmental protection work. 【点睛】【高分句型1】I’m happy to share my environmental protection volunteer activity with you. (运用了“be + 形容词 + to do”句型) 【高分句型2】This activity made me know that protecting the environment is really important. 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