内容正文:
专题03 运动与健康
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高中英语人教版一轮复习大单元话题整合
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必修一
Unit 3 Sports and Fitness
选择性必修二
Unit 5 First Aid
必修三
Unit 2 Healthy Lifestyle
超链接
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Please summarize the words and phrases about sports and fitness in RenJiaoBan English Textbook.
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1. 主旨大意题:高频考查文本核心话题,需快速抓取首尾段及段落主题句,概括文本整体内容,避免被细节信息干扰。
2. 细节理解题:重点考查场景内具体信息,选项常存在信息错位、偷换概念、遗漏关键步骤等干扰,需精准定位原文对应内容,逐一比对选项与原文细节判断。
3. 推理判断题:依据健康建议推断其对身体的潜在影响,根据文本观点推断作者对某类生活方式的态度,推断需立足原文。
4. 词义猜测题:涉及运动、急救、健康相关专属词汇,可通过上下文语境、同义替换、举例说明、话题词汇积累或词根词缀知识猜测词义。
5. 观点态度题:聚焦作者对运动价值、急救知识学习、健康生活方式、不良习惯危害等话题的态度,需关注文本中带感情色彩的词汇及转折、递进等逻辑连接词,提炼作者核心立场。
话题阅读
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1. 读前预判,聚焦话题:浏览标题、副标题及首尾段,快速明确文章所属场景(运动、急救、健康生活)与体裁,结合话题核心词汇预设文本可能涉及的内容,减少阅读阻力,提升阅读针对性。
2. 定位关键,精准解细节:解答细节题时,提取题干中的关键信息,快速定位原文对应段落与句子,对比选项与原文细节,重点关注步骤顺序、数量、逻辑关系的一致性,排除与原文矛盾或无依据的干扰项。
3. 理清逻辑,深层悟内涵:针对说明文,抓取说明对象的特征、方法、作用,;针对记叙文,梳理事件的起因、经过、结果及人物的情感变化;针对议论文,明确论点、论据及论证逻辑,区分作者观点与客观事实。
4. 结合话题,辅助判答案:遇到运动损伤处理、健康习惯养成、急救流程等相关题目时,可结合单元所学话题知识辅助判断,增强答案的准确性,同时规避与话题常识相悖的选项。
解题技巧
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词汇辨析
话题完形填空
语境逻辑
语法应用
话题常识
1. 通读全文,把握主旨与基调:先快速通读全文,不纠结单个空格,重点关注首尾句及情节转折处,明确文章讲述的核心经历及整体情感基调(如励志、温暖、欣慰等),标记关键信息,为后续空格选择奠定整体语境基础。
2. 瞻前顾后,抓语境线索:每个空格的答案均隐藏在上下文中,需“瞻前顾后”提取线索,根据话题场景选择符合逻辑的名词/动词,确保答案与上下文语义连贯。
3. 优先搭配,速解固定题:遇到固定搭配类题目,直接依托单元积累的话题短语快速匹配答案,减少犹豫,提升解题效率;对于词汇辨析题,结合语境分析词义差异,选择最贴合话题场景、情感基调及逻辑关系的词汇。
4. 复读验证,修正补漏洞:检查词汇搭配是否地道、语境逻辑是否连贯、语法是否正确、语义是否通顺,确保填入词汇后文本情节完整、情感一致,无前后矛盾或语义脱节的情况,修正不确定的答案,提升准确率。
解题技巧
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词性转换
话题语法填空
时态与语态
非谓语动词
冠词介词
1. 通读全文,把握语境:先快速通读文本,明确文章主题(如运动、急救、健康生活)、体裁及整体逻辑,标记时间、人物、事件、核心观点等关键信息,判断文本整体时态基调,为后续语法判断奠定语境基础,避免脱离场景盲目填空。
2. 聚焦考点,精准突破:针对不同考点采用对应策略,词性转换题先分析空格前后词性、句子成分,确定所需词性后结合词缀规则变形;时态语态题根据时间词、上下文时态及主谓关系判断,被动语态需补充“be+过去分词”结构,确保时态一致;非谓语动词题分析与逻辑主语的主动/被动关系及语法功能,确定用to do、doing或done;介词题优先联想话题固定搭配,无搭配时结合语境判断语义。
3. 复核验证,检查通顺:完成所有空格后,再次通读全文,检查语法形式是否正确、词汇拼写是否无误、句子逻辑是否连贯、语义是否通顺,重点核对词性转换的准确性、时态语态的一致性、固定搭配的完整性,确保无语法错误与语境矛盾,提升填空准确率。
1. 应用文类:侧重运动与健康场景实用文体,包括书信(给朋友的运动建议信、关于健康生活方式的倡议信、向校医咨询运动损伤处理的咨询信)、通知(校园运动比赛通知、急救知识讲座通知、健康生活主题活动通知)、演讲稿(“运动与健康”主题演讲稿、急救知识重要性发言稿),需严格遵循对应文体格式,语言贴合写作对象语气(对朋友亲切自然、对师生客观清晰、对听众真诚恳切),内容紧扣场景需求,确保实用易懂。
2. 记叙文类:聚焦运动与健康相关成长经历,如“一次难忘的运动比赛经历”“运动损伤后的急救暖心故事”“健康生活习惯转变的历程”“学习急救技能的收获”等,需围绕事件起因、经过、结果展开,融入细节描写(动作、心理、环境)与情感表达,突出运动带来的成长、急救传递的温暖或健康习惯养成的感悟,情节完整。
3. 议论文/观点类:围绕运动与健康相关话题展开论述,如“运动对身心的重要意义”“急救知识应成为每个人的必备技能”“健康生活方式的核心要素”“青少年如何平衡运动与学习”等,需明确核心观点,采用“观点+论据+分析”的结构,论据可结合自身经历、生活案例、客观事实,逻辑连贯,论证充分,体现对运动与健康话题的深度思考。
话题写作
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写作技巧
1. 应用文:①格式规范,严格遵循对应文体格式,书信包含称呼、正文、祝福语、署名、日期;②语言得体,根据写作对象调整语气,如建议信亲切自然、通知简洁明了、演讲稿恳切有感染力,避免语气生硬或不符合场景;③内容完整,紧扣写作目的,如建议信给出具体可行的运动/健康建议,通知明确活动核心信息,咨询信清晰表达问题,确保信息无缺失,贴合实用需求。
2. 记叙文:①结构清晰,采用“总-分-总”或“起因-经过-结果”结构,融入动作、心理、环境描写,让经历更真实;结尾升华主题,体现运动成长、健康感悟或温暖传递,呼应“难忘”“收获”等核心情感;②话题词汇融入,自然使用运动、急救、健康相关词汇及短语,增强话题适配性,避免词汇单一;③情感真挚,结合自身体验表达真实情绪(如运动的喜悦、受伤的焦急、养成习惯的欣慰),引发共鸣。
3. 议论文/观点类:①观点明确,开头直接抛出核心观点,避免模糊不清;②论据充分,每个观点搭配具体论据(自身经历、生活案例、客观事实等),如论述运动益处可结合“规律跑步提升免疫力”“篮球运动培养团队精神”等案例,增强说服力;③逻辑连贯,使用逻辑连接词,理清段落关系,让论证层层递进;④语言严谨,用词准确,避免口语化表达,体现议论文的正式性,同时融入话题核心词汇,提升语言专业性。
Dear classmates,
I’m writing to call on everyone to develop a healthy lifestyle, which is vital to our physical and mental health.
To keep healthy, we should start with three aspects. Firstly, we should take regular exercise, such as running, swimming or playing ball games. Regular exercise can build up our strength and relieve stress from study. Secondly, keep a balanced diet—eat more vegetables and fruits, cut down on junk food and sugary drinks, and avoid overeating. Thirdly, ensure enough sleep and avoid staying up late, as lack of sleep will affect our energy and study efficiency. In addition, we should learn to adjust our mood and stay positive when facing pressure.
A healthy lifestyle is the foundation of a happy life. Let’s take action from now on, develop good habits and keep healthy together.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
写作模板
健康生活方式倡议信
Among all my sports experiences, the school basketball match last month is the most unforgettable one, which taught me the importance of perseverance and teamwork.
Before the match, our team trained hard every day. We practiced passing, shooting and defending repeatedly, and helped each other improve our skills. On the match day, I was nervous but excited. In the first half, we fell behind because of a few mistakes. I felt discouraged, but my teammates encouraged me to cheer up. In the second half, we changed our strategy, cooperated closely and tried our best. I ran fast to catch the ball, passed it to my teammate in time, and finally scored a key goal in the last minute. We won the match in the end.
This match not only made me realize the power of teamwork but also let me know that perseverance can help us overcome difficulties. It will always be a precious memory that encourages me to keep going in sports and life.
写作模板
难忘的运动比赛记叙文
Nowadays, more and more people pay attention to sports, and it’s not hard to see that sports play an important role in our physical and mental health.
Physically, sports are an effective way to keep healthy. Regular exercise can build up our physical strength, improve our immune system and help us control weight, making us less likely to get sick. For example, running every morning can strengthen our heart and lungs, while playing ball games can exercise our body coordination. Mentally, sports help relieve stress. In daily life, we often face pressure from study or life. When we do sports, our body produces endorphins, which can make us feel happy and relaxed. Besides, group sports can help us make more friends and improve our teamwork ability, making us more confident and positive.
In short, sports are beneficial to both our body and mind. We should develop the habit of doing sports regularly, choose suitable sports according to our physical condition, and enjoy the benefits that sports bring to us.
写作模板
运动对身心的重要意义
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高中英语人教版一轮复习大单元话题整合
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高中英语人教版一轮复习大单元话题整合
专题03 运动与健康
一、必修一 Unit 3 Sports and Fitness
(一)核心词汇
1. sport(n.):运动;体育运动,泛指各类体育项目,可搭配play sports(做运动)、winter sports(冬季运动),延伸为sportsmanship(n.体育精神),适配运动场景基础表达。
2. fitness(n.):健康;健身,侧重身体机能的良好状态与健身活动,搭配physical fitness(身体健康)、fitness center(健身中心),派生词为fit(adj.健康的;合适的,v.适应;健身),如keep fit(保持健康)。
3. compete(v.):竞争;比赛,侧重参与体育竞技,搭配compete in(参加……比赛)、compete with/against(与……竞争),派生词为competition(n.比赛;竞争)、competitor(n.参赛者)、competitive(adj.有竞争力的)。
4. strength(n.):力量;力气;优势,运动中可指身体力量或竞技优势,搭配build up strength(增强力量)、strength and weakness(优势与劣势),对应形容词strong(强壮的)。
5. energy(n.):精力;能量,侧重运动所需的体力与活力,搭配save energy(节省精力)、full of energy(精力充沛),派生词为energetic(adj.精力充沛的)。
6. injury(n.):损伤;伤害,特指运动中出现的身体受伤,搭配sports injury(运动损伤)、get an injury(受伤),对应动词injure(v.伤害;损伤)、injured(adj.受伤的)。
7. challenge(n./v.):挑战;向……挑战,运动中可指竞技挑战或突破自我,搭配take on a challenge(接受挑战)、challenge oneself(挑战自我)。
8. balance(n./v.):平衡;使平衡,运动场景中侧重身体平衡或运动与休息的平衡,搭配keep balance(保持平衡)、balance between sports and study(运动与学习的平衡)。
(二)重点短语
1. build up:增强;积累,侧重提升身体素质,如build up physical strength(增强体力)、build up fitness(提升健康水平)。
2. take part in:参加;参与,同义短语为join in、participate in,用于表达参与体育比赛或运动活动,如take part in the school sports meeting(参加校运动会)。
3. in spite of:尽管;不管,用于描述克服困难参与运动,如in spite of the rain, we still took part in the running race(尽管下雨,我们还是参加了跑步比赛)。
4. come along:出现;一起来;进展,运动场景中可指加入运动、运动技能进展,如come along to play basketball with us(一起来和我们打篮球)、my tennis skills are coming along well(我的网球技能进展得不错)。
5. fall apart:破裂;崩溃,此处侧重身体因缺乏运动或受伤而状态变差,如without regular exercise, the body will fall apart easily(缺乏规律运动,身体容易垮掉)。
6. set an example:树立榜样,用于描述优秀运动员的示范作用,如the athlete set an example for us with his hard work(这位运动员用努力为我们树立了榜样)。
(三)核心句型及仿写
1. 句型1:not only...but also...(不仅……而且……,连接并列成分,主谓一致就近原则)
原句:Doing sports not only keeps us fit but also helps us relieve stress.
仿写:参加校运动会不仅能锻炼我们的身体,还能培养我们的团队精神。(Taking part in the school sports meeting not only exercises our bodies but also develops our team spirit.)
2. 句型2:It’s + adj. + for sb. to do sth.(对某人来说做某事是……的)
原句:It’s important for teenagers to keep a balance between sports and study.
仿写:对运动员来说,坚持日常训练并保持良好心态是很必要的。(It’s necessary for athletes to stick to daily training and keep a good attitude.)
3. 句型3:Although/Though + 从句,主句(尽管……,但是……)
原句:Although he got injured in the training, he still insisted on taking part in the competition.
仿写:尽管跑步很累,但它能帮助我们释放压力、保持精力充沛。(Although running is tiring, it can help us relieve stress and stay energetic.)
4. 句型4:The reason why...is that...(……的原因是……)
原句:The reason why I like playing basketball is that it can strengthen my body and improve my teamwork ability.
仿写:很多人喜欢健身的原因是健身能增强力量、提升身体素质。(The reason why many people like fitness is that it can build up strength and improve physical fitness.)
二、选择性必修二 Unit 5 First Aid
(一)核心词汇
1. first aid(n.):急救,不可数名词,搭配give first aid(实施急救)、first aid knowledge(急救知识)、first aid kit(急救箱),是话题核心基础词汇。
2. injury(n.):损伤;伤害,复用运动话题词汇,本单元侧重意外受伤(如擦伤、烫伤、骨折等),搭配minor injury(轻伤)、severe injury(重伤)、treat an injury(处理伤口/损伤)。
3. treat(v.):治疗;处理;对待,急救场景中侧重处理伤口、治疗损伤,搭配treat a cut(处理擦伤)、treat sb. for an injury(为某人治疗损伤),派生词为treatment(n.治疗;处理)。
4. bleed(v.):流血;出血,对应名词blood(n.血液),搭配bleed heavily(大量出血)、stop bleeding(止血),派生词为bleeding(n.出血;adj.流血的)。
5. burn(v./n.):燃烧;烫伤;烧伤,急救高频词,搭配get burned(被烫伤/烧伤)、treat a burn(处理烫伤/烧伤)、first-degree burn(一度烧伤)。
6. press(v./n.):按压;压力,急救场景中侧重按压止血,搭配press hard on the wound(用力按压伤口)、press the button(按按钮),名词搭配pressure(n.压力)。
7. apply(v.):应用;涂抹;申请,复用前话题词汇,本单元侧重“涂抹”药膏、“应用”急救知识,搭配apply medicine to the wound(往伤口上涂药)、apply first aid skills(应用急救技能)。
8. prevent(v.):预防;阻止,搭配prevent accidents(预防事故)、prevent sb. from doing sth.(阻止某人做某事)、prevent the wound from getting infected(防止伤口感染),派生词为prevention(n.预防;阻止)。
(二)重点短语
1. fall down:摔倒;跌倒,常引发受伤,是急救场景的常见诱因,如he fell down and got a cut on his knee(他摔倒了,膝盖擦伤了)。
2. in case of:万一;如果,用于提醒急救应对场景,如in case of bleeding, press hard on the wound immediately(万一出血,立即用力按压伤口)。
3. deal with:处理;应对,侧重处理急救相关问题,如deal with a burn properly(正确处理烫伤)、deal with emergency situations(应对紧急情况)。
4. put one’s hands on:找到;拿到,用于急救中获取物品,如quickly put your hands on the first aid kit(快速找到急救箱)。
5. take off:脱掉;取下,急救中可指脱掉受伤部位的衣物,如take off the clothes around the burned area(脱掉烧伤部位周围的衣服)。
6. call for help:呼救,紧急情况下寻求援助,如if the injury is severe, call for help at once(如果伤势严重,立即呼救)。
(三)核心句型及仿写
1. 句型1:If + 从句(一般现在时),主句(will/can/should + 动词原形)(条件状语从句)
原句:If you get a minor cut, you should clean the wound first and then apply some medicine.
仿写:如果有人严重出血,你应该立即按压止血并呼救。(If someone bleeds heavily, you should press to stop bleeding and call for help at once.)
2. 句型2:It’s important/necessary to do sth.(做某事是重要的/必要的)
原句:It’s necessary for everyone to learn some basic first aid knowledge.
仿写:掌握正确的烫伤处理方法对我们来说很重要。(It’s important for us to master the correct way to treat burns.)
3. 句型3:Before/After + 动名词/从句,主句(时间状语从句)
原句:Before applying medicine to the wound, you must clean it with clean water.
仿写:处理伤口之后,你应该用干净的纱布覆盖它。(After dealing with the wound, you should cover it with clean gauze.)
4. 句型4:The way to do sth. is to do sth.(做某事的方法是做某事)
原句:The way to stop bleeding is to press hard on the wound with a clean cloth.
仿写:预防运动受伤的方法是提前热身并做好防护。(The way to prevent sports injuries is to warm up in advance and take protective measures.)
三、必修三 Unit 2 Healthy Lifestyle
(一)核心词汇
1. healthy(adj.):健康的,反义形容词为unhealthy(不健康的),搭配healthy lifestyle(健康的生活方式)、healthy diet(健康饮食)、healthy habits(健康习惯),派生词为health(n.健康)、healthily(adv.健康地)。
2. lifestyle(n.):生活方式,话题核心名词,搭配healthy lifestyle(健康生活方式)、unhealthy lifestyle(不健康生活方式)、change one’s lifestyle(改变生活方式)。
3. diet(n./v.):饮食;节食,侧重日常饮食结构,搭配balanced diet(均衡饮食)、healthy diet(健康饮食)、go on a diet(节食),动词搭配diet on sth.(以某物为食)。
4. stress(n./v.):压力;施压,侧重生活、学习中的压力,搭配stress from study(学习压力)、relieve stress(缓解压力)、be under stress(承受压力),动词搭配stress sb. out(使某人压力大)。
5. sleep(n./v.):睡眠;睡觉,健康生活核心要素,搭配enough sleep(充足睡眠)、sleep well(睡得好)、lack of sleep(睡眠不足),派生词为sleepy(adj.困倦的)、asleep(adj.睡着的)。
6. balance(n./v.):平衡;使平衡,复用运动话题词汇,本单元侧重饮食平衡、生活与休息的平衡,搭配balanced diet(均衡饮食)、balance between work and rest(劳逸结合)、balance life and study(平衡生活与学习)。
7. avoid(v.):避免;避开,侧重规避不健康的行为,搭配avoid junk food(避免垃圾食品)、avoid staying up late(避免熬夜)、avoid doing sth.(避免做某事)。
8. improve(v.):改善;提高,侧重提升健康状态,搭配improve health(改善健康)、improve living habits(改善生活习惯)、improve sleep quality(提升睡眠质量),派生词为improvement(n.改善;提升)。
(二)重点短语
1. keep a balanced diet:保持均衡饮食,健康饮食核心表达,是健康生活方式的重要组成部分。
2. stay up late:熬夜,不健康生活习惯,反义表达为go to bed early(早睡),如staying up late will affect your health(熬夜会影响你的健康)。
3. take regular exercise:进行规律运动,复用运动话题相关表达,健康生活的核心要素之一,如taking regular exercise helps improve physical fitness(规律运动有助于提升身体素质)。
4. relieve stress:缓解压力,适配应对生活、学习压力的场景,如listening to music can help relieve stress(听音乐有助于缓解压力)。
5. in order to:为了;以便,用于表达健康生活的目的,如in order to keep healthy, we should exercise regularly(为了保持健康,我们应该规律运动)。
6. cut down on:减少;削减,侧重减少不健康事物的摄入或行为,如cut down on junk food and sugary drinks(减少垃圾食品和含糖饮料的摄入)。
(三)核心句型及仿写
1. 句型1:As we all know,...(众所周知……)
原句:As we all know, a healthy lifestyle plays an important role in our daily life.
仿写:众所周知,均衡饮食和规律运动是保持健康的关键。(As we all know, a balanced diet and regular exercise are the keys to keeping healthy.)
2. 句型2:Not only...but also...(不仅……而且……,部分倒装)
原句:Not only does regular exercise keep us fit, but also it helps us stay in a good mood.
仿写:充足的睡眠不仅能让我们精力充沛,还能提高学习效率。(Not only can enough sleep make us energetic, but also it can improve our study efficiency.)
3. 句型3:With + 宾语 + 宾语补足语(with复合结构)
原句:With the improvement of people’s living standards, more and more people pay attention to healthy lifestyles.
仿写:随着生活压力的增大,越来越多的人开始学习缓解压力的方法。(With the increase of life stress, more and more people begin to learn ways to relieve stress.)
4. 句型4:It’s high time that...(到了……的时候了,从句用过去时或should+动词原形)
原句:It’s high time that we changed our unhealthy habits and developed a healthy lifestyle.
仿写:到了我们减少熬夜、保证充足睡眠的时候了。(It’s high time that we cut down on staying up late and ensured enough sleep.)
话题阅读
(一)选材特点
本话题阅读选材紧扣“运动与健康”核心,全面覆盖必修一Unit 3 Sports and Fitness、选择性必修二Unit 5 First Aid、必修三Unit 2 Healthy Lifestyle三大单元主题,内容场景聚焦运动、急救、健康生活三大核心板块,呈现鲜明的实用性与贴近性。一是场景维度多元,涵盖体育竞技与健身习惯、运动损伤急救处理、日常健康生活方式(饮食、睡眠、压力调节)、急救知识普及、健康习惯养成等场景,既包含运动技巧、急救流程、健康建议等实用信息,也融入运动精神、健康意识培养等深层内容,贴合学生日常学习生活与成长需求。二是体裁适配高考,以说明文和记叙文为主,穿插少量议论文;说明文侧重运动益处、急救方法、健康生活指南等知识讲解,记叙文聚焦运动成长故事、急救暖心经历、健康习惯转变历程,议论文围绕运动与健康的关联、急救知识的重要性等展开评论,符合高考阅读常见体裁考查方向。三是语言难度贴合一轮复习需求,融入话题核心词汇(如fitness、compete、injury、first aid、diet、stress等)与短语(如build up、take part in、deal with、keep a balanced diet、relieve stress等),语境真实鲜活,既能强化话题词汇积累,又能提升语篇理解与解题能力。
(二)核心考点梳理
1. 主旨大意题:高频考查文本核心话题,如运动对身心健康的益处、某类急救知识的核心要点、健康生活方式的核心要素、急救技能普及的重要性等,需快速抓取首尾段及段落主题句,概括文本整体内容,避免被细节信息干扰,确保答案覆盖文本核心场景与核心观点。
2. 细节理解题:重点考查场景内具体信息,如运动项目的优势、急救流程的步骤(如伤口处理、止血方法)、健康饮食的具体建议、运动损伤的预防措施、睡眠不足的危害等,选项常存在信息错位、偷换概念、遗漏关键步骤等干扰,需精准定位原文对应内容,逐一比对选项与原文细节判断。
3. 推理判断题:侧重基于文本信息推断隐含意义,如根据运动故事细节推断人物的体育精神,结合急救案例推断急救方法的核心作用,依据健康建议推断其对身体的潜在影响,根据文本观点推断作者对某类生活方式的态度,推断需立足原文,不脱离语境主观臆断。
4. 词义猜测题:涉及运动、急救、健康相关专属词汇,如“fitness、injury、bleed、burn、diet、stress、prevent”等,可通过上下文语境、同义替换、举例说明、话题词汇积累或词根词缀知识猜测词义,代入原文验证逻辑通顺性。
5. 观点态度题:聚焦作者对运动价值、急救知识学习、健康生活方式、不良习惯危害等话题的态度,需关注文本中带感情色彩的词汇(如褒义词“beneficial、vital、effective”,中性词“introduce、explain、describe”,贬义词“harmful、unhealthy、dangerous”)及转折、递进等逻辑连接词,提炼作者核心立场(支持、强调、建议、客观陈述等)。
(三)解题技巧
1. 读前预判,聚焦话题:浏览标题、副标题及首尾段,快速明确文章所属场景(运动、急救、健康生活)与体裁,结合话题核心词汇预设文本可能涉及的内容(如运动益处、急救步骤、健康建议等),减少阅读阻力,提升阅读针对性。
2. 定位关键,精准解细节:解答细节题时,提取题干中的关键信息(如运动项目、急救类型、健康要素、时间、动作等),快速定位原文对应段落与句子,对比选项与原文细节,重点关注步骤顺序、数量、逻辑关系的一致性,排除与原文矛盾或无依据的干扰项。
3. 理清逻辑,深层悟内涵:针对说明文,抓取说明对象的特征、方法、作用,借助“first、second、besides”等逻辑词理清说明顺序;针对记叙文,梳理事件的起因、经过、结果及人物的情感变化,关注细节描写背后的感悟;针对议论文,明确论点、论据及论证逻辑,区分作者观点与客观事实。
4. 结合话题,辅助判答案:遇到运动损伤处理、健康习惯养成、急救流程等相关题目时,可结合单元所学话题知识(如运动的益处、急救的基本准则、健康生活的核心要素等)辅助判断,增强答案的准确性,同时规避与话题常识相悖的选项。
话题完形填空
(一)选材特点
完形填空选材以“运动与健康”相关的叙事类文本为主,主题涵盖运动成长经历、运动损伤急救故事、健康生活习惯转变、急救场景暖心经历等,文本长度约280-300词,情节完整、逻辑清晰,兼具情感性与实用性。选材紧密关联单元核心词汇与短语,如运动类的“fitness、compete、build up、take part in、injury”,急救类的“first aid、bleed、treat、deal with、call for help”,健康生活类的“diet、stress、keep a balanced diet、relieve stress、stay up late”等,既考查词汇、语法的综合运用能力,又强化话题语境的适配性,贴合高考一轮复习难度与考查重点。文本多以第一人称视角讲述经历,情感真挚,易引发共鸣,同时融入克服困难、培养习惯、传递温暖等深层内容,兼顾语言考查与价值引导。
(二)核心考点梳理
1. 词汇辨析:侧重考查话题核心实词(名词、动词、形容词、副词)的近义词、形近词辨析,如“fit与healthy、compete与compete、injury与hurt、treat与cure、relieve与reduce、balance与keep”等,同时考查话题相关固定搭配(如“build up strength、take part in the competition、deal with a wound、keep a balanced diet、relieve stress”等),需结合语境与搭配习惯选择词汇。
2. 语境逻辑:通过上下文语境判断词汇选择,涵盖情感逻辑(积极/消极基调匹配,如运动成功的喜悦、受伤的焦急、养成健康习惯的欣慰等情绪对应的词汇)、因果逻辑(如因坚持运动而身体健康,因受伤而学习急救知识,因熬夜而精神不佳)、转折逻辑(如运动中受伤但坚持完成比赛,起初排斥健康饮食但后来主动改变)、时间顺序逻辑(如急救的先后步骤、运动的流程、健康习惯养成的过程),需紧扣上下文线索判断语义适配性。
3. 语法应用:考查基础语法知识在话题语境中的运用,如时态(一般过去时为主,体现过往的运动经历、急救事件,一般现在时用于介绍健康习惯、急救常识)、语态(主动语态为主,被动语态多出现于急救处理、健康建议的客观陈述)、非谓语动词(不定式表目的、现在分词作伴随状语、过去分词作定语)、连词(并列连词表并列/转折/因果,从属连词引导状语从句、定语从句)、代词指代(指代前文提到的运动器材、急救物品、健康习惯等),需结合语境与语法规则选择正确答案。
4. 话题常识:融入基础运动、急救、健康生活常识,如运动前热身的重要性、伤口处理的基本步骤、均衡饮食的构成、睡眠充足的益处等,结合生活经验与单元所学知识辅助判断,降低解题难度,规避不符合话题常识的选项。
(三)解题技巧
1. 通读全文,把握主旨与基调:先快速通读全文,不纠结单个空格,重点关注首尾句及情节转折处,明确文章讲述的核心经历(如运动比赛、急救事件、习惯转变)及整体情感基调(如励志、温暖、欣慰等),标记关键信息(如时间节点、核心动作、情感词),为后续空格选择奠定整体语境基础。
2. 瞻前顾后,抓语境线索:每个空格的答案均隐藏在上下文中,需“瞻前顾后”提取线索,如根据前句的运动动作判断下句的承接动作,根据后句的急救结果推断前句的处理方法,根据周围的情感词选择适配的形容词/副词,根据话题场景选择符合逻辑的名词/动词,确保答案与上下文语义连贯。
3. 优先搭配,速解固定题:遇到固定搭配类题目,直接依托单元积累的话题短语快速匹配答案(如“build up strength、deal with a wound、keep a balanced diet、relieve stress”等),减少犹豫,提升解题效率;对于词汇辨析题,结合语境分析词义差异,选择最贴合话题场景、情感基调及逻辑关系的词汇。
4. 复读验证,修正补漏洞:完成所有空格后,再次通读全文,检查词汇搭配是否地道、语境逻辑是否连贯、语法是否正确、语义是否通顺,确保填入词汇后文本情节完整、情感一致,无前后矛盾或语义脱节的情况,修正不确定的答案,提升准确率。
Passage 1(运动与健康类,对应b1 Unit 3 Sports and Fitness、b3 Unit 2 Healthy Lifestyle)
Doing sports regularly is one of the most effective ways to keep healthy. It brings great benefits to both our physical and mental health.
Physically, sports can build up our strength and improve our physical fitness. Taking part in different sports, such as running, swimming and basketball, can exercise different parts of our body. For example, swimming is good for our heart and lungs, while basketball can strengthen our arms and legs. Regular exercise also helps improve our immune system, making us less likely to get sick. What’s more, it helps control our weight and keep our body in good shape.
Mentally, sports play an important role in relieving stress. In daily life, we often face stress from study or work. When we do sports, our body will produce endorphins, which can make us feel happy and relaxed. Besides, joining in group sports can help us make more friends and improve our teamwork ability. Working with teammates to achieve a common goal makes us more confident and positive.
However, it’s important to do sports properly. We should warm up before doing sports to avoid injuries, and we shouldn’t exercise too much, which may be harmful to our body. We should also choose sports that suit us according to our physical condition.
1. What is the main idea of the passage?
A. The ways to choose suitable sports.
B. The benefits of regular exercise and tips for doing sports.
C. The importance of mental health.
D. The ways to relieve stress from study and work.
2. Which sport is good for our heart and lungs according to the passage?
A. Running. B. Swimming. C. Basketball. D. Football.
3. What can we infer from the passage?
A. Doing sports too much is good for our health.
B. Group sports can help improve teamwork ability.
C. Sports can’t help us control our weight.
D. We don’t need to warm up before doing sports.
Passage 2(急救类,对应xb2 Unit 5 First Aid)
First aid is an important skill that everyone should learn. It refers to the first help given to a person who is injured or suddenly ill before professional medical help arrives. Mastering basic first aid knowledge can save lives in emergency situations.
One common emergency situation is bleeding. If someone bleeds heavily, you should first find a clean cloth or gauze. Then, press hard on the wound with the cloth to stop the bleeding. Keep pressing for at least 10 minutes and don’t lift the cloth to check frequently, as this may make the bleeding worse. If the bleeding doesn’t stop after 10 minutes, call for professional medical help immediately.
Another common emergency is burns. When someone gets burned, the first thing to do is to cool the burned area with running water for 15-20 minutes. This can reduce the pain and prevent the burn from getting worse. Don’t use ice to cool the burn, as it may damage the skin. After cooling, cover the burned area with a clean, dry cloth. If the burn is severe (such as second or third-degree burns), call for help at once.
It’s necessary for everyone to learn basic first aid skills. They can help us deal with emergency situations quickly and properly, protecting ourselves and others from greater harm.
1. What is first aid according to the passage?
A. Professional medical help for the injured.
B. The first help given to the injured before professional help arrives.
C. Treatment for serious illnesses in the hospital.
D. Skills to avoid emergency situations.
2. How long should we press the wound to stop heavy bleeding?
A. At least 10 minutes. B. Less than 5 minutes. C. About 15 minutes. D. Over 20 minutes.
3. What should we NOT do when someone gets burned?
A. Cool the burned area with running water.
B. Cover the burned area with a clean cloth.
C. Use ice to cool the burned area.
D. Call for help if the burn is severe.
答案:
Passage 1答案及解析
1. 答案:B
解析:本题考查主旨大意题。文章前两段介绍了规律运动对身体和心理的益处,第四段给出了正确运动的注意事项(热身、适量运动、选择适配运动),整体围绕“规律运动的益处及运动小贴士”展开,B项全面概括主旨;A项“选择合适运动的方法”仅为第四段部分内容,片面化;C项“心理健康的重要性”非核心话题,文中仅提及运动对心理健康的作用;D项“缓解学习工作压力的方法”仅为运动的心理益处之一,排除。
2. 答案:B
解析:本题考查细节理解题。根据第二段第三句“For example, swimming is good for our heart and lungs, while basketball can strengthen our arms and legs.”可知,游泳对心脏和肺部有益,B项符合原文;A项跑步、D项足球文中未提及对心肺的益处,C项篮球侧重锻炼手臂和腿部,排除。
3. 答案:B
解析:本题考查推理判断题。根据第三段第三句“Besides, joining in group sports can help us make more friends and improve our teamwork ability.”可知,团体运动能提升团队合作能力,B项合理;A项与第四段第二句“we shouldn’t exercise too much, which may be harmful to our body”矛盾;C项与第二段最后一句“What’s more, it helps control our weight”矛盾;D项与第四段第二句“We should warm up before doing sports to avoid injuries”矛盾,排除。
Passage 2答案及解析
1. 答案:B
解析:本题考查细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“It refers to the first help given to a person who is injured or suddenly ill before professional medical help arrives.”可知,急救是在专业医疗帮助到来前,给予伤者或突发疾病者的初步帮助,B项符合原文;A项“给伤者的专业医疗帮助”是专业医护人员的工作,并非急救;C项“医院里对重病的治疗”与急救的定义不符;D项“避免紧急情况的技能”文中未提及,排除。
2. 答案:A
解析:本题考查细节理解题。根据第二段第四句“Keep pressing for at least 10 minutes and don’t lift the cloth to check frequently, as this may make the bleeding worse.”可知,止血需按压伤口至少10分钟,A项符合原文;B、C、D项均与原文时间表述不符,排除。
3. 答案:C
解析:本题考查细节理解题。根据第三段第三句“Don’t use ice to cool the burn, as it may damage the skin.”可知,烫伤后不应使用冰块降温,C项符合题干“不应做的事”;A项“用流动水冷却烫伤部位”、B项“用干净布覆盖烫伤部位”、D项“严重烫伤时呼救”均为文中推荐的正确做法,排除。
完形填空真题(主题:运动损伤与急救,对应b1 Unit 3 Sports and Fitness、xb2 Unit 5 First Aid)
Last Friday, our school held a basketball match. I was so excited to take part in it, as basketball is my favorite sport. During the match, I ran fast to catch the ball and suddenly fell down. I felt a sharp pain in my knee and found it was 1_________ . My teammates were worried and came to help me at once.
One of my teammates, Tom, had learned some basic 2 _________knowledge before. He told everyone not to move my knee and quickly 3 _________a clean cloth from his bag. He pressed hard on the wound to stop the bleeding. While pressing, he asked another teammate to 4_________ the school nurse. After about 10 minutes, the bleeding stopped. Tom then cleaned the wound gently with clean water and 5 _________some medicine on it, which he said could prevent the wound from getting infected.
Soon, the nurse arrived. She checked my knee carefully and said it was a minor injury, not a serious one. She praised Tom for his 6_________ first aid skills. She also told me that I should warm up fully before doing sports to 7_________ such injuries. She wrapped my knee with gauze and advised me to rest for a few days.
This experience made me realize the importance of learning first aid. It can help us deal with 8_________ situations quickly and protect ourselves and others. Also, I learned that doing sports properly is very important. Warming up before sports and being careful during the process can 9 _________many sports injuries. I’m grateful to Tom for his help, and I decide to learn more first aid skills. From now on, I will also pay more attention to my safety while 10_________ sports.
1. A. bleeding B. burning C. sleeping D. working
2. A. study B. first aid C. diet D. fitness
3. A. put away B. took out C. looked for D. gave up
4. A. call for B. wait for C. look after D. prepare for
5. A. applied B. ate C. sold D. saved
6. A. useless B. basic C. excellent D. difficult
7. A. cause B. avoid C. treat D. repair
8. A. emergency B. common C. daily D. easy
9. A. increase B. create C. reduce D. stop
10. A. watching B. doing C. discussing D. planning
答案:
1. 答案:A
解析:结合后文“He pressed hard on the wound to stop the bleeding.”可知,作者膝盖受伤后在“流血”,A项“bleeding”(流血的)符合语境;B项“burning”(燃烧的,烫伤的)、C项“sleeping”(睡觉的)、D项“working”(工作的)均与后文止血的动作不匹配,排除。
2. 答案:B
解析:后文详细描述了Tom为作者处理伤口、止血、涂药等动作,这些均是急救行为,可知Tom学过基础“急救”知识,B项“first aid”(急救)符合话题场景;A项“study”(学习)、C项“diet”(饮食)、D项“fitness”(健身)均与处理伤口的场景无关,排除。
3. 答案:B
解析:结合语境,Tom要处理伤口,需从包里“拿出”干净的布,B项“took out”(拿出)符合动作逻辑;A项“put away”(收好)、D项“gave up”(放弃)与语境相悖;C项“looked for”(寻找),后文未体现寻找的过程,直接进行了按压动作,排除。
4. 答案:A
解析:作者受伤流血,Tom处理伤口的同时,应让队友去“呼救”校医,“call for”有“呼吁;请求(帮助)”之意,A项符合急救场景;B项“wait for”(等待)、C项“look after”(照顾)、D项“prepare for”(准备)均不符合紧急情况下的需求,排除。
5. 答案:A
解析:结合语境,伤口止血清洁后应“涂抹”药膏预防感染,“apply medicine to the wound”为话题高频搭配,意为“往伤口涂药”,A项“applied”(涂抹)符合语境;B项“ate”(吃)、C项“sold”(卖)、D项“saved”(保存)均与药膏的使用场景不符,排除。
6. 答案:C
解析:校医检查后称赞Tom的急救技能,结合Tom成功止血、处理伤口的过程,技能应是“出色的”,C项“excellent”(出色的)符合积极评价;A项“useless”(无用的)与实际效果矛盾;B项“basic”(基础的),校医的称赞更侧重技能的效果而非难度;D项“difficult”(困难的)与语境不符,排除。
7. 答案:B
解析:校医告知作者运动前充分热身是为了“避免”此类损伤,B项“avoid”(避免)符合健康运动的常识;A项“cause”(导致)与建议的目的相悖;C项“treat”(治疗)、D项“repair”(修复)均是损伤发生后的动作,而非热身的目的,排除。
8. 答案:A
解析:急救的核心作用是应对“紧急”情况,A项“emergency”(紧急的)符合急救场景的属性;B项“common”(普通的)、C项“daily”(日常的)、D项“easy”(简单的)均未体现急救的紧急性,排除。
9. 答案:C
解析:运动前热身、过程中小心,能“减少”很多运动损伤,C项“reduce”(减少)符合逻辑;A项“increase”(增加)、B项“create”(创造)与健康运动的目的相悖;D项“stop”(停止)过于绝对,无法完全杜绝损伤,排除。
10. 答案:B
解析:结合前文运动受伤的经历,作者会更关注“做”运动时的安全,“do sports”为固定搭配,意为“做运动”,B项符合语境;A项“watching”(观看)、C项“discussing”(讨论)、D项“planning”(计划)均与“安全”关联度低,排除。
话题语法填空
(一)选材特点
本话题语法填空选材紧扣“运动与健康”核心,全面覆盖必修一Unit 3 Sports and Fitness、选择性必修二Unit 5 First Aid、必修三Unit 2 Healthy Lifestyle三大单元主题,文本以短文形式呈现,长度约180-220词,体裁以说明文为主,穿插少量记叙文。内容聚焦运动益处、急救知识普及、健康生活方式指南、运动损伤预防、饮食与睡眠健康等核心场景,如“规律运动对身心的影响”“基础伤口急救流程”“健康生活习惯养成建议”等,贴合日常学习生活与成长需求,实用性强。文本融入话题核心词汇(如fitness、compete、injury、first aid、diet、stress、prevent等)及短语(如build up、take part in、deal with、keep a balanced diet、relieve stress等),语法考点分布均匀,既强化话题词汇积累,又适配高考语法填空考查趋势,兼顾语言基础巩固与语境应用能力提升。
(二)核心考点梳理
1. 词性转换:高频考查话题核心词汇的派生词变形,如动词变名词(fit→fitness、compete→competition、treat→treatment、prevent→prevention、improve→improvement)、名词变形容词(health→healthy、injury→injured、stress→stressful、energy→energetic、balance→balanced)、形容词变副词(regular→regularly、proper→properly、quick→quickly、gentle→gently),需结合语境判断空格处所需词性,掌握常见词缀(如-ness、-tion、-ment、-y、-ful、-ly)的变化规则,确保拼写正确。
2. 时态与语态:侧重考查一般现在时(介绍运动益处、急救常识、健康生活规律等客观事实)、一般过去时(描述过往运动经历、急救事件等)、现在完成时(体现运动/健康习惯的持续影响),语态以主动语态为主,被动语态多出现于急救流程、健康建议的客观陈述(如“伤口被处理”“健康知识被普及”“运动损伤被预防”),需根据文本时间线索、主谓关系判断时态与语态,确保时态一致、语态逻辑通顺。
3. 非谓语动词:重点考查不定式(to do)、现在分词(doing)、过去分词(done)的用法,如不定式表目的(“学习急救知识为了应对紧急情况”“规律运动为了保持健康”)、现在分词作伴随状语(“运动时释放压力”“处理伤口时保持冷静”)、过去分词作定语(“受伤的运动员”“被清洁的伤口”“均衡的饮食”),需结合逻辑关系与语法功能判断形式,明确非谓语动词与逻辑主语的主动/被动关系。
4. 冠词:考查不定冠词(a/an)、定冠词(the)的基本用法,如泛指某类事物(a healthy lifestyle、a first aid kit、a balanced diet)、特指特定对象(the fitness center、the injured person、the stress from study),需遵循冠词使用规则,结合语境区分泛指与特指,注意元音音素开头单词前用an(如an injury、an emergency)。
5. 介词:侧重考查话题相关固定搭配中的介词,如take part in、build up、deal with、in case of、call for、apply...to...、keep a balance between...and...、cut down on、in order to,需熟练掌握话题高频短语,结合搭配习惯填空;无固定搭配时,根据语境判断介词语义(如时间、方式、目的、对象等),确保语义连贯。
6. 连词:考查并列连词(and、but、or、so)、从属连词(that、which、who、when、where、because、if、as),需根据句子逻辑关系选择适配连词,如运动场景中用because引导原因状语从句(“因坚持运动而健康”)、急救场景中用if引导条件状语从句(“若受伤需及时处理”)、健康生活话题中用which引导定语从句(“有益健康的习惯”),理清句子结构,确保逻辑通顺。
(三)解题技巧
1. 通读全文,把握语境:先快速通读文本,明确文章主题(如运动、急救、健康生活)、体裁及整体逻辑,标记时间、人物、事件、核心观点等关键信息,判断文本整体时态基调,为后续语法判断奠定语境基础,避免脱离场景盲目填空。
2. 聚焦考点,精准突破:针对不同考点采用对应策略,词性转换题先分析空格前后词性、句子成分(主语、谓语、定语、状语等),确定所需词性后结合词缀规则变形;时态语态题根据时间词(如every day、last week、since then)、上下文时态及主谓关系判断,被动语态需补充“be+过去分词”结构,确保时态一致;非谓语动词题分析与逻辑主语的主动/被动关系及语法功能(目的、伴随、定语等),确定用to do、doing或done;介词题优先联想话题固定搭配,无搭配时结合语境判断语义;连词题先拆分句子成分,区分简单句与复合句,再根据逻辑关系(并列、转折、因果、条件等)选择连词。
3. 复核验证,检查通顺:完成所有空格后,再次通读全文,检查语法形式是否正确、词汇拼写是否无误、句子逻辑是否连贯、语义是否通顺,重点核对词性转换的准确性、时态语态的一致性、固定搭配的完整性,确保无语法错误与语境矛盾,提升填空准确率。
话题写作
(一)写作话题聚焦
本话题写作紧扣“运动与健康”核心,高频考查三大写作方向,均贴合高考应用文与记叙文写作要求,实用性与适配性强,适配学生日常表达与考场写作需求。
1. 应用文类:侧重运动与健康场景实用文体,包括书信(给朋友的运动建议信、关于健康生活方式的倡议信、向校医咨询运动损伤处理的咨询信)、通知(校园运动比赛通知、急救知识讲座通知、健康生活主题活动通知)、演讲稿(“运动与健康”主题演讲稿、急救知识重要性发言稿),需严格遵循对应文体格式,语言贴合写作对象语气(对朋友亲切自然、对师生客观清晰、对听众真诚恳切),内容紧扣场景需求,确保实用易懂。
2. 记叙文类:聚焦运动与健康相关成长经历,如“一次难忘的运动比赛经历”“运动损伤后的急救暖心故事”“健康生活习惯转变的历程”“学习急救技能的收获”等,需围绕事件起因、经过、结果展开,融入细节描写(动作、心理、环境)与情感表达,突出运动带来的成长、急救传递的温暖或健康习惯养成的感悟,情感真挚,情节完整。
3. 议论文/观点类:围绕运动与健康相关话题展开论述,如“运动对身心的重要意义”“急救知识应成为每个人的必备技能”“健康生活方式的核心要素”“青少年如何平衡运动与学习”等,需明确核心观点,采用“观点+论据+分析”的结构,论据可结合自身经历、生活案例、客观事实,逻辑连贯,论证充分,体现对运动与健康话题的深度思考。
(二)核心写作技巧
1. 应用文:①格式规范,严格遵循对应文体格式,书信包含称呼、正文、祝福语、署名、日期;通知包含标题、称呼、正文(时间、地点、内容、要求)、落款;演讲稿包含开场白(问候、点题)、正文、结束语(致谢),格式无遗漏;②语言得体,根据写作对象调整语气,如建议信亲切自然、通知简洁明了、演讲稿恳切有感染力,避免语气生硬或不符合场景;③内容完整,紧扣写作目的,如建议信给出具体可行的运动/健康建议,通知明确活动核心信息,咨询信清晰表达问题,确保信息无缺失,贴合实用需求。
2. 记叙文:①结构清晰,采用“总-分-总”或“起因-经过-结果”结构,开头引入事件背景(时间、地点、人物、目的),中间详细描述核心过程,突出关键情节(如运动比赛的突破、急救的关键步骤、习惯转变的契机),融入动作、心理、环境描写,让经历更真实;结尾升华主题,体现运动成长、健康感悟或温暖传递,呼应“难忘”“收获”等核心情感;②话题词汇融入,自然使用运动、急救、健康相关词汇及短语,增强话题适配性,避免词汇单一;③情感真挚,结合自身体验表达真实情绪(如运动的喜悦、受伤的焦急、养成习惯的欣慰),引发共鸣。
3. 议论文/观点类:①观点明确,开头直接抛出核心观点,避免模糊不清;②论据充分,每个观点搭配具体论据(自身经历、生活案例、客观事实等),如论述运动益处可结合“规律跑步提升免疫力”“篮球运动培养团队精神”等案例,增强说服力;③逻辑连贯,使用firstly、secondly、however、therefore、in my opinion等逻辑连接词,理清段落关系,让论证层层递进;④语言严谨,用词准确,避免口语化表达,体现议论文的正式性,同时融入话题核心词汇,提升语言专业性。
(三)高分写作模板(适配高频话题)
1. 健康生活方式倡议信模板
Dear classmates,
I’m writing to call on everyone to develop a healthy lifestyle, which is vital to our physical and mental health.
To keep healthy, we should start with three aspects. Firstly, we should take regular exercise, such as running, swimming or playing ball games. Regular exercise can build up our strength and relieve stress from study. Secondly, keep a balanced diet—eat more vegetables and fruits, cut down on junk food and sugary drinks, and avoid overeating. Thirdly, ensure enough sleep and avoid staying up late, as lack of sleep will affect our energy and study efficiency. In addition, we should learn to adjust our mood and stay positive when facing pressure.
A healthy lifestyle is the foundation of a happy life. Let’s take action from now on, develop good habits and keep healthy together.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
2. 难忘的运动比赛记叙文模板
Among all my sports experiences, the school basketball match last month is the most unforgettable one, which taught me the importance of perseverance and teamwork.
Before the match, our team trained hard every day. We practiced passing, shooting and defending repeatedly, and helped each other improve our skills. On the match day, I was nervous but excited. In the first half, we fell behind because of a few mistakes. I felt discouraged, but my teammates encouraged me to cheer up. In the second half, we changed our strategy, cooperated closely and tried our best. I ran fast to catch the ball, passed it to my teammate in time, and finally scored a key goal in the last minute. We won the match in the end.
This match not only made me realize the power of teamwork but also let me know that perseverance can help us overcome difficulties. It will always be a precious memory that encourages me to keep going in sports and life.
3. 运动对身心的重要意义议论文模板
Nowadays, more and more people pay attention to sports, and it’s not hard to see that sports play an important role in our physical and mental health.
Physically, sports are an effective way to keep healthy. Regular exercise can build up our physical strength, improve our immune system and help us control weight, making us less likely to get sick. For example, running every morning can strengthen our heart and lungs, while playing ball games can exercise our body coordination. Mentally, sports help relieve stress. In daily life, we often face pressure from study or life. When we do sports, our body produces endorphins, which can make us feel happy and relaxed. Besides, group sports can help us make more friends and improve our teamwork ability, making us more confident and positive.
In short, sports are beneficial to both our body and mind. We should develop the habit of doing sports regularly, choose suitable sports according to our physical condition, and enjoy the benefits that sports bring to us.
语法填空真题(主题:健康生活方式,对应b3 Unit 2 Healthy Lifestyle)
A healthy lifestyle is essential for everyone, as it can help us keep fit and stay away from illnesses. It mainly includes three aspects: regular exercise, a balanced diet and enough sleep.
Firstly, taking exercise 1 _________(regular) is very important. We can choose different kinds of sports, such as running, swimming and cycling. Exercise can build up our physical 2 _________(strong) and improve our immune system. It also helps relieve 3_________ (stressful) and keep us in a good mood. We should exercise at least 30 minutes a day, five days a week.
Secondly, we should keep a balanced diet. We should eat more vegetables and fruits, which are rich in vitamins and fiber. We should also eat some whole grains, meat and eggs to get enough protein. At the same time, we need to cut down 4 _________junk food and sugary drinks, as they are harmful to our health. It’s important to eat meals on time and avoid 5_________ (skip) breakfast.
Thirdly, enough sleep is necessary for our body and mind. Adults need about 7-9 hours of sleep every night, while teenagers need more, about 8-10 hours. Lack of sleep will affect our energy and study efficiency, and it may even lead to health problems. We should avoid 6_________ (stay) up late and go to bed early.
In addition, we should also learn to manage stress. We can listen to music, talk to friends or do sports 7 _________(relax) ourselves. A positive attitude towards life is also 8_________ (help) for a healthy lifestyle.
In short, a healthy lifestyle is not difficult to develop. If we stick to these habits, we will 9 _________(gradual) improve our health and enjoy a better life. Let’s take action now and start 10_________ (live) a healthy life.
答案:
1. 答案:regularly
解析:考查词性转换。空格处修饰动词taking,需用副词,regular的副词形式为regularly,意为“规律地”,符合“规律运动很重要”的语境。
2. 答案:strength
解析:考查词性转换。空格前为形容词physical,后接名词,strong的名词形式为strength,意为“力量”,physical strength为固定搭配,意为“体力”,符合语境。
3. 答案:stress
解析:考查词性转换。空格处作relieve的宾语,需用名词,stressful的名词形式为stress,意为“压力”,relieve stress为固定搭配,意为“缓解压力”,符合语境。
4. 答案:on
解析:考查介词。cut down on为固定短语,意为“减少;削减”,后接名词,此处表示“减少垃圾食品和含糖饮料的摄入”,故填on。
5. 答案:skipping
解析:考查非谓语动词。avoid后接动名词作宾语,avoid doing sth.为固定搭配,意为“避免做某事”,skip的动名词形式为skipping,故填skipping。
6. 答案:staying
解析:考查非谓语动词。avoid后接动名词作宾语,stay的动名词形式为staying,avoid staying up late意为“避免熬夜”,符合语境。
7. 答案:to relax
解析:考查非谓语动词。此处用不定式to relax作目的状语,表“听音乐、和朋友聊天或运动是为了放松自己”,符合逻辑,故填to relax。
8. 答案:helpful
解析:考查词性转换。空格处作表语,需用形容词,help的形容词形式为helpful,意为“有帮助的”,be helpful for为固定搭配,意为“对……有帮助”,符合语境。
9. 答案:gradually
解析:考查词性转换。空格处修饰动词improve,需用副词,gradual的副词形式为gradually,意为“逐渐地”,符合“逐渐改善健康”的语境。
10. 答案:living
解析:考查非谓语动词。start后接动名词作宾语,start doing sth.为固定搭配,意为“开始做某事”,live的动名词形式为living,故填living。
写作真题(应用文:倡议信,对应b3 Unit 2 Healthy Lifestyle、b1 Unit 3 Sports and Fitness)
假设你是李华,作为校学生会成员,你想向全校同学发起“健康生活,快乐成长”的倡议,呼吁大家养成健康的生活习惯。请你写一封倡议信,内容包括:1. 倡议目的;2. 具体建议(规律运动、均衡饮食、充足睡眠);3. 发出呼吁。词数100左右。
答案:
Dear fellow students,
As we grow up, health is the foundation of a happy life and effective study. To help everyone keep healthy and grow happily, we are launching an initiative of “Healthy Life, Happy Growth”.
Here are some practical suggestions. Firstly, take regular exercise, such as playing basketball or running, to build up our strength and relieve study stress. Secondly, keep a balanced diet—eat more vegetables and fruits, and cut down on junk food. Thirdly, ensure enough sleep, avoid staying up late and go to bed early to keep energetic.
Healthy habits benefit us for a lifetime. Let’s take action now, develop healthy lifestyles and grow happily with a strong body and a positive mind!
The Student Union
June 15th
解析:
1. 格式规范:符合倡议信格式,包含称呼、正文、呼吁语、署名及日期,结构完整,无格式遗漏,适配校园倡议场景。
2. 内容完整:涵盖题目要求的三个核心要点,倡议目的明确(帮助大家保持健康、快乐成长),具体建议贴合运动与健康主题(规律运动、均衡饮食、充足睡眠),建议具体可行,呼吁语积极有力,信息无缺失。
3. 语言表达:融入话题核心词汇与短语(regular exercise、balanced diet、enough sleep、build up strength、relieve stress、cut down on、stay up late、energetic、healthy lifestyles),语言简洁得体,语气恳切,符合对全校同学倡议的场景,逻辑连贯,词数控制合理,符合高考应用文高分标准。
写作真题(记叙文:难忘的运动经历,对应b1 Unit 3 Sports and Fitness)
请以“My Unforgettable Sports Experience”为题,写一篇记叙文,讲述一次难忘的运动经历,要求体现运动带来的成长或感悟,词数120左右。
答案:
My Unforgettable Sports Experience
My Unforgettable Sports Experience is the 800-meter race in the school sports meeting last year, which taught me the spirit of perseverance.
Before the race, I was nervous because I was not good at long-distance running. My classmates encouraged me and helped me practice after school. On the race day, I started fast, but halfway through, I felt tired and wanted to give up. At that moment, I heard my classmates cheering for me loudly. Their encouragement gave me strength. I bit my lip, kept running and tried my best. Finally, I crossed the finish line. Although I didn’t win the first prize, I finished the race successfully.
This experience made me realize that perseverance is the key to success. No matter how difficult it is, as long as we don’t give up, we will achieve our goals. It also let me know the power of teamwork and encouragement. I will keep this spirit in my study and life.
解析:
1. 结构清晰:采用“总-分-总”结构,开头点明核心经历(校运会800米赛跑)与主题(感悟坚持的精神),中间详细描述赛前准备、赛中困难与坚持的过程,融入心理描写(紧张、想放弃、重拾力量)与动作描写(咬唇、坚持跑),情节完整;结尾升华主题,体现运动带来的成长感悟,呼应“难忘”核心。
2. 细节丰富:通过“同学鼓励练习”“赛中加油”等细节,让经历更真实生动,情感真挚,易引发共鸣,同时突出运动中坚持与团队支持的重要性。
3. 话题适配:融入话题核心词汇与短语(sports meeting、long-distance running、encourage、practice、finish line、perseverance、teamwork),贴合运动主题,语言流畅自然,词数控制合理,符合高考记叙文高分标准,体现运动带来的成长价值。
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高中英语人教版一轮复习大单元话题整合
专题03 运动与健康
一、必修一 Unit 3 Sports and Fitness
(一)核心词汇
1. sport(n.):运动;体育运动,泛指各类体育项目,可搭配play sports(做运动)、winter sports(冬季运动),延伸为sportsmanship(n.体育精神),适配运动场景基础表达。
2. fitness(n.):健康;健身,侧重身体机能的良好状态与健身活动,搭配physical fitness(身体健康)、fitness center(健身中心),派生词为fit(adj.健康的;合适的,v.适应;健身),如keep fit(保持健康)。
3. compete(v.):竞争;比赛,侧重参与体育竞技,搭配compete in(参加……比赛)、compete with/against(与……竞争),派生词为competition(n.比赛;竞争)、competitor(n.参赛者)、competitive(adj.有竞争力的)。
4. strength(n.):力量;力气;优势,运动中可指身体力量或竞技优势,搭配build up strength(增强力量)、strength and weakness(优势与劣势),对应形容词strong(强壮的)。
5. energy(n.):精力;能量,侧重运动所需的体力与活力,搭配save energy(节省精力)、full of energy(精力充沛),派生词为energetic(adj.精力充沛的)。
6. injury(n.):损伤;伤害,特指运动中出现的身体受伤,搭配sports injury(运动损伤)、get an injury(受伤),对应动词injure(v.伤害;损伤)、injured(adj.受伤的)。
7. challenge(n./v.):挑战;向……挑战,运动中可指竞技挑战或突破自我,搭配take on a challenge(接受挑战)、challenge oneself(挑战自我)。
8. balance(n./v.):平衡;使平衡,运动场景中侧重身体平衡或运动与休息的平衡,搭配keep balance(保持平衡)、balance between sports and study(运动与学习的平衡)。
(二)重点短语
1. build up:增强;积累,侧重提升身体素质,如build up physical strength(增强体力)、build up fitness(提升健康水平)。
2. take part in:参加;参与,同义短语为join in、participate in,用于表达参与体育比赛或运动活动,如take part in the school sports meeting(参加校运动会)。
3. in spite of:尽管;不管,用于描述克服困难参与运动,如in spite of the rain, we still took part in the running race(尽管下雨,我们还是参加了跑步比赛)。
4. come along:出现;一起来;进展,运动场景中可指加入运动、运动技能进展,如come along to play basketball with us(一起来和我们打篮球)、my tennis skills are coming along well(我的网球技能进展得不错)。
5. fall apart:破裂;崩溃,此处侧重身体因缺乏运动或受伤而状态变差,如without regular exercise, the body will fall apart easily(缺乏规律运动,身体容易垮掉)。
6. set an example:树立榜样,用于描述优秀运动员的示范作用,如the athlete set an example for us with his hard work(这位运动员用努力为我们树立了榜样)。
(三)核心句型及仿写
1. 句型1:not only...but also...(不仅……而且……,连接并列成分,主谓一致就近原则)
原句:Doing sports not only keeps us fit but also helps us relieve stress.
仿写:参加校运动会不仅能锻炼我们的身体,还能培养我们的团队精神。(Taking part in the school sports meeting not only exercises our bodies but also develops our team spirit.)
2. 句型2:It’s + adj. + for sb. to do sth.(对某人来说做某事是……的)
原句:It’s important for teenagers to keep a balance between sports and study.
仿写:对运动员来说,坚持日常训练并保持良好心态是很必要的。(It’s necessary for athletes to stick to daily training and keep a good attitude.)
3. 句型3:Although/Though + 从句,主句(尽管……,但是……)
原句:Although he got injured in the training, he still insisted on taking part in the competition.
仿写:尽管跑步很累,但它能帮助我们释放压力、保持精力充沛。(Although running is tiring, it can help us relieve stress and stay energetic.)
4. 句型4:The reason why...is that...(……的原因是……)
原句:The reason why I like playing basketball is that it can strengthen my body and improve my teamwork ability.
仿写:很多人喜欢健身的原因是健身能增强力量、提升身体素质。(The reason why many people like fitness is that it can build up strength and improve physical fitness.)
二、选择性必修二 Unit 5 First Aid
(一)核心词汇
1. first aid(n.):急救,不可数名词,搭配give first aid(实施急救)、first aid knowledge(急救知识)、first aid kit(急救箱),是话题核心基础词汇。
2. injury(n.):损伤;伤害,复用运动话题词汇,本单元侧重意外受伤(如擦伤、烫伤、骨折等),搭配minor injury(轻伤)、severe injury(重伤)、treat an injury(处理伤口/损伤)。
3. treat(v.):治疗;处理;对待,急救场景中侧重处理伤口、治疗损伤,搭配treat a cut(处理擦伤)、treat sb. for an injury(为某人治疗损伤),派生词为treatment(n.治疗;处理)。
4. bleed(v.):流血;出血,对应名词blood(n.血液),搭配bleed heavily(大量出血)、stop bleeding(止血),派生词为bleeding(n.出血;adj.流血的)。
5. burn(v./n.):燃烧;烫伤;烧伤,急救高频词,搭配get burned(被烫伤/烧伤)、treat a burn(处理烫伤/烧伤)、first-degree burn(一度烧伤)。
6. press(v./n.):按压;压力,急救场景中侧重按压止血,搭配press hard on the wound(用力按压伤口)、press the button(按按钮),名词搭配pressure(n.压力)。
7. apply(v.):应用;涂抹;申请,复用前话题词汇,本单元侧重“涂抹”药膏、“应用”急救知识,搭配apply medicine to the wound(往伤口上涂药)、apply first aid skills(应用急救技能)。
8. prevent(v.):预防;阻止,搭配prevent accidents(预防事故)、prevent sb. from doing sth.(阻止某人做某事)、prevent the wound from getting infected(防止伤口感染),派生词为prevention(n.预防;阻止)。
(二)重点短语
1. fall down:摔倒;跌倒,常引发受伤,是急救场景的常见诱因,如he fell down and got a cut on his knee(他摔倒了,膝盖擦伤了)。
2. in case of:万一;如果,用于提醒急救应对场景,如in case of bleeding, press hard on the wound immediately(万一出血,立即用力按压伤口)。
3. deal with:处理;应对,侧重处理急救相关问题,如deal with a burn properly(正确处理烫伤)、deal with emergency situations(应对紧急情况)。
4. put one’s hands on:找到;拿到,用于急救中获取物品,如quickly put your hands on the first aid kit(快速找到急救箱)。
5. take off:脱掉;取下,急救中可指脱掉受伤部位的衣物,如take off the clothes around the burned area(脱掉烧伤部位周围的衣服)。
6. call for help:呼救,紧急情况下寻求援助,如if the injury is severe, call for help at once(如果伤势严重,立即呼救)。
(三)核心句型及仿写
1. 句型1:If + 从句(一般现在时),主句(will/can/should + 动词原形)(条件状语从句)
原句:If you get a minor cut, you should clean the wound first and then apply some medicine.
仿写:如果有人严重出血,你应该立即按压止血并呼救。(If someone bleeds heavily, you should press to stop bleeding and call for help at once.)
2. 句型2:It’s important/necessary to do sth.(做某事是重要的/必要的)
原句:It’s necessary for everyone to learn some basic first aid knowledge.
仿写:掌握正确的烫伤处理方法对我们来说很重要。(It’s important for us to master the correct way to treat burns.)
3. 句型3:Before/After + 动名词/从句,主句(时间状语从句)
原句:Before applying medicine to the wound, you must clean it with clean water.
仿写:处理伤口之后,你应该用干净的纱布覆盖它。(After dealing with the wound, you should cover it with clean gauze.)
4. 句型4:The way to do sth. is to do sth.(做某事的方法是做某事)
原句:The way to stop bleeding is to press hard on the wound with a clean cloth.
仿写:预防运动受伤的方法是提前热身并做好防护。(The way to prevent sports injuries is to warm up in advance and take protective measures.)
三、必修三 Unit 2 Healthy Lifestyle
(一)核心词汇
1. healthy(adj.):健康的,反义形容词为unhealthy(不健康的),搭配healthy lifestyle(健康的生活方式)、healthy diet(健康饮食)、healthy habits(健康习惯),派生词为health(n.健康)、healthily(adv.健康地)。
2. lifestyle(n.):生活方式,话题核心名词,搭配healthy lifestyle(健康生活方式)、unhealthy lifestyle(不健康生活方式)、change one’s lifestyle(改变生活方式)。
3. diet(n./v.):饮食;节食,侧重日常饮食结构,搭配balanced diet(均衡饮食)、healthy diet(健康饮食)、go on a diet(节食),动词搭配diet on sth.(以某物为食)。
4. stress(n./v.):压力;施压,侧重生活、学习中的压力,搭配stress from study(学习压力)、relieve stress(缓解压力)、be under stress(承受压力),动词搭配stress sb. out(使某人压力大)。
5. sleep(n./v.):睡眠;睡觉,健康生活核心要素,搭配enough sleep(充足睡眠)、sleep well(睡得好)、lack of sleep(睡眠不足),派生词为sleepy(adj.困倦的)、asleep(adj.睡着的)。
6. balance(n./v.):平衡;使平衡,复用运动话题词汇,本单元侧重饮食平衡、生活与休息的平衡,搭配balanced diet(均衡饮食)、balance between work and rest(劳逸结合)、balance life and study(平衡生活与学习)。
7. avoid(v.):避免;避开,侧重规避不健康的行为,搭配avoid junk food(避免垃圾食品)、avoid staying up late(避免熬夜)、avoid doing sth.(避免做某事)。
8. improve(v.):改善;提高,侧重提升健康状态,搭配improve health(改善健康)、improve living habits(改善生活习惯)、improve sleep quality(提升睡眠质量),派生词为improvement(n.改善;提升)。
(二)重点短语
1. keep a balanced diet:保持均衡饮食,健康饮食核心表达,是健康生活方式的重要组成部分。
2. stay up late:熬夜,不健康生活习惯,反义表达为go to bed early(早睡),如staying up late will affect your health(熬夜会影响你的健康)。
3. take regular exercise:进行规律运动,复用运动话题相关表达,健康生活的核心要素之一,如taking regular exercise helps improve physical fitness(规律运动有助于提升身体素质)。
4. relieve stress:缓解压力,适配应对生活、学习压力的场景,如listening to music can help relieve stress(听音乐有助于缓解压力)。
5. in order to:为了;以便,用于表达健康生活的目的,如in order to keep healthy, we should exercise regularly(为了保持健康,我们应该规律运动)。
6. cut down on:减少;削减,侧重减少不健康事物的摄入或行为,如cut down on junk food and sugary drinks(减少垃圾食品和含糖饮料的摄入)。
(三)核心句型及仿写
1. 句型1:As we all know,...(众所周知……)
原句:As we all know, a healthy lifestyle plays an important role in our daily life.
仿写:众所周知,均衡饮食和规律运动是保持健康的关键。(As we all know, a balanced diet and regular exercise are the keys to keeping healthy.)
2. 句型2:Not only...but also...(不仅……而且……,部分倒装)
原句:Not only does regular exercise keep us fit, but also it helps us stay in a good mood.
仿写:充足的睡眠不仅能让我们精力充沛,还能提高学习效率。(Not only can enough sleep make us energetic, but also it can improve our study efficiency.)
3. 句型3:With + 宾语 + 宾语补足语(with复合结构)
原句:With the improvement of people’s living standards, more and more people pay attention to healthy lifestyles.
仿写:随着生活压力的增大,越来越多的人开始学习缓解压力的方法。(With the increase of life stress, more and more people begin to learn ways to relieve stress.)
4. 句型4:It’s high time that...(到了……的时候了,从句用过去时或should+动词原形)
原句:It’s high time that we changed our unhealthy habits and developed a healthy lifestyle.
仿写:到了我们减少熬夜、保证充足睡眠的时候了。(It’s high time that we cut down on staying up late and ensured enough sleep.)
话题阅读
(一)选材特点
本话题阅读选材紧扣“运动与健康”核心,全面覆盖必修一Unit 3 Sports and Fitness、选择性必修二Unit 5 First Aid、必修三Unit 2 Healthy Lifestyle三大单元主题,内容场景聚焦运动、急救、健康生活三大核心板块,呈现鲜明的实用性与贴近性。一是场景维度多元,涵盖体育竞技与健身习惯、运动损伤急救处理、日常健康生活方式(饮食、睡眠、压力调节)、急救知识普及、健康习惯养成等场景,既包含运动技巧、急救流程、健康建议等实用信息,也融入运动精神、健康意识培养等深层内容,贴合学生日常学习生活与成长需求。二是体裁适配高考,以说明文和记叙文为主,穿插少量议论文;说明文侧重运动益处、急救方法、健康生活指南等知识讲解,记叙文聚焦运动成长故事、急救暖心经历、健康习惯转变历程,议论文围绕运动与健康的关联、急救知识的重要性等展开评论,符合高考阅读常见体裁考查方向。三是语言难度贴合一轮复习需求,融入话题核心词汇(如fitness、compete、injury、first aid、diet、stress等)与短语(如build up、take part in、deal with、keep a balanced diet、relieve stress等),语境真实鲜活,既能强化话题词汇积累,又能提升语篇理解与解题能力。
(二)核心考点梳理
1. 主旨大意题:高频考查文本核心话题,如运动对身心健康的益处、某类急救知识的核心要点、健康生活方式的核心要素、急救技能普及的重要性等,需快速抓取首尾段及段落主题句,概括文本整体内容,避免被细节信息干扰,确保答案覆盖文本核心场景与核心观点。
2. 细节理解题:重点考查场景内具体信息,如运动项目的优势、急救流程的步骤(如伤口处理、止血方法)、健康饮食的具体建议、运动损伤的预防措施、睡眠不足的危害等,选项常存在信息错位、偷换概念、遗漏关键步骤等干扰,需精准定位原文对应内容,逐一比对选项与原文细节判断。
3. 推理判断题:侧重基于文本信息推断隐含意义,如根据运动故事细节推断人物的体育精神,结合急救案例推断急救方法的核心作用,依据健康建议推断其对身体的潜在影响,根据文本观点推断作者对某类生活方式的态度,推断需立足原文,不脱离语境主观臆断。
4. 词义猜测题:涉及运动、急救、健康相关专属词汇,如“fitness、injury、bleed、burn、diet、stress、prevent”等,可通过上下文语境、同义替换、举例说明、话题词汇积累或词根词缀知识猜测词义,代入原文验证逻辑通顺性。
5. 观点态度题:聚焦作者对运动价值、急救知识学习、健康生活方式、不良习惯危害等话题的态度,需关注文本中带感情色彩的词汇(如褒义词“beneficial、vital、effective”,中性词“introduce、explain、describe”,贬义词“harmful、unhealthy、dangerous”)及转折、递进等逻辑连接词,提炼作者核心立场(支持、强调、建议、客观陈述等)。
(三)解题技巧
1. 读前预判,聚焦话题:浏览标题、副标题及首尾段,快速明确文章所属场景(运动、急救、健康生活)与体裁,结合话题核心词汇预设文本可能涉及的内容(如运动益处、急救步骤、健康建议等),减少阅读阻力,提升阅读针对性。
2. 定位关键,精准解细节:解答细节题时,提取题干中的关键信息(如运动项目、急救类型、健康要素、时间、动作等),快速定位原文对应段落与句子,对比选项与原文细节,重点关注步骤顺序、数量、逻辑关系的一致性,排除与原文矛盾或无依据的干扰项。
3. 理清逻辑,深层悟内涵:针对说明文,抓取说明对象的特征、方法、作用,借助“first、second、besides”等逻辑词理清说明顺序;针对记叙文,梳理事件的起因、经过、结果及人物的情感变化,关注细节描写背后的感悟;针对议论文,明确论点、论据及论证逻辑,区分作者观点与客观事实。
4. 结合话题,辅助判答案:遇到运动损伤处理、健康习惯养成、急救流程等相关题目时,可结合单元所学话题知识(如运动的益处、急救的基本准则、健康生活的核心要素等)辅助判断,增强答案的准确性,同时规避与话题常识相悖的选项。
话题完形填空
(一)选材特点
完形填空选材以“运动与健康”相关的叙事类文本为主,主题涵盖运动成长经历、运动损伤急救故事、健康生活习惯转变、急救场景暖心经历等,文本长度约280-300词,情节完整、逻辑清晰,兼具情感性与实用性。选材紧密关联单元核心词汇与短语,如运动类的“fitness、compete、build up、take part in、injury”,急救类的“first aid、bleed、treat、deal with、call for help”,健康生活类的“diet、stress、keep a balanced diet、relieve stress、stay up late”等,既考查词汇、语法的综合运用能力,又强化话题语境的适配性,贴合高考一轮复习难度与考查重点。文本多以第一人称视角讲述经历,情感真挚,易引发共鸣,同时融入克服困难、培养习惯、传递温暖等深层内容,兼顾语言考查与价值引导。
(二)核心考点梳理
1. 词汇辨析:侧重考查话题核心实词(名词、动词、形容词、副词)的近义词、形近词辨析,如“fit与healthy、compete与compete、injury与hurt、treat与cure、relieve与reduce、balance与keep”等,同时考查话题相关固定搭配(如“build up strength、take part in the competition、deal with a wound、keep a balanced diet、relieve stress”等),需结合语境与搭配习惯选择词汇。
2. 语境逻辑:通过上下文语境判断词汇选择,涵盖情感逻辑(积极/消极基调匹配,如运动成功的喜悦、受伤的焦急、养成健康习惯的欣慰等情绪对应的词汇)、因果逻辑(如因坚持运动而身体健康,因受伤而学习急救知识,因熬夜而精神不佳)、转折逻辑(如运动中受伤但坚持完成比赛,起初排斥健康饮食但后来主动改变)、时间顺序逻辑(如急救的先后步骤、运动的流程、健康习惯养成的过程),需紧扣上下文线索判断语义适配性。
3. 语法应用:考查基础语法知识在话题语境中的运用,如时态(一般过去时为主,体现过往的运动经历、急救事件,一般现在时用于介绍健康习惯、急救常识)、语态(主动语态为主,被动语态多出现于急救处理、健康建议的客观陈述)、非谓语动词(不定式表目的、现在分词作伴随状语、过去分词作定语)、连词(并列连词表并列/转折/因果,从属连词引导状语从句、定语从句)、代词指代(指代前文提到的运动器材、急救物品、健康习惯等),需结合语境与语法规则选择正确答案。
4. 话题常识:融入基础运动、急救、健康生活常识,如运动前热身的重要性、伤口处理的基本步骤、均衡饮食的构成、睡眠充足的益处等,结合生活经验与单元所学知识辅助判断,降低解题难度,规避不符合话题常识的选项。
(三)解题技巧
1. 通读全文,把握主旨与基调:先快速通读全文,不纠结单个空格,重点关注首尾句及情节转折处,明确文章讲述的核心经历(如运动比赛、急救事件、习惯转变)及整体情感基调(如励志、温暖、欣慰等),标记关键信息(如时间节点、核心动作、情感词),为后续空格选择奠定整体语境基础。
2. 瞻前顾后,抓语境线索:每个空格的答案均隐藏在上下文中,需“瞻前顾后”提取线索,如根据前句的运动动作判断下句的承接动作,根据后句的急救结果推断前句的处理方法,根据周围的情感词选择适配的形容词/副词,根据话题场景选择符合逻辑的名词/动词,确保答案与上下文语义连贯。
3. 优先搭配,速解固定题:遇到固定搭配类题目,直接依托单元积累的话题短语快速匹配答案(如“build up strength、deal with a wound、keep a balanced diet、relieve stress”等),减少犹豫,提升解题效率;对于词汇辨析题,结合语境分析词义差异,选择最贴合话题场景、情感基调及逻辑关系的词汇。
4. 复读验证,修正补漏洞:完成所有空格后,再次通读全文,检查词汇搭配是否地道、语境逻辑是否连贯、语法是否正确、语义是否通顺,确保填入词汇后文本情节完整、情感一致,无前后矛盾或语义脱节的情况,修正不确定的答案,提升准确率。
Passage 1(运动与健康类,对应b1 Unit 3 Sports and Fitness、b3 Unit 2 Healthy Lifestyle)
Doing sports regularly is one of the most effective ways to keep healthy. It brings great benefits to both our physical and mental health.
Physically, sports can build up our strength and improve our physical fitness. Taking part in different sports, such as running, swimming and basketball, can exercise different parts of our body. For example, swimming is good for our heart and lungs, while basketball can strengthen our arms and legs. Regular exercise also helps improve our immune system, making us less likely to get sick. What’s more, it helps control our weight and keep our body in good shape.
Mentally, sports play an important role in relieving stress. In daily life, we often face stress from study or work. When we do sports, our body will produce endorphins, which can make us feel happy and relaxed. Besides, joining in group sports can help us make more friends and improve our teamwork ability. Working with teammates to achieve a common goal makes us more confident and positive.
However, it’s important to do sports properly. We should warm up before doing sports to avoid injuries, and we shouldn’t exercise too much, which may be harmful to our body. We should also choose sports that suit us according to our physical condition.
1. What is the main idea of the passage?
A. The ways to choose suitable sports.
B. The benefits of regular exercise and tips for doing sports.
C. The importance of mental health.
D. The ways to relieve stress from study and work.
2. Which sport is good for our heart and lungs according to the passage?
A. Running. B. Swimming. C. Basketball. D. Football.
3. What can we infer from the passage?
A. Doing sports too much is good for our health.
B. Group sports can help improve teamwork ability.
C. Sports can’t help us control our weight.
D. We don’t need to warm up before doing sports.
Passage 2(急救类,对应xb2 Unit 5 First Aid)
First aid is an important skill that everyone should learn. It refers to the first help given to a person who is injured or suddenly ill before professional medical help arrives. Mastering basic first aid knowledge can save lives in emergency situations.
One common emergency situation is bleeding. If someone bleeds heavily, you should first find a clean cloth or gauze. Then, press hard on the wound with the cloth to stop the bleeding. Keep pressing for at least 10 minutes and don’t lift the cloth to check frequently, as this may make the bleeding worse. If the bleeding doesn’t stop after 10 minutes, call for professional medical help immediately.
Another common emergency is burns. When someone gets burned, the first thing to do is to cool the burned area with running water for 15-20 minutes. This can reduce the pain and prevent the burn from getting worse. Don’t use ice to cool the burn, as it may damage the skin. After cooling, cover the burned area with a clean, dry cloth. If the burn is severe (such as second or third-degree burns), call for help at once.
It’s necessary for everyone to learn basic first aid skills. They can help us deal with emergency situations quickly and properly, protecting ourselves and others from greater harm.
1. What is first aid according to the passage?
A. Professional medical help for the injured.
B. The first help given to the injured before professional help arrives.
C. Treatment for serious illnesses in the hospital.
D. Skills to avoid emergency situations.
2. How long should we press the wound to stop heavy bleeding?
A. At least 10 minutes. B. Less than 5 minutes. C. About 15 minutes. D. Over 20 minutes.
3. What should we NOT do when someone gets burned?
A. Cool the burned area with running water.
B. Cover the burned area with a clean cloth.
C. Use ice to cool the burned area.
D. Call for help if the burn is severe.
完形填空真题(主题:运动损伤与急救,对应b1 Unit 3 Sports and Fitness、xb2 Unit 5 First Aid)
Last Friday, our school held a basketball match. I was so excited to take part in it, as basketball is my favorite sport. During the match, I ran fast to catch the ball and suddenly fell down. I felt a sharp pain in my knee and found it was 1_________ . My teammates were worried and came to help me at once.
One of my teammates, Tom, had learned some basic 2 _________knowledge before. He told everyone not to move my knee and quickly 3 _________a clean cloth from his bag. He pressed hard on the wound to stop the bleeding. While pressing, he asked another teammate to 4_________ the school nurse. After about 10 minutes, the bleeding stopped. Tom then cleaned the wound gently with clean water and 5 _________some medicine on it, which he said could prevent the wound from getting infected.
Soon, the nurse arrived. She checked my knee carefully and said it was a minor injury, not a serious one. She praised Tom for his 6_________ first aid skills. She also told me that I should warm up fully before doing sports to 7_________ such injuries. She wrapped my knee with gauze and advised me to rest for a few days.
This experience made me realize the importance of learning first aid. It can help us deal with 8_________ situations quickly and protect ourselves and others. Also, I learned that doing sports properly is very important. Warming up before sports and being careful during the process can 9 _________many sports injuries. I’m grateful to Tom for his help, and I decide to learn more first aid skills. From now on, I will also pay more attention to my safety while 10_________ sports.
1. A. bleeding B. burning C. sleeping D. working
2. A. study B. first aid C. diet D. fitness
3. A. put away B. took out C. looked for D. gave up
4. A. call for B. wait for C. look after D. prepare for
5. A. applied B. ate C. sold D. saved
6. A. useless B. basic C. excellent D. difficult
7. A. cause B. avoid C. treat D. repair
8. A. emergency B. common C. daily D. easy
9. A. increase B. create C. reduce D. stop
10. A. watching B. doing C. discussing D. planning
话题语法填空
(一)选材特点
本话题语法填空选材紧扣“运动与健康”核心,全面覆盖必修一Unit 3 Sports and Fitness、选择性必修二Unit 5 First Aid、必修三Unit 2 Healthy Lifestyle三大单元主题,文本以短文形式呈现,长度约180-220词,体裁以说明文为主,穿插少量记叙文。内容聚焦运动益处、急救知识普及、健康生活方式指南、运动损伤预防、饮食与睡眠健康等核心场景,如“规律运动对身心的影响”“基础伤口急救流程”“健康生活习惯养成建议”等,贴合日常学习生活与成长需求,实用性强。文本融入话题核心词汇(如fitness、compete、injury、first aid、diet、stress、prevent等)及短语(如build up、take part in、deal with、keep a balanced diet、relieve stress等),语法考点分布均匀,既强化话题词汇积累,又适配高考语法填空考查趋势,兼顾语言基础巩固与语境应用能力提升。
(二)核心考点梳理
1. 词性转换:高频考查话题核心词汇的派生词变形,如动词变名词(fit→fitness、compete→competition、treat→treatment、prevent→prevention、improve→improvement)、名词变形容词(health→healthy、injury→injured、stress→stressful、energy→energetic、balance→balanced)、形容词变副词(regular→regularly、proper→properly、quick→quickly、gentle→gently),需结合语境判断空格处所需词性,掌握常见词缀(如-ness、-tion、-ment、-y、-ful、-ly)的变化规则,确保拼写正确。
2. 时态与语态:侧重考查一般现在时(介绍运动益处、急救常识、健康生活规律等客观事实)、一般过去时(描述过往运动经历、急救事件等)、现在完成时(体现运动/健康习惯的持续影响),语态以主动语态为主,被动语态多出现于急救流程、健康建议的客观陈述(如“伤口被处理”“健康知识被普及”“运动损伤被预防”),需根据文本时间线索、主谓关系判断时态与语态,确保时态一致、语态逻辑通顺。
3. 非谓语动词:重点考查不定式(to do)、现在分词(doing)、过去分词(done)的用法,如不定式表目的(“学习急救知识为了应对紧急情况”“规律运动为了保持健康”)、现在分词作伴随状语(“运动时释放压力”“处理伤口时保持冷静”)、过去分词作定语(“受伤的运动员”“被清洁的伤口”“均衡的饮食”),需结合逻辑关系与语法功能判断形式,明确非谓语动词与逻辑主语的主动/被动关系。
4. 冠词:考查不定冠词(a/an)、定冠词(the)的基本用法,如泛指某类事物(a healthy lifestyle、a first aid kit、a balanced diet)、特指特定对象(the fitness center、the injured person、the stress from study),需遵循冠词使用规则,结合语境区分泛指与特指,注意元音音素开头单词前用an(如an injury、an emergency)。
5. 介词:侧重考查话题相关固定搭配中的介词,如take part in、build up、deal with、in case of、call for、apply...to...、keep a balance between...and...、cut down on、in order to,需熟练掌握话题高频短语,结合搭配习惯填空;无固定搭配时,根据语境判断介词语义(如时间、方式、目的、对象等),确保语义连贯。
6. 连词:考查并列连词(and、but、or、so)、从属连词(that、which、who、when、where、because、if、as),需根据句子逻辑关系选择适配连词,如运动场景中用because引导原因状语从句(“因坚持运动而健康”)、急救场景中用if引导条件状语从句(“若受伤需及时处理”)、健康生活话题中用which引导定语从句(“有益健康的习惯”),理清句子结构,确保逻辑通顺。
(三)解题技巧
1. 通读全文,把握语境:先快速通读文本,明确文章主题(如运动、急救、健康生活)、体裁及整体逻辑,标记时间、人物、事件、核心观点等关键信息,判断文本整体时态基调,为后续语法判断奠定语境基础,避免脱离场景盲目填空。
2. 聚焦考点,精准突破:针对不同考点采用对应策略,词性转换题先分析空格前后词性、句子成分(主语、谓语、定语、状语等),确定所需词性后结合词缀规则变形;时态语态题根据时间词(如every day、last week、since then)、上下文时态及主谓关系判断,被动语态需补充“be+过去分词”结构,确保时态一致;非谓语动词题分析与逻辑主语的主动/被动关系及语法功能(目的、伴随、定语等),确定用to do、doing或done;介词题优先联想话题固定搭配,无搭配时结合语境判断语义;连词题先拆分句子成分,区分简单句与复合句,再根据逻辑关系(并列、转折、因果、条件等)选择连词。
3. 复核验证,检查通顺:完成所有空格后,再次通读全文,检查语法形式是否正确、词汇拼写是否无误、句子逻辑是否连贯、语义是否通顺,重点核对词性转换的准确性、时态语态的一致性、固定搭配的完整性,确保无语法错误与语境矛盾,提升填空准确率。
话题写作
(一)写作话题聚焦
本话题写作紧扣“运动与健康”核心,高频考查三大写作方向,均贴合高考应用文与记叙文写作要求,实用性与适配性强,适配学生日常表达与考场写作需求。
1. 应用文类:侧重运动与健康场景实用文体,包括书信(给朋友的运动建议信、关于健康生活方式的倡议信、向校医咨询运动损伤处理的咨询信)、通知(校园运动比赛通知、急救知识讲座通知、健康生活主题活动通知)、演讲稿(“运动与健康”主题演讲稿、急救知识重要性发言稿),需严格遵循对应文体格式,语言贴合写作对象语气(对朋友亲切自然、对师生客观清晰、对听众真诚恳切),内容紧扣场景需求,确保实用易懂。
2. 记叙文类:聚焦运动与健康相关成长经历,如“一次难忘的运动比赛经历”“运动损伤后的急救暖心故事”“健康生活习惯转变的历程”“学习急救技能的收获”等,需围绕事件起因、经过、结果展开,融入细节描写(动作、心理、环境)与情感表达,突出运动带来的成长、急救传递的温暖或健康习惯养成的感悟,情感真挚,情节完整。
3. 议论文/观点类:围绕运动与健康相关话题展开论述,如“运动对身心的重要意义”“急救知识应成为每个人的必备技能”“健康生活方式的核心要素”“青少年如何平衡运动与学习”等,需明确核心观点,采用“观点+论据+分析”的结构,论据可结合自身经历、生活案例、客观事实,逻辑连贯,论证充分,体现对运动与健康话题的深度思考。
(二)核心写作技巧
1. 应用文:①格式规范,严格遵循对应文体格式,书信包含称呼、正文、祝福语、署名、日期;通知包含标题、称呼、正文(时间、地点、内容、要求)、落款;演讲稿包含开场白(问候、点题)、正文、结束语(致谢),格式无遗漏;②语言得体,根据写作对象调整语气,如建议信亲切自然、通知简洁明了、演讲稿恳切有感染力,避免语气生硬或不符合场景;③内容完整,紧扣写作目的,如建议信给出具体可行的运动/健康建议,通知明确活动核心信息,咨询信清晰表达问题,确保信息无缺失,贴合实用需求。
2. 记叙文:①结构清晰,采用“总-分-总”或“起因-经过-结果”结构,开头引入事件背景(时间、地点、人物、目的),中间详细描述核心过程,突出关键情节(如运动比赛的突破、急救的关键步骤、习惯转变的契机),融入动作、心理、环境描写,让经历更真实;结尾升华主题,体现运动成长、健康感悟或温暖传递,呼应“难忘”“收获”等核心情感;②话题词汇融入,自然使用运动、急救、健康相关词汇及短语,增强话题适配性,避免词汇单一;③情感真挚,结合自身体验表达真实情绪(如运动的喜悦、受伤的焦急、养成习惯的欣慰),引发共鸣。
3. 议论文/观点类:①观点明确,开头直接抛出核心观点,避免模糊不清;②论据充分,每个观点搭配具体论据(自身经历、生活案例、客观事实等),如论述运动益处可结合“规律跑步提升免疫力”“篮球运动培养团队精神”等案例,增强说服力;③逻辑连贯,使用firstly、secondly、however、therefore、in my opinion等逻辑连接词,理清段落关系,让论证层层递进;④语言严谨,用词准确,避免口语化表达,体现议论文的正式性,同时融入话题核心词汇,提升语言专业性。
(三)高分写作模板(适配高频话题)
1. 健康生活方式倡议信模板
Dear classmates,
I’m writing to call on everyone to develop a healthy lifestyle, which is vital to our physical and mental health.
To keep healthy, we should start with three aspects. Firstly, we should take regular exercise, such as running, swimming or playing ball games. Regular exercise can build up our strength and relieve stress from study. Secondly, keep a balanced diet—eat more vegetables and fruits, cut down on junk food and sugary drinks, and avoid overeating. Thirdly, ensure enough sleep and avoid staying up late, as lack of sleep will affect our energy and study efficiency. In addition, we should learn to adjust our mood and stay positive when facing pressure.
A healthy lifestyle is the foundation of a happy life. Let’s take action from now on, develop good habits and keep healthy together.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
2. 难忘的运动比赛记叙文模板
Among all my sports experiences, the school basketball match last month is the most unforgettable one, which taught me the importance of perseverance and teamwork.
Before the match, our team trained hard every day. We practiced passing, shooting and defending repeatedly, and helped each other improve our skills. On the match day, I was nervous but excited. In the first half, we fell behind because of a few mistakes. I felt discouraged, but my teammates encouraged me to cheer up. In the second half, we changed our strategy, cooperated closely and tried our best. I ran fast to catch the ball, passed it to my teammate in time, and finally scored a key goal in the last minute. We won the match in the end.
This match not only made me realize the power of teamwork but also let me know that perseverance can help us overcome difficulties. It will always be a precious memory that encourages me to keep going in sports and life.
3. 运动对身心的重要意义议论文模板
Nowadays, more and more people pay attention to sports, and it’s not hard to see that sports play an important role in our physical and mental health.
Physically, sports are an effective way to keep healthy. Regular exercise can build up our physical strength, improve our immune system and help us control weight, making us less likely to get sick. For example, running every morning can strengthen our heart and lungs, while playing ball games can exercise our body coordination. Mentally, sports help relieve stress. In daily life, we often face pressure from study or life. When we do sports, our body produces endorphins, which can make us feel happy and relaxed. Besides, group sports can help us make more friends and improve our teamwork ability, making us more confident and positive.
In short, sports are beneficial to both our body and mind. We should develop the habit of doing sports regularly, choose suitable sports according to our physical condition, and enjoy the benefits that sports bring to us.
语法填空真题(主题:健康生活方式,对应b3 Unit 2 Healthy Lifestyle)
A healthy lifestyle is essential for everyone, as it can help us keep fit and stay away from illnesses. It mainly includes three aspects: regular exercise, a balanced diet and enough sleep.
Firstly, taking exercise 1 _________(regular) is very important. We can choose different kinds of sports, such as running, swimming and cycling. Exercise can build up our physical 2 _________(strong) and improve our immune system. It also helps relieve 3_________ (stressful) and keep us in a good mood. We should exercise at least 30 minutes a day, five days a week.
Secondly, we should keep a balanced diet. We should eat more vegetables and fruits, which are rich in vitamins and fiber. We should also eat some whole grains, meat and eggs to get enough protein. At the same time, we need to cut down 4 _________junk food and sugary drinks, as they are harmful to our health. It’s important to eat meals on time and avoid 5_________ (skip) breakfast.
Thirdly, enough sleep is necessary for our body and mind. Adults need about 7-9 hours of sleep every night, while teenagers need more, about 8-10 hours. Lack of sleep will affect our energy and study efficiency, and it may even lead to health problems. We should avoid 6_________ (stay) up late and go to bed early.
In addition, we should also learn to manage stress. We can listen to music, talk to friends or do sports 7 _________(relax) ourselves. A positive attitude towards life is also 8_________ (help) for a healthy lifestyle.
In short, a healthy lifestyle is not difficult to develop. If we stick to these habits, we will 9 _________(gradual) improve our health and enjoy a better life. Let’s take action now and start 10_________ (live) a healthy life.
写作真题(应用文:倡议信,对应b3 Unit 2 Healthy Lifestyle、b1 Unit 3 Sports and Fitness)
假设你是李华,作为校学生会成员,你想向全校同学发起“健康生活,快乐成长”的倡议,呼吁大家养成健康的生活习惯。请你写一封倡议信,内容包括:1. 倡议目的;2. 具体建议(规律运动、均衡饮食、充足睡眠);3. 发出呼吁。词数100左右。
写作真题(记叙文:难忘的运动经历,对应b1 Unit 3 Sports and Fitness)
请以“My Unforgettable Sports Experience”为题,写一篇记叙文,讲述一次难忘的运动经历,要求体现运动带来的成长或感悟,词数120左右。
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一、必修一 Unit 3 Sports and Fitness
(一)核心词汇
1. sport(n.):运动;体育运动,泛指各类体育项目,可搭配play sports(做运动)、winter sports(冬季运动),延伸为sportsmanship(n.体育精神),适配运动场景基础表达。
2. fitness(n.):健康;健身,侧重身体机能的良好状态与健身活动,搭配physical fitness(身体健康)、fitness center(健身中心),派生词为fit(adj.健康的;合适的,v.适应;健身),如keep fit(保持健康)。
3. compete(v.):竞争;比赛,侧重参与体育竞技,搭配compete in(参加……比赛)、compete with/against(与……竞争),派生词为competition(n.比赛;竞争)、competitor(n.参赛者)、competitive(adj.有竞争力的)。
4. strength(n.):力量;力气;优势,运动中可指身体力量或竞技优势,搭配build up strength(增强力量)、strength and weakness(优势与劣势),对应形容词strong(强壮的)。
5. energy(n.):精力;能量,侧重运动所需的体力与活力,搭配save energy(节省精力)、full of energy(精力充沛),派生词为energetic(adj.精力充沛的)。
6. injury(n.):损伤;伤害,特指运动中出现的身体受伤,搭配sports injury(运动损伤)、get an injury(受伤),对应动词injure(v.伤害;损伤)、injured(adj.受伤的)。
7. challenge(n./v.):挑战;向……挑战,运动中可指竞技挑战或突破自我,搭配take on a challenge(接受挑战)、challenge oneself(挑战自我)。
8. balance(n./v.):平衡;使平衡,运动场景中侧重身体平衡或运动与休息的平衡,搭配keep balance(保持平衡)、balance between sports and study(运动与学习的平衡)。
(二)重点短语
1. build up:增强;积累,侧重提升身体素质,如build up physical strength(增强体力)、build up fitness(提升健康水平)。
2. take part in:参加;参与,同义短语为join in、participate in,用于表达参与体育比赛或运动活动,如take part in the school sports meeting(参加校运动会)。
3. in spite of:尽管;不管,用于描述克服困难参与运动,如in spite of the rain, we still took part in the running race(尽管下雨,我们还是参加了跑步比赛)。
4. come along:出现;一起来;进展,运动场景中可指加入运动、运动技能进展,如come along to play basketball with us(一起来和我们打篮球)、my tennis skills are coming along well(我的网球技能进展得不错)。
5. fall apart:破裂;崩溃,此处侧重身体因缺乏运动或受伤而状态变差,如without regular exercise, the body will fall apart easily(缺乏规律运动,身体容易垮掉)。
6. set an example:树立榜样,用于描述优秀运动员的示范作用,如the athlete set an example for us with his hard work(这位运动员用努力为我们树立了榜样)。
(三)核心句型及仿写
1. 句型1:not only...but also...(不仅……而且……,连接并列成分,主谓一致就近原则)
原句:Doing sports not only keeps us fit but also helps us relieve stress.
仿写:参加校运动会不仅能锻炼我们的身体,还能培养我们的团队精神。(Taking part in the school sports meeting not only exercises our bodies but also develops our team spirit.)
2. 句型2:It’s + adj. + for sb. to do sth.(对某人来说做某事是……的)
原句:It’s important for teenagers to keep a balance between sports and study.
仿写:对运动员来说,坚持日常训练并保持良好心态是很必要的。(It’s necessary for athletes to stick to daily training and keep a good attitude.)
3. 句型3:Although/Though + 从句,主句(尽管……,但是……)
原句:Although he got injured in the training, he still insisted on taking part in the competition.
仿写:尽管跑步很累,但它能帮助我们释放压力、保持精力充沛。(Although running is tiring, it can help us relieve stress and stay energetic.)
4. 句型4:The reason why...is that...(……的原因是……)
原句:The reason why I like playing basketball is that it can strengthen my body and improve my teamwork ability.
仿写:很多人喜欢健身的原因是健身能增强力量、提升身体素质。(The reason why many people like fitness is that it can build up strength and improve physical fitness.)
二、选择性必修二 Unit 5 First Aid
(一)核心词汇
1. first aid(n.):急救,不可数名词,搭配give first aid(实施急救)、first aid knowledge(急救知识)、first aid kit(急救箱),是话题核心基础词汇。
2. injury(n.):损伤;伤害,复用运动话题词汇,本单元侧重意外受伤(如擦伤、烫伤、骨折等),搭配minor injury(轻伤)、severe injury(重伤)、treat an injury(处理伤口/损伤)。
3. treat(v.):治疗;处理;对待,急救场景中侧重处理伤口、治疗损伤,搭配treat a cut(处理擦伤)、treat sb. for an injury(为某人治疗损伤),派生词为treatment(n.治疗;处理)。
4. bleed(v.):流血;出血,对应名词blood(n.血液),搭配bleed heavily(大量出血)、stop bleeding(止血),派生词为bleeding(n.出血;adj.流血的)。
5. burn(v./n.):燃烧;烫伤;烧伤,急救高频词,搭配get burned(被烫伤/烧伤)、treat a burn(处理烫伤/烧伤)、first-degree burn(一度烧伤)。
6. press(v./n.):按压;压力,急救场景中侧重按压止血,搭配press hard on the wound(用力按压伤口)、press the button(按按钮),名词搭配pressure(n.压力)。
7. apply(v.):应用;涂抹;申请,复用前话题词汇,本单元侧重“涂抹”药膏、“应用”急救知识,搭配apply medicine to the wound(往伤口上涂药)、apply first aid skills(应用急救技能)。
8. prevent(v.):预防;阻止,搭配prevent accidents(预防事故)、prevent sb. from doing sth.(阻止某人做某事)、prevent the wound from getting infected(防止伤口感染),派生词为prevention(n.预防;阻止)。
(二)重点短语
1. fall down:摔倒;跌倒,常引发受伤,是急救场景的常见诱因,如he fell down and got a cut on his knee(他摔倒了,膝盖擦伤了)。
2. in case of:万一;如果,用于提醒急救应对场景,如in case of bleeding, press hard on the wound immediately(万一出血,立即用力按压伤口)。
3. deal with:处理;应对,侧重处理急救相关问题,如deal with a burn properly(正确处理烫伤)、deal with emergency situations(应对紧急情况)。
4. put one’s hands on:找到;拿到,用于急救中获取物品,如quickly put your hands on the first aid kit(快速找到急救箱)。
5. take off:脱掉;取下,急救中可指脱掉受伤部位的衣物,如take off the clothes around the burned area(脱掉烧伤部位周围的衣服)。
6. call for help:呼救,紧急情况下寻求援助,如if the injury is severe, call for help at once(如果伤势严重,立即呼救)。
(三)核心句型及仿写
1. 句型1:If + 从句(一般现在时),主句(will/can/should + 动词原形)(条件状语从句)
原句:If you get a minor cut, you should clean the wound first and then apply some medicine.
仿写:如果有人严重出血,你应该立即按压止血并呼救。(If someone bleeds heavily, you should press to stop bleeding and call for help at once.)
2. 句型2:It’s important/necessary to do sth.(做某事是重要的/必要的)
原句:It’s necessary for everyone to learn some basic first aid knowledge.
仿写:掌握正确的烫伤处理方法对我们来说很重要。(It’s important for us to master the correct way to treat burns.)
3. 句型3:Before/After + 动名词/从句,主句(时间状语从句)
原句:Before applying medicine to the wound, you must clean it with clean water.
仿写:处理伤口之后,你应该用干净的纱布覆盖它。(After dealing with the wound, you should cover it with clean gauze.)
4. 句型4:The way to do sth. is to do sth.(做某事的方法是做某事)
原句:The way to stop bleeding is to press hard on the wound with a clean cloth.
仿写:预防运动受伤的方法是提前热身并做好防护。(The way to prevent sports injuries is to warm up in advance and take protective measures.)
三、必修三 Unit 2 Healthy Lifestyle
(一)核心词汇
1. healthy(adj.):健康的,反义形容词为unhealthy(不健康的),搭配healthy lifestyle(健康的生活方式)、healthy diet(健康饮食)、healthy habits(健康习惯),派生词为health(n.健康)、healthily(adv.健康地)。
2. lifestyle(n.):生活方式,话题核心名词,搭配healthy lifestyle(健康生活方式)、unhealthy lifestyle(不健康生活方式)、change one’s lifestyle(改变生活方式)。
3. diet(n./v.):饮食;节食,侧重日常饮食结构,搭配balanced diet(均衡饮食)、healthy diet(健康饮食)、go on a diet(节食),动词搭配diet on sth.(以某物为食)。
4. stress(n./v.):压力;施压,侧重生活、学习中的压力,搭配stress from study(学习压力)、relieve stress(缓解压力)、be under stress(承受压力),动词搭配stress sb. out(使某人压力大)。
5. sleep(n./v.):睡眠;睡觉,健康生活核心要素,搭配enough sleep(充足睡眠)、sleep well(睡得好)、lack of sleep(睡眠不足),派生词为sleepy(adj.困倦的)、asleep(adj.睡着的)。
6. balance(n./v.):平衡;使平衡,复用运动话题词汇,本单元侧重饮食平衡、生活与休息的平衡,搭配balanced diet(均衡饮食)、balance between work and rest(劳逸结合)、balance life and study(平衡生活与学习)。
7. avoid(v.):避免;避开,侧重规避不健康的行为,搭配avoid junk food(避免垃圾食品)、avoid staying up late(避免熬夜)、avoid doing sth.(避免做某事)。
8. improve(v.):改善;提高,侧重提升健康状态,搭配improve health(改善健康)、improve living habits(改善生活习惯)、improve sleep quality(提升睡眠质量),派生词为improvement(n.改善;提升)。
(二)重点短语
1. keep a balanced diet:保持均衡饮食,健康饮食核心表达,是健康生活方式的重要组成部分。
2. stay up late:熬夜,不健康生活习惯,反义表达为go to bed early(早睡),如staying up late will affect your health(熬夜会影响你的健康)。
3. take regular exercise:进行规律运动,复用运动话题相关表达,健康生活的核心要素之一,如taking regular exercise helps improve physical fitness(规律运动有助于提升身体素质)。
4. relieve stress:缓解压力,适配应对生活、学习压力的场景,如listening to music can help relieve stress(听音乐有助于缓解压力)。
5. in order to:为了;以便,用于表达健康生活的目的,如in order to keep healthy, we should exercise regularly(为了保持健康,我们应该规律运动)。
6. cut down on:减少;削减,侧重减少不健康事物的摄入或行为,如cut down on junk food and sugary drinks(减少垃圾食品和含糖饮料的摄入)。
(三)核心句型及仿写
1. 句型1:As we all know,...(众所周知……)
原句:As we all know, a healthy lifestyle plays an important role in our daily life.
仿写:众所周知,均衡饮食和规律运动是保持健康的关键。(As we all know, a balanced diet and regular exercise are the keys to keeping healthy.)
2. 句型2:Not only...but also...(不仅……而且……,部分倒装)
原句:Not only does regular exercise keep us fit, but also it helps us stay in a good mood.
仿写:充足的睡眠不仅能让我们精力充沛,还能提高学习效率。(Not only can enough sleep make us energetic, but also it can improve our study efficiency.)
3. 句型3:With + 宾语 + 宾语补足语(with复合结构)
原句:With the improvement of people’s living standards, more and more people pay attention to healthy lifestyles.
仿写:随着生活压力的增大,越来越多的人开始学习缓解压力的方法。(With the increase of life stress, more and more people begin to learn ways to relieve stress.)
4. 句型4:It’s high time that...(到了……的时候了,从句用过去时或should+动词原形)
原句:It’s high time that we changed our unhealthy habits and developed a healthy lifestyle.
仿写:到了我们减少熬夜、保证充足睡眠的时候了。(It’s high time that we cut down on staying up late and ensured enough sleep.)
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