第14卷 完形填空（说明文）-2026年湖南省（对口招生）《英语45分钟训练卷》（原卷版+解析版）

编写说明：2026年湖南省（对口招生）《英语45分钟训练卷》，依据湖南省对口招生考试历年英语考试真题与模拟试题分析编写。本专辑包括听力理解、词汇与语法、交际用语、完形填空、阅读理解、书面表达等6大高考题型。1-20卷为考点/题型专项训练卷，21-25卷为综合训练卷。 本试卷是2026年湖南省（对口招生）《英语45分钟训练卷》的第14卷，知识点包括完形填空（说明文）。 2026年湖南省（对口招生）《英语45分钟训练卷》 第14卷 完形填空（说明文） 考试时间：45分钟 满分：100分 班级 姓名 学号 成绩 基础篇 1、 完形填空 (共20小题；每小题3分，满分60分) （A） A small talk is a good way to kill time and make friends. If you travel to other countries, do you know what to say to start a small ________ with local people? In Britain, the best topic is the weather. British ________ changes quite often. It’s also a safe topic. You can start a small talk simply by ________ “It’s a lovely day today, isn’t it?” Besides the weather, it’s good to talk about gardens with English people. For example, ________ could say, “Those roses look really beautiful, don’t they?” English people love their pets. So it’s also nice to begin with “What a lovely ________! What is its name?” In America, people like to ________ sports, such as American football and basketball. They also talk about clothes by saying “It’s a nice shirt! Where did you get it?” The clothes are a ________ topic there, too. Of course, there are also a lot of topics to avoid during a small talk in Western countries. Don’t ask people “How old are you?” Age is usually ________, especially for women. ________ ask “How much money do you make?” It makes people uncomfortable. Don’t ask strangers whether they have a girlfriend ________ boyfriend. Politics or religion is not a good topic for two people who have just met, either. 1．A．lecture B．talk C．meeting D．lesson 2．A．weather B．people C．food D．clothes 3．A．speaking B．discussing C．saying D．reading 4．A．they B．I C．we D．you 5．A．day B．rose C．dog D．season 6．A．care about B．look about C．think about D．talk about 7．A．serious B．big C．safe D．moving 8．A．a topic B．a secret C．an opinion D．an answer 9．A．Never B．Please C．Ever D．Usually 10．A．and B．with C．but D．or 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．C 4．D 5．C 6．D 7．C 8．B 9．A 10．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在英国和美国等西方国家和陌生人聊天时应注意聊天的话题。说明了可以选择以什么话题开始聊天以及应该避免聊到哪些话题。 1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果你去其他国家旅行，你知道和当地人闲聊该说什么吗？A. lecture演讲；B. talk谈话；C. meeting会议；D. lesson课程。根据前文“A small talk is a good way to kill time and make friends. (闲聊是消磨时间和交朋友的好方法。)”可知，此处讲的是去旅行时应该和当地人闲聊什么，“a small talk”意为“闲聊”。故选B。 2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：英国的天气经常变化。A. weather天气；B. people人；C. food食物；D. clothes衣服。根据前文“In Britain, the best topic is the weather. (在英国，最好的话题是天气。)”可知，此处讲的是英国的天气是多变的。故选A。 3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：你可以通过说：“今天天气真好，不是吗？”来简单地开始闲聊。A. speaking讲（强调动作）；B. discussing讨论；C. saying说（强调内容）；D. reading读。根据后面引号中的“It’s a lovely day today, isn’t it? (今天天气真好，不是吗？)”可知，这里强调的是说话的内容。故选C。 4．考查代词词义辨析。句意：例如，你可以说：“那些玫瑰看起来真漂亮，不是吗？”A. they他们；B. I我；C. we我们；D. you你。根据前文“If you travel to other countries (如果你去其他国家旅行)”和“You can start a small talk simply (你可以简单地开始闲聊)”可知，文章是以第二人称的视角来写的。故选D。 5．考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以用“多可爱的狗啊！它叫什么名字？”开始闲聊是很好的。A. day天；B. rose玫瑰；C. dog狗；D. season季节。根据前文“English people love their pets. (英国人喜欢他们的宠物。)”可知，此处建议以宠物为主题开始闲聊。故选C。 6．考查动词短语辨析。句意：在美国，人们喜欢谈论运动，比如美式足球和篮球。A. care about关心；B. look about环顾四周；C. think about考虑；D. talk about谈论。根据后文“They also talk about clothes (他们也谈论衣服)”可知，在美国，人们喜欢谈论运动，也谈论衣服。故选D。 7．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在那里，衣服也是一个安全的话题。A. serious严肃的；B. big大的；C. safe安全的；D. moving感人的。根据前文“They also talk about clothes (他们也谈论衣服)”可知，在美国，闲聊谈论衣服是一个安全的话题。故选C。 8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：年龄通常是一个秘密，尤其是对女人来说。A. a topic一个话题；B. a secret一个秘密；C. an opinion一个观点；D. an answer一个回答。根据前文“Don’t ask people ‘How old are you?’ (不要问别人‘你多大了？’)”可知，闲聊时谈论年龄是不合适的，特别是对于女性来说，年龄通常是个秘密。故选B。 9．考查副词词义辨析。句意：永远不要问“你赚多少钱？”A. Never从不；B. Please请；C. Ever曾经；D. Usually通常。根据后文“It makes people uncomfortable. (这让人不舒服。)”可知，问别人赚多少钱会让人感觉不舒服，因此是不能问的。故选A。 10．考查连词词义辨析。句意：不要问陌生人有没有女朋友或男朋友。A. and并且（表并列）；B. with有（表伴随）；C. but但是（表转折）；D. or或者（表选择）。根据“have a girlfriend ... boyfriend (有女朋友……男朋友)”可知，这里是选择的关系，应使用连词“or”。故选D。 （B） Astronomy (天文学) is the oldest science known to man. Thousands of years ________ man looked at the stars and wondered about the heavens. But man was limited ________ what he could see with his eyes ________. The Greeks studied astronomy over 2000 years ago. They could see the size, color, and brightness of a star. They could see its ________ in the sky. They watched the stars move ________ the seasons changed. But the Greeks had no tools to help them study the heavens. Each new tool added to the field of astronomy helped man reach out ________ space. Until there were telescopes, man knew ________ about the moon. He did not know that the planet called Saturn (土星) had rings about it. His sight was ________ limited that he could not see all the planets. In the early 1700s, people thought there were ________ six planets. Pluto (冥王星), the last of the nine planets to be discovered was not seen until 1930. Before the spectroscope (分光器), man did not know what kind of gases were in the sun or in other stars. ________ the radio telescope (射电望远镜) we did not know that radio noises came from far out in space. Today, astronomy is a growing science. We have learned more in the last fifty years than in the whole history of astronomy. 11．A．later B．before C．ago D．time 12．A．because B．of C．to D．by 13．A．alone B．in himself C．for himself D．single 14．A．room B．space C．home D．place 15．A．when B．as C．after D．before 16．A．by B．in C．into D．for 17．A．many B．few C．a little D．little 18．A．too B．very C．such a D．so 19．A．only B．over C．more than D．not 20．A．With B．With the help of C．Having D．Without 【答案】 11．C 12．D 13．A 14．D 15．B 16．C 17．D 18．D 19．A 20．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文中介绍天文学的发展是一部观测仪不断进步的历史。 11．考查时间副词。句意：数千年前，人仰望星空，对天空充满好奇。A. later之后；B. before在……之前；C. ago前；D. time时间。根据后文“But man was limited ... (但是人被……限制)”可知，这是讲述数千年前天文学的情况。故选C。 12．考查介词。句意：但是人类的局限在于他仅凭眼睛所看到的东西。A. because因为；B. of……的；C. to到；D. by被。根据“But man was limited ... what he could see ... (但是人类被限制……他能看到的)”可知，人类被他能看到的所限制，横线上用介词引出前面动词的执行者，所以用by“被”。故选D。 13．考查副词。句意：但是人受到他的眼睛所能看到的东西的限制。A. alone独自，仅仅；B. in himself他自己；C. for himself为他自己；D. single单独。分析句子可知，横线上应是副词，表示仅仅用眼睛，所以应是副词alone“仅仅”。故选A。 14．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们可以看到它在天空中的位置。A. room房间。B. space太空；C. home家；D. place地方。根据“They could see its ... in the sky. (他们可以看到它在天空中的……。)”并结合所给的词可知，应是可以看到星星在天空中的位置。故选D。 15．考查连词词义辨析。句意：他们看着星星随着季节的变化而移动。A. when当……时；B. as随着；C. after在……后；D. before在……前。根据常识可知，星星是随着季节的变化移动位置。故选B。 16．考查介词词义辨析。句意：每个添加到天文学领域的新工具都帮助人伸入太空。A. by被；B. in在……里；C. into进入；D. for对于。分析句子可知，这里强调的是人类探索的目的地是进入到太空中，所以应是介词into。故选C。 17．考查副词。句意：在望远镜出现之前，人类对月球知之甚少。A. many许多，修饰可数名词；B. few很少，修饰可数名词；C. a little很少（修饰不可数名词，动词，副词）；D. little少，否定副词。分析句子可知，横线上的词修饰动词knew，根据句意可知，在望远镜出现之前，人类对月球知之甚少，与后文“不知道土星有环”呼应。所以应是“little”。故选D。 18．考查副词。句意：他的视线是如此有限，以至于他看不到所有星球。A. too太；B. very非常；C. such a如此；D. so如此。分析句子可知，此句含有结果状语从句，且横线后是形容词limited，所以应是“so ... that(如此……以至于)”。故选D。 19．考查副词。句意：在18世纪初，人们认为只有六个行星。A. only仅仅；B. over超过；C. more than超过；D. not没有。根据“Pluto, the last of the nine planets to be discovered was not seen until 1930. (冥王星，直到1930年才发现要发现的九个行星中的最后一个。)”可知，到1930年才发现到最后一个，所以在18世纪初，人们认为只有六个。故选A。 20．考查介词。句意：没有射电望远镜，我们就不知道广播声音来自遥远的太空中。A. With具有；B. With the help of在……帮助下；C. Having有；D. Without没有。根据“we did not know that radio noises came from far out in space (我们就不知道广播声音来自遥远的太空中)”可知，如果没有射电望远镜，我们就不知道广播声音来自遥远的太空中。故选D。 提升篇 一、完形填空(共10小题；每小题4分，满分40分） Poetry (诗歌) is the forgotten child of literature (文学). Few people read it for ___________. In Western high schools, poetry is ___________ taught because it is considered to be out of date and have little to do with the life of today’s students. In China, however, poetry is still an important part of the curriculum (课程). Recently, the Ministry of Education (教育部) has increased the ___________ of ancient Chinese poems, from 14 to 72, for students to memorize. ___________ is it important to learn poems? First of all, poetry is a ___________ part of learning traditional Chinese culture. It is a path to understanding our history and society. It is also the key to understanding the thoughts and feelings that common people have, which may be hard to express. Everyone has feelings of joy, love, loneliness, sadness and even anger. A good poem can put these feelings ___________ words and bring us self-understanding. Poems can also ___________ beauty. In a few short lines, even something common can ___________ beautiful. Of course, to really enjoy poetry, it has to be read ___________. After all, a poem is a song without music. Chinese students are so lucky to have ____________ poems to learn! 21．A．food B．pleasure C．health D．safety 22．A．hardly B．often C．usually D．always 23．A．object B．history C．number D．opinion 24．A．Where B．When C．Why D．Which 25．A．boring B．dangerous C．careful D．necessary 26．A．off B．out C．into D．up 27．A．express B．spend C．wake D．answer 28．A．taste B．burn C．smell D．become 29．A．suddenly B．aloud C．angrily D．heavily 30．A．fourteen B．fifty-eight C．seventy-two D．eighty-six 【答案】 21．B 22．A 23．C 24．C 25．D 26．C 27．A 28．D 29．B 30．C 【分析】文章大意：短文主要讲述了西方的高校认为诗歌对于现今的生活是过时的，但是中国教育部增加了学生学习诗歌的数量，他们认为学习诗歌是学习中国传统文化的必要部分。 21．句意：很少有人读它是为了取乐。 food食物；pleasure高兴、快乐；health健康；safety安全。根据上文“Poetry (诗歌) is the forgotten child of literature (文学).”诗歌是被文学遗忘的孩子。可知很少有人读它是为了取乐，故选B。 22．句意：在西方高校，诗歌几乎不被教授，因为它被认为是过时的，与今天的学生的生活没有什么关系。 hardly几乎不；often经常；usually通常；always总是。根据“because it is considered to be out of date and have little to do with the life of today’s students.”它被认为是过时的，与今天的学生的生活没有什么关系。可知西方高校几乎不教授诗歌，故选A。 23．句意：最近，教育部增加了供学生背诵的古诗数量，从14首增加到72首。 object目标；history历史；number数量；opinion意见。根据下文“from 14 to 72,”可知是增加了供学生背诵的古诗数量，故选C。 24．句意：为什么学诗很重要呢? where哪里；when何时；why为什么；which哪一个。根据下文“First of all, poetry is a … part of learning traditional Chinese culture.”可知此处是问原因的，故选C。 25．句意：首先，诗歌是学习中国传统文化的必要组成部分。 boring无聊的；dangerous危险的；careful仔细的；necessary必要的、必需的。根据下文“It is a path to understanding our history and society.”可知诗歌是学习中国传统文化的必要组成部分，故选D。 26．句意：一首好诗可以把这些感受融入进字里行间，给我们带来自我认识。 off离开；out向外；into到……里面；up向上。根据上文“Everyone has feelings of joy, love, loneliness, sadness and even anger.”每个人都有喜怒哀乐，有爱，有寂寞，有悲伤，甚至有愤怒。结合“A good poem can put these feelings … words and bring us self-understanding.”可知此处是指一首好诗可以把这些感受“融入”进字里行间，因此用into，故选C。 27．句意：诗也可以表达美。 express表达；spend花费、度过；wake醒来；answer回答、答复。根据下文“In a few short lines, even something common can … beautiful.”可知诗也可以表达美，故选A。 28．句意：在短短的几行文字中，普通的事情也可以变得美好。 taste尝起来；burn燃烧；smell闻起来；become变得。根据“In a few short lines, even something common can … beautiful.”结合语境，可知，甚至普通的事情都在诗歌中变得美好，故选D。 29．句意：当然，要真正欣赏诗歌，必须要大声朗读。 suddenly突然地；aloud大声地；angrily生气地；heavily沉重地。根据下文“After all, a poem is a song without music.”结合“Of course, to really enjoy poetry, it has to be read ….”可知，要真正欣赏诗歌必须要大声朗读，故选B。 30．句意：中国学生很幸运，可以学72首诗。 fourteen十四；fifty-eight五十八；seventy-two七十二；eighty-six八十六。根据上文提到教育部增加了供学生背诵的古诗数量，从14首增加到72首，结合“Chinese students are so lucky to have … poems to learn!”可知中国学生很幸运，有72首诗要去学，故选C。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 编写说明：2026年湖南省（对口招生）《英语45分钟训练卷》，依据湖南省对口招生考试历年英语考试真题与模拟试题分析编写。本专辑包括听力理解、词汇与语法、交际用语、完形填空、阅读理解、书面表达等6大高考题型。1-20卷为考点/题型专项训练卷，21-25卷为综合训练卷。 本试卷是2026年湖南省（对口招生）《英语45分钟训练卷》的第14卷，知识点包括完形填空（说明文）。 2026年湖南省（对口招生）《英语45分钟训练卷》 第14卷 完形填空（说明文） 考试时间：45分钟 满分：100分 班级 姓名 学号 成绩 基础篇 1、 完形填空 (共20小题；每小题3分，满分60分) （A） A small talk is a good way to kill time and make friends. If you travel to other countries, do you know what to say to start a small ________ with local people? In Britain, the best topic is the weather. British ________ changes quite often. It’s also a safe topic. You can start a small talk simply by ________ “It’s a lovely day today, isn’t it?” Besides the weather, it’s good to talk about gardens with English people. For example, ________ could say, “Those roses look really beautiful, don’t they?” English people love their pets. So it’s also nice to begin with “What a lovely ________! What is its name?” In America, people like to ________ sports, such as American football and basketball. They also talk about clothes by saying “It’s a nice shirt! Where did you get it?” The clothes are a ________ topic there, too. Of course, there are also a lot of topics to avoid during a small talk in Western countries. Don’t ask people “How old are you?” Age is usually ________, especially for women. ________ ask “How much money do you make?” It makes people uncomfortable. Don’t ask strangers whether they have a girlfriend ________ boyfriend. Politics or religion is not a good topic for two people who have just met, either. 1．A．lecture B．talk C．meeting D．lesson 2．A．weather B．people C．food D．clothes 3．A．speaking B．discussing C．saying D．reading 4．A．they B．I C．we D．you 5．A．day B．rose C．dog D．season 6．A．care about B．look about C．think about D．talk about 7．A．serious B．big C．safe D．moving 8．A．a topic B．a secret C．an opinion D．an answer 9．A．Never B．Please C．Ever D．Usually 10．A．and B．with C．but D．or （B） Astronomy (天文学) is the oldest science known to man. Thousands of years ________ man looked at the stars and wondered about the heavens. But man was limited ________ what he could see with his eyes ________. The Greeks studied astronomy over 2000 years ago. They could see the size, color, and brightness of a star. They could see its ________ in the sky. They watched the stars move ________ the seasons changed. But the Greeks had no tools to help them study the heavens. Each new tool added to the field of astronomy helped man reach out ________ space. Until there were telescopes, man knew ________ about the moon. He did not know that the planet called Saturn (土星) had rings about it. His sight was ________ limited that he could not see all the planets. In the early 1700s, people thought there were ________ six planets. Pluto (冥王星), the last of the nine planets to be discovered was not seen until 1930. Before the spectroscope (分光器), man did not know what kind of gases were in the sun or in other stars. ________ the radio telescope (射电望远镜) we did not know that radio noises came from far out in space. Today, astronomy is a growing science. We have learned more in the last fifty years than in the whole history of astronomy. 11．A．later B．before C．ago D．time 12．A．because B．of C．to D．by 13．A．alone B．in himself C．for himself D．single 14．A．room B．space C．home D．place 15．A．when B．as C．after D．before 16．A．by B．in C．into D．for 17．A．many B．few C．a little D．little 18．A．too B．very C．such a D．so 19．A．only B．over C．more than D．not 20．A．With B．With the help of C．Having D．Without 提升篇 一、完形填空(共10小题；每小题4分，满分40分） Poetry (诗歌) is the forgotten child of literature (文学). Few people read it for ___________. In Western high schools, poetry is ___________ taught because it is considered to be out of date and have little to do with the life of today’s students. In China, however, poetry is still an important part of the curriculum (课程). Recently, the Ministry of Education (教育部) has increased the ___________ of ancient Chinese poems, from 14 to 72, for students to memorize. ___________ is it important to learn poems? First of all, poetry is a ___________ part of learning traditional Chinese culture. It is a path to understanding our history and society. It is also the key to understanding the thoughts and feelings that common people have, which may be hard to express. Everyone has feelings of joy, love, loneliness, sadness and even anger. A good poem can put these feelings ___________ words and bring us self-understanding. Poems can also ___________ beauty. In a few short lines, even something common can ___________ beautiful. Of course, to really enjoy poetry, it has to be read ___________. After all, a poem is a song without music. Chinese students are so lucky to have ____________ poems to learn! 21．A．food B．pleasure C．health D．safety 22．A．hardly B．often C．usually D．always 23．A．object B．history C．number D．opinion 24．A．Where B．When C．Why D．Which 25．A．boring B．dangerous C．careful D．necessary 26．A．off B．out C．into D．up 27．A．express B．spend C．wake D．answer 28．A．taste B．burn C．smell D．become 29．A．suddenly B．aloud C．angrily D．heavily 30．A．fourteen B．fifty-eight C．seventy-two D．eighty-six 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $