Unit 5 Poems Period 4 Learning About Language—Discovering Useful Structures教学设计-2025-2026学年高中英语人教版选择性必修第三册

Teaching and Learning Design Book3 Unit5 Poems 教学设计 Period 4 Teaching and learning contents: Learning About Language—Reviewing useful structures Comprehensive teaching and learning objectives: By the end of this period, the students will have been able to: 1) Review relative clauses and how to use relative pronouns and adverbs; 2) Practise using relative clauses in contexts by completing some exercises. Teaching and learning important points: 1) Reviewing relative clauses and how to use relative pronouns and adverbs; 2) Practising using relative clauses in contexts by completing some exercises. Teaching and learning difficult points: 1) Reviewing relative clauses and how to use relative pronouns and adverbs; 2) Practising using relative clauses in contexts by completing some exercises. Teaching and learning procedure: Step 1 Leading in and revision Activity 1 Leading in and revision Lead in the teaching and learning topic by introducing the learning objectives of this period. Step 2 Reviewing useful structures Activity 2 Reviewing useful structures Review relative clauses and how to use relative pronouns and adverbs. Get the students to read the grammar explanation in the reference book, underline the key points and find out their difficult points about relative clauses in class or before class. And then the teacher guides the students to review the grammar item. I. 定语从句的概念：定语从句（也称关系从句、形容词性从句），是指一类由关系词（relative word）引导的从句，因为这类从句的句法功能多是做定语，所以曾被称为定语从句（attributive clause），这类从句除了可以做定语之外，还可以充当状语等其他成分，所以现代语言学多使用“关系从句”这一术语。 II. 定语从句的结构：在英语中，关系从句的句法功能主要是充当句子中的定语。关系从句通常位于它所修饰的词（组）之后。被关系从句修饰的词（组）叫做先行词（antecedent），引导关系从句的词称为关系词，关系词指代先行词，并在关系从句中充当一定的成分。 e.g. This is the book which interests me. “which interests me”是关系从句，修饰先行词“book”，而关系词“which”指代先行词“book”并在关系从句中充当主语。这句话可以拆分为两个句子来理解：“This is the book.”和“The book interests me.”。 III. 定语从句的分类：关系从句有限制性关系从句（restrictive relative clause或defining relative clause）和非限制性关系从句（non-restrictive relative clause/non-defining relative clause）之分。限制性关系从句起限定作用，修饰特定的名词或名词短语，描述主句所涉及的人或物的具体情况，是主句不可缺少的一部分；限制性关系从句的关系词包括：that, which, who, whom, whose, as等；如省去，主句意义不完整或失去意义。而非限制性关系从句只起补充说明某种信息的作用；非限制性定语从句的关系词包括：which, who, whom, whose, as等；如省去，主句意义仍完整。 e.g. The government which promises to cut taxes will be popular.（限制性关系从句） The government, which promises to cut taxes, will be popular.（非限制性关系从句） IV. 关系词的使用 关系代词 that 指物或人 在从句中作主语或宾语 which 指物 在从句中作主语或宾语 who 指人 在从句中作主语或宾语 whom 在从句中作宾语 whose 指人和物 在从句中作定语 as 指物 在从句中作主语 关系副词 when 指时间 在从句中作时间状语 where 指地点 在从句中作地点状语 why 指原因 在从句中作原因状语 V. 注意事项 1. 关系代词that和which的用法区别 1)只用that的情况： ①先行词是all, much, few, little, everything, anything, something, nothing, none等不定代词时； ②先行词被any, few, little, much, some, no等词修饰或被the only, the very, the same, the last等修饰时； ③先行词是形容词的最高级或先行词前有形容词最高级修饰时； ④先行词是序数词或先行词前有序数词对其进行修饰时； ⑤先行词既指人又指物时； ⑥主句是who或which等引出的特殊疑问句时； ⑦先行词在主句中作表语或关系词在从句中作表语时。 e.g. Is there anything (that) I can do for you? All (that) I want is your advice. There is nothing that can be done. The first thing (that) we need to do is to work out a plan. That was the best film (that) I have ever seen. There were no trees on Antarctica and no oil, so the only fuel (that) we could use was animal fat. What is the main environmental issue (that) you want to address? Which of those books that are on the desk belongs to you? 2)只用which的情况： ①在非限制性定语从句中用which不用that； ②介词后边用which不用that。 e.g. However, that was small fry compared with the city’s Circus Maximus, which accommodated around 250,000 people. 然而，与该市的马克西姆斯马戏团相比，这只不过是小巫见大巫，该马戏团可容纳约25万人。 It happened that the plant downtown needed eight kids for temporary help during our spring break,，for which I had no plans beyond listening to my favorite records. 2. “介词+which/whom”引导的定语从句 1) 当“介词+ which”在定语从句中作时间、地点和原因状语时，可以用相应的关系副词when, where和why来替换。关系副词when在从句中通常作时间状语，可用“介词 + which”来替换。关系副词where在从句中通常作地点状语，也可用“介词 + which”来替换。关系副词 why在从句中通常作原因状语，可用for which来替换。 e.g. I will never forget the day when / on which I joined the Communist Youth League. Is this the village where / in which the famous scientist was born? Sarah didn’t give the reason why / for which she was late for school again. 2) 在“介词 + which / whom”引导的定语从句中， which用于指物， whom用于指人。 注意：“介词+ which / whom”引导定语从句时，介词的选用和它前面的先行词或它后面的从句中的谓语动词的搭配有关。 e.g. This is the teacher from whom we’ve learnt a lot. (from和先行词the teacher构成搭配) The material of which the table was made was very expensive. (of和was made构成搭配) 3. as和which引导的非限制性定语从句的区别 1) as 引导非限制性定语从句时,修饰整句话或整件事。可放在主句前、中、后，as常意为“正如……,正像……”。从句的谓语动词多为see, know, expect, say, mention, report等 2) which引导非限制性定语从句时，修饰整句话或整件事也可修饰先行词。只能置于主句后，常意为“这一点、这件事”等，which引导的从句与主句之间常含有并列或因果关系。 e.g. As you see, the students in our school are always hard-working. 如你所见，我们学校的学生总是很用功。 Last week, we took the foreign students to experience the authentic tea culture, which turned out to be extremely rewarding. 上周，我们带领外国学生体验了正宗的茶文化，这一点结果证明非常值得。 Step 3 Using the structures Activity 3 Using the structures (exercises in the textbook) 1. Connect the sentences using relative pronouns or adverbs. Then put the sentences in the correct order to compose a passage. Answers: 1) The Crescent Moon (《新月集》) is perhaps the most famous collection of children’s poems that is known to people in China. 2) There are also many poems written from a child’s perspective (,) in which the poet Tagore shows a sympathetic understanding of children’s feelings. 3) The English version of the book contains nearly 50 poems, the focus of which is on the parent-child relationship. 4) The initial poems were written from the perspective of a mother (,) who loves her baby at play and at rest, in laughter and in tears. 5) The reason why many people love to read this collection of poems is that they can feel the warmth of love and enjoy the innocence of childhood. 6) It was written by the Indian poet Tagore, who was the first Asian to win the Nobel Prize in Literature. Correct order: 1)—5)—3)—4)—6)—2) Learn about the new words: 1) version n. 变体，版本；（从不同角度的）描述，说法；改编形式 e.g. There are two versions of the game, a long one and a short one. 这游戏有两个版本，一长一短。 This is the latest version of the software package. 这是软件包的最新版本。 She gave us her version of what had happened that day. 她向我们描述了她认为那天发生的事情。 The English version of the novel is due for publication next year. 这部小说的英文译本预定明年出版发行。 2) sympathetic adj.同情的；有同情心的；赞同的 sympathy n.同情；赞同 be sympathetic to/towards 对……有同情心/赞同 show/feel/have/express sympathy for 同情/体恤…… in sympathy with 赞同；支持 out of sympathy with 不赞成；不支持 e.g. She was very sympathetic to/towards the problems of adult students. 她对成年学生的问题很同情。 I’m writing to express my sympathy for your falling ill during your stay in Beijing. 你在北京突然生病，我写信深表同情。 Mrs Meredith had sympathy for the poor, so she would bring food and medicine to them whenever she had time. Meredith太太同情穷人,因此每当她有时间的时候,她都会给他们带来食物和药品 Even though David couldn’t run fast due to his body disability, we all were in sympathy with his joining in the running race. 3) innocence n. 清白；天真无邪；无罪的人 innocent adj. 无辜的，无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的；无知的 e.g. This new evidence will prove their innocence. 这一新的证据将证明他们的清白。 Children lose their innocence as they grow older. 儿童随着年龄的增长而失去其天真。 She was found innocent of any crime. 她获判无罪。 He is still an innocent young child. 他还是个天真无邪的小孩子 All those wounded were innocent victims. 所有伤者都是无辜的受害人。 2. Read the introduction about the Brownings. Help the author edit the passage to make it more concise, using relative clauses if necessary. Suggested answers: If you study the history of English literature, you will find the names of Robert and Elizabeth Barrett Browning, who were one of the most romantic literary couples of the Victorian era. Elizabeth Barrett started to write poetry from about the age of six. In 1844, Elizabeth’s Poems brought her great success and also attracted the admiration of poet Robert Browning. Browning fell in love with her poetry and then they entered into personal correspondence. The couple exchanged many letters, which obviously helped sow the seeds of love between the two. Elizabeth had been ill for many years. She stayed at home and almost never saw visitors. Browning was sure about his love, so he found a way to visit her, and immediately convinced her to become his bride. However, their subsequent marriage was carried out in secret because her father was a dominant and selfish man who would refuse to let his daughter go. The couple moved to Italy in 1846, where Elizabeth lived for the rest of her life. Browning had a great influence on Elizabeth’s writing. The best evidence that can be found is Sonnets from the Portuguese that were written during the time when she was in love with Robert Browning. Learn about the new words: 1) era n. 时代；年代；时期 2) correspondence n.来往信件；通信联系 correspond vi.相一致；符合；相当于;通信 correspondent n.记者；通信员 in correspondence with　 与……一致；与……有通信联系 correspond with sb. 和某人通信 correspond to/with sth. 与某物相一致;符合 correspond to sth. 类似于；相当于 e.g. I have been corresponding with him since we graduated from college. The editor welcomes correspondence from readers on any subject.编辑欢迎读者就任何问题来信。 Only when we make our actions correspond with/to our words can we win the trust of others. 只有言行一致，我们才能赢得他人的信任。 3) sow (sowed, sown) vt.& vi. 播（种），播种于 vt. 灌输；激起；散布；煽动 e.g. Sow the seeds in rows. 一垄一垄地播种。 The fields around had been sown with wheat. 周围的地里种上了小麦。 4) dominant adj.首要的；占支配地位的；显著的 dominate v.支配；控制 e.g. The biggest input in our economy and the dominant cost is energy. 我们经济中最大的投入和主要成本是能源。 The accumulating assessment plays the dominant status in primary English teaching. 累积性评价在小学英语教学中占据主导地位。 5) seed n. 种子；起源；萌芽 3. Describe your favourite Chinese poets using sentences that contain relative clauses. An example: Bai Juyi was one of the greatest Chinese poets who ever lived. He was born during the mid-Tang Dynasty, which was a period of rebuilding and recovery for the Tang Empire. Activity 4 Using the structures (exercises in the reference book) Complete the grammar exercises in the reference book and check the answers. Step 4 Evaluation and summary Activity 5 Self-evaluation Guide the students to reflect on their learning of this period by considering the following aspects. 1. How is your mastery of relative clauses? (Good/Fairly good/Moderate/Just so so/Poor) 2. What are your problems with this grammar item—relative clauses? Activity 6 Summary (The teacher) Guide the students to summarize the how to use relative pronouns and adverbs in the relative clauses. Homework: 1. Complete the (grammar) exercises in RB and TB. 2. Read the grammar explanations in the reference book to consolidate the grammar item. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $