2026年中考英语长难句分类解读

初中英语长难句分类解读 一、宾语从句 宾语从句是用一个句子充当动词或介词后的宾语。 【三步判断法】 (1) 找主句动词：think、say、know、wonder、tell等动词后常接宾语从句。 (2) 找引导词 · 陈述句：that（常可省略） · 一般疑问句：if / whether（是否） · 特殊疑问句：what、where、when、why、how等 (3) 检查语序：从句必须用主语+谓语陈述语序，不可用疑问语序。 例题1 I think you should talk to your parents about your problems.（人教版八年级下册 Unit 4） 下列理解正确的是？ A. I don't think talking to parents is useful. B. My suggestion is that you should communicate with your parents. C. You should keep your problems to yourself. 答案：B 解析： 主句I think，从句为省略that的宾语从句； 从句表建议“和父母谈问题”，A、C与原文相悖，B为同义转述。 例题2 Could you please tell me where the restrooms are?（人教版九年级 Unit 2） 下列理解正确的是？ A. The speaker is asking for the location of the restrooms. B. The speaker knows where the restrooms are. C. The speaker is telling someone where the restrooms are. 答案：A 解析： where引导宾语从句，从句用陈述语序； 句子表“询问洗手间位置”，B、C与原文矛盾。 练习1 I wonder if he will show up at the party tonight. 下列理解正确的是？ A. I am sure he will come to the party. B. I am not sure whether he will come to the party. C. I don't want him to come to the party. 练习2 The teacher told us that the earth goes around the sun. 下列理解正确的是？ A. The teacher was wrong about the earth and the sun. B. The earth goes around the sun only at certain times. C. The teacher shared a fact that is always true. 练习3 Do you know why Tom was late for school this morning? 下列理解正确的是？ A. The speaker knows why Tom was late. B. The speaker is asking for the reason for Tom's lateness. C. Tom was late because he wanted to be. 练习4 I don't know whether she likes the gift I gave her. 下列理解正确的是？ A. She definitely likes the gift. B. She definitely doesn't like the gift. C. I am not sure about her feeling toward the gift. 二、定语从句 定语从句是用一个句子充当定语，修饰前面的名词/代词（先行词）。 【三步判断法】 (1) 找先行词：紧挨引导词前的被修饰名词/代词。 (2) 选引导词 · 先行词是人：who/whom/that · 先行词是物：which/that · 表所属：whose (3) 看成分：引导词在从句中作主语、宾语、定语，决定用词。 例题1 The man who is talking to our teacher is my uncle.（人教版八年级下册 Unit 6） 下列理解正确的是？ A. My uncle is talking to the teacher. B. The teacher is my uncle. C. The man talking to the teacher is not related to me. 例题2 This is the book that I borrowed from the library last week.（人教版九年级 Unit 5） 下列理解正确的是？ A. The book belongs to the library. B. I borrowed the book from the library last week. C. The library borrowed the book from me. 练习1 The girl who won the first prize in the English contest is my classmate. 下列理解正确的是？ A. My classmate is the winner of the English contest. B. The girl is my classmate, but she didn't win anything. C. The English contest was won by a girl from another class. 练习2 I have a friend whose father is a famous scientist. 下列理解正确的是？ A. My friend is a famous scientist. B. My friend's father works as a scientist. C. My father is a famous scientist. 练习3 The movie which we watched yesterday evening was quite boring. 下列理解正确的是？ A. We enjoyed the movie very much. B. The movie we saw last night was not interesting. C. The movie will be shown this evening. 练习4 The house that stands at the corner of the street is over 100 years old. 下列理解正确的是？ A. The house on the corner is very old. B. The house was built 100 years ago and will be torn down. C. The corner of the street is over 100 years old. 三、状语从句 状语从句是用一个句子作状语，表时间、原因、条件、让步、目的、结果。 六种常见类型及引导词： 类型 引导词 含义 时间 when, while, as soon as, before, after, until 当…时、一…就、直到… 原因 because, since, as 因为、既然 条件 if, unless 如果、除非 让步 although, though, even if 虽然、即使 目的 so that 为了 结果 so…that, such…that 如此…以至于 例题1（时间状语从句） When the bell rings, the students will run out of the classroom.（人教版八年级上册 Unit 7） 下列理解正确的是？ A. The students run out first, then the bell rings. B. The bell rings and the students run out at the same time. C. The students run out, but the bell never rings. 答案：B 解析：when引导时间状语从句，表动作同时发生。 例题2（条件状语从句） If you study hard, you will get good grades.（人教版九年级 Unit 4） 下列理解正确的是？ A. Getting good grades is possible only when you study hard. B. You will get good grades even if you don't study. C. Studying hard has nothing to do with grades. 答案：A 解析：if引导条件状语从句，遵循主将从现，表“努力学习才会取得好成绩”。 练习1（原因状语从句） He didn't go to the party because he had to prepare for the exam. 下列理解正确的是？ A. He went to the party and then prepared for the exam. B. He stayed away from the party due to exam preparation. C. He prepared for the exam after the party. 练习2（让步状语从句） Although it was raining heavily, the boys continued playing soccer on the field. 下列理解正确的是？ A. The boys stopped playing because of the heavy rain. B. The heavy rain made the boys play harder. C. The boys kept playing even though it was raining hard. 练习3（结果状语从句） The box was so heavy that the little boy couldn't lift it. 下列理解正确的是？ A. The box was light enough for the boy to lift. B. The boy lifted the box easily. C. The box was too heavy for the boy to lift. 练习4（目的状语从句） She turned up the music so that everyone could hear it clearly. 下列理解正确的是？ A. She turned up the music, but no one could hear it. B. She wanted everyone to hear the music clearly. C. She turned down the music so that people wouldn't hear it. 综合检测 第一篇 阅读下面短文，完成1-5题。 Many people believe that eating fat makes you fat, but this is not completely true. In fact, our bodies need certain types of fat to stay healthy. For example, the fat that comes from fish and nuts is actually good for your heart. However, if you eat too much of any kind of food, including healthy food, you may still gain weight. Although it is important to watch what you eat, experts say that exercise plays an equally important role in keeping a healthy weight. So the next time someone tells you that all fat is bad, you can explain that our bodies need some fat to work properly. 1. 对文中句子的理解，正确的是哪一项？ Many people believe that eating fat makes you fat, but this is not completely true. A. Eating fat always makes people gain weight. B. The belief that fat causes weight gain is not entirely correct. C. Many people do not believe that fat is bad for health. 2. 对文中句子的理解，正确的是哪一项？ For example, the fat that comes from fish and nuts is actually good for your heart. A. All types of fat are good for the heart. B. Fish and nuts contain fat that is harmful to the heart. C. Some kinds of fat are beneficial to heart health. 3. 对文中句子的理解，正确的是哪一项？ However, if you eat too much of any kind of food, including healthy food, you may still gain weight. A. Overeating any food, even healthy ones, can lead to weight gain. B. Eating too much healthy food will not cause weight gain. C. Only unhealthy food makes people gain weight. 4. 对文中句子的理解，正确的是哪一项？ Although it is important to watch what you eat, experts say that exercise plays an equally important role in keeping a healthy weight. A. Exercise is more important than diet for weight control. B. Watching what you eat is not important at all. C. Both diet and exercise are important for maintaining a healthy weight. 5. 对文中句子的理解，正确的是哪一项？ So the next time someone tells you that all fat is bad, you can explain that our bodies need some fat to work properly. A. All fat is bad for our bodies, so we should avoid it completely. B. Some fat is necessary for our bodies to function well. C. Our bodies can work properly without any fat at all. 第二篇 阅读下面短文，完成1-5题。 A true friend is someone who accepts you completely, even when you make mistakes. Some people think that they need to have many friends to be happy, but research suggests that the quality of friendships matters more than the quantity. When you face difficulties, a real friend will stand by you because he or she truly cares about your well-being. Although it takes time to build deep friendships, the effort is worth it. So if you want to have strong friendships, remember that you should also be a good friend to others. 1. 对文中句子的理解，正确的是哪一项？ A true friend is someone who accepts you completely, even when you make mistakes. A. A true friend will leave you when you make mistakes. B. A true friend accepts you only when you are perfect. C. A true friend accepts you even if you are not perfect. 2. 对文中句子的理解，正确的是哪一项？ Some people think that they need to have many friends to be happy, but research suggests that the quality of friendships matters more than the quantity. A. Having a few close friends may be better than having many superficial ones. B. The number of friends is more important than how good the friendships are. C. Having many friends is the only way to be happy. 3. 对文中句子的理解，正确的是哪一项？ When you face difficulties, a real friend will stand by you because he or she truly cares about your well-being. A. A real friend will leave you when you have problems. B. A real friend stays with you during hard times out of genuine care. C. A real friend helps you only when things are easy. 4. 对文中句子的理解，正确的是哪一项？ Although it takes time to build deep friendships, the effort is worth it. A. Building deep friendships is quick and easy. B. It is not worth spending time on friendships. C. Deep friendships require time, but the result is valuable. 5. 对文中句子的理解，正确的是哪一项？ So if you want to have strong friendships, remember that you should also be a good friend to others. A. You only need to receive support from others. B. To have good friends, you must also be a good friend yourself. C. Strong friendships depend only on what others do for you. 第三篇 阅读下面短文，完成1-5题。 Many people wonder whether small actions can really make a difference to the environment. The answer is yes. Even something as simple as turning off the lights when you leave a room can help save energy. Although one person's effort may seem tiny, when millions of people do the same thing, the effect becomes huge. Scientists have shown that if every family recycled just one plastic bottle a day, it would reduce waste significantly. Therefore, don't think that what you do is too small to matter. Every little bit helps. 1. 对文中句子的理解，正确的是哪一项？ Many people wonder whether small actions can really make a difference to the environment. A.Many people are uncertain if small actions have an impact. B. Many people are sure that small actions matter. C. Many people believe small actions are useless. 2. 对文中句子的理解，正确的是哪一项？ Even something as simple as turning off the lights when you leave a room can help save energy. A. Turning off lights is too simple to save energy. B. A simple action like turning off lights can contribute to energy saving. C. Only big actions can help the environment. 3. 对文中句子的理解，正确的是哪一项？ Although one person's effort may seem tiny, when millions of people do the same thing, the effect becomes huge. A. One person's effort is always useless. B. Individual efforts are unimportant compared to collective ones. C. Small efforts from many people can create a big impact. 4. 对文中句子的理解，正确的是哪一项？ Scientists have shown that if every family recycled just one plastic bottle a day, it would reduce waste significantly. A. Recycling one plastic bottle per family per day makes no difference. B. If families recycle, waste will be completely eliminated. C. Daily recycling of one bottle per family would greatly cut down waste. 5. 对文中句子的理解，正确的是哪一项？ Therefore, don't think that what you do is too small to matter. A. You should believe that small actions are meaningful. B. What you do is too small to matter. C. Only big actions are worth doing. 第四篇 阅读下面短文，完成1-5题。 Many students take notes carefully in class so that they can review the material later at home. However, taking notes is not enough. You also need to understand what you have written down. Some experts suggest that you should rewrite your notes within 24 hours after class so that the information stays fresh in your mind. Although this takes extra time, it helps you remember much better than just reading your notes again. So the next time you finish a class, spend ten minutes organizing your notes. Your future self will thank you. 1. 对文中句子的理解，正确的是哪一项？ Many students take notes carefully in class so that they can review the material later at home. A. Students take notes because they want to review them at home. B. Students take notes so they don't have to study at home. C. Students take notes only to please their teachers. 2. 对文中句子的理解，正确的是哪一项？ You also need to understand what you have written down. A. Writing down notes is the only thing you need to do. B. Understanding your notes is also necessary. C. You don't need to understand your notes. 3. 对文中句子的理解，正确的是哪一项？ Some experts suggest that you should rewrite your notes within 24 hours after class so that the information stays fresh in your mind. A. Rewriting notes is a waste of time. B. Rewriting notes within a day helps you remember better. C. You should rewrite notes only before an exam. 4. 对文中句子的理解，正确的是哪一项？ Although this takes extra time, it helps you remember much better than just reading your notes again. A. Rewriting notes takes time but improves memory more than rereading. B. Reading notes again is better than rewriting them. C. Rewriting notes is not worth the extra time. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 初中英语长难句分类解读 一、宾语从句 宾语从句是用一个句子充当动词或介词后的宾语。 【三步判断法】 (1) 找主句动词：think、say、know、wonder、tell等动词后常接宾语从句。 (2) 找引导词 · 陈述句：that（常可省略） · 一般疑问句：if / whether（是否） · 特殊疑问句：what、where、when、why、how等 (3) 检查语序：从句必须用主语+谓语陈述语序，不可用疑问语序。 例题1 I think you should talk to your parents about your problems.（人教版八年级下册 Unit 4） 下列理解正确的是？ A. I don't think talking to parents is useful. B. My suggestion is that you should communicate with your parents. C. You should keep your problems to yourself. 答案：B 解析： 主句I think，从句为省略that的宾语从句； 从句表建议“和父母谈问题”，A、C与原文相悖，B为同义转述。 例题2 Could you please tell me where the restrooms are?（人教版九年级 Unit 2） 下列理解正确的是？ A. The speaker is asking for the location of the restrooms. B. The speaker knows where the restrooms are. C. The speaker is telling someone where the restrooms are. 答案：A 解析： where引导宾语从句，从句用陈述语序； 句子表“询问洗手间位置”，B、C与原文矛盾。 练习1 I wonder if he will show up at the party tonight. 下列理解正确的是？ A. I am sure he will come to the party. B. I am not sure whether he will come to the party. C. I don't want him to come to the party. 答案：B 解析：wonder if表“不确定是否”，A、C无原文依据。 练习2 The teacher told us that the earth goes around the sun. 下列理解正确的是？ A. The teacher was wrong about the earth and the sun. B. The earth goes around the sun only at certain times. C. The teacher shared a fact that is always true. 答案：C 解析：从句为客观真理，主句过去时，从句仍用一般现在时。 练习3 Do you know why Tom was late for school this morning? 下列理解正确的是？ A. The speaker knows why Tom was late. B. The speaker is asking for the reason for Tom's lateness. C. Tom was late because he wanted to be. 答案：B 解析：why引导宾语从句，表“询问迟到原因”，从句用陈述语序。 练习4 I don't know whether she likes the gift I gave her. 下列理解正确的是？ A. She definitely likes the gift. B. She definitely doesn't like the gift. C. I am not sure about her feeling toward the gift. 答案：C 解析：don't know whether表“不确定”，I gave her为省略引导词的定语从句。 二、定语从句 定语从句是用一个句子充当定语，修饰前面的名词/代词（先行词）。 【三步判断法】 (1) 找先行词：紧挨引导词前的被修饰名词/代词。 (2) 选引导词 · 先行词是人：who/whom/that · 先行词是物：which/that · 表所属：whose (3) 看成分：引导词在从句中作主语、宾语、定语，决定用词。 例题1 The man who is talking to our teacher is my uncle.（人教版八年级下册 Unit 6） 下列理解正确的是？ A. My uncle is talking to the teacher. B. The teacher is my uncle. C. The man talking to the teacher is not related to me. 答案：A 解析：先行词the man，who指人作从句主语，表“和老师说话的人是我叔叔”。 例题2 This is the book that I borrowed from the library last week.（人教版九年级 Unit 5） 下列理解正确的是？ A. The book belongs to the library. B. I borrowed the book from the library last week. C. The library borrowed the book from me. 答案：B 解析：先行词the book，that指物作从句宾语，表“上周从图书馆借的书”。 练习1 The girl who won the first prize in the English contest is my classmate. 下列理解正确的是？ A. My classmate is the winner of the English contest. B. The girl is my classmate, but she didn't win anything. C. The English contest was won by a girl from another class. 答案：A 解析：who引导定语从句，表“英语竞赛一等奖女孩是我同学”。 练习2 I have a friend whose father is a famous scientist. 下列理解正确的是？ A. My friend is a famous scientist. B. My friend's father works as a scientist. C. My father is a famous scientist. 答案：B 解析：whose表所属，修饰father，表“朋友的爸爸是科学家”。 练习3 The movie which we watched yesterday evening was quite boring. 下列理解正确的是？ A. We enjoyed the movie very much. B. The movie we saw last night was not interesting. C. The movie will be shown this evening. 答案：B 解析：which指物作从句宾语，boring与not interesting同义。 练习4 The house that stands at the corner of the street is over 100 years old. 下列理解正确的是？ A. The house on the corner is very old. B. The house was built 100 years ago and will be torn down. C. The corner of the street is over 100 years old. 答案：A 解析：that指物作从句主语，over 100 years old对应very old。 三、状语从句 状语从句是用一个句子作状语，表时间、原因、条件、让步、目的、结果。 六种常见类型及引导词： 类型 引导词 含义 时间 when, while, as soon as, before, after, until 当…时、一…就、直到… 原因 because, since, as 因为、既然 条件 if, unless 如果、除非 让步 although, though, even if 虽然、即使 目的 so that 为了 结果 so…that, such…that 如此…以至于 例题1（时间状语从句） When the bell rings, the students will run out of the classroom.（人教版八年级上册 Unit 7） 下列理解正确的是？ A. The students run out first, then the bell rings. B. The bell rings and the students run out at the same time. C. The students run out, but the bell never rings. 答案：B 解析：when引导时间状语从句，表动作同时发生。 例题2（条件状语从句） If you study hard, you will get good grades.（人教版九年级 Unit 4） 下列理解正确的是？ A. Getting good grades is possible only when you study hard. B. You will get good grades even if you don't study. C. Studying hard has nothing to do with grades. 答案：A 解析：if引导条件状语从句，遵循主将从现，表“努力学习才会取得好成绩”。 练习1（原因状语从句） He didn't go to the party because he had to prepare for the exam. 下列理解正确的是？ A. He went to the party and then prepared for the exam. B. He stayed away from the party due to exam preparation. C. He prepared for the exam after the party. 答案：B 解析：because引导原因状语从句，表“因备考未参加派对”。 练习2（让步状语从句） Although it was raining heavily, the boys continued playing soccer on the field. 下列理解正确的是？ A. The boys stopped playing because of the heavy rain. B. The heavy rain made the boys play harder. C. The boys kept playing even though it was raining hard. 答案：C 解析：although引导让步状语从句，表转折“虽大雨仍继续踢球”。 练习3（结果状语从句） The box was so heavy that the little boy couldn't lift it. 下列理解正确的是？ A. The box was light enough for the boy to lift. B. The boy lifted the box easily. C. The box was too heavy for the boy to lift. 答案：C 解析：so…that表“如此…以至于”，与too…to（太…而不能）同义。 练习4（目的状语从句） She turned up the music so that everyone could hear it clearly. 下列理解正确的是？ A. She turned up the music, but no one could hear it. B. She wanted everyone to hear the music clearly. C. She turned down the music so that people wouldn't hear it. 答案：B 解析：so that引导目的状语从句，表“调大音量为让大家听清”。 综合检测 第一篇 阅读下面短文，完成1-5题。 Many people believe that eating fat makes you fat, but this is not completely true. In fact, our bodies need certain types of fat to stay healthy. For example, the fat that comes from fish and nuts is actually good for your heart. However, if you eat too much of any kind of food, including healthy food, you may still gain weight. Although it is important to watch what you eat, experts say that exercise plays an equally important role in keeping a healthy weight. So the next time someone tells you that all fat is bad, you can explain that our bodies need some fat to work properly. 1. 对文中句子的理解，正确的是哪一项？ Many people believe that eating fat makes you fat, but this is not completely true. A. Eating fat always makes people gain weight. B. The belief that fat causes weight gain is not entirely correct. C. Many people do not believe that fat is bad for health. 答案：B 解析：该句包含一个宾语从句（that eating fat makes you fat）和一个并列分句（but this is not completely true）。核心信息是：很多人认为吃脂肪会让人发胖，但这并不完全正确。B项“脂肪导致发胖这种看法并不完全正确”是正确转述。A项说“吃脂肪总是让人发胖”，忽略了“not completely true”。C项说“很多人不相信脂肪有害”，原文说很多人相信脂肪有害（会让人发胖），与C项相反。 2. 对文中句子的理解，正确的是哪一项？ For example, the fat that comes from fish and nuts is actually good for your heart. A. All types of fat are good for the heart. B. Fish and nuts contain fat that is harmful to the heart. C. Some kinds of fat are beneficial to heart health. 答案：C 解析：该句包含一个定语从句（that comes from fish and nuts）修饰“the fat”。核心信息是：来自鱼和坚果的脂肪实际上对心脏有好处。C项“有些脂肪对心脏健康有益”是正确转述。A项说“所有脂肪都对心脏好”，过于绝对。B项说“鱼和坚果中的脂肪对心脏有害”，与“good for your heart”相反。 3. 对文中句子的理解，正确的是哪一项？ However, if you eat too much of any kind of food, including healthy food, you may still gain weight. A. Overeating any food, even healthy ones, can lead to weight gain. B. Eating too much healthy food will not cause weight gain. C. Only unhealthy food makes people gain weight. 答案：A 解析：该句包含一个条件状语从句（if you eat too much...）。核心信息是：如果你吃太多任何食物，包括健康食物，你仍然可能发胖。A项“吃太多任何食物，即使是健康食物，也会导致发胖”是正确转述。B项说“吃太多健康食物不会导致发胖”，与原文相反。C项说“只有不健康食物让人发胖”，原文说“any kind of food”，包括健康食物。 4. 对文中句子的理解，正确的是哪一项？ Although it is important to watch what you eat, experts say that exercise plays an equally important role in keeping a healthy weight. A. Exercise is more important than diet for weight control. B. Watching what you eat is not important at all. C. Both diet and exercise are important for maintaining a healthy weight. 答案：C 解析：该句包含一个让步状语从句（Although...）和一个宾语从句（that exercise plays...）。核心信息是：虽然注意饮食很重要，但专家说运动同样重要。C项“饮食和运动对保持健康体重都很重要”是正确转述。A项说“运动比饮食更重要”，原文说“equally important”（同样重要）。B项说“注意饮食根本不重要”，与“it is important”矛盾。 5. 对文中句子的理解，正确的是哪一项？ So the next time someone tells you that all fat is bad, you can explain that our bodies need some fat to work properly. A. All fat is bad for our bodies, so we should avoid it completely. B. Some fat is necessary for our bodies to function well. C. Our bodies can work properly without any fat at all. 答案：B 解析：该句包含一个时间状语从句（the next time...）和一个宾语从句（that all fat is bad）以及另一个宾语从句（that our bodies need some fat...）。核心信息是：你可以解释我们的身体需要一些脂肪才能正常工作。B项“有些脂肪是身体正常运作所必需的”是正确转述。A项说“所有脂肪对身体都有害，应完全避免”，与“need some fat”矛盾。C项说“身体不需要任何脂肪也能正常工作”，与“need some fat”矛盾。 第二篇 阅读下面短文，完成1-5题。 A true friend is someone who accepts you completely, even when you make mistakes. Some people think that they need to have many friends to be happy, but research suggests that the quality of friendships matters more than the quantity. When you face difficulties, a real friend will stand by you because he or she truly cares about your well-being. Although it takes time to build deep friendships, the effort is worth it. So if you want to have strong friendships, remember that you should also be a good friend to others. 1. 对文中句子的理解，正确的是哪一项？ A true friend is someone who accepts you completely, even when you make mistakes. A. A true friend will leave you when you make mistakes. B. A true friend accepts you only when you are perfect. C. A true friend accepts you even if you are not perfect. 答案：C 解析：该句包含一个定语从句（who accepts you completely）和一个让步状语从句（even when you make mistakes）。核心信息是：真正的朋友会完全接受你，即使你犯错。C项“即使你不完美，真正的朋友也会接受你”是正确转述。A项说“你犯错时朋友会离开你”，与原文相反。B项说“只在你完美时接受你”，与“even when you make mistakes”矛盾。 2. 对文中句子的理解，正确的是哪一项？ Some people think that they need to have many friends to be happy, but research suggests that the quality of friendships matters more than the quantity. A. Having a few close friends may be better than having many superficial ones. B. The number of friends is more important than how good the friendships are. C. Having many friends is the only way to be happy. 答案：A 解析：该句包含一个宾语从句（that they need to have many friends...）和一个宾语从句（that the quality...matters more than the quantity）。核心信息是：友谊的质量比数量更重要。A项“有几个亲密朋友可能比有很多浅交朋友更好”符合这一观点。C项说“有很多朋友是快乐的唯一方式”，原文说“some people think that”，但转折后否定了这一观点。B项说“朋友数量比质量更重要”，与原文相反。 3. 对文中句子的理解，正确的是哪一项？ When you face difficulties, a real friend will stand by you because he or she truly cares about your well-being. A. A real friend will leave you when you have problems. B. A real friend stays with you during hard times out of genuine care. C. A real friend helps you only when things are easy. 答案：B 解析：该句包含一个时间状语从句（When you face difficulties）和一个原因状语从句（because...）。核心信息是：遇到困难时，真正的朋友会支持你，因为他/她真正关心你的幸福。B项“真正的朋友出于真心关怀在困难时陪伴你”是正确转述。A项说“有问题时离开你”，与“stand by you”相反。C项说“只在顺利时帮助你”，与“when you face difficulties”矛盾。 4. 对文中句子的理解，正确的是哪一项？ Although it takes time to build deep friendships, the effort is worth it. A. Building deep friendships is quick and easy. B. It is not worth spending time on friendships. C. Deep friendships require time, but the result is valuable. 答案：C 解析：该句包含一个让步状语从句（Although it takes time...）。核心信息是：虽然建立深厚友谊需要时间，但这种努力是值得的。C项“深厚友谊需要时间，但结果是宝贵的”是正确转述。A项说“建立深厚友谊又快又容易”，与“takes time”矛盾。B项说“不值得在友谊上花时间”，与“the effort is worth it”矛盾。 5. 对文中句子的理解，正确的是哪一项？ So if you want to have strong friendships, remember that you should also be a good friend to others. A. You only need to receive support from others. B. To have good friends, you must also be a good friend yourself. C. Strong friendships depend only on what others do for you. 答案：B 解析：该句包含一个条件状语从句（if you want to...）和一个宾语从句（that you should also be a good friend...）。核心信息是：如果你想拥有牢固的友谊，记住你也应该对别人好。B项“要拥有好朋友，你自己也必须是一个好朋友”正确转述了原文的“also be a good friend to others”，强调友谊是相互的。A项说“你只需要接受别人的支持”，忽略了“also be a good friend”。C项说“牢固的友谊只取决于别人为你做了什么”，与原文强调的“你也应该”矛盾。 第三篇 阅读下面短文，完成1-5题。 Many people wonder whether small actions can really make a difference to the environment. The answer is yes. Even something as simple as turning off the lights when you leave a room can help save energy. Although one person's effort may seem tiny, when millions of people do the same thing, the effect becomes huge. Scientists have shown that if every family recycled just one plastic bottle a day, it would reduce waste significantly. Therefore, don't think that what you do is too small to matter. Every little bit helps. 1. 对文中句子的理解，正确的是哪一项？ Many people wonder whether small actions can really make a difference to the environment. A.Many people are uncertain if small actions have an impact. B. Many people are sure that small actions matter. C. Many people believe small actions are useless. 答案：A 解析：该句包含一个宾语从句（whether small actions can really make a difference...）。核心信息是：很多人想知道微小的行动是否真的能对环境产生影响。“wonder whether”表示“想知道是否”，表达不确定性。A项“很多人不确定小行动是否有影响”是正确转述。B项说“确定小行动重要”，与“wonder whether”矛盾。C项说“认为小行动没用”，原文是“wonder whether”（不确定），不是“believe”（认为）。 2. 对文中句子的理解，正确的是哪一项？ Even something as simple as turning off the lights when you leave a room can help save energy. A. Turning off lights is too simple to save energy. B. A simple action like turning off lights can contribute to energy saving. C. Only big actions can help the environment. 答案：B 解析：该句包含一个时间状语从句（when you leave a room）。核心信息是：甚至像离开房间时关灯这样简单的事情也能帮助节约能源。B项“像关灯这样简单的行动也能帮助节约能源”是正确转述。A项说“关灯太简单了以至于不能节约能源”，与“can help”矛盾。C项说“只有大行动才能帮助环境”，原文强调小行动也有用。 3. 对文中句子的理解，正确的是哪一项？ Although one person's effort may seem tiny, when millions of people do the same thing, the effect becomes huge. A. One person's effort is always useless. B. Individual efforts are unimportant compared to collective ones. C. Small efforts from many people can create a big impact. 答案：C 解析：该句包含一个让步状语从句（Although...）和一个时间状语从句（when millions of people...）。核心信息是：虽然一个人的努力可能看起来很小，但当数百万人做同样的事情时，效果就变得巨大。C项“很多人的小努力可以产生大影响”是正确转述。A项说“一个人的努力总是没用的”，忽略了“although”的转折和“when millions”的结果。B项说“个人努力与集体努力相比不重要”，原文强调的是集体努力的力量，但未否定个人努力的价值。 4. 对文中句子的理解，正确的是哪一项？ Scientists have shown that if every family recycled just one plastic bottle a day, it would reduce waste significantly. A. Recycling one plastic bottle per family per day makes no difference. B. If families recycle, waste will be completely eliminated. C. Daily recycling of one bottle per family would greatly cut down waste. 答案：C 解析：该句包含一个宾语从句（that...）和一个条件状语从句（if every family recycled...）。核心信息是：科学家已经证明，如果每个家庭每天回收一个塑料瓶，就会显著减少垃圾。C项“每个家庭每天回收一个瓶子会大大减少垃圾”是正确转述。A项说“没有影响”，与“reduce waste significantly”矛盾。B项说“垃圾将被完全消除”，“significantly”不等于“completely”。 5. 对文中句子的理解，正确的是哪一项？ Therefore, don't think that what you do is too small to matter. A. You should believe that small actions are meaningful. B. What you do is too small to matter. C. Only big actions are worth doing. 答案：A 解析：该句包含一个宾语从句（that what you do is too small to matter）。“don't think that...”意思是“不要认为...”。原文“don't think that what you do is too small to matter” = “不要认为你做的事太小了以至于不重要”，这等价于“你应该相信小行动是有意义的”。A项正确完成了这个转换。B项“你做的事太小了不重要”正是作者否定的观点。C项“只有大行动值得做”与作者观点相反。 第四篇 阅读下面短文，完成1-5题。 Many students take notes carefully in class so that they can review the material later at home. However, taking notes is not enough. You also need to understand what you have written down. Some experts suggest that you should rewrite your notes within 24 hours after class so that the information stays fresh in your mind. Although this takes extra time, it helps you remember much better than just reading your notes again. So the next time you finish a class, spend ten minutes organizing your notes. Your future self will thank you. 1. 对文中句子的理解，正确的是哪一项？ Many students take notes carefully in class so that they can review the material later at home. A. Students take notes because they want to review them at home. B. Students take notes so they don't have to study at home. C. Students take notes only to please their teachers. 答案：A 解析：该句包含一个目的状语从句（so that they can review...）。“so that”表示目的，相当于“为了”。核心信息是：学生认真记笔记，以便回家后能复习。A项“学生记笔记是因为他们想在家复习”正确表达了这一目的。B项说“记笔记是为了不在家学习”，与目的相反。C项说“只为了让老师高兴”，原文未提及。 2. 对文中句子的理解，正确的是哪一项？ You also need to understand what you have written down. A. Writing down notes is the only thing you need to do. B. Understanding your notes is also necessary. C. You don't need to understand your notes. 答案：B 解析：该句包含一个宾语从句（what you have written down）。核心信息是：你还需要理解你写下来的内容。B项“理解你的笔记也是必要的”是正确转述。A项说“记笔记是唯一要做的事”，忽略了“also need to understand”。C项说“不需要理解笔记”，与原文相反。 3. 对文中句子的理解，正确的是哪一项？ Some experts suggest that you should rewrite your notes within 24 hours after class so that the information stays fresh in your mind. A. Rewriting notes is a waste of time. B. Rewriting notes within a day helps you remember better. C. You should rewrite notes only before an exam. 答案：B 解析：该句包含一个宾语从句（that you should rewrite...）和一个目的状语从句（so that the information stays fresh...）。核心信息是：课后24小时内重写笔记，以便信息在脑海中保持新鲜。B项“一天内重写笔记有助于记得更好”是正确转述。A项说“重写笔记浪费时间”，与建议相反。C项说“只在考试前重写”，原文说“within 24 hours after class”。 4. 对文中句子的理解，正确的是哪一项？ Although this takes extra time, it helps you remember much better than just reading your notes again. A. Rewriting notes takes time but improves memory more than rereading. B. Reading notes again is better than rewriting them. C. Rewriting notes is not worth the extra time. 答案：A 解析：该句包含一个让步状语从句（Although this takes extra time）。核心信息是：虽然这花费额外时间，但比仅仅重读笔记更能帮助你记忆。A项“重写笔记花费时间但比重读更能提高记忆”是正确转述。B项说“重读笔记比重写好”，与原文“much better than just reading”相反。C项说“不值得花额外时间”，与“it helps you remember much better”矛盾。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $