清单05 宾语从句、状语从句和定语从句（思维导图+解题必备+易混易错）（抢分清单）2026年中考英语终极冲刺讲练测

该初中英语中考复习知识清单全面梳理了宾语从句、状语从句和定语从句三大核心语法内容，涵盖从句三要素（语序、时态、连接词）、分类及引导词用法等知识范畴，构建了从基础概念到考点应用的系统复习框架。 清单采用“核心考点建构+语法知识查漏+中考真题回顾”的分层设计，标注“语序错误”“连词混淆”等易错点，提供“主现从任意，主过从必过”等记忆口诀，培养学生语言能力和思维品质。配备中考真题分类练习及语法选择、短文填空题型，助力学生自主复习，为教师提供针对性教学辅助。

清单05 宾语从句、状语从句和定语从句 核心考点建构+语法知识查漏+中考真题回顾 一、宾语从句 宾语从句是在复合句中充当宾语的句子。宾语从句的三要素为：语序、时态和连接词。 （1）宾语从句的语序 宾语从句要用陈述语序，即“主句＋连接词＋主语＋谓语＋其他”。如： （2）宾语从句的时态 ①需要性原则：主句现在时，从句时态视客观需要而定。如：Can you tell me what he did yesterday？ ②呼应性原则：主句是一般过去时，从句用过去的某种时态。如：Kate said she was reading a newspaper at this time yesterday. ③特殊性原则：表示客观事实、真理或自然现象时，无论主句是什么时态，从句都用一般现在时。如：Mom told me that the earth goes around the sun. （助记：主现从任意，主过从必过，真理永不变） （3）宾语从句的连接词 连接词 意义及例句 从属连词that 无实际意义，可以省略：He says （that） his father has gone abroad. 从属连词whether/if “是否”，不可省略：He asked me whether I would stay there for another two days. 连接代词 (what/which/who/whose/whom等) 在从句中作一定的成分（主语、宾语、定语等）：He asked me whose coat it was. 连接副词 (when/where/why/how) 在从句中作状语：She doesn’t know when she should go there.＝She doesn’t know when to go there. 【拓展】 “疑问词＋不定式”结构可在句中作主语、宾语、表语等，用于该结构的疑问词有how， when， what， where， which等。如：I don’t know where to go. 我不知道要去哪里。 一、宾语从句 —— 最易错的是“语序”和“时态” 易错点1：语序问题 错误： Could you tell me where does he live? 正确： Could you tell me where he lives? 口诀： 宾语从句用陈述语序（主语 + 谓语），不要倒装，不要助动词 易错点2：时态呼应 主句过去 → 从句用相应的过去时态 主句一般现在/将来 → 从句根据实际情况用时态 特例必考： 客观真理、自然现象、名言警句 → 永远用一般现在时 易错点3：that省略与保留 必保留that的情况：动词后有两个或多个that从句时，第一个that可省，第二个不能省 He said (that) he was busy and that he would come later. 易错点4：if/whether混淆 句中有or not → 只用 whether 介词后（如 talk about）→ 只用 whether 动词不定式前（如 decide whether to go）→ 只用 whether 二、状语从句 在复合句中作状语的从句叫作状语从句。状语从句一般由从属连词引导，根据用途可以分为时间状语从句、条件状语从句、原因状语从句、目的状语从句、结果状语从句、让步状语从句、地点状语从句和方式状语从句。 状语从句的分类 从句的引导词 例句 时间状语从句 when/while/as“当……时候” before“在……之前” after“在……之后” since“自……以来” until/till“直到……为止” as soon as“一…就……” When he receives the letter, he will tell us. 收到信时，他会告诉我们的。 You have been confident since I first met you. 自从我第一次见到你，你就一直很自信。 I didn’t believe I could do it until I got to the top. 直到爬到了山顶，我才相信自己能做到。 条件状语从句 if “如果” unless “除非” as long as “只要” Our eyesight will become poorer and poorer if we keep playing with phones. 如果我们一直玩手机，我们的视力就会变得越来越差。 He can’t see clearly unless he wears glasses. 他不戴眼镜就看不清。 原因状语从句 because “因为” since “既然” as “由于” I like listening to music because it makes me relaxed.我喜欢听音乐，因为它使我放松。 As you were out, I left a message. 因为你不在，所以我留了张纸条。 目的状语从句 so that“以便，为了” in order that“为了” They sped up in order that they could get there on time. 他们加速是为了能按时到达那里。 结果状语从句 so… that…“如此……以至于……” such… that…“如此……以至于……” It is such nice weather that all of us want to go to the park. 多么好的天气啊！我们大家都想去公园玩。 He was so angry that he couldn’t say anything.他气得一句话也说不出来了。 让步状语从句 though/although “尽管” even if/even though “即使” whatever“无论什么” whenever“无论何时” wherever“无论哪里” whether“不管……(还是)；无论” Even though it is dangerous, many people still try to climb the mountain. 尽管很危险，很多人还是试图爬上那座山。 Whenever you have problems, just let me know. I’ll always be there for you. 无论你什么时候有问题，都要让我知道，我随时恭候。 Wherever she goes, she always gets tons of attention. 她所到之处，总能得到很多人的关注。 I am going whether you like it or not. 不管你愿不愿意，我都要走了。 地点状语从句 where “哪里” wherever“在任何地方” Sit where I can see you. 坐到我能看见你的地方。 方式状语从句 as“照……方式” as if/though“好像” You may do as you wish outside working hours. 不在上班时间，你爱干什么就干什么。 It sounds as though you had a good time. 听起来你好像过得挺愉快。 二、状语从句 —— 最易错的是“连词混淆”和“时态不对” 易错点1：when/while/as 分不清 when主句动作在从句动作之后发生 while主从句动作同时持续进行 as伴随动作，或“一边一边” 易错点2：until/till 与肯定/否定动词的搭配 not...until（直到...才）：主句动词是短暂性的 He didn't leave until his mother came back. ...until（一直到...）：主句动词是持续性的 He stayed until his mother came back. 易错点3：so...that / such...that 结构混淆 so + 形容词/副词 + that such + 名词短语 + that 易错点4：时态问题 —— 主将从现（必考点！） 在 时间（when, as soon as）和 条件（if, unless） 状语从句中： 主句用将来时，从句用一般现在时代替将来时 错误： I will call you as soon as I will arrive. 正确： I will call you as soon as I arrive. 3、 定语从句 在复合句中作定语的从句称为定语从句，定语从句在句子中相当于形容词。定语从句所修饰的名词、代词叫先行词，通常位于定语从句之前。引导定语从句的是关系代词that，which，who，whom，whose和关系副词when，where，why等。关系代词或关系副词既起连接作用，又在从句中充当成分。 (一)引导词的用法 引导词 先行词 充当成分 例句 who，that 人 主语、宾语、表语 Is he the man who/that wants to see you？他是那个想见你的人吗？ whom 人 宾语 He is the man (whom) I talked to yesterday before the teaching building. 他就是我昨天在教学楼前与之交谈的人。 which，that 物 主语、宾语、表语 Is this the hotel (which/that) you checked in during the vacation? 这是你假期期间入住的酒店吗？ Where is the book (that/which) I bought just now？我刚刚买的那本书在哪里？ whose 人、物 定语 The boy whose father is a doctor studies very hard. 爸爸是名医生的那个男孩学习非常刻苦。 when 时间 状语 I still remember the day when you left for Beijing. 我仍然记得你去北京的那一天。 where 地点 状语 This is the training center where I learned to dance. 这就是我学习跳舞的培训中心。 why 原因 状语 We don’t know the reason why he didn’t show up. 我们不知道他为什么没有来。 (二)定语从句只用that引导的情况 1. 先行词是all, little, much, none, everything, anything, nothing等不定代词时。如： Is there anything (that) you don’t understand? 你有什么不懂的地方吗？ 2. 先行词前有序数词或形容词最高级或有the only, the very，the last，all，every，any，few，no等修饰时。如： It is the last book that I want. 这是我最不想要的书。 This is the only way that I can think of. 这是我唯一可以想到的办法了。 3. 先行词既有指人的名词又有指物的名词时。如： They are talking about things and persons that they remembered in the school. 他们正在谈论他们记得的学校里的人和事。 4. 关系代词出现在以who或which开头的特殊疑问句中时，为避免重复用that。如： Who is the boy that is playing football? 正在踢足球的那个男孩是谁？ Which is the cinema that has the biggest screen？哪一个电影院有最大的屏幕？ 注意： 下列情况只能用which，不能用that。 条件 例句 关系代词在介词之后，作介词的宾语时 This is the museum in which I took this photo. 这就是我拍这张照片的博物馆。 先行词本身就是that时 I don’t like that which he did. 我不喜欢他做的那件事。 引导非限制性定语从句时 He did very well in the competition, which made his parents very happy. 他在比赛中表现得非常出色，这使他的父母很开心。 三、定语从句 —— 最易错的是“关系词选择”和“介词位置” 易错点1：只用 that 的情况（必考记忆点） 先行词被 序数词、最高级、all/every/no/some/any/little/few/much 修饰 先行词是 anyone/those 时，先行词 既有人又有物不选which/who时，用that 易错点2：只用 which（非限制性定语从句） 非限制性定语从句（有逗号隔开）：指物时只能用which，不能用that His new car, which cost a lot, is very nice. 易错点3：介词+关系代词（介词前置） 介词 + which（指物） / 介词 + whom（指人） 介词取决于先行词的习惯搭配或从句的动词搭配 比较： The house in which he lives is big.（正式） The house which he lives in is big.（口语） 注意：介词前置时，关系代词不能用that，且不能省略 易错点4：as 引导的限制性定语从句 用在 such...as, the same...as 结构中 注意区别： the same...as（相似的事物） vs. the same...that（同一个事物） This is the same pen as I lost.（和我丢的那支很像，但不是同一支） This is the same pen that I lost.（就是我丢的那支） 易错点5：主谓一致问题 关系词在从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的数和先行词一致： He is one of the students who have passed the exam.（修饰students，复数） He is the only one of the students who has passed the exam.（修饰one，单数） 一、单项选择 1．（2025·四川攀枝花·中考真题）—Excuse me. Can you tell me ________? —Sure. You can take bus No. 22. The bus station is over there. A．where should I get off the bus B．where can I find bus No. 22 C．how I can get to the Yinjianghu Park D．how can I get to the Yinjianghu Park 2．（2025·山东东营·中考真题）—I wonder ________. —The egg. Scientists from Switzerland believe so. A．how long the egg has been in the world B．which came first, the egg or the chicken C．whether you like the egg and the chicken D．when scientists started to study the chicken 3．（2025·黑龙江哈尔滨·中考真题）—Could you please tell me ________? —Certainly. There are so many to follow. For example, we can’t be noisy or eat there. A．where the school library is B．what the school library rules are C．if there’s a library in our school 4．（2025·江苏镇江·中考真题）—My parents will give me a red packet after my graduation! —I wonder ________. A．how much money have you got B．what you bought with the money C．if you will give it to your parents D．that you will deal with the money 5．（2025·四川凉山·中考真题）—Sarah, could you tell me ________? —About ten minutes’ walk. A．how far it is from your home to school B．how long it takes you to walk to school C．how you get to school from your home 6．（2025·江苏无锡·中考真题）—That sounds interesting! May I ask ________ to see the changes? —Well, it depends. Some people take a while, and some others take forever. A．how much will it cost B．how long will it take C．how much it will cost D．how long it will take 7．（2025·江苏常州·中考真题）—Could you tell me ________ two 30-minute breaks every day? —They help us stay healthy and energetic. A．why we have B．what we do during C．why do we have D．what do we do during 8．（2025·江苏宿迁·中考真题）— Excuse me, could you tell me ______? — It usually opens at nine o’clock. A．how I can get to the bank B．where the bank is C．how far the bank is D．when the bank opens 9．（2025·北京·中考真题）— Linda, do you know ________ for the school trip this term? — Yes. We are going to the Capital Museum. A． where we are going B．where we went B． C．where are we going D．where did we go 10．（2025·湖北武汉·中考真题）—David, what’s the meaning of “A promise is a promise”? —It tells us ________. A．what promise we must keep B．when do we make a promise C．why should we make a promise D．how important keeping a promise is 11．（2025·山东东营·中考真题）________ you’ve finished your homework, you may go out and play. A．Since B．Before C．Unless D．Although 12．（2025·海南·中考真题）After the speech, it was time for photos. ________ some of our eyes were wet, we still tried to show bright smiles. A．But B．So C．Although 13．（2025·西藏·中考真题）________ or not you’re successful, you must try your best. A．Whether B．If C．Either D．Neither 14．（2025·四川凉山·中考真题）—Labor education is important for students’ development. —Sure. ________ schools put it into practice, students will be more independent. A．Although B．Unless C．If 15．（2025·江苏无锡·中考真题）________ it may not work on everyone, it may work on you. A．Though B．But C．Because D．Since 16．（2025·四川乐山·中考真题）It is good for your health ________ you take a walk after supper. A．until B．if C．although 17．（2025·黑龙江绥化·中考真题）Nowadays more and more people take exercise every day ________ they can have healthier bodies. A．such that B．in order to C．so that 18．（2025·江苏扬州·中考真题）The wind power of our country develops more quickly ________ we push for green energy. A．though B．before C．as D．until 19．（2025·江苏连云港·中考真题）________ over 400 million adults are too heavy, China has made a plan to help its people with weight control. A．Since B．Unless C．Though D．Until 20．（2025·四川成都·中考真题）Xu Dawei wants to pass the Civilian Mobile Library on to his son ________ it can stay open forever. A．before B．although C．so that 21．（2025·四川攀枝花·中考真题）In Journey to the West, my favourite character is Wukong ________ keeps fighting to help the weak. A．who B．whom C．whose D．which 22．（2025·西藏·中考真题）The story ________ my grandfather told me about Qian Xuesen is touching. A．who B．whom C．whose D．which 23．（2025·四川乐山·中考真题）Chengdu is a city in China ________ has two airports because of the opening of Chengdu Tianfu International Airport. A．where B．who C．that 24．（2025·黑龙江·中考真题）The high-technology clothes ________ the players wore helped them perform better in the 9th Asian Winter Games. A．that B．who C．what 25．（2025·黑龙江绥化·中考真题）—Did you watch the most exciting dance ________ was performed by robots during the Spring Festival Gala of the Year of the Snake? —Yes, it was amazing. A．which B．that C．who 26．（2025·四川遂宁·中考真题）—What kinds of after-school activities do you like? —I like those activities ________ are about P.E. and art. A．who B．whom C．which D．/ 27．（2025·四川达州·中考真题）—What kind of music do you like? —I like music ________ I can dance to. When I hear the songs, I’m full of energy. A．what B．why C．that 28．（2025·四川成都·中考真题）It’s hard to say goodbye to the teachers ________ have spent the past three years with us. A．which B．who C．what 二、语法选择 （2025·广东·中考真题） 请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，根据语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每小题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将对应选项涂黑。 Lily works as a main cook in a famous restaurant. It was her mom who guided her into the world of cooking. When she was a little girl, Lily spent a lot of time with mom in the kitchen. She remembered that she would always sit there 1 watch mom cooking. She was curious about 2 mom was busy with. When she was older, she 3 to do easy tasks like beating eggs. Later on, while mom was making dumplings, Lily would help cut vegetables 4 a small knife. She also learned how to make dumplings of 5 shapes. To a girl of her age, cooking was real magic. As Lily grew up, she learned more about food and tried cooking 6 dishes than before. After finishing college, she decided 7 in a restaurant. With wild imagination, she came up with many new ideas and started to create 8 own dishes. So far, she 9 many dishes with special tastes. All these dishes are popular with customers. Today, the kitchen is still a place for Lily and mom to have 10 fun together. Every time before a family dinner party, they will cooperate to plan a menu. Cooking has kept their mother-daughter relationship strong. 1．A．or B．and C．but 2．A．what B．that C．whether 3．A．is allowed B．was allowed C．was allowing 4．A．by B．for C．with 5．A．different B．difference C．differently 6．A．difficult B．more difficult C．the most difficult 7．A．work B．working C．to work 8．A．her B．hers C．herself 9．A．invents B．will invent C．has invented 10．A．/ B．a C．the 三、短文填空 （2025·四川攀枝花·中考真题） 根据所提供的单词或者首字母，用单词的适当形式完成短文。请将答案写在答题卡上，直接写在试卷上不给分。 The CR450 is a new high-speed train that can go very fast! The train can reach a test speed of 450 kilometers per hour and will run at 400 kilometers per hour with passengers. H 1 amazing it is! This means it will be the 2 (fast) high-speed train in the world! The China State Railway Group, which made the train, says the CR450 is excellent in many 3 (area). It goes fast, stops quickly, uses less energy, and 4 (make) little noise. First, even t 5 the CR450 goes super fast, it is still very safe and comfortable. Second, the train’s weight is cut by 10%. So its lighter body helps the train save energy. 6 (three), the inside of the train is quiet, just like the slower trains, providing a peaceful travel experience. At last, the train offers passengers more space t 7 other trains. And there are also special places for luggage, bikes and even wheelchairs, so everyone has enough room for 8 (they) things. The CR450 is coming at full speed with a bright future, which is really 9 (meaning) in the history of China’s railway development. We are looking forward to 10 (travel) in the train as quickly as possible. 试卷第1页，共3页 1 / 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 清单05 宾语从句、状语从句和定语从句 核心考点建构+语法知识查漏+中考真题回顾 一、宾语从句 宾语从句是在复合句中充当宾语的句子。宾语从句的三要素为：语序、时态和连接词。 （1）宾语从句的语序 宾语从句要用陈述语序，即“主句＋连接词＋主语＋谓语＋其他”。如： （2）宾语从句的时态 ①需要性原则：主句现在时，从句时态视客观需要而定。如：Can you tell me what he did yesterday？ ②呼应性原则：主句是一般过去时，从句用过去的某种时态。如：Kate said she was reading a newspaper at this time yesterday. ③特殊性原则：表示客观事实、真理或自然现象时，无论主句是什么时态，从句都用一般现在时。如：Mom told me that the earth goes around the sun. （助记：主现从任意，主过从必过，真理永不变） （3）宾语从句的连接词 连接词 意义及例句 从属连词that 无实际意义，可以省略：He says （that） his father has gone abroad. 从属连词whether/if “是否”，不可省略：He asked me whether I would stay there for another two days. 连接代词 (what/which/who/whose/whom等) 在从句中作一定的成分（主语、宾语、定语等）：He asked me whose coat it was. 连接副词 (when/where/why/how) 在从句中作状语：She doesn’t know when she should go there.＝She doesn’t know when to go there. 【拓展】 “疑问词＋不定式”结构可在句中作主语、宾语、表语等，用于该结构的疑问词有how， when， what， where， which等。如：I don’t know where to go. 我不知道要去哪里。 一、宾语从句 —— 最易错的是“语序”和“时态” 易错点1：语序问题 错误： Could you tell me where does he live? 正确： Could you tell me where he lives? 口诀： 宾语从句用陈述语序（主语 + 谓语），不要倒装，不要助动词 易错点2：时态呼应 主句过去 → 从句用相应的过去时态 主句一般现在/将来 → 从句根据实际情况用时态 特例必考： 客观真理、自然现象、名言警句 → 永远用一般现在时 易错点3：that省略与保留 必保留that的情况：动词后有两个或多个that从句时，第一个that可省，第二个不能省 He said (that) he was busy and that he would come later. 易错点4：if/whether混淆 句中有or not → 只用 whether 介词后（如 talk about）→ 只用 whether 动词不定式前（如 decide whether to go）→ 只用 whether 二、状语从句 在复合句中作状语的从句叫作状语从句。状语从句一般由从属连词引导，根据用途可以分为时间状语从句、条件状语从句、原因状语从句、目的状语从句、结果状语从句、让步状语从句、地点状语从句和方式状语从句。 状语从句的分类 从句的引导词 例句 时间状语从句 when/while/as“当……时候” before“在……之前” after“在……之后” since“自……以来” until/till“直到……为止” as soon as“一…就……” When he receives the letter, he will tell us. 收到信时，他会告诉我们的。 You have been confident since I first met you. 自从我第一次见到你，你就一直很自信。 I didn’t believe I could do it until I got to the top. 直到爬到了山顶，我才相信自己能做到。 条件状语从句 if “如果” unless “除非” as long as “只要” Our eyesight will become poorer and poorer if we keep playing with phones. 如果我们一直玩手机，我们的视力就会变得越来越差。 He can’t see clearly unless he wears glasses. 他不戴眼镜就看不清。 原因状语从句 because “因为” since “既然” as “由于” I like listening to music because it makes me relaxed.我喜欢听音乐，因为它使我放松。 As you were out, I left a message. 因为你不在，所以我留了张纸条。 目的状语从句 so that“以便，为了” in order that“为了” They sped up in order that they could get there on time. 他们加速是为了能按时到达那里。 结果状语从句 so… that…“如此……以至于……” such… that…“如此……以至于……” It is such nice weather that all of us want to go to the park. 多么好的天气啊！我们大家都想去公园玩。 He was so angry that he couldn’t say anything.他气得一句话也说不出来了。 让步状语从句 though/although “尽管” even if/even though “即使” whatever“无论什么” whenever“无论何时” wherever“无论哪里” whether“不管……(还是)；无论” Even though it is dangerous, many people still try to climb the mountain. 尽管很危险，很多人还是试图爬上那座山。 Whenever you have problems, just let me know. I’ll always be there for you. 无论你什么时候有问题，都要让我知道，我随时恭候。 Wherever she goes, she always gets tons of attention. 她所到之处，总能得到很多人的关注。 I am going whether you like it or not. 不管你愿不愿意，我都要走了。 地点状语从句 where “哪里” wherever“在任何地方” Sit where I can see you. 坐到我能看见你的地方。 方式状语从句 as“照……方式” as if/though“好像” You may do as you wish outside working hours. 不在上班时间，你爱干什么就干什么。 It sounds as though you had a good time. 听起来你好像过得挺愉快。 二、状语从句 —— 最易错的是“连词混淆”和“时态不对” 易错点1：when/while/as 分不清 when主句动作在从句动作之后发生 while主从句动作同时持续进行 as伴随动作，或“一边一边” 易错点2：until/till 与肯定/否定动词的搭配 not...until（直到...才）：主句动词是短暂性的 He didn't leave until his mother came back. ...until（一直到...）：主句动词是持续性的 He stayed until his mother came back. 易错点3：so...that / such...that 结构混淆 so + 形容词/副词 + that such + 名词短语 + that 易错点4：时态问题 —— 主将从现（必考点！） 在 时间（when, as soon as）和 条件（if, unless） 状语从句中： 主句用将来时，从句用一般现在时代替将来时 错误： I will call you as soon as I will arrive. 正确： I will call you as soon as I arrive. 3、 定语从句 在复合句中作定语的从句称为定语从句，定语从句在句子中相当于形容词。定语从句所修饰的名词、代词叫先行词，通常位于定语从句之前。引导定语从句的是关系代词that，which，who，whom，whose和关系副词when，where，why等。关系代词或关系副词既起连接作用，又在从句中充当成分。 (一)引导词的用法 引导词 先行词 充当成分 例句 who，that 人 主语、宾语、表语 Is he the man who/that wants to see you？他是那个想见你的人吗？ whom 人 宾语 He is the man (whom) I talked to yesterday before the teaching building. 他就是我昨天在教学楼前与之交谈的人。 which，that 物 主语、宾语、表语 Is this the hotel (which/that) you checked in during the vacation? 这是你假期期间入住的酒店吗？ Where is the book (that/which) I bought just now？我刚刚买的那本书在哪里？ whose 人、物 定语 The boy whose father is a doctor studies very hard. 爸爸是名医生的那个男孩学习非常刻苦。 when 时间 状语 I still remember the day when you left for Beijing. 我仍然记得你去北京的那一天。 where 地点 状语 This is the training center where I learned to dance. 这就是我学习跳舞的培训中心。 why 原因 状语 We don’t know the reason why he didn’t show up. 我们不知道他为什么没有来。 (二)定语从句只用that引导的情况 1. 先行词是all, little, much, none, everything, anything, nothing等不定代词时。如： Is there anything (that) you don’t understand? 你有什么不懂的地方吗？ 2. 先行词前有序数词或形容词最高级或有the only, the very，the last，all，every，any，few，no等修饰时。如： It is the last book that I want. 这是我最不想要的书。 This is the only way that I can think of. 这是我唯一可以想到的办法了。 3. 先行词既有指人的名词又有指物的名词时。如： They are talking about things and persons that they remembered in the school. 他们正在谈论他们记得的学校里的人和事。 4. 关系代词出现在以who或which开头的特殊疑问句中时，为避免重复用that。如： Who is the boy that is playing football? 正在踢足球的那个男孩是谁？ Which is the cinema that has the biggest screen？哪一个电影院有最大的屏幕？ 注意： 下列情况只能用which，不能用that。 条件 例句 关系代词在介词之后，作介词的宾语时 This is the museum in which I took this photo. 这就是我拍这张照片的博物馆。 先行词本身就是that时 I don’t like that which he did. 我不喜欢他做的那件事。 引导非限制性定语从句时 He did very well in the competition, which made his parents very happy. 他在比赛中表现得非常出色，这使他的父母很开心。 三、定语从句 —— 最易错的是“关系词选择”和“介词位置” 易错点1：只用 that 的情况（必考记忆点） 先行词被 序数词、最高级、all/every/no/some/any/little/few/much 修饰 先行词是 anyone/those 时，先行词 既有人又有物不选which/who时，用that 易错点2：只用 which（非限制性定语从句） 非限制性定语从句（有逗号隔开）：指物时只能用which，不能用that His new car, which cost a lot, is very nice. 易错点3：介词+关系代词（介词前置） 介词 + which（指物） / 介词 + whom（指人） 介词取决于先行词的习惯搭配或从句的动词搭配 比较： The house in which he lives is big.（正式） The house which he lives in is big.（口语） 注意：介词前置时，关系代词不能用that，且不能省略 易错点4：as 引导的限制性定语从句 用在 such...as, the same...as 结构中 注意区别： the same...as（相似的事物） vs. the same...that（同一个事物） This is the same pen as I lost.（和我丢的那支很像，但不是同一支） This is the same pen that I lost.（就是我丢的那支） 易错点5：主谓一致问题 关系词在从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的数和先行词一致： He is one of the students who have passed the exam.（修饰students，复数） He is the only one of the students who has passed the exam.（修饰one，单数） 一、单项选择 1．（2025·四川攀枝花·中考真题）—Excuse me. Can you tell me ________? —Sure. You can take bus No. 22. The bus station is over there. A．where should I get off the bus B．where can I find bus No. 22 C．how I can get to the Yinjianghu Park D．how can I get to the Yinjianghu Park 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——打扰一下，你能告诉我怎样到达银江湖公园吗？——当然可以。你可以乘坐22路公交车，公交站在那里。句子是宾语从句，用陈述语序，排除A、B、D；且根据答句“You can take bus No. 22. The bus station is over there.”可知，前句询问怎样到达银江湖公园，用how引导宾语从句。 22．（2025·山东东营·中考真题）—I wonder ________. —The egg. Scientists from Switzerland believe so. A．how long the egg has been in the world B．which came first, the egg or the chicken C．whether you like the egg and the chicken D．when scientists started to study the chicken 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我想知道先有鸡还是先有蛋。——鸡蛋。来自瑞士的科学家这么认为。 考查which引导的宾语从句。根据答语“The egg”可知，问句是在询问“先有鸡还是先有蛋”这一选择性问题，而答语直接对应选项B的内容，科学家认为先有蛋。故选B。 3．（2025·黑龙江哈尔滨·中考真题）—Could you please tell me ________? —Certainly. There are so many to follow. For example, we can’t be noisy or eat there. A．where the school library is B．what the school library rules are C．if there’s a library in our school 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你能告诉我学校图书馆的规则是什么吗？——当然。有很多规则要遵守。例如，我们不能吵闹或在那里吃东西。考查宾语从句。where the school library is学校图书馆在哪里；what the school library rules are学校图书馆的规定是什么；if there’s a library in our school我们学校是否有一个图书馆。根据答语中“There are so many to follow. For example, we can’t be noisy or eat there.”可知，问句是在询问图书馆的规则，而非位置或是否存在。故选B。 4．（2025·江苏镇江·中考真题）—My parents will give me a red packet after my graduation! —I wonder ________. A．how much money have you got B．what you bought with the money C．if you will give it to your parents D．that you will deal with the money 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我毕业后父母会给我一个红包！——我想知道你是否会把它交给你的父母。考查宾语从句。how much money have you got，语法错误，在宾语从句中，应使用陈述句语序；what you bought with the money，时态错误，根据“My parents will give me a red packet after my graduation!”可知，钱尚未收到，因此不能用过去时；that you will deal with the money，引导词错误，此处应表示“想知道如何处理钱”，应用how引导；C项符合，此处表示好奇对方是否会把红包给父母。故选C。 5．（2025·四川凉山·中考真题）—Sarah, could you tell me ________? —About ten minutes’ walk. A．how far it is from your home to school B．how long it takes you to walk to school C．how you get to school from your home 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——Sarah，你能告诉我从你家到学校有多远吗？ ——步行大约十分钟的路程。 考查宾语从句。how far it is from your home to school从你家到学校多远；how long it takes you to walk to school从你家到学校花费多长时间；how you get to school from your home你如何从家到学校。根据答语“About ten minutes’ walk.”可知，询问的是距离，应用how far引导宾语从句。故选A。 6．（2025·江苏无锡·中考真题）—That sounds interesting! May I ask ________ to see the changes? —Well, it depends. Some people take a while, and some others take forever. A．how much will it cost B．how long will it take C．how much it will cost D．how long it will take 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——听起来很有趣！请问需要多长时间才能看到变化？——嗯，这要看情况。有些人需要一段时间，有些人则需要一辈子。考查特殊疑问词及宾语从句。how much多少钱；how long多长时间。根据“Some people take a while, and some others take for ever.”可知，此处询问花费时间的长短，用how long引导宾语从句，且宾语从句需要用陈述语序。故选D。 7．（2025·江苏常州·中考真题）—Could you tell me ________ two 30-minute breaks every day? —They help us stay healthy and energetic. A．why we have B．what we do during C．why do we have D．what do we do during 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你能告诉我为什么我们每天有两次30分钟的休息时间吗？——它们帮助我们保持健康和精力充沛。考查宾语从句。根据“Could you tell me”及选项可知，空处是宾语从句，从句用陈述句语序，排除C、D选项；根据“They help us stay healthy and energetic.”可知，空处是询问每天有两次30分钟的休息时间的原因，用why引导宾语从句。故选A。 8．（2025·江苏宿迁·中考真题）— Excuse me, could you tell me ______? — It usually opens at nine o’clock. A．how I can get to the bank B．where the bank is C．how far the bank is D．when the bank opens 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——打扰一下，你能告诉我银行什么时候开门吗？——它通常九点开门。 考查宾语从句。how I can get to the bank我如何到达银行；where the bank is银行在哪里；how far the bank is银行有多远；when the bank opens银行什么时候开门。根据答语“It usually opens at nine o’clock.”可知，此处询问银行开门的时间，所以应该用when引导宾语从句。故选D。 9．（2025·北京·中考真题）— Linda, do you know ________ for the school trip this term? — Yes. We are going to the Capital Museum. A． where we are going B．where we went B． C．where are we going D．where did we go 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——琳达，你知道这学期我们学校旅行要去哪里吗？——是的。我们要去首都博物馆。考查宾语从句。根据“do you know...for the school trip this term”可知，空处填入的是宾语从句，用陈述句序，因此排除选项C和D（均为疑问语序）；结合回答“We are going to the Capital Museum.”可知，此时宾语从句用一般将来时，排除选项B（为一般过去时）。故选A。 10．（2025·湖北武汉·中考真题）—David, what’s the meaning of “A promise is a promise”? —It tells us ________. A．what promise we must keep B．when do we make a promise C．why should we make a promise D．how important keeping a promise is 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——大卫，“承诺就是承诺”是什么意思？——它告诉我们信守诺言是多么重要。考查宾语从句。句子是宾语从句，用陈述语序，排除BC；根据“A promise is a promise”可知，“承诺就是承诺”告诉我们信守诺言很重要，用how引导宾语从句。故选D。 11．（2025·山东东营·中考真题）________ you’ve finished your homework, you may go out and play. A．Since B．Before C．Unless D．Although 【答案】A 【详解】句意：既然你完成了作业，你就可以出去玩。考查连词辨析。Since既然；Before在……之前；Unless除非；Although虽然。根据“you’ve finished your homework, you may go out and play.”可知是指既然完成了作业，就可以出去玩了。故选A。 12．（2025·海南·中考真题）After the speech, it was time for photos. ________ some of our eyes were wet, we still tried to show bright smiles. A．But B．So C．Although 【答案】C 【详解】句意：演讲结束后，是拍照的时间。尽管我们中有些人的眼睛湿了，我们仍然努力展现出明亮的笑容。考查连词辨析。But但是；So所以；Although尽管。此处从句“some of our eyes were wet”与主句“we still tried to show bright smiles”构成让步关系，需用Although引导让步状语从句，故选C。 13．（2025·西藏·中考真题）________ or not you’re successful, you must try your best. A．Whether B．If C．Either D．Neither 【答案】A 【详解】句意：无论你是否成功，你必须尽你最大的努力。考查让步状语从句。Whether是否，无论；If如果，是否，一般不与“or not”搭配使用；Either两者中的任一；Neither两者都不。此处指“无论”你是否成功，用“Whether or not”固定搭配，意为“无论是否”，用于引导让步状语从句。故选A。 14．（2025·四川凉山·中考真题）—Labor education is important for students’ development. —Sure. ________ schools put it into practice, students will be more independent. A．Although B．Unless C．If 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——劳动教育对学生的发展很重要。——当然。如果学校把它付诸实践，学生将更加独立。考查if引导的条件状语从句。Although尽管；Unless除非；If如果。根据“...schools put it into practice, students will be more independent.”可知，如果学校把它付诸实践，学生将更加独立，用if引导条件状语从句。故选C。 15．（2025·江苏无锡·中考真题）________ it may not work on everyone, it may work on you. A．Though B．But C．Because D．Since 【答案】A 【详解】句意：虽然它可能不会对每个人都有效，但它可能对你有效。 考查连词辨析。Though尽管，虽然；But但是；Because因为；Since自从。根据“... it may not work on everyone, it may work on you.”可知，此处表示让步关系，表示尽管它可能不会对每个人有效，但可能对你有效，用though引导让步状语从句。故选A。 16．（2025·四川乐山·中考真题）It is good for your health ________ you take a walk after supper. A．until B．if C．although 【答案】B 【详解】句意：如果你晚饭后散步，它对你的健康有好处。考查连词辨析。until直到；if如果；although虽然。分析句子可知，后句是前句的肯定条件，用if引导条件状语从句。故选B。 17．（2025·黑龙江绥化·中考真题）Nowadays more and more people take exercise every day ________ they can have healthier bodies. A．such that B．in order to C．so that 【答案】C 【详解】句意：如今，越来越多的人每天锻炼身体，这样他们才能拥有更健康的身体。考查so that引导的目的状语从句。such that到这样的程度； in order to do sth.为了做某事；so that以便于，后接从句。“每天锻炼”的目的是“拥有更健康的身体”，空后是句子，用so that引导目的状语从句。故选C。 18．（2025·江苏扬州·中考真题）The wind power of our country develops more quickly ________ we push for green energy. A．though B．before C．as D．until 【答案】C 【详解】句意：随着我们推动绿色能源发展，我国的风力发电发展得更快了。考查连词辨析。though虽然；before在……之前；as随着；until直到……为止。根据“The wind power of our country develops more quickly...we push for green energy.”可知，as符合语境，引导时间状语从句，表示“随着我们推动绿色能源发展，我国的风力发电发展得更快了”。故选C。 19．（2025·江苏连云港·中考真题）________ over 400 million adults are too heavy, China has made a plan to help its people with weight control. A．Since B．Unless C．Though D．Until 【答案】A 【详解】句意：因为超过4亿成年人体重超标，中国制定了一个计划来帮助人们控制体重。 考查从属连词辨析。Since因为；Unless除非；Though尽管；Until直到。根据“over 400 million adults are too heavy”可知，“超过4亿成年人体重超标”是“制定计划来帮助人们控制体重”的原因，用since引导原因状语从句。故选A。 20．（2025·四川成都·中考真题）Xu Dawei wants to pass the Civilian Mobile Library on to his son ________ it can stay open forever. A．before B．although C．so that 【答案】C 【详解】句意：徐大伟想把民间流动图书馆传给儿子，让它永远开放。 考查连词辨析。before在……之前；although虽然；so that以便于。分析句子可知，“把民间流动图书馆传给儿子”的目的是“让它永远开放”，用so that引导目的状语从句。故选C。 21．（2025·四川攀枝花·中考真题）In Journey to the West, my favourite character is Wukong ________ keeps fighting to help the weak. A．who B．whom C．whose D．which 【答案】A 【详解】句意：在《西游记》中，我最喜欢的角色是悟空，他不断战斗来帮助弱者。 who谁；whom谁；whose谁的；which哪一个。先行词是Wukong，指人，且关系代词在从句中作主语，应用who。 22．（2025·西藏·中考真题）The story ________ my grandfather told me about Qian Xuesen is touching. A．who B．whom C．whose D．which 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我祖父告诉我的关于钱学森的故事很感人。考查定语从句关系代词。who指代人，在句中作主语；whom指代人，在句中作宾语；whose表示所属关系，在句中作定语；which指代事物，在句中作主语或宾语。根据“The story... mygrand father told me about Qian Xuesen...”可知，先行词是“story”故事，指代事物，且从句中缺少宾语，故选D。 23．（2025·四川乐山·中考真题）Chengdu is a city in China ________ has two airports because of the opening of Chengdu Tianfu International Airport. A．where B．who C．that 【答案】C 【详解】句意：由于成都天府国际机场的开放，成都是中国一个有两个机场的城市。 考查定语从句。句子是定语从句，先行词是a city，关系词在从句中作主语，用that引导定语从句。故选C。 24．（2025·黑龙江·中考真题）The high-technology clothes ________ the players wore helped them perform better in the 9th Asian Winter Games. A．that B．who C．what 【答案】A 【详解】句意：运动员穿的高科技服装帮助他们在第九届亚冬会上表现更好。考查定语从句的引导词。that无实义，引导定语从句，先行词指物或人；who谁，引导定语从句，先行词指人；what什么，引导宾语从句。根据“The high-technology clothes…the players wore”可知原句是定语从句，且先行词是物，应用that引导。故选A。 25．（2025·黑龙江绥化·中考真题）—Did you watch the most exciting dance ________ was performed by robots during the Spring Festival Gala of the Year of the Snake? —Yes, it was amazing. A．which B．that C．who 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你看过蛇年春节联欢晚会上机器人表演的最激动人心的舞蹈吗？——是的，它太棒了。考查定语从句。句子是定语从句，先行词是dance，且先行词有最高级修饰，关系词在从句中作主语，用that引导定语从句。故选B。 26．（2025·四川遂宁·中考真题）—What kinds of after-school activities do you like? —I like those activities ________ are about P.E. and art. A．who B．whom C．which D．/ 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你喜欢什么样的课外活动？——我喜欢那些关于体育和艺术的活动。 考查定语从句关系词。who谁，引导定语从句时，在句中作主语或宾语，先行词指人；whom谁，引导定语从句时，在句中作宾语，先行词指人；which哪一个，引导定语从句时，在句中作主语或宾语，先行词指物；/不填。根据“activities ...are about P. E. and art”可知，先行词“activities”是物，且从句缺少主语，应用关系代词which引导定语从句，故选C。 27．（2025·四川达州·中考真题）—What kind of music do you like? —I like music ________ I can dance to. When I hear the songs, I’m full of energy. A．what B．why C．that 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你喜欢什么类型的音乐？——我喜欢能跟着跳舞的音乐。当我听到这些歌时，我就充满能量。考查定语从句的关系词。what不引导定语从句； why引导定语从句时，在句中作状语，先行词是the reason；that引导定语从句时，在句中作主语或宾语，先行词是物或人。根据“I like music...I can dance to.”可知，空格处为定语从句的引导词，从句缺宾语，先行词music为物，故应用关系代词that。故选C。 28．（2025·四川成都·中考真题）It’s hard to say goodbye to the teachers ________ have spent the past three years with us. A．which B．who C．what 【答案】B 【详解】句意：和那些过去三年与我们共度时光的老师们告别很难。考查定语从句关系代词的用法。which先行词指物；who先行词指人；what不引导定语从句。空格处引导定语从句修饰先行词teachers，指人，需用关系代词who引导。故选B。 二、语法选择 （2025·广东·中考真题） 请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，根据语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每小题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将对应选项涂黑。 Lily works as a main cook in a famous restaurant. It was her mom who guided her into the world of cooking. When she was a little girl, Lily spent a lot of time with mom in the kitchen. She remembered that she would always sit there 1 watch mom cooking. She was curious about 2 mom was busy with. When she was older, she 3 to do easy tasks like beating eggs. Later on, while mom was making dumplings, Lily would help cut vegetables 4 a small knife. She also learned how to make dumplings of 5 shapes. To a girl of her age, cooking was real magic. As Lily grew up, she learned more about food and tried cooking 6 dishes than before. After finishing college, she decided 7 in a restaurant. With wild imagination, she came up with many new ideas and started to create 8 own dishes. So far, she 9 many dishes with special tastes. All these dishes are popular with customers. Today, the kitchen is still a place for Lily and mom to have 10 fun together. Every time before a family dinner party, they will cooperate to plan a menu. Cooking has kept their mother-daughter relationship strong. 1．A．or B．and C．but 2．A．what B．that C．whether 3．A．is allowed B．was allowed C．was allowing 4．A．by B．for C．with 5．A．different B．difference C．differently 6．A．difficult B．more difficult C．the most difficult 7．A．work B．working C．to work 8．A．her B．hers C．herself 9．A．invents B．will invent C．has invented 10．A．/ B．a C．the 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．B 4．C 5．A 6．B 7．C 8．A 9．C 10．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了莉莉在母亲引导下走上烹饪之路，并最终成为一名出色厨师的故事。 1．句意：她记得自己总是坐在那里看妈妈做饭。 or或者；and和，并且；but但是。根据“sit there”和“watch Mom cooking”可知，前后两个动作是顺承关系，用and连接。故选B。 2．句意：她对妈妈在忙什么感到好奇。 what什么；that那个；whether是否。根据“She was curious about...Mom was busy with.”可知，此处指对妈妈在忙什么感到好奇，用what引导宾语从句，并在从句中作宾语。故选A。 3．句意：当她长大一点时，她被允许做一些简单的任务，比如打鸡蛋。 is allowed被允许，一般现在时的被动语态；was allowed被允许，一般过去时的被动语态；was allowing允许，过去进行时。根据“When she was older”可知，时态是一般过去时，主语she和动词allow之间是被动关系，用一般过去时的被动语态。故选B。 4．句意：后来，当妈妈包饺子时，莉莉会用小刀帮忙切菜。 by通过；for为了；with用。根据“Lily would help cut vegetables...a small knife”可知，此处指用小刀切菜，用介词with。故选C。 5．句意：她还学会了如何包不同形状的饺子。 different不同的，形容词；difference不同，名词；differently不同地，副词。根据“shapes”可知，此处用形容词different修饰名词shapes，表示“不同形状的饺子”。故选A。 6．句意：随着莉莉的成长，她对食物有了更多的了解，并尝试烹饪比以前更难的菜肴。 difficult困难的；more difficult更困难的；the most difficult最困难的。根据“than before”可知，此处用比较级more difficult。故选B。 7．句意：大学毕业后，她决定在一家餐馆工作。 work工作，动词原形；working工作，动名词或现在分词；to work工作，动词不定式。decide to do sth.“决定做某事”，用动词不定式作宾语。故选C。 8．句意：她有着丰富的想象力，想出了许多新点子，并开始创作自己的菜肴。 her她的，形容词性物主代词；hers她的，名词性物主代词；herself她自己，反身代词。根据“own dishes”可知，此处用形容词性物主代词her修饰名词dishes，表示“她自己的菜肴”。故选A。 9．句意：到目前为止，她已经发明了许多味道特别的菜肴。 invents发明，一般现在时；will invent将发明，一般将来时；has invented已经发明，现在完成时。根据“So far”可知，时态是现在完成时，用has invented。故选C。 10．句意：今天，厨房仍然是莉莉和妈妈一起享受乐趣的地方。 /不填；a一个，不定冠词；the这个，定冠词。have fun“玩得开心，享受乐趣”，动词短语，中间不加冠词。故选A。 三、短文填空 （2025·四川攀枝花·中考真题） 根据所提供的单词或者首字母，用单词的适当形式完成短文。请将答案写在答题卡上，直接写在试卷上不给分。 The CR450 is a new high-speed train that can go very fast! The train can reach a test speed of 450 kilometers per hour and will run at 400 kilometers per hour with passengers. H 1 amazing it is! This means it will be the 2 (fast) high-speed train in the world! The China State Railway Group, which made the train, says the CR450 is excellent in many 3 (area). It goes fast, stops quickly, uses less energy, and 4 (make) little noise. First, even t 5 the CR450 goes super fast, it is still very safe and comfortable. Second, the train’s weight is cut by 10%. So its lighter body helps the train save energy. 6 (three), the inside of the train is quiet, just like the slower trains, providing a peaceful travel experience. At last, the train offers passengers more space t 7 other trains. And there are also special places for luggage, bikes and even wheelchairs, so everyone has enough room for 8 (they) things. The CR450 is coming at full speed with a bright future, which is really 9 (meaning) in the history of China’s railway development. We are looking forward to 10 (travel) in the train as quickly as possible. 【答案】 1．How/ow 2．fastest 3．areas 4．makes 5．though/hough 6．Third/Thirdly 7．than/han 8．their 9．meaningful 10．traveling/travelling 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国新型高速列车CR450，包括其速度、在多个方面的卓越表现、特点以及它在中国铁路发展历史上的重要意义等。 1．句意：它是多么令人惊叹啊！根据“...amazing it is!”可知，此处是感叹句，结构为“How+形容词+主语+谓语”。 2．句意：这意味着它将成为世界上最快的高速列车！“in the world”提示此处应用形容词最高级fastest“最快的”。 3．句意：制造这列火车的中国国家铁路集团表示，CR450在许多领域都很出色。many后接可数名词复数areas“领域”。 4．句意：它速度快，停车快，能耗低，噪音小。此处描述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语是It，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式makes“使”。 5．句意：首先，即使CR450的速度超快，它仍然非常安全舒适。根据“even...the CR450 goes super fast, it is still very safe and comfortable.”，此处是让步关系，是even though引导的让步状语从句。 6．句意：第三，火车内部很安静，就像较慢的火车一样，提供了宁静的旅行体验。根据“First...Second...At last...”可知，此处表示“第三”，用Third或Thirdly。 7．句意：最后，这列火车为乘客提供的空间比其他火车多。根据“more space...other trains”，此处是more...than...结构，表示“比……多”。 8．句意：还有专门的地方放行李、自行车甚至轮椅，所以每个人都有足够的空间放他们的东西。此处修饰名词things，用形容词性物主代词their“他们的”。 9．句意：CR450正以全速驶来，前景光明，这在中国铁路发展史上确实很有意义。此处作表语，用形容词meaningful“有意义的”。 10．句意：我们期待着尽快乘坐这列火车旅行。look forward to doing sth.“期待做某事”，动名词作宾语，travel的动名词是traveling/travelling。 试卷第1页，共3页 1 / 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $