专题10 人类探索大单元话题整合课件+讲义-2026届高三英语一轮复习人教版

高中英语人教版一轮复习大单元话题整合 专题10 人类探索 一、必修三 Unit 4 Space Exploration（太空探索） • 核心名词：space太空；exploration探索；universe宇宙；galaxy星系；solar system太阳系；planet行星；star恒星；satellite卫星；rocket火箭；spaceship宇宙飞船；astronaut宇航员；capsule太空舱；orbit轨道；launch发射；mission任务；achievement成就；breakthrough突破；technology技术；challenge挑战；risk风险；phenomenon现象（复数phenomena）；gravity重力；atmosphere大气层 • 核心动词：explore探索；launch发射；orbit绕……轨道运行；land着陆；settle定居；discover发现；invent发明；develop研发；conduct实施；carry out执行；accomplish完成；overcome克服；face面对；risk冒险；devote致力于；contribute贡献 • 核心形容词：space-related与太空相关的；astronautic航天的；advanced先进的；difficult困难的；challenging有挑战性的；dangerous危险的；ambitious有抱负的；pioneering开创性的；remarkable非凡的；successful成功的；potential潜在的；unknown未知的 • 核心副词：successfully成功地；completely完全地；greatly极大地；ambitiously有抱负地；bravely勇敢地；carefully仔细地 （二）重点短语 1. space exploration 太空探索 2. solar system 太阳系 3. launch a rocket 发射火箭 4. send a spaceship into space 把宇宙飞船送入太空 5. go on a space mission 执行太空任务 6. orbit the earth 绕地球轨道运行 7. land on the moon/Mars 在月球/火星着陆 8. make a breakthrough in space exploration 在太空探索领域取得突破 9. face great challenges 面临巨大挑战 10. take risks 冒险 11. overcome difficulties 克服困难 12. conduct space research 开展太空研究 13. develop advanced space technology 研发先进的太空技术 14. contribute to space exploration 为太空探索做贡献 15. be curious about the universe 对宇宙充满好奇 16. set foot on 踏上（某地） 17. in the future 在未来 18. with the development of technology 随着技术的发展 19. a pioneer in space exploration 太空探索领域的先驱 20. achieve great success in 在……方面取得巨大成功 （三）核心句型及仿写 1. 原句：With the rapid development of space technology, humans have made remarkable achievements in space exploration over the past decades. 仿写：With the rapid development of science and technology, our country has made remarkable achievements in space exploration over the past 30 years.（随着科技的快速发展，我国在过去30年里在太空探索领域取得了非凡成就。） 2. 原句：Astronauts who go on space missions have to face great risks and challenges, but they still devote themselves to space exploration bravely. 仿写：Astronauts who take part in the Mars mission have to face great risks and challenges, but they still devote themselves to space exploration bravely.（参与火星任务的宇航员必须面临巨大的风险和挑战，但他们仍勇敢地投身于太空探索。） 3. 原句：Although space exploration is difficult and costly, its significance and value cannot be ignored, as it promotes the development of science and technology. 仿写：Although Mars exploration is difficult and costly, its significance and value cannot be ignored, as it helps humans know more about the unknown planet.（尽管火星探索困难且昂贵，但其意义和价值不容忽视，因为它帮助人类更多地了解这颗未知的行星。） 二、选择性必修四 Unit 3 Sea Exploration（海洋探索） • 核心名词：sea海洋；ocean海洋；exploration探索；voyage航行；expedition探险队；journey旅程；ship船；vessel船只；submarine潜艇；diver潜水员；marine生物；creature生物；resource资源；environment环境；pollution污染；coast海岸；shore岸；wave波浪；current洋流；depth深度；pressure压力；challenge挑战；achievement成就；technology技术；equipment设备 • 核心动词：explore探索；voyage航行；sail航行；dive潜水；discover发现；search搜索；research研究；develop研发；protect保护；preserve保护；collect收集；analyze分析；overcome克服；face面对；risk冒险；carry out执行；accomplish完成 • 核心形容词：marine海洋的；oceanic海洋的；underwater水下的；deep深的；vast广阔的；dangerous危险的；challenging有挑战性的；advanced先进的；exploratory探索性的；abundant丰富的；rare稀有的；polluted受污染的；potential潜在的；unknown未知的 • 核心副词：deeply深深地；vastly广阔地；successfully成功地；carefully仔细地；bravely勇敢地；extensively广泛地 （二）重点短语 1. sea exploration 海洋探索 2. go on a voyage 进行航行 3. deep-sea exploration 深海探索 4. dive into the sea 潜入海中 5. search for marine resources 寻找海洋资源 6. study marine creatures 研究海洋生物 7. protect the marine environment 保护海洋环境 8. reduce marine pollution 减少海洋污染 9. carry out an ocean expedition 开展海洋探险 10. face the pressure of deep sea 面临深海压力 11. overcome the challenges of sea exploration 克服海洋探索的挑战 12. develop underwater equipment 研发水下设备 13. make achievements in sea exploration 在海洋探索领域取得成就 14. sail across the ocean 横渡海洋 15. explore the unknown underwater world 探索未知的水下世界 16. analyze marine samples 分析海洋样本 17. with the help of advanced technology 在先进技术的帮助下 18. a vast ocean of knowledge 广阔的知识海洋 19. preserve marine biodiversity 保护海洋生物多样性 20. adapt to the underwater environment 适应水下环境 （三）核心句型及仿写 1. 原句：The ocean, which covers most of the earth’s surface, is full of mysteries, attracting humans to explore it for thousands of years. 仿写：The Pacific Ocean, which is the largest ocean in the world, is full of mysteries, attracting humans to explore it for thousands of years.（作为世界上最大的海洋，太平洋充满了奥秘，数千年来一直吸引着人类去探索。） 2. 原句：With the help of advanced underwater equipment, scientists can now study marine creatures and the underwater environment more deeply. 仿写：With the help of advanced submarine technology, scientists can now study deep-sea creatures and the underwater environment more deeply.（在先进潜艇技术的帮助下，科学家们现在可以更深入地研究深海生物和水下环境。） 3. 原句：Although the underwater world is dangerous and unknown, explorers still keep moving forward, showing great courage and determination. 仿写：Although the deep-sea world is dangerous and unknown, explorers still keep moving forward, showing great courage and determination.（尽管深海世界危险且未知，探险家们仍勇往直前，展现出极大的勇气和决心。） 话题阅读 一、话题核心定位 紧扣人教版B3 Unit 4（Space Exploration）、XB4 Unit 3（Sea Exploration）两大单元，聚焦“人类探索”核心话题，涵盖太空探索（火箭发射、星际着陆、宇宙奥秘、航天技术）、海洋探索（深海探测、海洋生物、海洋资源、航行探险）两大子方向，选材贴合高考阅读完形命题趋势，以探索历程、技术突破、挑战应对、探索意义为主线，兼顾语言能力巩固与探索精神传递，适配一轮复习考点落地需求。 二、阅读题型突破 （一）常考题型分类 1. 主旨大意题：考查对探索类文章主题（如某类探索的历程、技术突破、核心意义）、作者写作意图（如歌颂探索者勇气、强调探索对科技/人类的价值）的概括，多对应全文或段落核心观点。 2. 细节理解题：聚焦探索关键信息，包括探索时间、主体、技术手段、突破成果、面临挑战（如太空的重力/辐射、海洋的高压/黑暗）、探索影响等具体内容的提取与匹配。 3. 推理判断题：需结合文本隐含信息，推断探索事件的后续发展、探索技术的应用前景、作者对探索行为的态度、探索成果的深层价值，避免脱离原文主观臆断。 4. 词义猜测题：涉及探索领域专业词汇（如太空的orbit、capsule，海洋的submarine、marine）、抽象概念词（如breakthrough、ambition），依托上下文语境、同义替换、举例说明或常识辅助判断。 （二）解题技巧点拨 1. 读文前：快速浏览题干，标记关键词（探索类型：太空/海洋、核心动作：launch/explore/dive、题型、关键术语），明确读文重点，优先锁定“探索背景-过程-挑战-成果-意义”的逻辑链。 2. 读文中： • 梳理探索脉络，标记时间词（如in 2020、over the past century）、技术词（如rocket、submarine、advanced equipment）、转折/因果词（however、because、so），理清事件发展顺序与逻辑关系； • 聚焦探索核心要素，圈画探索主体（国家、团队、个人）、关键突破（如首次着陆、新物种发现）、挑战及应对方式，这类内容多为细节题、推理题解题关键； • 积累话题核心词汇（如exploration、breakthrough、launch、dive、marine、astronaut），提升长难句解读效率，尤其关注探索技术、成果影响类长句的逻辑拆分。 3. 答题时：细节题回归原文精准定位，核对时间、数据、主体等关键信息；推理题基于文本信息推导，排除绝对化、无依据选项；主旨题结合各段首句+探索核心意义总结，拒绝片面化表述（如仅提挑战不提成果）。 话题完形填空 （一）命题特点分析 1. 选材聚焦：多为人类探索的具体历程（如某次太空任务、深海探测行动、航行探险），情节完整、逻辑清晰，核心凸显探索者的勇气、坚持、创新精神，以及探索过程中的挑战与突破。 2. 考查重点： • 词汇：侧重话题核心词汇（如explore、launch、dive、breakthrough、overcome、challenge）、情感类词汇（如determined、excited、proud、discouraged）、动词/形容词精准辨析（如achieve与accomplish、dangerous与challenging）； • 逻辑：以时间顺序、因果关系、转折关系为主，需依托逻辑词（如first、then、finally、however、because、so）梳理探索流程，锁定答案； • 语境：答案多依赖上下文语境，需结合探索阶段（准备-实施-遇阻-突破-成功）、人物状态及情节发展趋势判断，避免孤立看空。 3. 干扰项设置：常出现形近词、近义词混淆（如explore与search、launch与send），或与探索场景、逻辑、情感不符的词汇，需结合主旨排除。 （二）解题步骤与技巧 1. 通读全文，把握主旨：跳过空格快速读文，明确探索类型（太空/海洋）、核心任务、关键挑战及最终成果，标记关键情节节点与情感词，建立整体语篇认知。 2. 逐空作答，结合语境： • 优先填有逻辑信号词提示的空格（如however后表转折，体现探索遇阻；finally后表结果，对应探索成功）； • 话题词汇优先匹配，如太空探索用launch rocket、land on the moon，海洋探索用dive into the sea、collect marine samples，挑战类用face pressure、overcome difficulties； • 关注探索场景与情感适配，探索准备阶段多填积极类词汇（如determined、ambitious），遇阻阶段多填消极类词汇（如difficult、discouraged），突破成功阶段多填喜悦/自豪类词汇（如excited、successful、proud）。 3. 复读全文，核对答案：填完后通读全文，检查语义连贯、逻辑通顺，修正与探索主题、情节发展、人物精神不符的答案，确保细节与主旨一致。 Passage 1（太空探索） China’s space exploration has made remarkable progress over the past few decades, showing the country’s strong strength in aerospace technology. One of the most important achievements is the Chang’e program, which focuses on lunar exploration. The Chang’e program started in 2004, with the goal of exploring the moon’s surface, collecting samples and studying its environment. In 2013, Chang’e-3 successfully landed on the moon, making China the third country in the world to achieve a soft landing on the moon. Later, Chang’e-4 made a historic breakthrough—it landed on the far side of the moon in 2019, which no country had done before. The far side of the moon is always facing away from the earth, so it is difficult to communicate with the lander, but Chinese scientists solved this problem by launching a relay satellite. In 2020, Chang’e-5 completed a more difficult task. It not only landed on the moon but also collected lunar samples and brought them back to the earth—the first time China has retrieved lunar samples, and the first such mission in over 40 years worldwide. These samples help scientists study the moon’s origin and evolution, providing valuable data for future space exploration. China’s space exploration does not stop at the moon. The Tianwen-1 mission, launched in 2020, aimed at Mars. In 2021, it successfully landed on Mars, making China the second country to land a rover on Mars. All these achievements show China’s ambition in space exploration and its contribution to human’s understanding of the universe. 1. What is the main idea of the passage? A. The history of China’s Chang’e program. B. China’s great achievements in space exploration. C. The importance of lunar and Mars exploration. D. The challenges of China’s space missions. 2. Why was Chang’e-4’s landing a historic breakthrough? A. It was China’s first soft landing on the moon. B. It collected lunar samples and brought them back. C. It landed on the far side of the moon for the first time. D. It launched a relay satellite to communicate with the earth. 3. What can we infer from the passage? A. China is the first country to land a rover on Mars. B. The Chang’e program started after the Tianwen-1 mission. C. Lunar samples help scientists study the moon’s origin. D. China’s space exploration will continue to develop further. Passage 2（海洋探索） The ocean covers about 71% of the earth’s surface, but most of its deep areas remain unknown. Deep-sea exploration has become more and more important, as it helps humans discover new species, study the underwater environment and find potential resources. However, deep-sea exploration is full of challenges. The deep sea is in complete darkness, and the pressure there is extremely high—hundreds of times higher than that on the earth’s surface. Ordinary equipment cannot bear such pressure, so scientists need to develop advanced underwater vehicles, such as deep-sea submarines and remotely operated vehicles (ROVs). These vehicles are equipped with special cameras and sensors to collect data and samples. In recent years, China has made great progress in deep-sea exploration. In 2020, the deep-sea submersible Fendouzhe reached a depth of 10,909 meters in the Mariana Trench, setting a new record for China’s deep-sea diving. During the dive, Fendouzhe collected marine samples and took photos of deep-sea creatures, some of which were new to scientists. These discoveries help us better understand the deep-sea ecosystem. Besides scientific research, deep-sea exploration also has practical value. The ocean is rich in mineral resources and energy, which can help solve resource shortages on the earth. However, we must balance exploration and protection—over-exploration may damage the marine environment and destroy marine biodiversity. 4. What is one of the challenges of deep-sea exploration? A. The lack of potential resources. B. The high pressure in the deep sea. C. The difficulty in launching underwater vehicles. D. The shortage of scientific research teams. 5. What did Fendouzhe achieve in 2020? A. It found a new deep-sea ecosystem. B. It collected samples of mineral resources. C. It set a new record for China’s deep-sea diving. D. It developed special cameras and sensors. 6. What does the author suggest about deep-sea exploration? A. We should focus more on its practical value. B. We should explore the deep sea without limits. C. We should balance exploration and environmental protection. D. We should stop deep-sea exploration to protect marine life. 完形填空练习题 Human beings have never stopped exploring the unknown world. From the vast universe to the deep ocean, each exploration is full of challenges but also brings great 1__________ . Last year, a team of scientists started a deep-sea exploration mission in the Pacific Ocean. Their goal was to study the deep-sea ecosystem and 2 __________new marine creatures. Before the mission, they spent months preparing, checking the advanced submarine and 3 __________necessary equipment. Everyone was 4__________ and full of hope, though they knew the deep sea was dangerous. When the submarine dived into the sea, the team felt the pressure 5 __________. The deeper they went, the darker it became—there was no natural light at all. Suddenly, the submarine’s communication system had a problem. They couldn’t contact the base on the shore, which made everyone 6__________ . The leader of the team, Dr. Li, kept calm and told everyone to 7__________ the problem step by step. They checked the system carefully and finally found the fault. After repairing it, the communication was restored. With the problem solved, the team continued the exploration. They took photos of strange deep-sea creatures and collected water and soil samples. When they saw a new species of fish with glowing lights on its body, everyone was 8 __________with joy. After the mission, Dr. Li said, “Exploration is not easy. We have to 9__________ many challenges, but every discovery makes all the hard work 10 __________. It helps us know more about our planet and inspires us to keep moving forward.” 1. A. risks B. rewards C. problems D. worries 2. A. discover B. protect C. feed D. train 3. A. making B. selling C. packing D. destroying 4. A. nervous B. sad C. confident D. disappointed 5. A. drop B. rise C. disappear D. change 6. A. excited B. relaxed C. proud D. worried 7. A. analyze B. avoid C. ignore D. forget 8. A. angry B. filled C. patient D. busy 9. A. create B. accept C. face D. hide 10. A. useless B. worth C. easy D. boring 话题语法填空 一、话题核心定位 紧扣人教版B3 Unit 4（Space Exploration）、XB4 Unit 3（Sea Exploration）两大单元，聚焦“人类探索”核心话题，涵盖太空探索（星际探测、航天技术、宇宙奥秘）、海洋探索（深海探测、海洋生物、海洋资源）两大子方向。语法填空侧重话题语篇中时态、非谓语、从句、固定搭配、词性转换等高频考点，适配探索历程、技术突破类语篇特征；写作聚焦高考常考的应用文（建议信、报道）与读后续写，兼顾语言规范、话题适配性与探索精神传递，适配一轮复习考点巩固与能力提升需求。 二、语法填空题型突破 （一）命题特点分析 1. 语篇选材：多为人类探索历程、重大探索任务介绍、探索技术发展类短文，逻辑清晰（多按时间顺序或“背景-过程-挑战-成果-意义”逻辑展开），话题词汇密集，贴合教材单元核心内容。 2. 考点聚焦：高频考点集中5类，适配探索类语篇特征，具体如下： • 时态语态：侧重一般过去时（描述过往探索任务、技术突破过程）、现在完成时（探索成果的持续影响）、被动语态（探索设备被研发、探索任务被执行）； • 非谓语动词：不定式（表目的，如“研发设备以开展深海探测”）、动名词（作主语/宾语，如“致力于太空探索”）、过去分词（表被动/完成，如“被发射的火箭”“被发现的新物种”）； • 从句：定语从句（修饰探索设备、任务、成果等名词）、状语从句（时间、原因、让步，如“在完成火星着陆后，科学家开始收集数据”）、名词性从句（主语/宾语从句，如“人类探索未知的意义值得深入讨论”）； • 固定搭配：话题相关高频短语，如devote oneself to doing（致力于）、make breakthroughs in（在……领域取得突破）、carry out missions（执行任务）、in the face of（面对挑战）、with the help of（在……帮助下）； • 词性转换：话题词汇派生，如explore（v.探索）→exploration（n.探索）、achieve（v.取得）→achievement（n.成就）、danger（n.危险）→dangerous（adj.危险的）、advance（v.发展）→advanced（adj.先进的）、brave（adj.勇敢的）→bravery（n.勇气）。 （二）解题步骤与技巧 1. 通读全文，把握语境：快速浏览语篇，明确探索类型（太空/海洋）、核心任务、关键突破及意义，标记时间词（如in 2021、over the past decades）、逻辑词（however、so、because），预判时态与逻辑关系，建立整体认知。 2. 逐空分析，锁定考点： • 无提示词空：优先考虑冠词、介词、连词、代词，结合固定搭配（如“in space exploration”探索领域前加in）、逻辑关系（转折用but、因果用because）、语法规则（定语从句关系词、形式主语it）判断； • 有提示词空：先判断词性，再按对应考点突破——动词考时态、语态、非谓语；名词考单复数、所有格；形容词/副词考比较级、最高级或词性转换； • 话题适配优先：遇到探索类核心词汇，优先联想派生形式或固定搭配，如提示词“explore”，结合语境可能填“exploration”（n.探索）或“exploring”（动名词），提示词“advance”可能填“advanced”（adj.先进的）。 3. 复读核对，修正错误：填完后通读全文，检查语法正确、语义连贯、话题词汇使用精准，避免单复数、时态一致、固定搭配等细节失误。 话题写作 （一）常考题型分类与核心要求 结合高考命题趋势及话题适配性，“人类探索”话题写作聚焦3类高频题型，覆盖应用文与综合写作，具体要求如下： 1. 应用文—建议信：围绕“参与探索类活动”“关注探索领域发展”写建议信（如建议同学关注太空探索、参与海洋环保探索活动），要求格式正确（称呼、落款完整）、内容具体（建议内容、原因、行动方式）、语言简洁得体，贴合话题场景。 2. 应用文—报道：报道某场探索类活动、某项探索成果（如学校航天知识竞赛、我国深海探测新突破），要求客观真实、结构清晰（背景-过程-成果-意义）、语言正式，突出探索主题与积极导向。 3. 读后续写：选材多为探索过程中的关键情节（如太空任务遇阻、深海探测突发状况、航行探险突破困境），要求情节连贯、情感真实、细节丰富（动作、心理、环境描写），贴合探索者的勇气、坚持精神，传递积极价值观。 （二）话题核心素材积累 1. 高频话题词汇 • 探索动作类：explore探索；launch发射；dive潜水；sail航行；discover发现；research研究；develop研发；overcome克服；face面对；carry out执行；accomplish完成；break through突破 • 探索设备/领域类：rocket火箭；spaceship宇宙飞船；submarine潜艇；lander着陆器；satellite卫星；universe宇宙；galaxy星系；ocean海洋；deep sea深海；marine海洋的；aerospace航天的；advanced先进的 • 品质/意义类：courage勇气；determination决心；perseverance毅力；ambition抱负；challenge挑战；achievement成就；breakthrough突破；progress进步；significance意义；inspire激励；expand拓展；contribute贡献 2. 高分句型模板 • 建议信句型： 1. I’m writing to advise you to pay more attention to..., which is of great significance for us to broaden our horizons.（我写信建议你多关注……，这对我们拓宽视野意义重大。） 2. It’s a good idea to take part in...activities, as they can help us learn more about exploration and develop our courage.（参与……活动是个好主意，因为它们能帮助我们更多了解探索，培养勇气。） 3. I hope you can join me in..., and together we can experience the charm of exploration.（希望你能和我一起……，共同感受探索的魅力。） • 报道句型： 1. On [date], our school held a [activity name] to celebrate the great achievements in human exploration.（[日期]，我校举办了[活动名称]，以庆祝人类探索领域的重大成就。） 2. The activity included..., which not only let students know more about...but also inspired their enthusiasm for exploration.（活动包含……，这不仅让学生更多了解……，还激发了他们的探索热情。） 3. This achievement marks a new step in..., and it will surely promote the development of related fields.（这项成就标志着……迈出新步伐，必将推动相关领域的发展。） • 读后续写描写句型： 1. Facing the sudden problem, he took a deep breath, his eyes full of determination, and decided to find a way out.（面对突发问题，他深吸一口气，眼中满是决心，决定寻找解决办法。） 2. When the team saw the long-awaited result, cheers broke out, and all the tiredness and worries disappeared in an instant.（当团队看到期待已久的结果时，欢呼声响起，所有的疲惫与担忧瞬间消散。） 3. It was their courage and never-give-up spirit that helped them overcome all difficulties and complete the exploration mission successfully.（正是他们的勇气与永不放弃的精神，帮助他们克服所有困难，成功完成探索任务。） Human exploration has always been a driving force for scientific progress. From the vast universe to the deep ocean, we keep pushing the boundaries of the unknown, 1 __________ (show) great courage and determination. Space exploration is one of the most exciting fields. With the development of aerospace technology, many countries 2 __________(launch) rockets and spaceships into space. China’s Chang’e program has achieved remarkable 3__________ (succeed) in lunar exploration. In 2019, Chang’e-4 4__________ (success) landed on the far side of the moon, a historic breakthrough that no country had made before. To solve the communication problem, scientists launched a relay satellite, 5 __________helped establish a connection between the lander and the earth. These efforts help humans better 6 __________(understand) the origin and evolution of the moon. Ocean exploration is also full of challenges and opportunities. The deep sea is dark and has extremely high pressure, 7__________ makes it difficult for humans to reach. However, with the help of advanced 8__________ (equip) like deep-sea submarines, scientists can now explore the deep sea. They have discovered many new marine 9 __________(creature) and collected valuable samples, which contribute to the study of the underwater ecosystem. Both space and ocean exploration require a lot of time, money and effort. But they not only expand our knowledge of the world but also inspire us 10__________ (keep) exploring. In the future, humans will continue to step into the unknown, creating more miracles. 1. 应用文（建议信） 假定你是李华，你的朋友张明对科学探索兴趣不高，你想建议他多关注人类探索（太空或海洋）相关内容。请你写一封建议信，内容包括： 1. 建议关注的探索领域（太空/海洋任选其一）； 2. 建议的具体方式（如看纪录片、读文章）； 3. 关注该领域的意义。 注意：1. 词数80-100；2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数；3. 可适当增加细节，使行文连贯。 2. 读后续写 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Last month, a team of astronauts started a 15-day space mission. Their task was to carry out scientific experiments on the space station and collect data about the space environment. Before the mission, they had trained hard for years, preparing for all possible challenges. After launching successfully, the team arrived at the space station smoothly. They started their work immediately, doing experiments and recording data carefully. Everything went well in the first week. However, on the eighth day, an unexpected problem happened—the space station’s oxygen supply system broke down. The oxygen level was dropping slowly, which meant they were in great danger. The team leader, Alex, kept calm and gathered everyone to discuss solutions. They checked the system repeatedly but couldn’t find the exact fault quickly. As time passed, the oxygen level became lower and lower, and everyone felt anxious. Just when they were about to lose hope, Alex thought of a new way. 注意：1. 所续写短文的词数应为150左右；2. 至少使用2处细节描写（动作、心理、神态等）；3. 续写部分分为两段，每段开头已给出； Paragraph 1: Alex told the team his idea and asked everyone to work together immediately. Paragraph 2: After several hours of hard work, the oxygen supply system was finally repaired. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 高中英语人教版一轮复习大单元话题整合 专题10 人类探索 一、必修三 Unit 4 Space Exploration（太空探索） • 核心名词：space太空；exploration探索；universe宇宙；galaxy星系；solar system太阳系；planet行星；star恒星；satellite卫星；rocket火箭；spaceship宇宙飞船；astronaut宇航员；capsule太空舱；orbit轨道；launch发射；mission任务；achievement成就；breakthrough突破；technology技术；challenge挑战；risk风险；phenomenon现象（复数phenomena）；gravity重力；atmosphere大气层 • 核心动词：explore探索；launch发射；orbit绕……轨道运行；land着陆；settle定居；discover发现；invent发明；develop研发；conduct实施；carry out执行；accomplish完成；overcome克服；face面对；risk冒险；devote致力于；contribute贡献 • 核心形容词：space-related与太空相关的；astronautic航天的；advanced先进的；difficult困难的；challenging有挑战性的；dangerous危险的；ambitious有抱负的；pioneering开创性的；remarkable非凡的；successful成功的；potential潜在的；unknown未知的 • 核心副词：successfully成功地；completely完全地；greatly极大地；ambitiously有抱负地；bravely勇敢地；carefully仔细地 （二）重点短语 1. space exploration 太空探索 2. solar system 太阳系 3. launch a rocket 发射火箭 4. send a spaceship into space 把宇宙飞船送入太空 5. go on a space mission 执行太空任务 6. orbit the earth 绕地球轨道运行 7. land on the moon/Mars 在月球/火星着陆 8. make a breakthrough in space exploration 在太空探索领域取得突破 9. face great challenges 面临巨大挑战 10. take risks 冒险 11. overcome difficulties 克服困难 12. conduct space research 开展太空研究 13. develop advanced space technology 研发先进的太空技术 14. contribute to space exploration 为太空探索做贡献 15. be curious about the universe 对宇宙充满好奇 16. set foot on 踏上（某地） 17. in the future 在未来 18. with the development of technology 随着技术的发展 19. a pioneer in space exploration 太空探索领域的先驱 20. achieve great success in 在……方面取得巨大成功 （三）核心句型及仿写 1. 原句：With the rapid development of space technology, humans have made remarkable achievements in space exploration over the past decades. 仿写：With the rapid development of science and technology, our country has made remarkable achievements in space exploration over the past 30 years.（随着科技的快速发展，我国在过去30年里在太空探索领域取得了非凡成就。） 2. 原句：Astronauts who go on space missions have to face great risks and challenges, but they still devote themselves to space exploration bravely. 仿写：Astronauts who take part in the Mars mission have to face great risks and challenges, but they still devote themselves to space exploration bravely.（参与火星任务的宇航员必须面临巨大的风险和挑战，但他们仍勇敢地投身于太空探索。） 3. 原句：Although space exploration is difficult and costly, its significance and value cannot be ignored, as it promotes the development of science and technology. 仿写：Although Mars exploration is difficult and costly, its significance and value cannot be ignored, as it helps humans know more about the unknown planet.（尽管火星探索困难且昂贵，但其意义和价值不容忽视，因为它帮助人类更多地了解这颗未知的行星。） 二、选择性必修四 Unit 3 Sea Exploration（海洋探索） • 核心名词：sea海洋；ocean海洋；exploration探索；voyage航行；expedition探险队；journey旅程；ship船；vessel船只；submarine潜艇；diver潜水员；marine生物；creature生物；resource资源；environment环境；pollution污染；coast海岸；shore岸；wave波浪；current洋流；depth深度；pressure压力；challenge挑战；achievement成就；technology技术；equipment设备 • 核心动词：explore探索；voyage航行；sail航行；dive潜水；discover发现；search搜索；research研究；develop研发；protect保护；preserve保护；collect收集；analyze分析；overcome克服；face面对；risk冒险；carry out执行；accomplish完成 • 核心形容词：marine海洋的；oceanic海洋的；underwater水下的；deep深的；vast广阔的；dangerous危险的；challenging有挑战性的；advanced先进的；exploratory探索性的；abundant丰富的；rare稀有的；polluted受污染的；potential潜在的；unknown未知的 • 核心副词：deeply深深地；vastly广阔地；successfully成功地；carefully仔细地；bravely勇敢地；extensively广泛地 （二）重点短语 1. sea exploration 海洋探索 2. go on a voyage 进行航行 3. deep-sea exploration 深海探索 4. dive into the sea 潜入海中 5. search for marine resources 寻找海洋资源 6. study marine creatures 研究海洋生物 7. protect the marine environment 保护海洋环境 8. reduce marine pollution 减少海洋污染 9. carry out an ocean expedition 开展海洋探险 10. face the pressure of deep sea 面临深海压力 11. overcome the challenges of sea exploration 克服海洋探索的挑战 12. develop underwater equipment 研发水下设备 13. make achievements in sea exploration 在海洋探索领域取得成就 14. sail across the ocean 横渡海洋 15. explore the unknown underwater world 探索未知的水下世界 16. analyze marine samples 分析海洋样本 17. with the help of advanced technology 在先进技术的帮助下 18. a vast ocean of knowledge 广阔的知识海洋 19. preserve marine biodiversity 保护海洋生物多样性 20. adapt to the underwater environment 适应水下环境 （三）核心句型及仿写 1. 原句：The ocean, which covers most of the earth’s surface, is full of mysteries, attracting humans to explore it for thousands of years. 仿写：The Pacific Ocean, which is the largest ocean in the world, is full of mysteries, attracting humans to explore it for thousands of years.（作为世界上最大的海洋，太平洋充满了奥秘，数千年来一直吸引着人类去探索。） 2. 原句：With the help of advanced underwater equipment, scientists can now study marine creatures and the underwater environment more deeply. 仿写：With the help of advanced submarine technology, scientists can now study deep-sea creatures and the underwater environment more deeply.（在先进潜艇技术的帮助下，科学家们现在可以更深入地研究深海生物和水下环境。） 3. 原句：Although the underwater world is dangerous and unknown, explorers still keep moving forward, showing great courage and determination. 仿写：Although the deep-sea world is dangerous and unknown, explorers still keep moving forward, showing great courage and determination.（尽管深海世界危险且未知，探险家们仍勇往直前，展现出极大的勇气和决心。） 话题阅读 一、话题核心定位 紧扣人教版B3 Unit 4（Space Exploration）、XB4 Unit 3（Sea Exploration）两大单元，聚焦“人类探索”核心话题，涵盖太空探索（火箭发射、星际着陆、宇宙奥秘、航天技术）、海洋探索（深海探测、海洋生物、海洋资源、航行探险）两大子方向，选材贴合高考阅读完形命题趋势，以探索历程、技术突破、挑战应对、探索意义为主线，兼顾语言能力巩固与探索精神传递，适配一轮复习考点落地需求。 二、阅读题型突破 （一）常考题型分类 1. 主旨大意题：考查对探索类文章主题（如某类探索的历程、技术突破、核心意义）、作者写作意图（如歌颂探索者勇气、强调探索对科技/人类的价值）的概括，多对应全文或段落核心观点。 2. 细节理解题：聚焦探索关键信息，包括探索时间、主体、技术手段、突破成果、面临挑战（如太空的重力/辐射、海洋的高压/黑暗）、探索影响等具体内容的提取与匹配。 3. 推理判断题：需结合文本隐含信息，推断探索事件的后续发展、探索技术的应用前景、作者对探索行为的态度、探索成果的深层价值，避免脱离原文主观臆断。 4. 词义猜测题：涉及探索领域专业词汇（如太空的orbit、capsule，海洋的submarine、marine）、抽象概念词（如breakthrough、ambition），依托上下文语境、同义替换、举例说明或常识辅助判断。 （二）解题技巧点拨 1. 读文前：快速浏览题干，标记关键词（探索类型：太空/海洋、核心动作：launch/explore/dive、题型、关键术语），明确读文重点，优先锁定“探索背景-过程-挑战-成果-意义”的逻辑链。 2. 读文中： • 梳理探索脉络，标记时间词（如in 2020、over the past century）、技术词（如rocket、submarine、advanced equipment）、转折/因果词（however、because、so），理清事件发展顺序与逻辑关系； • 聚焦探索核心要素，圈画探索主体（国家、团队、个人）、关键突破（如首次着陆、新物种发现）、挑战及应对方式，这类内容多为细节题、推理题解题关键； • 积累话题核心词汇（如exploration、breakthrough、launch、dive、marine、astronaut），提升长难句解读效率，尤其关注探索技术、成果影响类长句的逻辑拆分。 3. 答题时：细节题回归原文精准定位，核对时间、数据、主体等关键信息；推理题基于文本信息推导，排除绝对化、无依据选项；主旨题结合各段首句+探索核心意义总结，拒绝片面化表述（如仅提挑战不提成果）。 话题完形填空 （一）命题特点分析 1. 选材聚焦：多为人类探索的具体历程（如某次太空任务、深海探测行动、航行探险），情节完整、逻辑清晰，核心凸显探索者的勇气、坚持、创新精神，以及探索过程中的挑战与突破。 2. 考查重点： • 词汇：侧重话题核心词汇（如explore、launch、dive、breakthrough、overcome、challenge）、情感类词汇（如determined、excited、proud、discouraged）、动词/形容词精准辨析（如achieve与accomplish、dangerous与challenging）； • 逻辑：以时间顺序、因果关系、转折关系为主，需依托逻辑词（如first、then、finally、however、because、so）梳理探索流程，锁定答案； • 语境：答案多依赖上下文语境，需结合探索阶段（准备-实施-遇阻-突破-成功）、人物状态及情节发展趋势判断，避免孤立看空。 3. 干扰项设置：常出现形近词、近义词混淆（如explore与search、launch与send），或与探索场景、逻辑、情感不符的词汇，需结合主旨排除。 （二）解题步骤与技巧 1. 通读全文，把握主旨：跳过空格快速读文，明确探索类型（太空/海洋）、核心任务、关键挑战及最终成果，标记关键情节节点与情感词，建立整体语篇认知。 2. 逐空作答，结合语境： • 优先填有逻辑信号词提示的空格（如however后表转折，体现探索遇阻；finally后表结果，对应探索成功）； • 话题词汇优先匹配，如太空探索用launch rocket、land on the moon，海洋探索用dive into the sea、collect marine samples，挑战类用face pressure、overcome difficulties； • 关注探索场景与情感适配，探索准备阶段多填积极类词汇（如determined、ambitious），遇阻阶段多填消极类词汇（如difficult、discouraged），突破成功阶段多填喜悦/自豪类词汇（如excited、successful、proud）。 3. 复读全文，核对答案：填完后通读全文，检查语义连贯、逻辑通顺，修正与探索主题、情节发展、人物精神不符的答案，确保细节与主旨一致。 Passage 1（太空探索） China’s space exploration has made remarkable progress over the past few decades, showing the country’s strong strength in aerospace technology. One of the most important achievements is the Chang’e program, which focuses on lunar exploration. The Chang’e program started in 2004, with the goal of exploring the moon’s surface, collecting samples and studying its environment. In 2013, Chang’e-3 successfully landed on the moon, making China the third country in the world to achieve a soft landing on the moon. Later, Chang’e-4 made a historic breakthrough—it landed on the far side of the moon in 2019, which no country had done before. The far side of the moon is always facing away from the earth, so it is difficult to communicate with the lander, but Chinese scientists solved this problem by launching a relay satellite. In 2020, Chang’e-5 completed a more difficult task. It not only landed on the moon but also collected lunar samples and brought them back to the earth—the first time China has retrieved lunar samples, and the first such mission in over 40 years worldwide. These samples help scientists study the moon’s origin and evolution, providing valuable data for future space exploration. China’s space exploration does not stop at the moon. The Tianwen-1 mission, launched in 2020, aimed at Mars. In 2021, it successfully landed on Mars, making China the second country to land a rover on Mars. All these achievements show China’s ambition in space exploration and its contribution to human’s understanding of the universe. 1. What is the main idea of the passage? A. The history of China’s Chang’e program. B. China’s great achievements in space exploration. C. The importance of lunar and Mars exploration. D. The challenges of China’s space missions. 2. Why was Chang’e-4’s landing a historic breakthrough? A. It was China’s first soft landing on the moon. B. It collected lunar samples and brought them back. C. It landed on the far side of the moon for the first time. D. It launched a relay satellite to communicate with the earth. 3. What can we infer from the passage? A. China is the first country to land a rover on Mars. B. The Chang’e program started after the Tianwen-1 mission. C. Lunar samples help scientists study the moon’s origin. D. China’s space exploration will continue to develop further. Passage 2（海洋探索） The ocean covers about 71% of the earth’s surface, but most of its deep areas remain unknown. Deep-sea exploration has become more and more important, as it helps humans discover new species, study the underwater environment and find potential resources. However, deep-sea exploration is full of challenges. The deep sea is in complete darkness, and the pressure there is extremely high—hundreds of times higher than that on the earth’s surface. Ordinary equipment cannot bear such pressure, so scientists need to develop advanced underwater vehicles, such as deep-sea submarines and remotely operated vehicles (ROVs). These vehicles are equipped with special cameras and sensors to collect data and samples. In recent years, China has made great progress in deep-sea exploration. In 2020, the deep-sea submersible Fendouzhe reached a depth of 10,909 meters in the Mariana Trench, setting a new record for China’s deep-sea diving. During the dive, Fendouzhe collected marine samples and took photos of deep-sea creatures, some of which were new to scientists. These discoveries help us better understand the deep-sea ecosystem. Besides scientific research, deep-sea exploration also has practical value. The ocean is rich in mineral resources and energy, which can help solve resource shortages on the earth. However, we must balance exploration and protection—over-exploration may damage the marine environment and destroy marine biodiversity. 4. What is one of the challenges of deep-sea exploration? A. The lack of potential resources. B. The high pressure in the deep sea. C. The difficulty in launching underwater vehicles. D. The shortage of scientific research teams. 5. What did Fendouzhe achieve in 2020? A. It found a new deep-sea ecosystem. B. It collected samples of mineral resources. C. It set a new record for China’s deep-sea diving. D. It developed special cameras and sensors. 6. What does the author suggest about deep-sea exploration? A. We should focus more on its practical value. B. We should explore the deep sea without limits. C. We should balance exploration and environmental protection. D. We should stop deep-sea exploration to protect marine life. 完形填空练习题 Human beings have never stopped exploring the unknown world. From the vast universe to the deep ocean, each exploration is full of challenges but also brings great 1__________ . Last year, a team of scientists started a deep-sea exploration mission in the Pacific Ocean. Their goal was to study the deep-sea ecosystem and 2 __________new marine creatures. Before the mission, they spent months preparing, checking the advanced submarine and 3 __________necessary equipment. Everyone was 4__________ and full of hope, though they knew the deep sea was dangerous. When the submarine dived into the sea, the team felt the pressure 5 __________. The deeper they went, the darker it became—there was no natural light at all. Suddenly, the submarine’s communication system had a problem. They couldn’t contact the base on the shore, which made everyone 6__________ . The leader of the team, Dr. Li, kept calm and told everyone to 7__________ the problem step by step. They checked the system carefully and finally found the fault. After repairing it, the communication was restored. With the problem solved, the team continued the exploration. They took photos of strange deep-sea creatures and collected water and soil samples. When they saw a new species of fish with glowing lights on its body, everyone was 8 __________with joy. After the mission, Dr. Li said, “Exploration is not easy. We have to 9__________ many challenges, but every discovery makes all the hard work 10 __________. It helps us know more about our planet and inspires us to keep moving forward.” 1. A. risks B. rewards C. problems D. worries 2. A. discover B. protect C. feed D. train 3. A. making B. selling C. packing D. destroying 4. A. nervous B. sad C. confident D. disappointed 5. A. drop B. rise C. disappear D. change 6. A. excited B. relaxed C. proud D. worried 7. A. analyze B. avoid C. ignore D. forget 8. A. angry B. filled C. patient D. busy 9. A. create B. accept C. face D. hide 10. A. useless B. worth C. easy D. boring 答案： Passage 1 1. B 解析：全文围绕中国太空探索展开，介绍了嫦娥工程（月球探测）、天问一号任务（火星探测）的关键成就，核心主旨为中国在太空探索领域的重大成果，故选B；A（嫦娥工程历史）、C（月探与火探的重要性）、D（中国太空任务的挑战）均为文章部分内容，片面化。 2. C 解析：根据第二段“Chang’e-4 made a historic breakthrough—it landed on the far side of the moon in 2019, which no country had done before”可知，嫦娥四号的突破在于首次登陆月球背面，故选C；A（中国首次月球软着陆）是嫦娥三号的成就；B（采集月球样本带回地球）是嫦娥五号的成就；D（发射中继卫星）是解决嫦娥四号通信问题的手段，非突破本身。 3. D 解析：根据最后一段“China’s space exploration does not stop at the moon”及前文列举的持续突破，可推断中国太空探索将继续深入发展，故选D；A（中国首个火星巡视器着陆国）错误，原文是“第二个”；B（嫦娥工程晚于天问一号）错误，嫦娥工程2004年启动，天问一号2020年发射；C（月球样本助力研究月球起源）是原文直接陈述的内容，无需推理。 Passage 2 4. B 解析：根据第二段“The deep sea is in complete darkness, and the pressure there is extremely high—hundreds of times higher than that on the earth’s surface”可知，深海高压是探索的挑战之一，故选B；A（缺乏潜在资源）与第四段“海洋资源丰富”矛盾；C（水下设备发射难）、D（科研团队短缺）均未提及。 5. C 解析：根据第三段“In 2020, the deep-sea submersible Fendouzhe reached a depth of 10,909 meters...setting a new record for China’s deep-sea diving”可知，奋斗者号创造了中国深海潜水新纪录，故选C；A（发现新的深海生态系统）、B（采集矿产资源样本）未提及；D（研发特殊相机和传感器）错误，原文是设备配备这类工具，非奋斗者号研发。 6. C 解析：根据最后一段“we must balance exploration and protection—over-exploration may damage the marine environment”可知，作者建议平衡深海探索与环境保护，故选C；A（更关注实用价值）片面，原文兼顾科研与实用价值；B（无限制探索）、D（停止探索保护海洋生物）均与作者观点矛盾。 完形填空练习题 1. B 解析：前文提到探索充满挑战，but表转折，说明探索也带来巨大回报，rewards（回报）符合语境；risks（风险）、problems（问题）、worries（担忧）均为消极词汇，与转折逻辑不符。 2. A 解析：深海探索的目标之一是发现新的海洋生物，discover（发现）符合探索话题核心；protect（保护）、feed（喂养）、train（训练）均与探索任务目标不符。 3. C 解析：探索任务前需打包必要设备，packing（打包）符合准备阶段的动作；making（制作）、selling（售卖）、destroying（破坏）均不符合逻辑。 4. C 解析：后文“full of hope”提示团队状态积极，confident（自信的）符合语境；nervous（紧张的）、sad（难过的）、disappointed（失望的）均为消极状态，与语境不符。 5. B 解析：深海越深压力越大，潜艇下潜时压力上升，rise（上升）符合常识与语境；drop（下降）、disappear（消失）、change（变化，表述模糊）均不符合实际。 6. D 解析：通信系统故障且无法联系基地，会让人担忧，worried（担忧的）符合情节；excited（兴奋的）、relaxed（放松的）、proud（自豪的）均与故障场景的情绪矛盾。 7. A 解析：面对问题，团队 leader 让大家逐步分析问题，analyze（分析）符合解决问题的逻辑；avoid（避免）、ignore（忽视）、forget（忘记）均无法解决故障。 8. B 解析：发现新物种会充满喜悦，be filled with joy（充满喜悦）为固定搭配，符合语境；angry（生气的）、patient（耐心的）、busy（忙碌的）均语义不符。 9. C 解析：探索不易，需要面对很多挑战，face（面对）符合主旨；create（创造）、accept（接受，侧重被动）、hide（隐藏）均不符合探索者主动应对挑战的精神。 10. B 解析：每一次发现都让所有努力变得值得，worth（值得的）符合语境；useless（无用的）、easy（简单的）、boring（无聊的）均与探索的价值矛盾。 话题语法填空 一、话题核心定位 紧扣人教版B3 Unit 4（Space Exploration）、XB4 Unit 3（Sea Exploration）两大单元，聚焦“人类探索”核心话题，涵盖太空探索（星际探测、航天技术、宇宙奥秘）、海洋探索（深海探测、海洋生物、海洋资源）两大子方向。语法填空侧重话题语篇中时态、非谓语、从句、固定搭配、词性转换等高频考点，适配探索历程、技术突破类语篇特征；写作聚焦高考常考的应用文（建议信、报道）与读后续写，兼顾语言规范、话题适配性与探索精神传递，适配一轮复习考点巩固与能力提升需求。 二、语法填空题型突破 （一）命题特点分析 1. 语篇选材：多为人类探索历程、重大探索任务介绍、探索技术发展类短文，逻辑清晰（多按时间顺序或“背景-过程-挑战-成果-意义”逻辑展开），话题词汇密集，贴合教材单元核心内容。 2. 考点聚焦：高频考点集中5类，适配探索类语篇特征，具体如下： • 时态语态：侧重一般过去时（描述过往探索任务、技术突破过程）、现在完成时（探索成果的持续影响）、被动语态（探索设备被研发、探索任务被执行）； • 非谓语动词：不定式（表目的，如“研发设备以开展深海探测”）、动名词（作主语/宾语，如“致力于太空探索”）、过去分词（表被动/完成，如“被发射的火箭”“被发现的新物种”）； • 从句：定语从句（修饰探索设备、任务、成果等名词）、状语从句（时间、原因、让步，如“在完成火星着陆后，科学家开始收集数据”）、名词性从句（主语/宾语从句，如“人类探索未知的意义值得深入讨论”）； • 固定搭配：话题相关高频短语，如devote oneself to doing（致力于）、make breakthroughs in（在……领域取得突破）、carry out missions（执行任务）、in the face of（面对挑战）、with the help of（在……帮助下）； • 词性转换：话题词汇派生，如explore（v.探索）→exploration（n.探索）、achieve（v.取得）→achievement（n.成就）、danger（n.危险）→dangerous（adj.危险的）、advance（v.发展）→advanced（adj.先进的）、brave（adj.勇敢的）→bravery（n.勇气）。 （二）解题步骤与技巧 1. 通读全文，把握语境：快速浏览语篇，明确探索类型（太空/海洋）、核心任务、关键突破及意义，标记时间词（如in 2021、over the past decades）、逻辑词（however、so、because），预判时态与逻辑关系，建立整体认知。 2. 逐空分析，锁定考点： • 无提示词空：优先考虑冠词、介词、连词、代词，结合固定搭配（如“in space exploration”探索领域前加in）、逻辑关系（转折用but、因果用because）、语法规则（定语从句关系词、形式主语it）判断； • 有提示词空：先判断词性，再按对应考点突破——动词考时态、语态、非谓语；名词考单复数、所有格；形容词/副词考比较级、最高级或词性转换； • 话题适配优先：遇到探索类核心词汇，优先联想派生形式或固定搭配，如提示词“explore”，结合语境可能填“exploration”（n.探索）或“exploring”（动名词），提示词“advance”可能填“advanced”（adj.先进的）。 3. 复读核对，修正错误：填完后通读全文，检查语法正确、语义连贯、话题词汇使用精准，避免单复数、时态一致、固定搭配等细节失误。 话题写作 （一）常考题型分类与核心要求 结合高考命题趋势及话题适配性，“人类探索”话题写作聚焦3类高频题型，覆盖应用文与综合写作，具体要求如下： 1. 应用文—建议信：围绕“参与探索类活动”“关注探索领域发展”写建议信（如建议同学关注太空探索、参与海洋环保探索活动），要求格式正确（称呼、落款完整）、内容具体（建议内容、原因、行动方式）、语言简洁得体，贴合话题场景。 2. 应用文—报道：报道某场探索类活动、某项探索成果（如学校航天知识竞赛、我国深海探测新突破），要求客观真实、结构清晰（背景-过程-成果-意义）、语言正式，突出探索主题与积极导向。 3. 读后续写：选材多为探索过程中的关键情节（如太空任务遇阻、深海探测突发状况、航行探险突破困境），要求情节连贯、情感真实、细节丰富（动作、心理、环境描写），贴合探索者的勇气、坚持精神，传递积极价值观。 （二）话题核心素材积累 1. 高频话题词汇 • 探索动作类：explore探索；launch发射；dive潜水；sail航行；discover发现；research研究；develop研发；overcome克服；face面对；carry out执行；accomplish完成；break through突破 • 探索设备/领域类：rocket火箭；spaceship宇宙飞船；submarine潜艇；lander着陆器；satellite卫星；universe宇宙；galaxy星系；ocean海洋；deep sea深海；marine海洋的；aerospace航天的；advanced先进的 • 品质/意义类：courage勇气；determination决心；perseverance毅力；ambition抱负；challenge挑战；achievement成就；breakthrough突破；progress进步；significance意义；inspire激励；expand拓展；contribute贡献 2. 高分句型模板 • 建议信句型： 1. I’m writing to advise you to pay more attention to..., which is of great significance for us to broaden our horizons.（我写信建议你多关注……，这对我们拓宽视野意义重大。） 2. It’s a good idea to take part in...activities, as they can help us learn more about exploration and develop our courage.（参与……活动是个好主意，因为它们能帮助我们更多了解探索，培养勇气。） 3. I hope you can join me in..., and together we can experience the charm of exploration.（希望你能和我一起……，共同感受探索的魅力。） • 报道句型： 1. On [date], our school held a [activity name] to celebrate the great achievements in human exploration.（[日期]，我校举办了[活动名称]，以庆祝人类探索领域的重大成就。） 2. The activity included..., which not only let students know more about...but also inspired their enthusiasm for exploration.（活动包含……，这不仅让学生更多了解……，还激发了他们的探索热情。） 3. This achievement marks a new step in..., and it will surely promote the development of related fields.（这项成就标志着……迈出新步伐，必将推动相关领域的发展。） • 读后续写描写句型： 1. Facing the sudden problem, he took a deep breath, his eyes full of determination, and decided to find a way out.（面对突发问题，他深吸一口气，眼中满是决心，决定寻找解决办法。） 2. When the team saw the long-awaited result, cheers broke out, and all the tiredness and worries disappeared in an instant.（当团队看到期待已久的结果时，欢呼声响起，所有的疲惫与担忧瞬间消散。） 3. It was their courage and never-give-up spirit that helped them overcome all difficulties and complete the exploration mission successfully.（正是他们的勇气与永不放弃的精神，帮助他们克服所有困难，成功完成探索任务。） Human exploration has always been a driving force for scientific progress. From the vast universe to the deep ocean, we keep pushing the boundaries of the unknown, 1 __________ (show) great courage and determination. Space exploration is one of the most exciting fields. With the development of aerospace technology, many countries 2 __________(launch) rockets and spaceships into space. China’s Chang’e program has achieved remarkable 3__________ (succeed) in lunar exploration. In 2019, Chang’e-4 4__________ (success) landed on the far side of the moon, a historic breakthrough that no country had made before. To solve the communication problem, scientists launched a relay satellite, 5 __________helped establish a connection between the lander and the earth. These efforts help humans better 6 __________(understand) the origin and evolution of the moon. Ocean exploration is also full of challenges and opportunities. The deep sea is dark and has extremely high pressure, 7__________ makes it difficult for humans to reach. However, with the help of advanced 8__________ (equip) like deep-sea submarines, scientists can now explore the deep sea. They have discovered many new marine 9 __________(creature) and collected valuable samples, which contribute to the study of the underwater ecosystem. Both space and ocean exploration require a lot of time, money and effort. But they not only expand our knowledge of the world but also inspire us 10__________ (keep) exploring. In the future, humans will continue to step into the unknown, creating more miracles. 1. 应用文（建议信） 假定你是李华，你的朋友张明对科学探索兴趣不高，你想建议他多关注人类探索（太空或海洋）相关内容。请你写一封建议信，内容包括： 1. 建议关注的探索领域（太空/海洋任选其一）； 2. 建议的具体方式（如看纪录片、读文章）； 3. 关注该领域的意义。 注意：1. 词数80-100；2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数；3. 可适当增加细节，使行文连贯。 2. 读后续写 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Last month, a team of astronauts started a 15-day space mission. Their task was to carry out scientific experiments on the space station and collect data about the space environment. Before the mission, they had trained hard for years, preparing for all possible challenges. After launching successfully, the team arrived at the space station smoothly. They started their work immediately, doing experiments and recording data carefully. Everything went well in the first week. However, on the eighth day, an unexpected problem happened—the space station’s oxygen supply system broke down. The oxygen level was dropping slowly, which meant they were in great danger. The team leader, Alex, kept calm and gathered everyone to discuss solutions. They checked the system repeatedly but couldn’t find the exact fault quickly. As time passed, the oxygen level became lower and lower, and everyone felt anxious. Just when they were about to lose hope, Alex thought of a new way. 注意：1. 所续写短文的词数应为150左右；2. 至少使用2处细节描写（动作、心理、神态等）；3. 续写部分分为两段，每段开头已给出； Paragraph 1: Alex told the team his idea and asked everyone to work together immediately. Paragraph 2: After several hours of hard work, the oxygen supply system was finally repaired. 答案： 1. showing 解析：句子已有谓语动词keep，此处需用非谓语动词，主语we与show为主动关系，用现在分词作伴随状语，故填showing。 2. have launched 解析：根据“with the development of aerospace technology”及语境，“发射火箭飞船”的动作从过去持续到现在，用现在完成时；主语many countries为复数，故填have launched。 3. success 解析：achieved后接名词，succeed为动词，对应的名词为success（成功），此处特指嫦娥工程的成就，用单数形式。 4. successfully 解析：修饰动词landed，用副词，success的副词形式为successfully（成功地），符合语境“嫦娥四号成功登陆月球背面”。 5. which 解析：此处为非限制性定语从句，先行词为a relay satellite，关系词在从句中作主语，指物，故填which。 6. understand 解析：help sb. (to) do sth.为固定搭配，意为“帮助某人做某事”，to可省略，故填understand。 7. which 解析：此处为非限制性定语从句，先行词为“the deep sea is dark and has extremely high pressure”这件事，关系词在从句中作主语，故填which。 8. equipment 解析：advanced后接名词，equip为动词，对应的名词为equipment（设备），为不可数名词，故填equipment。 9. creatures 解析：many后接可数名词复数，creature的复数形式为creatures（生物），此处指“许多新的海洋生物”。 10. to keep 解析：inspire sb. to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“激励某人做某事”，故填to keep。 1. 应用文（建议信）参考范文 Dear Zhang Ming, I notice that you’re not very interested in scientific exploration recently. I’d like to give you some advice to change this situation. I suggest you pay more attention to space exploration, which is full of surprises and significance. You can start by watching space exploration documentaries, such as those about the Chang’e program and Tianwen-1 mission. They show the wonderful universe and China’s great achievements in space clearly. You can also read related articles online or in magazines to learn more about astronauts’ stories and new space technology. Focusing on space exploration can broaden your horizons, help you learn more scientific knowledge, and even inspire your courage to face challenges. I believe you will fall in love with exploration soon. Looking forward to sharing interesting exploration news with you. Yours, Li Hua 解析： • 格式正确：包含称呼、正文、落款，符合建议信文体要求； • 内容完整：涵盖“建议的探索领域、具体方式、关注意义”三大要点，细节充实（举例纪录片、文章来源，列举航天工程）； • 语言适配：运用话题词汇（space exploration、documentaries、Chang’e program、Tianwen-1 mission、astronauts、scientific knowledge），使用建议信高频句型（I suggest you...、You can start by...、Focusing on...can...），语义连贯，语气得体。 2. 读后续写参考范文 Paragraph 1: Alex told the team his idea and asked everyone to work together immediately. His plan was to use the backup equipment to temporarily repair the oxygen system. Everyone nodded firmly, putting aside their anxiety. Some astronauts took out the backup parts, while others checked the connection lines carefully, their hands moving quickly but steadily. Alex stood beside them, guiding the work and cheering everyone up: “We’ve trained for years, and we can solve this problem!” The tension in the space station gradually eased as everyone focused on the task. Paragraph 2: After several hours of hard work, the oxygen supply system was finally repaired. The oxygen level stopped dropping and began to rise slowly. Everyone sighed with relief, and smiles appeared on their tired faces. Some hugged each other excitedly, tears of joy in their eyes. Alex looked at his team and said proudly: “We overcame the challenge with courage and teamwork. This is the spirit of space exploration.” Later, they continued their mission smoothly. This experience made them realize that no matter how difficult the situation is, persistence and unity can help them get through it. 解析： • 情节连贯：承接前文“氧气系统故障，Alex想到新办法”，第一段写团队按Alex的想法分工协作维修，第二段写维修成功及后续感悟，符合“遇阻-应对-突破-感悟”的逻辑； • 细节到位：包含动作描写（took out、checked、hugged each other）、神态描写（hands moving quickly but steadily、smiles appeared on their tired faces、tears of joy in their eyes）、心理描写（putting aside their anxiety、sighed with relief），符合读后续写细节要求； • 话题适配：融入太空探索话题词汇（space mission、space station、oxygen supply system、backup equipment、space exploration），体现探索者的勇气、坚持与团队精神，主题鲜明，情感真实。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题10 人类探索 “ “ 高中英语人教版一轮复习大单元话题整合 “ “ 超链接 必修三 Unit 4 Space Exploration 选择性必修四 Unit 3 Sea Exploration 5 Hi, Doubao. Please summarize the words and phrases about human exploration in RenJiaoBan English Textbook. Hi, what can I do for you? Here are some information about it. Please click 超链接（纯干货） 6 1. 主旨大意题：考查对探索类文章主题（如某类探索的历程、技术突破、核心意义）、作者写作意图（如歌颂探索者勇气、强调探索对科技/人类的价值）的概括，多对应全文或段落核心观点。 2. 细节理解题：聚焦探索关键信息，包括探索时间、主体、技术手段、突破成果、面临挑战（如海洋的高压/黑暗）、探索影响等具体内容的提取与匹配。 3. 推理判断题：需结合文本隐含信息，推断探索事件的后续发展、探索技术的应用前景、作者对探索行为的态度、探索成果的深层价值，避免脱离原文主观臆断。 4. 词义猜测题：涉及探索领域专业词汇（如太空的orbit、capsule，海洋的submarine、marine）、抽象概念词（如breakthrough、ambition），依托上下文语境、同义替换、举例说明或常识辅助判断。 话题阅读 模板来自于： 第一PPT https:/// 梳理探索脉络，标记时间词（如in 2020、over the past century）、技术词（如rocket、submarine、advanced equipment）、转折/因果词（however、because、so），理清事件发展顺序与逻辑关系 聚焦探索核心要素，圈画探索主体（国家、团队、个人）、关键突破（如首次着陆、新物种发现）、挑战及应对方式，这类内容多为细节题、推理题解题关键 积累话题核心词汇（如exploration、breakthrough、launch、dive、marine、astronaut），提升长难句解读效率，尤其关注探索技术、成果影响类长句的逻辑拆分 细节题回归原文精准定位，核对时间、数据、主体等关键信息；推理题基于文本信息推导，排除绝对化、无依据选项；主旨题结合各段首句+探索核心意义总结 解题技巧 1 2 3 4 词汇辨析 话题完形填空 语境逻辑 语法应用 话题常识 优先填有逻辑信号词提示的空格（如however后表转折，体现探索遇阻；finally后表结果，对应探索成功） 话题词汇优先匹配，如太空探索用launch rocket、land on the moon，海洋探索用dive into the sea、collect marine samples，挑战类用face pressure 关注探索场景与情感适配，探索准备阶段多填积极类词汇（如determined、ambitious），遇阻阶段多填消极类词汇（如difficult、discouraged），突破成功阶段多填喜悦/自豪类词汇（如excited、successful、proud） 复读全文，核对答案：填完后通读全文，检查语义连贯、逻辑通顺，修正与探索主题、情节发展、人物精神不符的答案，确保细节与主旨一致。 解题技巧 1 2 3 4 词性转换 话题语法填空 时态与语态 非谓语动词 冠词介词 1. 通读全文，把握语境：快速浏览语篇，明确探索类型（太空/海洋）、核心任务、关键突破及意义，标记时间词（如in 2021、over the past decades）、逻辑词，预判时态与逻辑关系，建立整体认知。 2. 逐空分析，锁定考点： • 无提示词空：优先考虑冠词、介词、连词、代词，结合固定搭配、逻辑关系、语法规则（定语从句关系词、形式主语it）判断； • 有提示词空：先判断词性，再按对应考点突破——动词考时态、语态、非谓语；名词考单复数、所有格；形容词/副词考比较级、最高级或词性转换； • 话题适配优先：遇到探索类核心词汇，优先联想派生形式或固定搭配，如提示词“explore”，结合语境可能填“exploration”（n.探索）或“exploring”（动名词），提示词“advance”可能填“advanced”。 3. 复读核对，修正错误：填完后通读全文，检查语法正确、语义连贯、话题词汇使用精准，避免单复数、时态一致、固定搭配等细节失误。 1. 应用文—建议信：围绕“参与探索类活动”“关注探索领域发展”写建议信（如建议同学关注太空探索、参与海洋环保探索活动），要求格式正确（称呼、落款完整）、内容具体（建议内容、原因、行动方式）、语言简洁得体，贴合话题场景。 2. 应用文—报道：报道某场探索类活动、某项探索成果（如学校航天知识竞赛、我国深海探测新突破），要求客观真实、结构清晰（背景-过程-成果-意义）、语言正式，突出探索主题与积极导向。 3. 读后续写：选材多为探索过程中的关键情节（如太空任务遇阻、深海探测突发状况、航行探险突破困境），要求情节连贯、情感真实、细节丰富，贴合探索者的勇气、坚持精神，传递积极价值观。 话题写作 模板来自于： 第一PPT https:/// 写作技巧 高频话题词汇 • 探索动作类：explore探索；launch发射；dive潜水；sail航行；discover发现；research研究；develop研发；overcome克服；face面对；carry out执行；accomplish完成；break through突破 • 探索设备/领域类：rocket火箭；spaceship宇宙飞船；submarine潜艇；lander着陆器；satellite卫星；universe宇宙；galaxy星系；ocean海洋；deep sea深海；marine海洋的；aerospace航天的；advanced先进的 • 品质/意义类：courage勇气；determination决心；perseverance毅力；ambition抱负；challenge挑战；achievement成就；breakthrough突破；progress进步；significance意义；inspire激励；expand拓展；contribute贡献 1. I’m writing to advise you to pay more attention to..., which is of great significance for us to broaden our horizons.（我写信建议你多关注…，这对我们拓宽视野意义重大） 2. It’s a good idea to take part in...activities, as they can help us learn more about exploration and develop our courage.（参与……活动是个好主意，因为它们能帮助我们更多了解探索，培养勇气。） 3. I hope you can join me in..., and together we can experience the charm of exploration.（希望你能和我一起……，共同感受探索的魅力。） 写作模板 建议信句型 1. On [date], our school held a [activity name] to celebrate the great achievements in human exploration.（[日期]，我校举办了[活动名称]，以庆祝人类探索领域的重大成就） 2. The activity included..., which not only let students know more about...but also inspired their enthusiasm for exploration.（活动包含……，这不仅让学生更多了解……，还激发了他们的探索热情。） 3. This achievement marks a new step in..., and it will surely promote the development of related fields.（这项成就标志着……迈出新步伐，必将推动相关领域的发展。） 写作模板 报道句型 1. Facing the sudden problem, he took a deep breath, his eyes full of determination, and decided to find a way out.（面对突发问题，他深吸一口气，眼中满是决心，决定寻找解决办法。） 2. When the team saw the long-awaited result, cheers broke out, and all the tiredness and worries disappeared in an instant.（当团队看到期待已久的结果时，欢呼声响起，所有的疲惫与担忧瞬间消散。） 3. It was their courage and never-give-up spirit that helped them overcome all difficulties and complete the exploration mission successfully.（正是他们的勇气与永不放弃的精神，帮助他们克服所有困难，成功完成探索任务。） 写作模板 读后续写描写句型 “ “ 高中英语人教版一轮复习大单元话题整合 THANK YOU null 4597.5605 $ 一、必修三 Unit 4 Space Exploration（太空探索） • 核心名词：space太空；exploration探索；universe宇宙；galaxy星系；solar system太阳系；planet行星；star恒星；satellite卫星；rocket火箭；spaceship宇宙飞船；astronaut宇航员；capsule太空舱；orbit轨道；launch发射；mission任务；achievement成就；breakthrough突破；technology技术；challenge挑战；risk风险；phenomenon现象（复数phenomena）；gravity重力；atmosphere大气层 • 核心动词：explore探索；launch发射；orbit绕……轨道运行；land着陆；settle定居；discover发现；invent发明；develop研发；conduct实施；carry out执行；accomplish完成；overcome克服；face面对；risk冒险；devote致力于；contribute贡献 • 核心形容词：space-related与太空相关的；astronautic航天的；advanced先进的；difficult困难的；challenging有挑战性的；dangerous危险的；ambitious有抱负的；pioneering开创性的；remarkable非凡的；successful成功的；potential潜在的；unknown未知的 • 核心副词：successfully成功地；completely完全地；greatly极大地；ambitiously有抱负地；bravely勇敢地；carefully仔细地 （二）重点短语 1. space exploration 太空探索 2. solar system 太阳系 3. launch a rocket 发射火箭 4. send a spaceship into space 把宇宙飞船送入太空 5. go on a space mission 执行太空任务 6. orbit the earth 绕地球轨道运行 7. land on the moon/Mars 在月球/火星着陆 8. make a breakthrough in space exploration 在太空探索领域取得突破 9. face great challenges 面临巨大挑战 10. take risks 冒险 11. overcome difficulties 克服困难 12. conduct space research 开展太空研究 13. develop advanced space technology 研发先进的太空技术 14. contribute to space exploration 为太空探索做贡献 15. be curious about the universe 对宇宙充满好奇 16. set foot on 踏上（某地） 17. in the future 在未来 18. with the development of technology 随着技术的发展 19. a pioneer in space exploration 太空探索领域的先驱 20. achieve great success in 在……方面取得巨大成功 （三）核心句型及仿写 1. 原句：With the rapid development of space technology, humans have made remarkable achievements in space exploration over the past decades. 仿写：With the rapid development of science and technology, our country has made remarkable achievements in space exploration over the past 30 years.（随着科技的快速发展，我国在过去30年里在太空探索领域取得了非凡成就。） 2. 原句：Astronauts who go on space missions have to face great risks and challenges, but they still devote themselves to space exploration bravely. 仿写：Astronauts who take part in the Mars mission have to face great risks and challenges, but they still devote themselves to space exploration bravely.（参与火星任务的宇航员必须面临巨大的风险和挑战，但他们仍勇敢地投身于太空探索。） 3. 原句：Although space exploration is difficult and costly, its significance and value cannot be ignored, as it promotes the development of science and technology. 仿写：Although Mars exploration is difficult and costly, its significance and value cannot be ignored, as it helps humans know more about the unknown planet.（尽管火星探索困难且昂贵，但其意义和价值不容忽视，因为它帮助人类更多地了解这颗未知的行星。） 二、选择性必修四 Unit 3 Sea Exploration（海洋探索） • 核心名词：sea海洋；ocean海洋；exploration探索；voyage航行；expedition探险队；journey旅程；ship船；vessel船只；submarine潜艇；diver潜水员；marine生物；creature生物；resource资源；environment环境；pollution污染；coast海岸；shore岸；wave波浪；current洋流；depth深度；pressure压力；challenge挑战；achievement成就；technology技术；equipment设备 • 核心动词：explore探索；voyage航行；sail航行；dive潜水；discover发现；search搜索；research研究；develop研发；protect保护；preserve保护；collect收集；analyze分析；overcome克服；face面对；risk冒险；carry out执行；accomplish完成 • 核心形容词：marine海洋的；oceanic海洋的；underwater水下的；deep深的；vast广阔的；dangerous危险的；challenging有挑战性的；advanced先进的；exploratory探索性的；abundant丰富的；rare稀有的；polluted受污染的；potential潜在的；unknown未知的 • 核心副词：deeply深深地；vastly广阔地；successfully成功地；carefully仔细地；bravely勇敢地；extensively广泛地 （二）重点短语 1. sea exploration 海洋探索 2. go on a voyage 进行航行 3. deep-sea exploration 深海探索 4. dive into the sea 潜入海中 5. search for marine resources 寻找海洋资源 6. study marine creatures 研究海洋生物 7. protect the marine environment 保护海洋环境 8. reduce marine pollution 减少海洋污染 9. carry out an ocean expedition 开展海洋探险 10. face the pressure of deep sea 面临深海压力 11. overcome the challenges of sea exploration 克服海洋探索的挑战 12. develop underwater equipment 研发水下设备 13. make achievements in sea exploration 在海洋探索领域取得成就 14. sail across the ocean 横渡海洋 15. explore the unknown underwater world 探索未知的水下世界 16. analyze marine samples 分析海洋样本 17. with the help of advanced technology 在先进技术的帮助下 18. a vast ocean of knowledge 广阔的知识海洋 19. preserve marine biodiversity 保护海洋生物多样性 20. adapt to the underwater environment 适应水下环境 （三）核心句型及仿写 1. 原句：The ocean, which covers most of the earth’s surface, is full of mysteries, attracting humans to explore it for thousands of years. 仿写：The Pacific Ocean, which is the largest ocean in the world, is full of mysteries, attracting humans to explore it for thousands of years.（作为世界上最大的海洋，太平洋充满了奥秘，数千年来一直吸引着人类去探索。） 2. 原句：With the help of advanced underwater equipment, scientists can now study marine creatures and the underwater environment more deeply. 仿写：With the help of advanced submarine technology, scientists can now study deep-sea creatures and the underwater environment more deeply.（在先进潜艇技术的帮助下，科学家们现在可以更深入地研究深海生物和水下环境。） 3. 原句：Although the underwater world is dangerous and unknown, explorers still keep moving forward, showing great courage and determination. 仿写：Although the deep-sea world is dangerous and unknown, explorers still keep moving forward, showing great courage and determination.（尽管深海世界危险且未知，探险家们仍勇往直前，展现出极大的勇气和决心。） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $