Unit4 知识点 A部分练习 2025-2026学年沪外教版八年级英语下册

八年级英语下册Unit4知识点-A部分练习 小试牛刀 A. 选用方框中的短语填空（每个限用一次） | loss of forest | plastic pollution | climate change | water pollution | air pollution | 1. Cutting down too many trees causes __________, which means animals lose their homes and greenhouse gas increases. 2. Dirty gas from factories and cars leads to __________, which can cause heavy fog and health problems. 3. The Earth’s temperature is rising because of too much greenhouse gas. This is called __________. 4. When waste gets into rivers, lakes, and oceans, it causes __________ and makes the water unsafe. 5. Using too much plastic and not recycling enough leads to __________, which harms animals in oceans and on land. B. 句型转换（改为一般疑问句并作肯定或否定回答） 1. Air pollution can cause health problems for humans. 一般疑问句：________________________________________________ 肯定回答：________________ 否定回答：________________ 2. Plastic waste ends up in oceans and on land. 一般疑问句：________________________________________________ 肯定回答：________________ 否定回答：________________ 3. You can reduce air pollution by riding a bike instead of driving a car. 一般疑问句：________________________________________________ 肯定回答：________________ 否定回答：________________ C. 根据上下文，选择正确的词完成句子 1. Using too much plastic can (lead to / solve) plastic pollution. 2. Air pollution can (harm / improve) people’s health. 3. To help reduce plastic pollution, it’s important to use (more / less) plastic. 4. Plastics don’t (break down / grow up) easily, so they stay in the environment for a long time. 配套练习 A. 单项选择（★） 从A、B、C、D中选择最佳答案。 1. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as an environmental problem in the mini‑texts? A. Loss of forest. B. Noise pollution. C. Plastic pollution. D. Water pollution. 2. What can cutting down too many trees lead to? A. More oxygen in the air. B. Loss of homes for animals and global warming. C. Cleaner water. D. Less plastic waste. 3. Why is plastic pollution harmful to animals? A. Animals can get stuck in plastic or eat it. B. Plastic makes the air dirty. C. Plastic helps animals find food. D. Plastic breaks down quickly. 4. What does “break down” mean in the passage? A. To fall apart. B. To disappear by natural processes. C. To become smaller pieces over time. D. All of the above. 5. Which action can help reduce air pollution? A. Driving more cars. B. Burning more fossil fuels. C. Riding a bike instead of driving a car. D. Using more plastic bags. B. 完成句子（★★） 根据课文内容，用正确的词汇完成句子。 1. 砍伐太多的树木意味着动物失去家园，并可能导致更多的温室气体排放。 Cutting down too many trees means __________ of homes for animals, and it can also lead to more __________ gas in the air. 2. 工厂和汽车产生的脏气体会导致空气污染，这会引起雾霾和健康问题。 Dirty gas from factories and cars can cause __________ __________, which leads to heavy fog and health problems. 3. 使用太多塑料而不进行足够的回收利用会导致海洋和陆地上的塑料废弃物。 Using too much plastic and not recycling enough can __________ to plastic waste in oceans and on lands. 4. 塑料很难分解，所以它们会留在环境中很长时间。 Plastics are hard to __________ __________, so they stay in the environment for a long time. 5. 为了减少塑料污染，我们应该使用更少的塑料并尽可能回收利用。 To help reduce plastic pollution, we should use __________ plastic and __________ what we can. 拓展思考 Part 1（描述你居住地最严重的一种环境问题及其可能的原因） 写一段话（至少5句）。 使用以下表达：The most serious environmental problem in my city is ... It is caused by ... For example, ... This leads to ... We can solve it by ... __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ Part 2（给同学写一段话，建议如何在日常生活中减少塑料污染） 写一段话（至少5句）。 使用以下表达：Plastic pollution is a big problem, but we can help. For example, we can ... Instead of using ..., we can ... We should also ... Every small action counts. __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ Part 3（为什么全球变暖会导致极端天气？） 写一段话（至少5句）。 使用以下表达：Global warming happens because ... Too much greenhouse gas in the air causes ... This leads to extreme weather such as ... For example, ... We must take action to ... __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ 参考答案与解析 小试牛刀 A 1. loss of forest 2. air pollution 3. climate change 4. water pollution 5. plastic pollution 小试牛刀 B 1. Can air pollution cause health problems for humans? Yes, it can. / No, it can’t. 2. Does plastic waste end up in oceans and on land? Yes, it does. / No, it doesn’t. 3. Can you reduce air pollution by riding a bike instead of driving a car? Yes, I can. / No, I can’t. 小试牛刀 C 1. lead to 2. harm 3. less 4. break down 配套练习 A 1. B 2. B 3. A 4. D 5. C 配套练习 B 1. loss, greenhouse 2. air pollution 3. lead 4. break down 5. less, recycle 拓展思考（示例） Part 1 The most serious environmental problem in my city is air pollution. It is caused by too many cars and factory smoke. For example, during winter, heavy fog often covers the city. This leads to health problems like coughing and sore throats. We can solve it by using more public transport and planting more trees. Part 2 Plastic pollution is a big problem, but we can help. For example, we can bring our own cloth bags when shopping. Instead of using plastic water bottles, we can use reusable ones. We should also recycle plastic waste whenever possible. Every small action counts. Let’s do our part to protect the planet. Part 3 Global warming happens because too much greenhouse gas, like carbon dioxide, is released into the air. This traps heat and raises the Earth’s temperature. This leads to extreme weather such as floods, heatwaves, and droughts. For example, in some areas, heavy rains cause flooding, while in others, long dry periods lead to wildfires. We must take action to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $