Unit 6 课时1 A Viewing and listening & B Speaking（分层作业）英语新教材沪教版五四制八年级下册

Unit6 Friendship 课时1 A Viewing and listening & B Speaking分层作业 核心知识速记 03拓展培优 01基础达标 04思维进阶 02能力提升 ( 核心词汇 magic n. 魔法；魔力 garden n. 花园 tool n. 工具 seed n. 种子 shovel n. 铲；铁铲 fork n. 叉子；餐叉 fox n. 狐狸 cub n. 幼兽；崽 nest n. 鸟巢；巢穴 moor n. 旷野；荒野 homophone n. 同音异形异义词 counsellor n. 顾问；辅导员 cheerleader n. 啦啦队员 team n. 团队；队伍 play against 对抗；与……比赛 mean adj. 刻薄的；不友好的 unkind adj. 不友善的；刻薄的 e-game n. 电子游戏 核心短语 film clip 电影片段 garden tool 园艺工具 keep secrets 保守秘密（复现） word stress 单词重音 Teen Hotline 青少年热线 have a problem with sb. 和某人有矛盾 be proud of 为……感到骄傲 play against each other 相互对抗 stop being friends 不再做朋友 offer comfort 提供安慰 be mean to sb. 对某人刻薄 care about 关心；在意 ) 一、根据音标写单词 1．A dictionary is a useful ________ /tuːl/ for learning a new language. 2．It’s impolite to ________ /steə(r)/ at someone who looks different. 3．She enjoys ________ /'nɒvlz/ more than short stories because they have more details. 4．I love spending time with my friends, ________ /ɪˈspeʃəli/ when we share funny stories together. 5．________ / wen'evə(r)/ you feel sad, a good friend will always be there to listen. 二、翻译 6．友谊；友情 ________________ 7．体贴的；关心他人的 ________________ 8．与……相处融洽 ________________ 9．患难；在危难中 ________________ 10．与某人分享某物 ________________ 11．保持联系 ________________ 12．make friends with sb. ________________ 13．care about ________________ 14．be ready to help others ________________ 15．feel lonely ________________ 三、单项选择 16．The master, standing by the river, said “Time passes by like this, flowing away day and night”. This saying tries to tell us ________. A．who is standing by the river B．how important time is in our lives C．how is the water flowing D．why should we value time 17．—I failed the English test again. I’m so upset. —_________. You can do better next time if you keep practising. A．It’s not a big deal B．That’s impossible C．You’re so careless D．No problem 18．—I am feeling bad today and I feel nothing is going well. —Take it easy. Anyway, ________. A．many hands make light work B．a miss is as good as a mile C．tomorrow is another day D．it’s never too late to learn 19．The saying “All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy” tells us ________. A．what can Jack do to make himself funny B．how important it is to keep a balance between work and hobbies C．why should we work hard D．that we can work and play at the same time 20．—Tom did badly in maths test yesterday. —________ He exactly gets a good score each time. A．How come? B．I hope so. C．Good idea! D．I don’t care. 四、补全对话 Complete the following sentences as required. (根据情景要求，完成句子。) Topic: Two friends discussing the pressure to fit in with a popular group. Emma: Hey, Lucas. I saw you hanging out with the “cool kids” during lunch break again. You looked a bit uncomfortable. Lucas: Oh, hi Emma. Was it that obvious? I’m just trying to make new connections. Emma: There is nothing wrong with making friends. But you’ve changed recently. 1 ? (针对行为变化提问) Lucas: I started dressing differently and skipping science club because they think those things are “nerdy”. I guess I just want them to accept me. Emma: That sounds exhausting. Acting like someone else is hard work. 2 ? (一般疑问句) Lucas: No, I’m not really happy when I’m with them. I have to watch every word I say so I don’t sound uncool. It feels like wearing a mask. Emma: That’s peer pressure, Lucas. Real friends like you for who you are. 3 ? (针对后果提问) Lucas: If I showed them my real personality, they would probably laugh at me or kick me out of the group. They are quite judgmental. Emma: Then they aren’t worth your time. 4 ? (根据下文提问) Lucas: Sure. I should leave the group because staying with them is making me lose my confidence and ignore my old friends, like you. Emma: I’m glad you realize that. We miss the old Lucas. 5 ? (根据下文提问) Lucas: You’re right. I should apologize to the science club members and come back tomorrow. Being myself is more important than being popular. Complete the following sentences as required. (根据情景要求，完成句子。) Topic: A local student welcoming a new transfer student. Sarah: Hi! You must be the new student. I’m Sarah. Welcome to Class 3. Leo: Hi Sarah. Thanks. I’m Leo. I’m still trying to find my way around. The school is huge. Sarah: Don’t worry. You’ll get used to it. 1 ? (针对来源地提问) Leo: I’m from Beijing. My family moved to Shanghai just last week because of my dad’s new job. Sarah: That’s a big change. Shanghai is very different from Beijing. 2 ? (针对喜好/兴趣提问)    Leo: In my free time, I really like playing basketball. I hope to join the school team if there is one. Sarah: You’re in luck! Our basketball team is the best in the district. 3 ? (一般疑问句)     Leo: No, I don’t know anyone on the team yet. Actually, I don’t know anyone in the whole school except you. Sarah: Well, now you know me! I can introduce you to the captain later. 4 ? (针对原因提问) Leo: I’m a bit nervous because my English isn’t perfect. I heard the English classes here are difficult. Sarah: You speak very well! We help each other out. 5 ? (根据下文提问) Leo: Have lunch with you? That would be great! I didn’t want to sit alone in the cafeteria on my first day. 五、单词拼写 1．He agreed ________ (lie) to his parents anymore because he realized that honesty is important in building trust. 2．He finds it hard ________ (finish) the work in two days. 3．—Jim, would you mind ________ (dig) a hole for me to plant a tree?   —Not at all. 4．________ (care) for others is a good way to make friends. 5．My friend often helps me ________ (improve) my spoken English. 6．Thank you for ________ (share) your wonderful ideas with me. 7．They ________ (chat) online when I called them last night. 8．I think ________ (friend) is the most valuable thing in life. 9．Parents should remember to keep ________ (knife) out of children’s reach. 10．We should ________ (respect) different ideas from friends. 11．________ (laugh) can make our friendship stronger. 12．He is good at ________ (solve) problems with his friends. 13．The story ________ (touch) my heart deeply last week. 14．We must avoid ________ (fight) with our best friends. 15．True friends should ________ (honest) with each other. 六、语法选择 The Empty Seat Moving to a new school is never easy. For 14-year-old Alice, the first day at Green Valley Middle School felt like a nightmare. She stood at the school gate, watching groups of students laughing and talking. Everyone seemed to know each other, 1 her. She walked into the classroom quietly and found a seat in the back corner. When the bell rang, a girl with short hair rushed in. She looked around and saw the empty seat next to Alice. “Is this seat 2 ?” she asked with a bright smile. Alice shook her head. The girl sat down and introduced herself as Maya. Maya was talkative and funny. She invited Alice to have lunch with her friends. At the cafeteria, Alice felt nervous at first. She didn’t know 3 to say. But Maya kept asking her questions about her old school and her hobbies. Slowly, Alice began to relax. She realized that Maya was trying hard to make her 4 welcome. They discovered that they both loved drawing cartoons. It was a common interest that brought them closer. By the end of the day, Alice no longer felt lonely. She learned that 5 friends requires courage. You need to open your heart first. If Maya hadn't said “Hello”, Alice 6 the day alone. A simple greeting can hold great power. It is the key that opens the door of friendship. Now, Alice and Maya are inseparable. They help each other with homework and 7 secrets. Alice knows that she is lucky. How wonderful it is to have a friend who understands you! Friendship 8 on trust and kindness. 9 you are shy, don't be afraid to smile at others. You never know who 10 your next best friend. 1．A．except B．beside C．besides 2．A．to take B．taking C．taken 3．A．what B．how C．that 4．A．felt B．feeling C．feel 5．A．make B．making C．made 6．A．might have spent B．have spent C．spent 7．A．share B．shares C．shared 8．A．builds B．is built C．built 9．A．Even though B．Because C．Unless 10．A．become B．becomes C．will become 七、短文填空 Complete the passage with the given words in their proper forms. (用所给单词的适当形式完成短文，使其内容通顺。) I used to be a very quiet student. I sat in the back row and 1 (hard) spoke to anyone. I  felt that nobody understood the real me. Then, a new girl named Bella joined our class. Bella was different. She was the most 2 (cheer) person I had ever met. She had a way of 3 (walk) that made her look like she was dancing. She joined the school cheerleader team on her first day. Everyone liked her because she was always ready to tell a 4 (fun) joke to make people laugh. One rainy afternoon, I was feeling down. Bella walked up to my desk and stared at me. “Why the long face?” she asked. Before I could answer, she handed me a packet of candy. It was a simple act, but it felt 5 (magic). That small packet had a deep 6 (mean) to me; it meant someone noticed me. We started talking. I found out that she was not just loud and happy; she was also deeply 7 (care). She listened to my problems 8 (patient). We became best friends. 9 (when) I feel  lonely now, I just call her. Her voice works like a charm. Friendship is a wonderful thing. It can turn a boring, grey world into a colorful one. It gives you a 10 (firmly) ground to stand on when life gets tough. 八、任务型阅读 In 1925, a terrible diphtheria (白喉疫情) outbreak hit Nome, Alaska. Sick children needed medicine desperately, but Nome’s harbour was frozen solid in the bitter Arctic winter, and fierce storms made plane landings impossible. The only hope was to deliver the serum (血清) via sled dog teams, which had to brave the freezing, snow-covered wilderness. Leonhard Seppala and his clever lead dog Togo took on the hardest part. They crossed the dangerous Norton Sound, where thin ice creaked and threatened to break anytime. Togo used his sharp senses to find safe paths, leading the team through stinging bitter winds and blinding snow. After a tough journey, they passed the medicine to another musher (赶狗拉雪橇的人). Gunnar Kaasen and his brave husky Balto then took over. A fierce blizzard hit soon, hiding the trail completely. Balto relied on his powerful nose to sniff out the way. Suddenly, a strong gust flipped the sled, and the serum fell into the snow. Kaasen panicked, but Balto’s loud, determined barks encouraged him to find the serum and keep going. Finally, Balto led the team into Nome. Townsfolk cheered wildly, because their children were saved! Togo and Balto became heroes, and their journey inspired the famous Iditarod sled dog race. But years later, people mostly remembered Balto when talking about the Serum Run, while Togo, who ran the longest and most dangerous part, was nearly forgotten.Task 1: Answer the questions. 1．Why couldn’t planes deliver the medicine to Nome? 2．What dangerous place did Togo and Seppala cross during the journey? 3．How did Balto find the way in the blizzard? 4．What happened when the sled flipped over during Balto’s trip? 5．What race was inspired by Togo and Balto’s journey? Task 2: Writing. 6．Based on the passage, write down how people remembered Togo again. Write sentences in about 30 words.     ( 1 / 13 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit6 Friendship 课时1 A Viewing and listening & B Speaking分层作业 一、根据音标写单词 1．【答案】tool 2．【答案】stare 3．【答案】novels 4．【答案】especially 5．【答案】Whenever 二、翻译 【答案】 6．friendship 7．caring 8．get along with 9．in need 10．share sth. with sb. 11．stay in touch with 12．与某人交朋友 13．关心；在意 14．准备帮助他人 15．感到孤独 三、单项选择 16．【答案】B 17．【答案】A 18．【答案】C 19．【答案】B 20．【答案】A 四、补全对话 【答案】1．Why have you changed (recently)/Why are you acting differently 2．Are you (really) happy when you are with them 3．What would happen if you showed them your real personality 4．Why don’t you leave the group 5．Why don’t you apologize to the science club members and come back 【答案】1．Where are you from 2．What do you like doing in your free time 3．Do you know anyone on the team 4．Why do you look a bit nervous 5．Would you like to have lunch with me 五、单词拼写 1．【答案】not to lie 2．【答案】to finish 3．【答案】digging 4．【答案】Caring 5．【答案】to improve/improve 6．【答案】sharing 7．【答案】were chatting 8．【答案】friendship 9．【答案】knives 10．【答案】respect 11．【答案】Laughter 12．【答案】solving 13．【答案】touched 14．【答案】fighting 15．【答案】be honest 六、语法选择 【答案】 1．A 2．C 3．A 4．C 5．B 6．A 7．A 8．B 9．A 10．C 七、短文填空 【答案】 1．hardly 2．cheerful 3．walking 4．funny 5．magical 6．meaning 7．caring 8．patiently 9．Whenever 10．firm 八、任务型阅读 【答案】1．Because storms stopped planes from landing in Nome. 2．They crossed the dangerous Norton Sound. 3．He relied on his powerful nose to sniff out the way. 4．The medicine fell out of the sled, and Balto’s barks encouraged Kaasen to find it and keep going. 5．The famous Iditarod sled dog race was inspired by their journey. 6．One day, a young journalist visited Nome to write about the Serum Run. Over time, people dug into the details of the Serum Run and finally remembered Togo. ( 1 / 13 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit6 Friendship 课时1 A Viewing and listening & B Speaking分层作业 核心知识速记 03拓展培优 01基础达标 04思维进阶 02能力提升 ( 核心词汇 magic n. 魔法；魔力 garden n. 花园 tool n. 工具 seed n. 种子 shovel n. 铲；铁铲 fork n. 叉子；餐叉 fox n. 狐狸 cub n. 幼兽；崽 nest n. 鸟巢；巢穴 moor n. 旷野；荒野 homophone n. 同音异形异义词 counsellor n. 顾问；辅导员 cheerleader n. 啦啦队员 team n. 团队；队伍 play against 对抗；与……比赛 mean adj. 刻薄的；不友好的 unkind adj. 不友善的；刻薄的 e-game n. 电子游戏 核心短语 film clip 电影片段 garden tool 园艺工具 keep secrets 保守秘密（复现） word stress 单词重音 Teen Hotline 青少年热线 have a problem with sb. 和某人有矛盾 be proud of 为……感到骄傲 play against each other 相互对抗 stop being friends 不再做朋友 offer comfort 提供安慰 be mean to sb. 对某人刻薄 care about 关心；在意 ) 一、根据音标写单词 1．A dictionary is a useful ________ /tuːl/ for learning a new language. 【答案】tool 【详解】句意：字典是学习一门新语言的有用工具。根据音标可知，此处是名词tool“工具”，作表语。故填tool。 2．It’s impolite to ________ /steə(r)/ at someone who looks different. 【答案】stare 【详解】句意：盯着看起来与众不同的人看是不礼貌的。音标/steə(r)/对应的单词是stare，意思是“盯着看、凝视”，stare at表示“盯着……看”；句子结构是 It’s + 形容词 + to do sth.，所以这里用动词原形stare。故填stare。 3．She enjoys ________ /'nɒvlz/ more than short stories because they have more details. 【答案】novels 【详解】句意：比起短篇故事，她更喜欢小说，因为小说有更多细节。音标/ˈnɒvlz/对应的单词是novels，是novel（小说）的复数形式。故填novels。 4．I love spending time with my friends, ________ /ɪˈspeʃəli/ when we share funny stories together. 【答案】especially 【详解】句意：我喜欢和朋友们在一起，尤其是当我们一起分享有趣的故事时。根据音标可知，此处是副词especially“尤其、特别”，作状语。故填especially。 5．________ / wen'evə(r)/ you feel sad, a good friend will always be there to listen. 【答案】Whenever 【详解】句意：每当你感到悲伤时，一个好朋友总是会在那里倾听。根据音标可知，此处是连词whenever“无论何时”，引导一个状语从句，句首首字母大写。故填Whenever。 二、翻译 6．友谊；友情 ________________ 7．体贴的；关心他人的 ________________ 8．与……相处融洽 ________________ 9．患难；在危难中 ________________ 10．与某人分享某物 ________________ 11．保持联系 ________________ 12．make friends with sb. ________________ 13．care about ________________ 14．be ready to help others ________________ 15．feel lonely ________________ 【答案】 6．friendship 7．caring 8．get along with 9．in need 10．share sth. with sb. 11．stay in touch with 12．与某人交朋友 13．关心；在意 14．准备帮助他人 15．感到孤独 【解析】略 三、单项选择 16．The master, standing by the river, said “Time passes by like this, flowing away day and night”. This saying tries to tell us ________. A．who is standing by the river B．how important time is in our lives C．how is the water flowing D．why should we value time 【答案】B 【详解】句意：大师站在河边说：“时光如流水般流逝，日夜不停。”它试图告诉我们时间在我们的生活中有多重要。 宾语从句需用陈述语序，即连接词后接主语和谓语。B项为陈述语序且符合名言寓意。 17．—I failed the English test again. I’m so upset. —_________. You can do better next time if you keep practising. A．It’s not a big deal B．That’s impossible C．You’re so careless D．No problem 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——我英语考试又没及格，我好沮丧。——没什么大不了的。如果你坚持练习，下次你能做得更好。 It’s not a big deal没什么大不了的；That’s impossible那不可能；You’re so careless你太粗心；No problem没问题。根据语境，对方需要安慰，It’s not a big deal符合鼓励的语气，应选It’s not a big deal。 18．—I am feeling bad today and I feel nothing is going well. —Take it easy. Anyway, ________. A．many hands make light work B．a miss is as good as a mile C．tomorrow is another day D．it’s never too late to learn 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我今天感觉很糟糕，觉得一切都不顺利。——别紧张。不管怎样，明天又是新的一天。 many hands make light work意为“众人拾柴火焰高”；a miss is as good as a mile意为“失之毫厘，谬以千里”；tomorrow is another day意为“明天又是新的一天”；it’s never too late to learn意为“活到老，学到老”。根据“Take it easy. Anyway”可知，此处是安慰对方，表示不要着急，明天又是新的一天，应填tomorrow is another day。 19．The saying “All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy” tells us ________. A．what can Jack do to make himself funny B．how important it is to keep a balance between work and hobbies C．why should we work hard D．that we can work and play at the same time 【答案】B 【详解】句意：俗语“只工作不玩耍，聪明孩子也变傻”告诉我们保持工作和爱好之间的平衡是多么重要。 根据“All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy”可知，这句话强调劳逸结合的重要性。此外，“tells us”后接宾语从句需用陈述语序，A、C选项为疑问语序，排除；D选项意思不符。B选项语序正确且符合句意。 20．—Tom did badly in maths test yesterday. —________ He exactly gets a good score each time. A．How come? B．I hope so. C．Good idea! D．I don’t care. 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——汤姆昨天的数学考试考得很糟糕。——怎么会这样？他每次都能取得好成绩。 How come怎么会（表示惊讶）；I hope so我希望如此；Good idea好主意；I don’t care我不在乎。根据答句“He exactly gets a good score each time.”可知，汤姆每次都能取得好成绩，答话人对汤姆考得很差这一情况表示惊讶，因此应用How come。 四、补全对话 Complete the following sentences as required. (根据情景要求，完成句子。) Topic: Two friends discussing the pressure to fit in with a popular group. Emma: Hey, Lucas. I saw you hanging out with the “cool kids” during lunch break again. You looked a bit uncomfortable. Lucas: Oh, hi Emma. Was it that obvious? I’m just trying to make new connections. Emma: There is nothing wrong with making friends. But you’ve changed recently. 1 ? (针对行为变化提问) Lucas: I started dressing differently and skipping science club because they think those things are “nerdy”. I guess I just want them to accept me. Emma: That sounds exhausting. Acting like someone else is hard work. 2 ? (一般疑问句) Lucas: No, I’m not really happy when I’m with them. I have to watch every word I say so I don’t sound uncool. It feels like wearing a mask. Emma: That’s peer pressure, Lucas. Real friends like you for who you are. 3 ? (针对后果提问) Lucas: If I showed them my real personality, they would probably laugh at me or kick me out of the group. They are quite judgmental. Emma: Then they aren’t worth your time. 4 ? (根据下文提问) Lucas: Sure. I should leave the group because staying with them is making me lose my confidence and ignore my old friends, like you. Emma: I’m glad you realize that. We miss the old Lucas. 5 ? (根据下文提问) Lucas: You’re right. I should apologize to the science club members and come back tomorrow. Being myself is more important than being popular. 【答案】1．Why have you changed (recently)/Why are you acting differently 2．Are you (really) happy when you are with them 3．What would happen if you showed them your real personality 4．Why don’t you leave the group 5．Why don’t you apologize to the science club members and come back 【导语】本文主要介绍了Emma和Lucas讨论Lucas为了融入受欢迎的小团体而改变自己，Emma引导他认识到真正的友谊和自我价值的重要性。 1．根据题干要求“针对行为变化提问”及下文Lucas回答“I started dressing differently and skipping science club...”可知，此处应询问Lucas最近为什么改变/行为为什么不同，故可用Why have you changed (recently)/Why are you acting differently。 2．根据题干要求“一般疑问句”及下文Lucas回答“No, I’m not really happy when I’m with them.”可知，此处应询问Lucas和他们在一起时是否开心，故可用Are you (really) happy when you are with them。 3．根据题干要求“针对后果提问”及下文Lucas回答“If I showed them my real personality, they would probably laugh at me...”可知，此处应询问如果Lucas展现真实个性会发生什么，故可用What would happen if you showed them your real personality。 4．根据题干要求“根据下文提问”及下文Lucas回答“Sure. I should leave the group...”可知，Emma应询问Lucas为什么不离开那个团体，故可用Why don’t you leave the group。 5．根据题干要求“根据下文提问”及下文Lucas回答“You’re right. I should apologize to the science club members and come back tomorrow.”可知，Emma应询问Lucas为什么不向科学俱乐部的成员道歉并回来，故可用Why don’t you apologize to the science club members and come back。 Complete the following sentences as required. (根据情景要求，完成句子。) Topic: A local student welcoming a new transfer student. Sarah: Hi! You must be the new student. I’m Sarah. Welcome to Class 3. Leo: Hi Sarah. Thanks. I’m Leo. I’m still trying to find my way around. The school is huge. Sarah: Don’t worry. You’ll get used to it. 1 ? (针对来源地提问) Leo: I’m from Beijing. My family moved to Shanghai just last week because of my dad’s new job. Sarah: That’s a big change. Shanghai is very different from Beijing. 2 ? (针对喜好/兴趣提问)    Leo: In my free time, I really like playing basketball. I hope to join the school team if there is one. Sarah: You’re in luck! Our basketball team is the best in the district. 3 ? (一般疑问句)     Leo: No, I don’t know anyone on the team yet. Actually, I don’t know anyone in the whole school except you. Sarah: Well, now you know me! I can introduce you to the captain later. 4 ? (针对原因提问) Leo: I’m a bit nervous because my English isn’t perfect. I heard the English classes here are difficult. Sarah: You speak very well! We help each other out. 5 ? (根据下文提问) Leo: Have lunch with you? That would be great! I didn’t want to sit alone in the cafeteria on my first day. 【答案】1．Where are you from 2．What do you like doing in your free time 3．Do you know anyone on the team 4．Why do you look a bit nervous 5．Would you like to have lunch with me 【导语】本文主要介绍了Sarah欢迎新转学生Leo，两人互相了解并约好一起吃午饭。 1．根据题干要求“针对来源地提问”及下文Leo回答“I’m from Beijing.”可知，此处应询问Leo来自哪里，故可用Where are you from。 2．根据题干要求“针对喜好/兴趣提问”及下文Leo回答“In my free time, I really like playing basketball.”可知，此处应询问Leo空闲时间喜欢做什么，故可用What do you like doing in your free time。 3．根据题干要求“一般疑问句”及下文Leo回答“No, I don’t know anyone on the team yet.”可知，此处应询问Leo是否认识球队里的人，故可用Do you know anyone on the team。 4．根据题干要求“针对原因提问”及下文Leo回答“I’m a bit nervous because my English isn’t perfect.”可知，此处应询问Leo看起来紧张的原因，故可用Why do you look a bit nervous。 5．根据题干要求“根据下文提问”及下文Leo回答“Have lunch with you? That would be great!”可知，Sarah应询问Leo是否愿意一起吃午饭，故可用Would you like to have lunch with me。 五、单词拼写 1．He agreed ________ (lie) to his parents anymore because he realized that honesty is important in building trust. 【答案】not to lie 【详解】句意：他同意不再对父母撒谎，因为他意识到诚实对于建立信任很重要。根据“agreed”提示，agree to do sth.“同意做某事”，根据“because he realized that honesty is important in building trust.”可知，空处指“不撒谎”，其否定形式为agree not to do sth.“同意不做某事”。lie的不定式形式是to lie，其否定形式为not to lie。 2．He finds it hard ________ (finish) the work in two days. 【答案】to finish 【详解】句意：他发现在两天内完成这项工作很难。固定句型find it+形容词+to do sth.表示“发现做某事是……的”，it为形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的不定式to finish。 3．—Jim, would you mind ________ (dig) a hole for me to plant a tree?   —Not at all. 【答案】digging 【详解】句意：——吉姆，你介意帮我挖个坑种树吗？——一点也不介意。mind后接动名词作宾语，构成固定搭配mind doing sth.，意为“介意做某事”，dig的动名词形式为digging。 4．________ (care) for others is a good way to make friends. 【答案】Caring 【详解】句意：关心别人是交朋友的好方法。分析句子结构可知，句子谓语是is，“... for others”是句子主语，动词不能直接作主语，需要变为动名词形式来表泛指的动作；care的动名词为caring，句首首字母需要大写。 5．My friend often helps me ________ (improve) my spoken English. 【答案】to improve/improve 【详解】句意：我的朋友经常帮助我提高英语口语。help sb. (to) do sth.是固定搭配，意为“帮助某人做某事”，不定式符号to可省略。 6．Thank you for ________ (share) your wonderful ideas with me. 【答案】sharing 【详解】句意：谢谢你和我分享你精彩的想法。句中“Thank you for”后接动名词作宾语，是固定搭配，提示词“share”为动词，需去掉词尾不发音的e再加-ing，变为动名词sharing，意为“分享”。 7．They ________ (chat) online when I called them last night. 【答案】were chatting 【详解】句意：昨晚我给他们打电话的时候，他们正在网上聊天。句中“when I called them last night”为过去的时间状语，提示主句动作在过去某个时刻正在进行，应用过去进行时，结构为“was/were+现在分词”，主语“They”为复数，be动词用were，chat变为现在分词需双写末尾辅音字母t再加-ing。 8．I think ________ (friend) is the most valuable thing in life. 【答案】friendship 【详解】句意：我认为友谊是生命中最珍贵的东西。句中宾语从句缺少主语，需用名词形式，提示词“friend”意为“朋友”，此处表示抽象的“友谊”概念，需将friend变为friendship，意为“友谊”。 9．Parents should remember to keep ________ (knife) out of children’s reach. 【答案】knives 【详解】句意：父母应该记得把刀放在孩子们够不到的地方。分析句子结构可知，此处填入可数名词作keep的宾语。由于空格前没有冠词，此处表示泛指这一类物品，需用名词的复数形式。knife的复数形式需将fe变为v再加es。 10．We should ________ (respect) different ideas from friends. 【答案】respect 【详解】句意：我们应该尊重朋友的不同观点。respect“尊重”，动词，位于情态动词“should”之后，使用动词原形。 11．________ (laugh) can make our friendship stronger. 【答案】Laughter 【详解】句意：笑声能够让我们的友谊更加牢固。根据“...can make our friendship stronger.”可知，“笑声”能够让我们的友谊更加牢固。laughter“笑声”，不可数名词。 12．He is good at ________ (solve) problems with his friends. 【答案】solving 【详解】句意：他擅长和朋友们解决问题。句中“be good at”是固定短语，意为“擅长”，其中“at”是介词，后接动词时需用动名词形式。动词solve的动名词形式为直接去e加-ing，即solving。 13．The story ________ (touch) my heart deeply last week. 【答案】touched 【详解】句意：这个故事上周深深触动了我的心。根据句中时间状语“last week”可知，句子要用一般过去时态，谓语动词要用touch的过去式形式touched。 14．We must avoid ________ (fight) with our best friends. 【答案】fighting 【详解】句意：我们必须避免与我们最要好的朋友发生争执。fight“打架/吵架”，动词，根据“avoid doing sth.”可知，空处使用动名词fighting。 15．True friends should ________ (honest) with each other. 【答案】be honest 【详解】句意：真正的朋友应该对彼此真诚。固定搭配be honest with sb意思是“对某人诚实”，should为情态动词后接动词原形。 六、语法选择 The Empty Seat Moving to a new school is never easy. For 14-year-old Alice, the first day at Green Valley Middle School felt like a nightmare. She stood at the school gate, watching groups of students laughing and talking. Everyone seemed to know each other, 1 her. She walked into the classroom quietly and found a seat in the back corner. When the bell rang, a girl with short hair rushed in. She looked around and saw the empty seat next to Alice. “Is this seat 2 ?” she asked with a bright smile. Alice shook her head. The girl sat down and introduced herself as Maya. Maya was talkative and funny. She invited Alice to have lunch with her friends. At the cafeteria, Alice felt nervous at first. She didn’t know 3 to say. But Maya kept asking her questions about her old school and her hobbies. Slowly, Alice began to relax. She realized that Maya was trying hard to make her 4 welcome. They discovered that they both loved drawing cartoons. It was a common interest that brought them closer. By the end of the day, Alice no longer felt lonely. She learned that 5 friends requires courage. You need to open your heart first. If Maya hadn't said “Hello”, Alice 6 the day alone. A simple greeting can hold great power. It is the key that opens the door of friendship. Now, Alice and Maya are inseparable. They help each other with homework and 7 secrets. Alice knows that she is lucky. How wonderful it is to have a friend who understands you! Friendship 8 on trust and kindness. 9 you are shy, don't be afraid to smile at others. You never know who 10 your next best friend. 1．A．except B．beside C．besides 2．A．to take B．taking C．taken 3．A．what B．how C．that 4．A．felt B．feeling C．feel 5．A．make B．making C．made 6．A．might have spent B．have spent C．spent 7．A．share B．shares C．shared 8．A．builds B．is built C．built 9．A．Even though B．Because C．Unless 10．A．become B．becomes C．will become 【答案】 1．A 2．C 3．A 4．C 5．B 6．A 7．A 8．B 9．A 10．C 【导语】本文主要讲述了转学到新学校的Alice在Maya的主动交流下，从孤独变得开朗，最终和Maya成为好友，并领悟到友谊需要勇气与真诚的故事。 1．句意：每个人似乎都互相认识，除了她。 except除了，介词；beside在……旁边，介词；besides此外，介词。根据“Moving to a new school is never easy…She stood at the school gate, watching groups of students laughing and talking”可知，Alice是新转来的学生，其他同学彼此熟悉，只有她是例外，此处表示“除了”。故选A。 2．句意：这个座位有人坐了吗？ to take乘坐，不定式；taking乘坐，动名词；taken被占用的，过去分词。根据“Is this seat…?”可知，此处是询问座位是否处于“被占用”的状态，过去分词可作表语表示状态。故选C。 3．句意：她不知道该说什么。 what什么，疑问词；how怎样，疑问词；that无实义，连词。根据“She didn’t know…to say”可知，此处需要疑问词作“say”的宾语，表示“说的内容”，所以用“what”。故选A。 4．句意：慢慢地，她意识到Maya正努力让她感到受欢迎。 felt感到，动词过去式；feeling感到，动名词；feel感到，动词原形。根据“make her…”可知，“make＋宾语＋动词原形”为固定结构，意为“让某人怎样”，此处用动词原形。故选C。 5．句意：她了解到交朋友需要勇气。 make结交，动词原形；making结交，动名词；made结交，动词过去式。根据“…friends requires courage”可知，此处“交朋友”作主语，动名词可作主语，所以用“making”。故选B。 6．句意：如果Maya没有说“你好”，Alice可能会独自度过这一天。 might have spent可能会度过，情态动词完成式；have spent已经度过，现在完成时；spent度过，动词过去式。根据“If Maya hadn’t said ‘Hello’”可知，此处是对过去情况的虚拟，主句要用“might have done”的结构，表示“可能会做了某事”。故选A。 7．句意：她们互相辅导作业，分享秘密。 share分享，动词原形；shares分享，动词第三人称单数；shared分享，动词过去式。根据“They help each other with homework and…”可知，“and”连接并列的动词，此处与“help”（动词原形）并列，所以用动词原形。故选A。 8．句意：友谊是建立在信任和善意之上的。 builds建立，动词第三人称单数；is built被建立，被动语态；built建立，动词过去式。根据“Friendship…on trust and kindness”可知，友谊是“被建立”的，要用被动语态，结构为“be+过去分词”。故选B。 9．句意：即使你很害羞，也不要害怕对别人微笑。 Even though即使，连词；Because因为，连词；Unless除非，连词。根据“…you are shy, don’t be afraid to smile at others”可知，前后是让步关系，表示“尽管害羞，也要微笑”，所以用“Even though”。故选A。 10．句意：你永远不知道谁会成为你最好的朋友。 become成为，动词原形；becomes成为，动词第三人称单数；will become将会成为，一般将来时。根据“You never know who…your next best friend”可知，此处是对未来情况的推测，要用一般将来时，表示“将会成为”。故选C。 七、短文填空 Complete the passage with the given words in their proper forms. (用所给单词的适当形式完成短文，使其内容通顺。) I used to be a very quiet student. I sat in the back row and 1 (hard) spoke to anyone. I  felt that nobody understood the real me. Then, a new girl named Bella joined our class. Bella was different. She was the most 2 (cheer) person I had ever met. She had a way of 3 (walk) that made her look like she was dancing. She joined the school cheerleader team on her first day. Everyone liked her because she was always ready to tell a 4 (fun) joke to make people laugh. One rainy afternoon, I was feeling down. Bella walked up to my desk and stared at me. “Why the long face?” she asked. Before I could answer, she handed me a packet of candy. It was a simple act, but it felt 5 (magic). That small packet had a deep 6 (mean) to me; it meant someone noticed me. We started talking. I found out that she was not just loud and happy; she was also deeply 7 (care). She listened to my problems 8 (patient). We became best friends. 9 (when) I feel  lonely now, I just call her. Her voice works like a charm. Friendship is a wonderful thing. It can turn a boring, grey world into a colorful one. It gives you a 10 (firmly) ground to stand on when life gets tough. 【答案】 1．hardly 2．cheerful 3．walking 4．funny 5．magical 6．meaning 7．caring 8．patiently 9．Whenever 10．firm 【导语】本文讲述作者从内向害羞到收获友谊的转变，通过新同学贝拉的善意举动，展现了友谊的温暖和力量。 1．句意：我坐在后排，几乎不和任何人说话。空格处修饰动词“spoke”，需用副词作状语，表示“几乎不”，hard的副词形式hardly意为“几乎不”。 2．句意：她是我见过的最开朗的人。空格前有“the most”，需用形容词构成最高级，修饰名词“person”，cheer的形容词形式cheerful意为“开朗的”。 3．句意：她走路的方式让她看起来像是在跳舞。介词“of”后需接动名词作宾语，walk的动名词形式是walking。 4．句意：每个人都喜欢她，因为她总是准备讲有趣的笑话逗人笑。空格后是名词“joke”，需用形容词作定语修饰，表示“有趣的”，fun的形容词形式是funny。 5．句意：这是一个简单的举动，但却感觉很神奇。“felt”是系动词，后需接形容词作表语，表示“感觉神奇的”，magic的形容词形式是magical。 6．句意：那小小的糖果对我有着深刻的意义；它意味着有人注意到了我。形容词“deep”后需接名词作宾语，mean的名词形式是meaning。 7．句意：我发现她不仅开朗快乐，而且非常关心他人。副词“deeply”后需接形容词作表语，描述人的品质，care的形容词形式caring意为“关心他人的”。 8．句意：她耐心地倾听我的问题。空格处修饰动词“listened”，需用副词作状语，表示“耐心地”，patient的副词形式是patiently。 9．句意：现在每当我感到孤独时，我就会给她打电话。空格引导时间状语从句，表示“每当……的时候”，需用从属连词Whenever，位于句首首字母大写。 10．句意：当生活变得艰难时，它给你坚实的地面来站立。空格后是名词“ground”，需用形容词作定语修饰，表示“坚实的”，firmly的形容词形式是firm。 八、任务型阅读 In 1925, a terrible diphtheria (白喉疫情) outbreak hit Nome, Alaska. Sick children needed medicine desperately, but Nome’s harbour was frozen solid in the bitter Arctic winter, and fierce storms made plane landings impossible. The only hope was to deliver the serum (血清) via sled dog teams, which had to brave the freezing, snow-covered wilderness. Leonhard Seppala and his clever lead dog Togo took on the hardest part. They crossed the dangerous Norton Sound, where thin ice creaked and threatened to break anytime. Togo used his sharp senses to find safe paths, leading the team through stinging bitter winds and blinding snow. After a tough journey, they passed the medicine to another musher (赶狗拉雪橇的人). Gunnar Kaasen and his brave husky Balto then took over. A fierce blizzard hit soon, hiding the trail completely. Balto relied on his powerful nose to sniff out the way. Suddenly, a strong gust flipped the sled, and the serum fell into the snow. Kaasen panicked, but Balto’s loud, determined barks encouraged him to find the serum and keep going. Finally, Balto led the team into Nome. Townsfolk cheered wildly, because their children were saved! Togo and Balto became heroes, and their journey inspired the famous Iditarod sled dog race. But years later, people mostly remembered Balto when talking about the Serum Run, while Togo, who ran the longest and most dangerous part, was nearly forgotten.Task 1: Answer the questions. 1．Why couldn’t planes deliver the medicine to Nome? 2．What dangerous place did Togo and Seppala cross during the journey? 3．How did Balto find the way in the blizzard? 4．What happened when the sled flipped over during Balto’s trip? 5．What race was inspired by Togo and Balto’s journey? Task 2: Writing. 6．Based on the passage, write down how people remembered Togo again. Write sentences in about 30 words.     【答案】1．Because storms stopped planes from landing in Nome. 2．They crossed the dangerous Norton Sound. 3．He relied on his powerful nose to sniff out the way. 4．The medicine fell out of the sled, and Balto’s barks encouraged Kaasen to find it and keep going. 5．The famous Iditarod sled dog race was inspired by their journey. 6．One day, a young journalist visited Nome to write about the Serum Run. Over time, people dug into the details of the Serum Run and finally remembered Togo. 【导语】本文主要介绍了1925年阿拉斯加诺姆白喉疫情中，雪橇犬队运送血清拯救孩子的事迹，以及相关雪橇犬Togo和Balto的贡献。 1．根据“fierce storms made plane landings impossible”可知，暴风雪使飞机无法降落，所以飞机不能运送药物。故填Because storms stopped planes from landing in Nome. 2．根据“They crossed the dangerous Norton Sound”可知，Togo和Seppala穿越了危险的诺顿湾。故填They crossed the dangerous Norton Sound. 3．根据“Balto relied on his powerful nose to sniff out the way”可知，Balto靠灵敏的鼻子找路。故填He relied on his powerful nose to sniff out the way. 4．根据“the serum fell into the snow...Balto’s loud, determined barks encouraged him to find the serum and keep going”可知，血清掉进雪里，Balto的叫声鼓励Kaasen找到血清并继续前进。故填The medicine fell out of the sled, and Balto’s barks encouraged Kaasen to find it and keep going. 5．根据“their journey inspired the famous Iditarod sled dog race”可知，他们的旅程启发了著名的艾迪塔罗德雪橇犬比赛。故填The famous Iditarod sled dog race was inspired by their journey. 6．开放性问题，言之有理即可。参考答案为One day, a young journalist visited Nome to write about the Serum Run. Over time, people dug into the details of the Serum Run and finally remembered Togo. ( 1 / 13 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $