06-专题六 动词的时态（正文）-【金牌中考总复习】2026年中考英语总复习

第一部分 语法专题训练 1 专题六 动词的时态 1 知识导图 2 考情归纳 3 考点诊断 4 考点梳理 5 课堂小测 2 专题六 动词的时态 知识导图 3 考点 中考（广东卷）近5年考点统计 1.一般现在时 2021 2.一般过去时 2020、2021、2022、2023、2024 3.一般将来时 2021 4.现在进行时 2023 5.过去进行时 2023 6.现在完成时 2021、2022 专题六 动词的时态 考情归纳 4 进入中考动词的时态考点学习前，我们先来进行该考点的自我诊断吧。 请阅读以下五个句子，并在句中将所有的动词时态用下划线标示出来。 1. With the help of teachers, we have made progress in the past three years. 2. He blew out all the candles in one go, hoping that the wish would come true. 专题六 动词的时态 考点诊断 5 3. Li Ling often stays up late to complete her homework. 4. Linda used to walk to school, but now she rides to school. 5. Look! Mr. Wu is telling a joke to make us laugh. 专题六 动词的时态 考点诊断 6 动词的时态指的是谓语动词用来表示动作或情况发生时的各种动词形式。 英语中一共有16种时态，但在初中阶段常考的时态有以下八种：一般现 在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、现在完成 时、过去完成时和过去将来时。考查重点集中在一般现在时在条件状语 从句和时间状语从句中的用法、终止性动词在现在完成时中不能与for、 since短语或从句连用，have been to与have gone to的用法以及在具体语 境中动词的用法等。 专题六 动词的时态 考点梳理 7 学习重点： 1. 掌握动词的八种基本时态的构成和用法（一般现在时、一般过去时、 一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、现在完成时、过去将来时和过 去完成时）。 2.掌握动词的五种基本形式：动词原形、一般现在时第三人称单数形式、 现在分词形式、动词的过去式和过去分词。 专题六 动词的时态 考点梳理 8 一般现在时 1.动词第三人称单数变化规则 规则 动词原形 第三人称单数形式 一般在词尾加-s（在清辅音后读/s/,在 浊辅音后读/z/；在t后读/ts/,在d后读 /dz/） playleave playsleaves 以字母s,x,ch,sh,o结尾的词加-es （读/iz/） passteachwish do passesteacheswishe sdoes 以辅音字母加y结尾的词,先变y为i,再 加-es（读/z/） studycarryfly studiescarriesflies 专题六 动词的时态 考点梳理 9 2.一般现在时的用法 用法 例子 （1）表示经常的或习惯性的动作， 常与表示频度的副词连用。常用的频 度副词有:always，often，usually， sometimes， seldom，hardly，never，once a week等。频度副词在句中通常放在 行为动词之前，系动词、助动词之后 He often goes swimming in summer. 他夏天经常游泳。 I usually leave home for school at 7 every morning. 每天早上我七点离开家去上学。 专题六 动词的时态 考点梳理 10 用法 例子 （2）表示现在存在的 状态 My father is at work. He is very busy. 我父亲在工作。他很忙。 The boy is twelve. 这男孩十二岁。 续表 专题六 动词的时态 考点梳理 11 用法 例子 （3）表示主语的爱 好，具备的性格、特征 和能力等 All my family love football. 我全家人都喜欢足球。 My sister is always ready to help others. 我妹妹总是乐于助人。 Ann does not speak English well. 安的英语说得不好。 续表 专题六 动词的时态 考点梳理 12 用法 例子 （4）表示客观真理、 客观存在或自然现象 The earth moves around the sun. 地球绕太阳转动。 Shanghai lies in the east of China. 上海位于中国东部。 续表 专题六 动词的时态 考点梳理 13 用法 例子 （5）主将从现，在时 间或条件状语从句中， 用一般现在时来表示将 来要发生的动作 I'll tell him the news when he comes back. 他回来时,我将告诉他这个消息。 If he comes back,I will talk with him. 如果他回来,我会和他谈谈。 续表 专题六 动词的时态 考点梳理 14 根据提示填写适当形式的单词，使句子完整。 1. Mrs. Green will take her children to the park if she _____（get） the tickets. 2. She said that the earth _______（travel） around the sun. gets travels 3. —How is your study tour？ —Very good， not only our headteacher but also we students ______ （speak） highly of it. speak 4. Patrick will call me as soon as he ________（reach） Shenzhen. reaches 专题六 动词的时态 考点梳理 15 一般过去时 1.动词过去式的规则变化 构成规则 动词原形 动词过去式 一般在动词原形末尾加-ed （在清辅音后读/t/；在浊辅音和 元音后读/d/；在/t/,/d/后读/id/） look play work looked played worked 结尾是e的动词在末尾加-d like live hope liked lived hoped 专题六 动词的时态 考点梳理 16 构成规则 动词原形 动词过去式 末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭 音节,先双写这个辅音字母,再加- ed plan stop drop planned stopped dropped 结尾是“辅音字母+y”的动词,先变 “y”为“i”，再加-ed study worry cry studied worried cried 注：不规则动词过去式参见九年级教科书P184~185“Irregular Verbs”。 续表 专题六 动词的时态 考点梳理 17 2.一般过去时的用法 用法 例子 （1）表示过去某个时间所发生的动作或 存在的状态。常和表示过去的时间状语 yesterday，last week，an hour ago，just now，the other day，in 1982等连用。在 一般过去时的句子中，要表达“过多少时 间之后”，一般用after Where did you go just now? 刚才你上哪儿去了？ After a few years,she started to play the piano. 几年后,她开始弹钢琴。 专题六 动词的时态 考点梳理 18 用法 例子 （2）表示在过去，经常或反复发生的动 作。常与often，always等表示频度的副 词连用 When I was a child,I often played football in the street. 当我是个孩子的时候,我常在 街上踢足球。 续表 专题六 动词的时态 考点梳理 19 单项选择。 1. My English ________ really poor before my teacher helped me.(2024·河北)( ) B A. is B. was C. has been D. will be 2. Although I ________ early this morning， I still arrived late because of the heavy traffic.(2024·武汉)( ) A A. left B. leave C. is leaving D. will leave 专题六 动词的时态 考点梳理 20 3. Emily ________ every night for a week before her maths test and got good grades.(2024·安徽)( ) C A. will study B. studies C. studied D. has studied 4. —Excuse me, look at the sign. You are not allowed to sit in the game area for kids. —Sorry, I ________ it. I will go somewhere else.(2024·陕西)( ) B A. haven't noticed B. didn't notice C. don't notice D. wasn't noticed 专题六 动词的时态 考点梳理 21 一般将来时 1.用“will+动词原形”来表达在将来某一时间要发生的动作或存在的状态； 当主语为第一人称时，will可用shall来替代。 2.用“be going to+动词原形”来表示打算、计划去做或不久将要发生的动 作。 专题六 动词的时态 考点梳理 22 3.常用的时间状语（标志词）：tomorrow（明天）；next week/year （下周/明年）；one day（有一天）；in two days（两天后）等。 eg.The Olympic Games will be held in four years. 奥运会将会在四年 后举行。 Lucy is going to go shopping this afternoon. 露丝打算今天下午去购物。 专题六 动词的时态 考点梳理 23 4.表示往来运动的某些短暂性动词，可用现在进行时表示将来时。这类 动词：arrive，come，go，leave，fly，move等。 eg.He is coming to see me next week. 他下星期将要来看我。 We are going on a field trip tomorrow. 我们明天将去野外考察。 We are leaving for/flying to London. 我们将要动身前往/飞去伦敦。 专题六 动词的时态 考点梳理 24 单项选择。 1. —Denny， the meeting ________ in five minutes. Why are you still sitting here？ —Sorry， I forget the time.(2024·石家庄)( ) B A. starts B. will start C. started D. has started 专题六 动词的时态 考点梳理 25 2. —Jane and I ________ a picnic this Sunday. Would you like to come with us? —Sure. See you then.(2024·天津)( ) D A. had B. have had C. were having D. are going to have 专题六 动词的时态 考点梳理 26 3. —What are you saving money for？ —Mother's Day is around the corner. I ________ a gift for my mother.(2024·贵州)( ) D A. bought B. was bought C. have bought D. am going to buy 专题六 动词的时态 考点梳理 27 4. There ________ an English speech this weekend online. Shall we watch it？(2024·江苏)( ) C A. are going to be B. is going to have C. will be D. will have 专题六 动词的时态 考点梳理 28 现在进行时 现在进行时的构成：am/is/are+动词的现在分词。 1.现在分词的变化规则 规则 原形 -ing形式 （1）一般在动词原形末尾加- ing listen spend stay listening spending staying 专题六 动词的时态 考点梳理 29 规则 原形 -ing形式 （2）以不发音字母e结尾的动 词,先去掉e,再加-ing have prepare close having preparing closing （3）以重读闭音节结尾的动词, 如果末尾只有一个辅音字母,应 先双写这个辅音字母,再加-ing sit begin run put sitting beginning running putting 续表 专题六 动词的时态 考点梳理 30 规则 原形 -ing形式 （4）以ie为重读音节结尾的动 词,把ie改为y,再加-ing lie die lying dying 续表 专题六 动词的时态 考点梳理 31 2.现在进行时的用法 用法 例子 （1）表示现在（指说话人说话时） 正在发生或进行的动作。常与now， right now，at this moment等时间状 语连用 We are waiting for you now. 我们正在等你。 （2）表示现阶段（说话前后一段时 间内），一直在进行的活动 He is doing homework from 7 to 9. 从七点到九点他一直在做作业。 专题六 动词的时态 考点梳理 32 用法 例子 （3）表示按计划或安排将要发生的 动作，如come，go，arrive，fly， move，leave，start，begin，return等 I'm leaving tomorrow. 明天我要走了。 The train is arriving soon. 火车要到了。 续表 专题六 动词的时态 考点梳理 33 单项选择。 1. Even children know it is impolite to talk loudly while others ________.( ) B A. work B. are working C. will work D. were working 2. I see Bob in the garden. He ________ flowers there. (2024·河北)( ) C A. waters B. has watered C. is watering D. was watering 专题六 动词的时态 考点梳理 34 3. —Robots can help us do some dangerous or dirty jobs today. It's so wonderful！ —Yes， people around the world ________ about 3.5 million robots.(2024·赣州)( ) C A. will use B. were using C. are using D. used 4. Look！ The teacher with her students ________ soccer on the playground.(2024·新疆)( ) B A. are playing B. is playing C. have played D. has played 专题六 动词的时态 考点梳理 35 过去进行时 1.过去进行时的构成：was/were+动词的现在分词（v.-ing）。 2.过去进行时的用法： 表示过去某一阶段或某一时刻正在进行的动作。常用的时间状语 （标志词）有：at that time；at this time yesterday；at nine o'clock last night；when I saw him等。 eg.At this moment yesterday，I was cleaning my room. 昨天的这个时 间，我正在打扫房间。 When I saw him，he was reading a book. 当我看见他时，他在看书。 专题六 动词的时态 考点梳理 36 单项选择。 1. At 4 o'clock yesterday afternoon, my father ________ for me outside the school gate. (2024·辽宁)( ) C A. waits B. waited C. was waiting D. is waiting 专题六 动词的时态 考点梳理 37 2. —Have you watched the news I shared with you on WeChat？ —Not yet. I ________ for information on my project the whole morning.(2024·萍乡)( ) B A. search B. was searching C. have searched D. will search 专题六 动词的时态 考点梳理 38 3. —Andy，I called you twice at 8 last night，but I didn't get through. —Sorry， I ________ my brother with homework at that time. (2024·宿州)( ) D A. help B. helped C. am helping D. was helping 4. —He didn't answer my phone just now. What was he doing？ —He ________ online classes.(2024·湖南)( ) C A. takes B. is taking C. was taking D. will take 专题六 动词的时态 考点梳理 39 现在完成时 1.现在完成时的构成：助动词have/has+动词的过去分词。 2.过去分词的构成：过去分词的规则变化与动词过去式的变化相同，在 动词词尾加-ed；不规则变化的过去分词见九年级教科书P184～ 185“Irregular Verbs”。 专题六 动词的时态 考点梳理 40 3.现在完成时的用法： 用法 例子 （1）表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对 现在造成的影响或结果，常与already， yet，ever，never，just，before， recently， over the years， in the past/last few days，so far，twice等词连 用 Have you ever cooked at home? 你在家煮饭吗？ You have already grown much taller. 你已经长高了许多。 专题六 动词的时态 考点梳理 41 用法 例子 （2）表示过去已经开始，持续到现在的 动作或状态，并可能还要延续。往往和表 示一段时间的时间状语连用，常用的有： for+一段时间；since+过去时间点或从 句。since 用来说明动作起始时间，for用 来说明动作延续的时间长度 It has been five years since he joined the army. 他参军五年了。 They have learned English for eight years. 他们已学了八年的英语了。 续表 专题六 动词的时态 考点梳理 42 4.运用现在完成时需注意的问题： （1）比较一般过去时与现在完成时。 一般过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或存在状态，不和现在产生联 系，常与具体的过去时间状语连用，如yesterday，last week， … ago， in 1980，in October，just now；现在完成时表示过去发生的某一动作对 现在造成的影响或结果，强调的是现在的情况，不能与表示过去的时间 状语连用。 专题六 动词的时态 考点梳理 43 I saw this film yesterday. 昨天我看了这场电影。（强调看的动作发生了） I have seen this film. 我已经看过这场电影。（强调对现在的影响，电影的内容已经知道了） He joined the Party three years ago. 他三年前入党。（强调加入的动作发生了） He has been a Party member for three years. 他成为一名党员三年了。（强调他是党员） 专题六 动词的时态 考点梳理 44 （2）have been to，have gone to和have been in 的区别。 ①have been to指去过、到过，暗含“已经回来了”的意思。 eg.He has been to Guangzhou. 他去过广州。（现在不在广州） ②have gone to指去某地了，强调“在去的途中”或“已经到达”。 eg.He has gone to Guangzhou. 他去了广州。（现在在广州或在去广州 的路上） ③have been in指去了，并且在那里待下来。 eg.He has been in Guangzhou for 2 days. 他待在广州两天了。 专题六 动词的时态 考点梳理 45 （3）短暂性动词和延续性动词之间的转化。 leave—be away（from） buy—have borrow/lend—keep die—be dead come/get（back）—be（back） open—be open close—be closed begin/start—be on become/get—be arrive in（at）/get to/reach—be here/there join the army—be in the army/be a soldier join the League—be in the League/be a League member marry/get married—be married 专题六 动词的时态 考点梳理 46 试比较： We bought the book three years ago. 我们三年前买了这本书。 We have had the book for three years. 我们买了这本书已经三年了。 I borrowed the book last week. 我上周借了这本书。 I have kept the book since last week. 我借这本书已经一周了。 His grandfather died two years ago. 他的祖父两年前去世了。 His grandfather has been dead for two years. 他的祖父去世已经两年了。 专题六 动词的时态 考点梳理 47 单项选择。 1. Li Dong and Zhang Ming ________ friends since they met in 2000. (2024·承德)( ) B A. made B. have been C. have made D. have become 专题六 动词的时态 考点梳理 48 2. —Lisa ________ for nearly two hours. She needs a rest now. —You're right. Let's go to talk with her.(2024·邯郸)( ) B A. studies B. has studied C. is studying D. was studying 3. I ________ Hongya Cave three times with my friends. We had a wonderful time there.(2024·陕西)( ) D A. has been to B. have gone to C. have been in D. have been to 专题六 动词的时态 考点梳理 49 4. —How is your grandmother？ —She ________ three years ago. She ________ for three years. (2024·长春)( ) A A. died； has been dead B. had died； has been dead C. has died； had died D. died； died 专题六 动词的时态 考点梳理 50 小语篇训练。(2023·江门二模改编) Rashad Conwell is a FedEx（联邦快递） driver. He . .1. . for eight years. He has known the people who . .2. . along his regular route（路线） in Tega Cay, South Carolina. 1. ( ) A. works B. worked C. has worked C 2. ( ) A. live B. lives C. lived A 专题六 动词的时态 考点梳理 51 On a Tuesday afternoon, as Rashad . .3. ., he saw smoke rising from the garden of a house. Knowing this family was usually at home during the day, Rashad . .4. . his truck and ran to the front door. 3. ( ) A. works B. was working C. is working B 4. ( ) A. stops B. stopped C. will stop B 专题六 动词的时态 考点梳理 52 When a woman opened the door, she thought Rashad was delivering a package（包裹）.Instead, to her surprise, “Ma'am, your house . .5. . on fire!” Rashad told her. Rashad helped her and her grandchild get out of the house within the shortest time. 5. ( ) A. is B. was C. were A 专题六 动词的时态 考点梳理 53 Randy, another man, working in the neighborhood saw the smoke and went to help John, one of the family members, escape from the room.“The house . .6. . at that time. It was so hot that I couldn't get away from the fire by myself.” John said.“If they hadn't helped me, I would have been in great danger. What a lucky dog!” 6. ( ) A. burns B. is burning C. was burning C 专题六 动词的时态 考点梳理 54 Thanks to Rashad and Randy, all of the family were saved. Although their home was a complete mess, they . .7. . lucky to be alive. When the reporter interviewed them, they said, “ If we meet this situation again, we . .8. . a hand to the people in need.” Their act of kindness and bravery encourages more people to move on. 7. ( ) A. feel B. felt C. is feeling B 8. ( ) A. give B. gave C. will give C 专题六 动词的时态 考点梳理 55 一、语法选择。（共10小题，每小题1分，共10分） A father and his son were happy when flowers . .1. . everywhere and the sky was full of all kinds of colourful kites. It was the . .2. . Festival in Weifang,Shandong. The son wanted to fly a kite, too. The father bought a kite . .3. . him. 1. ( ) A. are seen B. were seen C. saw B 2. ( ) A. Spring B. Water C. Kite A 3. ( ) A. to B. for C. in B 专题六 动词的时态 课堂小测 56 The son began to fly . .4. . kite. Soon, his kite was high up in the sky. After a while, the son said,“Father， . .5. . seems that the string （绳子） is stopping the kite from flying higher. If we cut it, it will be free and fly even . .6. .. Can we cut it?” The father cut the string off. 4. ( ) A. a B. an C. the C 5. ( ) A. it's B. it C. its B 6. ( ) A. high B. higher C. highest B 专题六 动词的时态 课堂小测 57 The kite . .7. . to go higher. This made the little boy excited. But then, slowly, the boy saw that the kite began to fall down. It soon fell to the ground. The son was surprised . .8. . this. He asked his father, “I thought that after we cut the string, the kite would fly higher. 7. ( ) A. started B. starts C. is starting A 8. ( ) A. see B. to see C. to seeing B 专题六 动词的时态 课堂小测 58 Tell me . .9. . it fell down.” The father explained, “The string was not stopping the kite from going higher, but was helping it stay in the sky. Using the string, you helped the kite go up in the right direction. But when you cut the string, it . .10. . no longer support the kite.” We may sometimes feel like there are certain things that are holding us back and stopping us from growing. But in fact, these might be the things that support us the most. 9. ( ) A. why B. when C. how A 10. ( ) A. must B. could C. should B 专题六 动词的时态 课堂小测 重点知识积累（英汉互译）: 1. 各种各样____________ 2. be full of______ 3. 阻止某人做某事______________________ 4. in fact________ all kinds of 充满 stop sb.from doing sth. 事实上 专题六 动词的时态 课堂小测 60 二、完形填空。（共10小题，每小题1分，共10分） A boy was on his way home from a beach trip with his sister. His sister looked at a doll inside a toy store's window. He told her that he would . .11. . the doll for her. She was happy. The boy . .12. . the store and asked the shopkeeper, “How much is that doll?” The shopkeeper asked, “Well, how much can you pay?” 11. ( ) A. make B. buy C. draw D. borrow B 12. ( ) A. closed B. left C. entered D. ran C 专题六 动词的时态 课堂小测 61 The boy gave all the seashells（贝壳） that he had collected from the . .13. . to the shopkeeper. The shopkeeper took them and started counting as if he were counting . .14. .. Then the boy asked, “Are they enough?” The shopkeeper said, “In fact, they're more than enough.” He . .15. . four of the seashells and gave the rest back to the boy. 13. ( ) A. beach B. market C. store D. park A 14. ( ) A. eggs B. gifts C. coins D. days C 15. ( ) A. painted B. lost C. found D. kept D 专题六 动词的时态 课堂小测 62 The boy happily took the seashells back and left with his . .16. . and her new doll. The shopkeeper's wife was . .17. .. She asked the shopkeeper, “Why did you do that? That doll . .18. . costs more than four seashells.” 16. ( ) A. mother B. sister C. cousin D. friend B 17. ( ) A. tired B. sorry C. afraid D. surprised D 18. ( ) A. certainly B. widely C. seriously D. hopefully A 专题六 动词的时态 课堂小测 63 “To us, they're just seashells. But to that boy, they're very . .19. .,” the shopkeeper replied. “When he . .20. ., he'll remember that he once bought a doll for his sister with seashells. It might remind him that there are generous（慷慨的） and kind people in the world. And perhaps, he will be generous and kind to others, too.” 19. ( ) A. beautiful B. smart C. valuable D. expensive C 20. ( ) A. gets up B. grows up C. wakes up D. catches up B 专题六 动词的时态 课堂小测 64 重点知识积累（英汉互译）: 1. 给回____________ 2. as if ______ 3. 对……友好___________ 4. buy … for__________ give back to 好像 be kind to 买……给 专题六 动词的时态 课堂小测 65 66 $