训练12-濒危动物江豚的保护行动(完形填空、阅读理解、任务型阅读、书面表达)-2026年初中英语中考时事阅读写作训练(人教版)

2026年初中英语中考时事阅读写作训练(人教版、全国通用) 训练12 濒危动物江豚的保护行动 一、完形填空(共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分) 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 The Yangtze finless porpoise (长江江豚) is a lovely animal living in the Yangtze River. People call it the “smiling angel” because it has a curved mouth that looks like a 1_______ . But now, it is in great 2_______ and needs our help badly. Over the past 30 years, the number of Yangtze finless porpoises has 3_______ a lot. The main reasons are water pollution, overfishing and busy ship traffic in the Yangtze River. These activities make their home unsafe and food 4_______. Luckily, our country and people are taking action to 5_______ them. The “Ten-Year Fishing Ban” on the Yangtze River started in 2021, which helps increase the number of small fish—the porpoises’ main 6_______. Scientists also use high-tech tools to 7_______ their living conditions. Many nature reserves have been built to provide a safe home for them. As students, we can also do something to help. We can tell our family and friends about the 8_______ of protecting Yangtze finless porpoises. We can also stop throwing rubbish into rivers to keep the water 9_______. Let’s work together to make sure these “smiling angels” can live 10_______ in the Yangtze River forever. 1. A. cry B. smile C. shout D. laugh 2. A. danger B. safety C. happiness D. peace 3. A. risen B. dropped C. stayed D. increased 4. A. enough B. much C. scarce D. delicious 5. A. kill B. hurt C. protect D. catch 6. A. food B. home C. water D. toy 7. A. forget B. monitor C. change D. stop 8. A. unimportance B. importance C. difficulty D. easiness 9. A. dirty B. deep C. clean D. cold 10. A. sadly B. quickly C. quietly D. happily 答案：1-5 BABCC 6-10 ABBCD 解析： 1. 考查名词辨析。根据前文“smiling angel”(微笑天使)可知，江豚的嘴型像微笑，故选B(smile 微笑)；A(cry 哭泣)、C(shout 大喊)、D(laugh 大笑)均不符合语境。 2. 考查名词辨析。根据后文“needs our help badly”(急需我们的帮助)可知，江豚处于危险之中，in great danger 是固定搭配，意为“处于极大危险中”，故选A(danger 危险)；B(safety 安全)、C(happiness 幸福)、D(peace 和平)均不符合句意。 3. 考查动词辨析。根据后文“The main reasons are water pollution...”(主要原因是水污染……)可知，江豚的数量减少了，故选B(dropped 下降、减少)；A(risen 上升)、C(stayed 保持)、D(increased 增加)均与语境相反。 4. 考查形容词辨析。结合前文“water pollution, overfishing”(水污染、过度捕捞)可知，江豚的食物变得稀缺，故选C(scarce 稀缺的)；A(enough 足够的)、B(much 许多的)、D(delicious 美味的)均不符合语境。 5. 考查动词辨析。根据前文“Luckily”(幸运的是)及后文提到的保护措施可知，人们在采取行动保护江豚，故选C(protect 保护)；A(kill 杀死)、B(hurt 伤害)、D(catch 捕捉)均与句意不符。 6. 考查名词辨析。根据前文“small fish”(小鱼)可知，小鱼是江豚的主要食物，故选A(food 食物)；B(home 家)、C(water 水)、D(toy 玩具)均不符合逻辑。 7. 考查动词辨析。结合常识和语境，科学家用高科技工具监测江豚的生存状况，故选B(monitor 监测)；A(forget 忘记)、C(change 改变)、D(stop 停止)均不符合句意。 8. 考查名词辨析。句意：我们可以告诉家人和朋友保护长江江豚的重要性。the importance of... 意为“……的重要性”，故选B(importance 重要性)；A(unimportance 不重要)、C(difficulty 困难)、D(easiness 容易)均不符合语境。 考查形容词辨析。根据前文“stop throwing rubbish into rivers”(停止向河流扔垃圾)可知，这样做是为了保持水干净，故选C(clean 干净的)；A(dirty 脏的)、B(deep 深的)、D(cold 冷的)均不符合逻辑。 10. 考查副词辨析。句意：让我们一起努力，确保这些“微笑天使”能永远在长江里快乐地生活。结合语境，此处应填“快乐地”，故选D(happily 快乐地)；A(sadly 悲伤地)、B(quickly 快速地)、C(quietly 安静地)均不符合句意。 二、阅读理解(共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分) A篇 The Yangtze finless porpoise is a unique freshwater cetacean (鲸类动物) in China. It only lives in the Yangtze River and its surrounding lakes, such as Poyang Lake and Dongting Lake. It has a round head and no dorsal fin (背鳍), which makes it different from other porpoises. In the 1990s, there were more than 3,600 Yangtze finless porpoises in the wild. But due to human activities, their number dropped quickly. In 2013, it was listed as a “Critically Endangered” species by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). To save this lovely animal, our country has taken many measures. The Ten-Year Fishing Ban is one of the most important measures. It helps to restore the fish resources in the Yangtze River, so the porpoises have more food to eat. Besides, we have built 8 nature reserves along the Yangtze River to provide a safe living environment for them. Scientists also use acoustic monitoring (声学监测) to track their activities and study their living habits. Thanks to these efforts, the number of Yangtze finless porpoises has stopped falling and started to rise. In 2022, the number reached 1,249, and in 2025, it increased to 1,426. We believe that with more people’s help, the Yangtze finless porpoises will have a better future. 1. Where do Yangtze finless porpoises live? A. In the Yellow River. B. In the Yangtze River and its surrounding lakes. C. In the Pearl River. D. In the sea. 2. What makes the Yangtze finless porpoise different from other porpoises? A. It has a long head. B. It has a dorsal fin. C. It has a round head and no dorsal fin. D. It is very small. 3. When was the Yangtze finless porpoise listed as a “Critically Endangered” species? A. In the 1990s. B. In 2013. C. In 2022. D. In 2025. 4. Which measure is NOT mentioned to protect Yangtze finless porpoises? A. The Ten Year Fishing Ban. B. Building nature reserves. C. Acoustic monitoring. D. Feeding them in zoos. 5. What can we know from the passage? A. The number of Yangtze finless porpoises is still falling. B. The number of Yangtze finless porpoises has increased since 2022. C. There were 1,426 Yangtze finless porpoises in 2022. D. The Yangtze finless porpoise is not a freshwater animal. 答案：1-5 BCBDA 解析： 1. 细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“It only lives in the Yangtze River and its surrounding lakes, such as Poyang Lake and Dongting Lake.”可知，长江江豚生活在长江及其周边湖泊，故选B。 2. 细节理解题。根据第一段第三句“It has a round head and no dorsal fin (背鳍), which makes it different from other porpoises.”可知，长江江豚的特点是圆头、无背鳍，这使其区别于其他江豚，故选C。 3. 细节理解题。根据第二段第三句“In 2013, it was listed as a ‘Critically Endangered’ species by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN)."可知，2013年长江江豚被列为“极度濒危”物种，故选B。 4. 细节理解题。根据第三段内容，提到的保护措施有：十年禁渔(The Ten-Year Fishing Ban)、建立自然保护区(built 8 nature reserves)、声学监测(acoustic monitoring)，没有提到“在动物园喂养它们”，故选D。 5. 推理判断题。根据第四段第二句“In 2022, the number reached 1,249, and in 2025, it increased to 1,426.”可知，2022年以来长江江豚的数量在增加，故选B；A选项“数量仍在下降”与原文“has stopped falling and started to rise”不符；C选项“2022年有1426头”错误，2022年是1249头；D选项“不是淡水动物”错误，原文提到它是“unique freshwater cetacean”(独特的淡水鲸类动物)。 B篇 Every year, many volunteers take part in the protection of Yangtze finless porpoises. They come from different places and have different jobs, but they have the same goal: to help these “smiling angels” survive. Li Ming is a college student. Every summer vacation, he goes to the Yangtze River with his classmates to do volunteer work. They clean up the rubbish by the river, because rubbish pollutes the water and harms the porpoises. They also tell local people about the importance of protecting the porpoises. They hope more people can join in the protection work. Wang Hong is a fisherman. Before the Ten-Year Fishing Ban, he made a living by fishing in the Yangtze River. Now, he stops fishing and becomes a volunteer. He helps scientists monitor the porpoises’ activities. He knows the Yangtze River very well, so he can help scientists find the porpoises easily. He often says, “The Yangtze River gives me a lot. Now it’s my turn to protect it and the porpoises.” Zhang Wei is a scientist. He has been studying Yangtze finless porpoises for more than 10 years. He and his team use high-tech tools to study their living habits and health conditions. They also try to find better ways to protect the porpoises. Their research helps the government make better protection plans. These volunteers are doing their best to protect the Yangtze finless porpoises. Their efforts are making a difference. We should learn from them and do our part to protect these lovely animals. 1. What is the common goal of the volunteers? A. To clean up the river. B. To help Yangtze finless porpoises survive. C. To do scientific research. D. To stop fishing in the Yangtze River. 2. What does Li Ming do as a volunteer? A. He cleans up rubbish and tells people about porpoise protection. B. He monitors the porpoises’ activities. C. He studies the porpoises’ living habits. D. He makes protection plans. 3. Why can Wang Hong help scientists find porpoises easily? A. He is a scientist. B. He has a lot of high-tech tools. C. He knows the Yangtze River very well. D. He is a college student. 4. How long has Zhang Wei been studying Yangtze finless porpoises? A. For less than 5 years. B. For more than 10 years. C. For 15 years. D. For 20 years. 5. What can we learn from the passage? A. Only college students can be volunteers. B. Wang Hong still fishes in the Yangtze River. C. Zhang Wei’s research helps make better protection plans. D. Volunteers’ efforts are useless. 答案：1-5 BACBC 解析： 1. 细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“They come from different places and have different jobs, but they have the same goal: to help these ‘smiling angels’ survive.”可知，志愿者们的共同目标是帮助长江江豚生存，故选B。 2. 细节理解题。根据第二段第二、三句“They clean up the rubbish by the river... They also tell local people about the importance of protecting the porpoises.”可知，李明作为志愿者，清理河边垃圾并向人们宣传江豚保护的重要性，故选A。 3. 细节理解题。根据第三段第四句“He knows the Yangtze River very well, so he can help scientists find the porpoises easily.”可知，王红能轻松帮助科学家找到江豚，是因为他非常了解长江，故选C。 4. 细节理解题。根据第四段第二句“He has been studying Yangtze finless porpoises for more than 10 years.”可知，张伟研究长江江豚已有10多年，故选B。 5. 细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句“Their research helps the government make better protection plans.”可知，张伟的研究帮助制定更好的保护计划，故选C；A选项“只有大学生能当志愿者”错误，文中提到渔民、科学家也能当志愿者；B选项“王红仍在长江捕鱼”错误，他已停止捕鱼；D选项“志愿者的努力没用”错误，原文提到“Their efforts are making a difference.”(他们的努力正在产生影响)。 C篇 The Yangtze finless porpoise is not only a lovely animal but also an important “indicator” (指示器) of the Yangtze River’s ecological environment. If the porpoises are healthy and their number is increasing, it means the Yangtze River’s environment is getting better. However, the Yangtze finless porpoise still faces many threats. First, water pollution is still a big problem. Some factories pour waste water into the river, which makes the water dirty and harms the porpoises’ health. Second, ship traffic is still busy. Ships make loud noises, which disturb the porpoises’ life. Sometimes, porpoises are hit by ships and get hurt. Third, extreme weather, such as floods and droughts, also affects their living conditions. To solve these problems, we need to do more. The government should make stricter laws to stop water pollution and control ship traffic in the porpoises’ habitats. Factories should stop pouring waste water into the river. We can also use green energy to reduce pollution. As students, we can join environmental protection activities and tell more people to protect the Yangtze River and its creatures. Protecting the Yangtze finless porpoise is not just protecting one species. It is protecting the whole ecological system of the Yangtze River. Let’s work together to make the Yangtze River clearer and the porpoises safer. 1. What does the Yangtze finless porpoise indicate? A. The number of fish in the Yangtze River. B. The ecological environment of the Yangtze River. C. The weather of the Yangtze River basin. D. The number of ships in the Yangtze River. 2. Which of the following is NOT a threat to the Yangtze finless porpoise? A. Water pollution. B. Ship traffic. C. Extreme weather. D. Nature reserves. 3. What do ships do to disturb the porpoises’ life? A. They pour waste water into the river. B. They hit the porpoises. C. They make loud noises. D. They take away the porpoises’ food. 4. What should the government do to protect the porpoises? A. Stop all ships in the Yangtze River. B. Make stricter laws to stop water pollution and control ship traffic. C. Close all factories along the Yangtze River. D. Feed the porpoises every day. 5. What’s the main idea of the passage? A. The Yangtze finless porpoise is a lovely animal. B. The Yangtze finless porpoise is in danger. C. We need to do more to protect the Yangtze finless porpoise. D. The Yangtze River’s environment is getting better. 答案：1-5 BDCBC 解析： 1. 细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“The Yangtze finless porpoise is not only a lovely animal but also an important ‘indicator’ (指示器) of the Yangtze River’s ecological environment.”可知，长江江豚是长江生态环境的重要指示器，故选B。 2. 细节理解题。根据第二段内容，提到的威胁有：水污染(water pollution)、船舶交通(ship traffic)、极端天气(extreme weather)，自然保护区(nature reserves)是保护措施，不是威胁，故选D。 3. 细节理解题。根据第二段第四句“Ships make loud noises, which disturb the porpoises’ life.”可知，船舶的噪音会干扰江豚的生活，故选C；A选项“倾倒废水”是工厂的行为；B选项“撞击江豚”是偶尔发生的情况，不是干扰生活的主要方式；D选项“拿走江豚的食物”文中未提及。 4. 细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“The government should make stricter laws to stop water pollution and control ship traffic in the porpoises’ habitats.”可知，政府应制定更严格的法律，制止水污染并控制江豚栖息地的船舶交通，故选B；A选项“禁止所有船舶”、C选项“关闭所有工厂”过于绝对；D选项“每天喂养江豚”文中未提及。 5. 主旨大意题。通读全文，第一段介绍江豚的指示器作用，第二段说明江豚面临的威胁，第三段提出保护措施，第四段总结保护江豚的意义，核心是“我们需要做更多来保护长江江豚”，故选C；A、B、D均是文章的部分内容，不是主旨。 三、任务型阅读(共5小题，每小题1分，满分5分) 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容，完成表格中所缺信息(每空一词)。 The Yangtze finless porpoise is a precious animal in China. It is called the “smiling angel” because of its special mouth shape. It is a freshwater cetacean and only lives in the Yangtze River and its surrounding lakes. In the past, the number of Yangtze finless porpoises dropped quickly because of water pollution, overfishing and busy ship traffic. In 2013, it was listed as a Critically Endangered species. To save it, our country has taken many effective measures. The Ten-Year Fishing Ban was started in 2021 to increase the fish resources. Many nature reserves have been built to provide a safe home for the porpoises. Scientists use high-tech tools to monitor their living conditions and do research on them. With these efforts, the number of Yangtze finless porpoises has started to rise. In 2022, it was 1,249, and in 2025, it reached 1,426. We believe that with more people’s help, the Yangtze finless porpoise will have a bright future. Information about the Yangtze Finless Porpoise Details Nickname The “1__________ angel” Living place The Yangtze River and its surrounding 2 __________ Reasons for population drop Water pollution, overfishing and busy ship 3__________ Protection measure 1 The Ten-Year Fishing Ban started in 4__________ Population in 2025 5__________ 答案：1. smiling 2. lakes 3. traffic 4. 2021 5. 1426 解析： 1. 细节查找题。根据第一段第二句“It is called the ‘smiling angel’ because of its special mouth shape.”可知，此处应填smiling。 2. 细节查找题。根据第一段第三句“It is a freshwater cetacean and only lives in the Yangtze River and its surrounding lakes.”可知，此处应填lakes(注意用复数形式，与surrounding搭配，表示“周边的多个湖泊”)。 3. 细节查找题。根据第二段第一句“In the past, the number of Yangtze finless porpoises dropped quickly because of water pollution, overfishing and busy ship traffic.”可知，此处应填traffic。 4. 细节查找题。根据第二段第四句“The Ten-Year Fishing Ban was started in 2021 to increase the fish resources.”可知，此处应填2021。 5. 细节查找题。根据第三段第二句“In 2022, it was 1,249, and in 2025, it reached 1,426.”可知，2025年江豚的数量是1426，此处直接填数字1426即可。 四、书面表达(满分15分) 假设你是李华，你校英文报正在举办“保护长江江豚”主题征文活动，请你根据以下提示，写一篇短文投稿。 提示：1. 介绍长江江豚(外形、栖息地、现状)； 2. 说明江豚濒危的原因； 3. 提出保护江豚的建议(至少2条)； 4. 发出呼吁。 要求：1. 词数80-100左右； 2. 条理清晰，语句通顺，语法正确； 3. 包含所有提示内容，可适当发挥。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 参考范文 Save the Yangtze Finless Porpoises The Yangtze finless porpoise is a lovely freshwater animal. It has a round head and a curved mouth, looking like a smiling angel. It lives in the Yangtze River and its surrounding lakes. However, its number is getting smaller and smaller, and it is now a critically endangered species. There are many reasons for its danger. Water pollution, overfishing and busy ship traffic make its living environment worse and worse. It has less food to eat and often gets hurt. We must take action to protect it. First, we should stop throwing rubbish into rivers to keep the water clean. Second, we can tell our family and friends about the importance of protecting the porpoises. Let’s work together to save these smiling angels and make our world more beautiful. 评分标准(15分) 1. 内容完整(1-8分)：包含所有提示内容(介绍江豚、濒危原因、保护建议、呼吁)，适当发挥，得6-8分；缺少1个提示内容，得4-5分；缺少2个及以上提示内容，得1-3分；完全不相关，得0分。 2. 语法与句式(1-4分)：语法正确、句式多样(简单句、并列句结合)，得3-4分；语法有少量错误，句式单一，得1-2分；语法错误较多，影响理解，得0分。 3. 语句与连贯(1-2分)：语句通顺，逻辑清晰，有连接词(however, first, second等)，得2分；语句基本通顺，逻辑一般，得1分；语句不通顺，逻辑混乱，得0分。 4. 词数(1分)：80-100词，得1分；不足80词或超过100词过多，得0分。 解析 1. 结构解析：范文分为三段，第一段介绍长江江豚的外形、栖息地和现状，呼应提示1；第二段说明江豚濒危的原因，呼应提示2；第三段提出保护建议并发出呼吁，呼应提示3和4，结构清晰，逻辑连贯。 2. 语法与句式：使用了简单句(It has a round head...)、并列句(It lives in... and its surrounding lakes.)和复合句(looking like a smiling angel.)，语法正确，句式多样；运用了however, first, second等连接词，使文章衔接自然。 3. 重点词汇：freshwater animal(淡水动物)、critically endangered(极度濒危)、living environment(生存环境)、take action(采取行动)、keep...clean(保持……干净)等，贴合七年级英语词汇范围，同时结合江豚保护话题，准确表达含义。 4. 拓展建议：学生可在范文基础上，补充具体的保护措施(如“支持江豚保护公益活动”)，或增加江豚的数量变化(如“2025年江豚数量达到1426头”)，使内容更丰富，同时控制词数在要求范围内。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $