主题语境21 重要国际组织与社会公益机构-【创新教程】2027年高考英语总复习大一轮讲义（话题版）

高考总复习英语(H) 主题语境21重要国际组织与社会公益机构 话题与教材 人教版 选择性必修第四册：UNIT4 SHARING 语基验收~复盘共赢 Part1分类识记单词 一用时少·功效高 5.mission n. 阅读单 9.profound adj. 1.charity n. 6.partner n. 10.shot n. 2.conflict n. 7.permanent adj. 11.sponsor n. 知 3.contract n. 8.plus adj. vt. 4.lifelong adj. prep. 12.toll n. n.[C] 记准记牢] [用准用活] 选用左栏单词的正确形式填空 n.账，账目；账户，账号；叙述；报 1.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)The loss of what travel 告；解释 would be unacceptable in today's n.活动 world. adj.同样的；相像的ado.很相 2.He is bound up in his work which is bound up 似地 with the of the community. adj.可获得的；可找到的；有空的； 3.The police asked him to give a brief 可利用的 of what had happened. 5. adj.每天的；日常的 4.By the way,if you are we'll meet at 6. u.(主动)提出：自愿给予 心 three outside the school gate. n.项目，工程 5.(2024·1月浙江卷)How about incorporating 词 8. n.计划，方案；活动安排.计划， some physical into your daily routine? 练其 规划，安排 6.(2024·全国甲卷)If your supermarket sells 9 adj.当地的n.当地人 loose produce,then buying smaller is 10. n.模特；模型；范例ut.将…做 easier. 成模型 7.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)With so many online 11. adj.全国性的；遍及全国的adu. featuring the same places,it's easy to feel 在全国 like you're missing out. 12. n.邮件；职位；柱子帖子v.邮 8.The chairman declared for suspending the deci- 寄；发帖 sion to increase the employees' n.数量；数额 9.This designed to help landless people 13. 14. n.工资；薪水 just didn't work out as planned. n.福利；福祉，幸福 10.The twins look so that it is even not easy 15. for their grandparents to distinguish them. ·176 主题群五 历史、社会与文化 [记准记牢 [用准用活 t.(通过努力)完成；实现(achieve) 用括号内单词的正确形式填空 n.[C]成就；[U]完成 1.(2024·1月浙江卷)..any passer--by can 2. u.安排→ n.安排；约定 “borrow”a book from its shelves return it 3 U.使联合；联想；联系；交往→ later,or replace it with another title from their own (collect). n.协会；关联 2.They made a generous (donate)to t.阐明，澄清（思想、问题等）；净化 charity and won people's respect. n.澄清；说明；净化 3.To become a (qualify)volunteer,I 0t.收集；采集→ n.[C]募 have made good preparations in advance,try- 捐；募集的钱；[U]收集；采集 ing to know as much as I could about my city, 6 u.描写；描述；形容；叙述→ Tianjin. n.描写；描述；形容；叙述 4.If you turn a deaf ear to my t.使（某人）残废；使…丧失能力 (warn),you'll end up in trouble. 5.They were so busy that they had no time to adj.有残疾的；丧失能力的→ make (arrange)for the activity. n.缺陷；障碍 6.He's the president of a large international t.分配；分发→ n.分配；分 (organize). 发；分布状态 7.Organic fruits and vegetables (typ- 拓 9 i.&.ut.划分；分割；分配；除以；使产 ical)cost more than conventional ones. 生分歧 n.分开；分配；[U]除法；分 8.(2024·全国甲卷)You should feel 词 裂：分歧；差异 (satisfy)at the end of a meal,but not too full. 用 10 vt.捐赠→ n.捐赠；捐献→ 9.The world (distribute)of wealth 其活 n.捐赠者 and income is highly unequal. 11. adj立刻的；马上的n.瞬间；片刻→ 10.The (divide)between the various adu.立即；马上comj.一…就… classes of society are not so sharply marked 12. ot.组织；安排；规划→ as they used to be. n.组织；机构；团体 11.Unless he and his wife both work,they 13. adj.可能的→ adu.可能 can't (possible)make ends meet. 地→ n.可能性；可能；可能的办法 12.The new job is a promote) for him. 14. 0.增进，促进；提升；宣传，推广，推 13.(2024·北京卷)Franz Boas's (de- 销（商品等）→ n.增进；提升 scribe)of Inuit(因纽特人)life in the 19th 15. ut.使具备资格→ adi.合 century illustrates the probable moral code of 格的；称职的→ n.资格；资格证书 early humans. 16. ut.使满意→ adj.令人满 14.Now we aim to try to help provide new 意的→ adj.满意的→ treatment for these severely (disa- n.满足 ble)patients. n.种类；典型v.打字；将…分类 15.Fortunately somebody who happened to be pass- 17. ing by called the fire department (in adj.典型的；有代表性的 stant)the fire broke out. adu.典型地；一般地 16.The study shows that there is a close 18 u.警告；告诫→ n.警告； (associate)between smog and lung 告诫 cancer. ·177 高考总复习英语(H) 》上串下联·规律探寻 Ile形容词变为ly的副词大荟萃 “支持，反对”表立场 ①possible-→possibly ①support n.&.ut. 支持 ②flexible-→flexibly ②in favour of 支持 ③probable-→probably ③approve u. 赞成 ④comfortable→comfortably ④oppose u. 反对 ⑤stable-→stably ⑤argue against 反对 ⑥gentle-→gently ⑥be against 反对 Part2分组背练短语 一不枯燥·兴趣高 先记牢 再用准 ●[第一组]汉译英 选用左栏短语的正确形式填空 完成；实行：执行 1.I'm writing to have a brief introduction of Beijing 2. 消除；分解：打破；（身体）垮掉； Opera your request. (机器)损坏；（谈判）失败 2.Do you think shopping online will finally 3. 吸收；理解；欺骗 shopping in stores? 作为对…的回应 3.Having enough data in hand,we can set out to 回忆；回顾 代替 our plan as scheduled. 6. 4. the past,I regretted I ●[第二组]英译汉 had wasted so much wonderful time. 1.in practice 5.It was the bright smile on her face that 2.take notice of my feeling of embarrassment,so we began 3.make a list of talking happily. 4.at one time 6.The more fat you before bedtime, 5.with/have a history of the greater burden you will put on your body at 6.have an effect on/upon night. 上串下联·规律探寻 “in十n,十to”短语总动员 at时间短语小结 ①in response to 作为…的回应 ①at one time 曾经；一度 ②in contrast to 与…相比 ②at times 有时 ③in preference to 优先于 ③at a time 一次 ④in regard to 关于，对于 ④at present 现在；目前 ⑤in addition to 除…外 ⑤at any moment 很快，随时 ⑥in reply to 对…回复 ⑥at the beginning of 在…开始时 Part3句式教材迁移 汇教材·背典句 句型公式 融汇教材 “疑问词+-ever”引导 (无论什么时候面对困难)，I always tell 的从句 myself,“Don't let anything stop you.Don't ever quit.”(人教必一UNIT1TEEN- AGE LIFE) if的省略结构 These bad habits, (如果任其发展)，could lead to more seri- ous ones when they become adults.(人教选三UNIT2 HEALTHY LIFESTYLE) ·178· 主题群五历史、社会与文化 考点精研~高效练通 Part 1 核心词汇·多维练透 1.conflict n.冲突，矛盾 conflict with 与…冲突或抵触 3Are trade and environment conflict? in conflict 冲突中；有矛盾；不一致 [二维写美]一应用文写作之道歉信 in conflict with 和…冲突；同…相冲 ④在一个团队中你如何解决矛盾？ 突；与…有冲突 How do you resolve conflict 解决冲突 [三维学考对接]一典句赏析 [一维练透]一用适当的介、副词填空 ⑤(2023·全国乙卷)The clearest example of DHow do you handle your conflict this between literate and non-literate history is your colleagues in your work? perhaps the first conflict... ②Your statement is conflict with the 在文化和非文化历史之间最明显的例子可能是 rest of the evidence. 第一次冲突… 2.quantity n.数量；数额 a large/small quantity of 大量的/少量的 3Large quantities of desserts (large)quantities of 大量的 (consume)by the madam,who receives more cal- in quantity/in large quantities大量地 ories than necessary. [名师点津](I)“a quantity of+名词”作主语 时，谓语动词用单数；(2)“quantities of十名词” [二维写美]一应用文写作之环境保护 作主语时，谓语动词用复数。 ④Our government spent [一维练透]一单句语法填空 in stopping pollution. DA large quantity of books 我们的政府花费了大量的金钱来治理污染。 (contribute)to the children in the countryside [三维学考对接]一单句语法填空 since then. 2As a result of destroying the forests,a large ⑤(2024·1月浙江卷)If most of their custom quantity of desert cover)the ers are happy to buy larger (quantity), land in the last few years. that's what they'll promote. 3.associate v.使联合；联想；联系；交往 (l)associate..with..使…与…联系起来 [二维写美]—应用文写作之学校生活 associate with sb.与某人交往/联系 ③做一名英语协会的志愿者不仅会丰富我的生 (2)association n.协会；关联 活，而且从长远来看对我有很大的好处。 in association with与…联合/有关联 Acting as will not (3)associated adj. 相关联的，有联系的 only enrich my life,but also be of great benefit be associated with和…有关 to me in the long run. [一维练透]一单句语法填空 [三维学考对接]一典句赏析 ①If you associate positive-thinking ④(2023·全国乙卷)Once in a while I meet people,you are definitely going to achieve suc- friends there,and I spend a lot of time organi- cess. zing activities in different clubs or associations. ②We are working association with a 我偶尔会在那里遇到朋友，我会花很多时间在不 local company to raise money for the homeless. 同的俱乐部或协会组织活动。 4.carry out完成；实行；执行 carry on 继续做，坚持干 2He is a responsible person and can be trusted carry on with sth.继续某事 to carry the plan. carry on doing sth.继续做某事 3Whatever the difficulty,he decided to carry [一维练透]—单句语法填空 on the "Rural Rehabilitation Pro- ①If you carry on (work)like that,you gramme'”. will break down sooner or later. ·179 高考总复习英语(H) [二维写美]一应用文写作之演讲稿 [三维学考对接]一典句赏析 ④尽管条件极其困难，但我们必须坚持下去，直 5In the final chapter of part one,I'll guide you 到成功。 through carrying out your own digital declutter. in spite of the ex- 在第一部分的最后一章中，我将指导您完成您自 tremely difficult conditions. 己的数字整理。 5,break down消除：分解：打破；（身体）垮掉；（机器）损坏；（谈判）失败 break away (from) 挣脱（束缚）；脱离 5The truck my dad drove often broke down on break up 驱散；分散；打碎： the way,which made my dad in trouble. (婚姻或关系)结束， 破裂 [一维练透]（二）—用适当的介，副词填空 break into 闯入 6The whole telephone system broke break out 爆发；发生 because of the sudden big earthquake. break through 取得突破；克服 ⑦The girl broke away her mother and [一维练透]（一）一写出下列句中break down ran away. 的含义 DEncouraged by his teacher,William broke 8It was reported that an earthquake broke down his feeling of shyness and came up to the in Japan last night. platform,reaching his poem. 9The robbers had planned to break 2You should break down your methods so that the bank to take away money,but failed. each method does a particular task. [二维练透]—应用文写作之佳句 3The peace talks broke down with no agree- ⑩一个冬季的下午，我的旧车在回家的路上抛 ment reached. 锚了。 Her health broke down under the pressure of One afternoon,in winter,my old car work. Part 2 经典句式·写作迁移 1.“疑问词+-ever”引导的从句 (教材对接)Filled with anger,you tend to say whatever comes to your mind..(内心)充满愤怒，你往往会 想到什么就说什么。（外研必三Unit 1 Knowing me,knowing you) 本句是whatever引导的宾语从句。 [写作迁移]—微写作 whatever一类词引导的从句： ①我和朱莉娅之间发生的一切都与你无关。 (1)这类词既可以引导名词性从句，也可以引导 between Julia and me is 让步状语从句，而“no matter十疑问词”只能 引导让步状语从句。 none of your business. (2)whatever,whichever,whoever,whomever ②他非常喜欢阅读。他不管去哪里，都随身带一 导让步状语从句在句子中可以作主语、宾语 本书。 和表语，而wherever,whenever,however引 导让步状语从句，只能在句子中作状语，分别 He liked reading very much; 表示地点、时间和方式。 he took a book with him. 2.if的省略结构 (教材对接)So what is the difference between them,if any?那么，如果这些名称之间有区别的话，区 别何在？（人教必二UNIT4 HISTORY AND TRADITIONS if ever 如果有过/发生过的话 是这样的话)，we have a vacancy in our team if so 如果这样的话 which would suit you. if not 如果不这样的话 2Correct the errors in the following sentences, if necessary 如果有必要的话 (如果有的话). 3If we can do that,we can keep up with the if possible 如果有可能的话 times. (如果不这样的话)，we would [写作迁移]一微写作 always fall behind. ①（天津卷）Would you like the opportunity to 4The climate here is quite pleasant,the temper- earn extra cash close to home? (如果 ature rarely, (如果有过的话)，reaching 30℃in summer. ·180· 主题群五历史、社会与文化 提能加餐~素养培优 [培优1] 多维练通活运用 一、阅读障碍破除 2Hunters bring in more than 300,000 nutria tails 1.熟词生义 a year,so part of Mouton's job these days is 快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的含义 trying to promote fur. 1.He said that developed countries had a responsi- 3Technological innovations,combined with good bility to foster global economic growth to help marketing,will promote the sales of these prod- new democracies((新兴民主国家). ucts. 2.The worker can programme the machine not to DThe girl was promoted to editor and then editori- al director because of her great contributions. turn on at certain times. 3.Have you kept in touch with your financial spon- 二、语境创新应用 sor to go to the bank to loan the money? 文中加黑词汇为本话题中的重点词汇 Mr.Lee had been a barber for many years be- 4.But as other shops fold,the march of the super- fore he was hit by a car when riding a bike.He stores continues. had a close encounter with death and the accident 5.Paul Weller has announced a full British tour to had a profound effect 1. him.He suf- promote his second album. fered a lot.Thanks to his outgoing personality,fi- Ⅱ.一词多义 nally he recovered.He 2. (feel)it was 根据语境选出加黑词汇的词性和词义 his mission to make people obey the traffic rules. 1.contract He 3. (apply)for a post as a policeman A.n.合同；契约B.t缩小；使收缩C.t.感 but got refused,because he wasn't 4. 染（疾病）D.t.与…订立合同（契约） (qualify)for the job.However,he 5. (al- low)to be a temporary rather than permanent DThe exercise consists of stretching and contrac- worker.Mr.Lee signed 6. contract, ting the leg muscle. though now he doesn't earn much.Mr.Lee reali- 2Unluckily,the doctor contracted a virus when he zes that it's essential for everyone 7. (re- performed an operation on an old lady. spect)the traffic rules.Every day,Mr.Lee takes 3The footballer is contracted to play for Zhengda up his place in the street 8. (direct)the Club until September. traffic.Some people 9. pass by take no- DAre you interested in becoming a musician and tice of him,and with time going by,they take it getting a recording contract? for granted 10. Mr.Lee does this.Some- 2.promote times,he helps the elderly or kids cross the street A..晋级B.t.促进C.l.提升D.u.推销 and they are grateful to him.In response to his work,people who often pass by the crossroads DShe worked hard and was soon promoted to man- never break the rules.In practice,the toll here has ager. dropped to zero. [培优2]高考语篇培素养 Topic:巡回医疗服务，惠及当地人 ◆真题文本 ◆真题再做 (2024·全国甲卷)The Saint Lukas train doesn't accept passengers it accepts only the sick.The Saint Lukas is one of five government- 1.How is the Saint Lukas differ- sponsored medical trains that travel to remote towns in central and east- ent from other trains? ern Russia.Each stop lasts an average of two days,and during that time A.It runs across countries. the doctors and nurses on board provide rural(乡村的)populations with basic medical care,X-ray scans and prescriptions. B.It reserves seats for the sen- "People started queuing to make an appointment early in the morn- iors. ing,says Emile Ducke,a German photographer who traveled with the C.It functions as a hospital. staff of the Saint Lukas for a two-week trip in November through the D.It travels along a river. vast regions()of Krasnoyarsk and Khakassia. ·181· 高考总复习英语(H) 续表 Russia's public health care service has been in serious need of 2.What can we infer from Paragraph modernization.The government has struggled to come up with 3 about Krasnoyarsk? measures to address the problem,particularly in the poorer,rural A.It is heavily populated. areas east of the Volga River,including arranging doctor's appoint- B.It offers training for doctors. ments by video chat and expanding financial aid programs to moti- C.It is a modern city. vate doctors to practice medicine in remote parts of the country like D.It needs medical aid. Krasnoyarsk. 3.How long can the Saint Lukas The annual arrival of the Saint Lukas is another attempt to im- work with one supply? A.About a year. prove the situation.For 10 months every year,the train stops at a- B.About ten months. bout eight stations over two weeks,before returning to the region- C.About two months. al capital to refuel and restock ()Then it starts all over again D.About two weeks. the next month.Most stations wait about a year between visits. 4.What is Ducke's attitude toward Doctors see up to 150 patients every day.The train's equipment al- the Saint Lukas'services? lows for basic checkups."I was very impressed by the doctors and A.Appreciative. their assistants working and living in such little space but still sta- B.Doubtful. ying focused and very concerned,"says Ducke."They were the best C.Ambiguous. chance for many rural people to get the treatment they want. D.Cautious. ◆素材积累 OI had taken the car in for a service. (一)由文本积累主题词块 2.practice 1.government-sponsored medical trains A.练习 B.实践 C.业务 D.惯例 2.last an average of two days DPractical jokes are a common practice on April Fool's Day. 3.make an appointment 4.public health care service 2It takes a lot of practice to play the violin 5.come up with measures well. 6.in serious need of modernization 3She's determined to put her new ideas into 7.up to 150 patients every day practice. 8.get the treatment ◆长句缩写 (二)由文本积累阅读词汇 The government has struggled to come up with 1.passenger n. measures to address the problem,particularly in 2.population n. the poorer,rural areas east of the Volga River, 3.staff n. including arranging doctor's appointments by 4.prescription n. video chat and expanding financial aid programs 5.queue n. to motivate doctors to practice medicine in re- 6.financial adj. mote parts of the country like Krasnoyarsk. 7.remote adj. [句式剖析]请将句中的“枝叶”（名词短语、介 8.checkup n. 词短语、非谓语动词短语、形容词、副词、连词、从 (三)由文本辨熟词生义（将词义对应的字母填到横 句)去掉，留下“主千”（主谓宾或主系表）。 线上) The government has struggled to come up with 1.service measures Lto address the problem,(particularly A.接待，服务B.公共服务系统；公共事业 in the poorer,rural areas east of the Volga Riv- C.检修；维护D.兵役 er),including(arranging doctor's appointments DMost of the boys went straight into the serv- by video chat)and(expanding financial aid pro- ices. 2The government aims to improve public services, grams to motivate doctors to practice medicine in especially education. remote parts of the country like Krasnoyarsk)]. 3Our main concern is to provide quality cus- [句子缩写] tomer service. (不超过10个单词) ·182 主题群五历史、社会与文化 写作微练~双向提能 Part 1 应用文写作话题练 ●[Step1]练表达一夯基固本 ●[Step2]学升级—亮人一眼 根据汉语提示完成句子 改变句式结构以使表达升级 ①到目前为止，小王和我们社区的其他人一样， ①用“Itbe十时间段十since..”句型改写句① 已经失业很久了。 Xiao Wang,as well as a few people in our neighbourhood for a long time. ②在一些社会组织的帮助下，他重新找到了工作。 he ②用with复合结构改写句② has found a new job. ③他感到很幸运能够再就业，帮他走出了困境。 He to get back to work,which ●[Step3]用衔接 一完美成篇 helps him out of trouble. 利用恰当的过渡词汇连句成篇 ④他希望能像其他人一样买得起属于自己的房子。 He hopes to be able to like other people. ⑤他相信只要努力工作就能做到。 He believes that as long as he works hard,he can Part2读后续写微技能21一 情感描写之“激动”和“兴奋” ●[Step1] 场景续写词汇 语料累积 ④妈妈朝湖边走去，然后传来一阵兴奋的尖叫声。 形容词 Mom walked towards the lake,and 副词/ excited,thrilled,exciting,thrilling, 名词 excitedly,excitement,thrill,joy (名词短语作主语十倒装句) Dto one's excitement/thrill ⑤欣赏着美景，妈妈难以抑制她的兴奋。 令某人激动的是 Enjoying the beautiful view, 2flush with excitement ,(名词) 激动得满脸通红 固定 ⑥因为这是第一次帮爸爸在户外做饭，我和哥哥也 3contain one's excitement 短语 抑制内心的激动 感到很兴奋。 ④with/in excitement激动地 As it was the first time that we had helped fa- 5feel one's heart beating wildly ther cook food outdoors, 感觉自己的心在狂跳 ,(形容词) ⑥be wild with joy欣喜若狂 ⑦呼吸着新鲜的空气、闻着饭菜的香味，我们兴奋 ●[Step2]场景续写佳句一完成句子 地上蹦下跳 根据汉语提示完成句子 Breathing the fresh air and smelling the delicious ①在去往湖边的途中，妈妈兴奋得不能自已。 food, On the journey to the lake, (动作+介词短语)》 .(表激动的名词作主语) ●[Step3]过渡衔接美文一连句成篇 ②妈妈坚决要求我们在下一个村庄露营，她的眼中 将以上各句合并成小短文并背诵，注意使用合适的 闪着兴奋的光芒。 衔接过渡词汇。 Mom insisted that we go camping in the next village,and .(动词十介词短语) -Mom insisted that we go camping in the next village, ·(独立主格结构) ③一到露营地，妈妈就迫不及待地冲了出去，兴奋 地催促我们搭帐篷。 When we arrived at the camping place, ©温馨提 .(动作描写十副词) 学习至此，请完成配套训练 主题语境21 ·1838.contributions 9.curiosity 10.declara tion 11.gradually 12.inferences 13.novelist 14.political 15.scientist Part2分组背练短语 先记牢 第一组 1.put forward 2.insist on 3.sum up 4.come to power 5.manage to do sth. 6.commit oneself to (do/doing)sth 第二组 1.偶然，意外地2.（使）加速3.对…… 严格的4.被判处……（徒刑） 5.在…方面成功6.担任：任职 再用准 1.have committed myself to 2.took up a position 3.insisted on 4.came to power 5.summed up 6.put forward Part3句式教材迁移 twice as high as It is for this reason that the first woman ever to be hired 考点精研高效练通 核心词汇·多维练透 l.①of②with③take charge of arran ging all the activities be in charge of ar- ranging all the activities 2.Dfor/to ②to keep③it's vital that you(should) mind your table manners what's vital is that you(should)mind your table manners 3.①obtained②acquires③gains ④attained⑤how her son acquired the bad habit of taking drugs 4.being de feated/having been defeated 2to be is acknowledged as/to be an opportunity to It is acknowledged that the cross country race is an opportunity to 5.Doff ②away③on)out⑤has put for ward a series of policies and measures 6,①Don②was(should)be operated insists that every participant should ar- rive at the school hall 经典句式·写作迁移 l.①three times as large as②three times larger than three times the size of 2.①to know the truth②ability to do the job well③to approach me.④the first to flower 提能加餐素养培优培优1 、I.1.表现；举止2认为是…的功 劳3.拔（牙）4.意想不到的5.逐渐 升级为 Ⅱ.①B②C③A 二、1.to obtain2.It3.for4.scientific 5.graduating 6.was admitted 7.where 8.did 9.what 10.conclusion 培优2真题再做 [语篇解读]这是一篇记叙文。文章讲 述了John Todd从小就很爱思考且好学， 长大后他建造了一个生态机器，利用自然 可以自我修复的原理来净化污水。 1.C[细节理解题。根据第一段“When John Todd was a child,he loved to ex- plore the woods around his house,ob- serving how nature solved problems.A dirty stream,for example,often be came clear alter flowing through plants and along rocks where tiny creatures lived.When he got older,John started to wonder if this process could be used to clean up the messes people were making.(当约翰·托德还是个孩子的 时候，他喜欢探索房子周国的树林，观 察大自然是如何解决问题的。例如， 参考答案 条肮脏的小溪流经植物和微小生物居Step3 住的岩石后，往往变得清澈。长大后 Alexander Fleming was born in Scot 约翰开始思考这个过程是否可以用来 land,brought up by his mother and his 清理人们制造的脏物。)”以及第二段 elder brother.With their support,he got "After studying agriculture,medicine educated in a medical school in London.In and fisheries in college,John went back 1906,he graduated from this school as a to observing nature and asking ques top student.After that he made great con tions.Why can certain plants trap tributions to medical science,but it was harmful bacteria(细菌)？Which kinds of his discovery of penicillin that made him fish can eat cancer-causing chemicals? earn lifelong honor.He was known for (在大学学习了农业、医学和渔业之后 this achievement,for which he received a 约翰文回到了观察自然和提出问题的 Nobel Prize.It was obvious that Fleming 生活中。为什么某些植物能捕获有害 is one of the brilliant scientists in history. 细菌？哪些鱼类会食用致癌化学物 Part 2 Step 2 DMy heart beating rap 质？)”可知，约翰聪颗好学、好奇心 idly,I headed for the register 很强。] ②“You stole something.You will be 2.D[细节理解题。根据第三段“After a searched,”he announced③Frightened few weeks,John added the sludge.(L ④he asked,somewhat surprised⑤I 个星期后，约翰把污泥加了进去。)”以 whispered,trembling 6He asked again 及倒数第三段“He was amazed at the ⑦I murmured⑧He sighed adding results.The plants and animals in the that I could leave eco-machine took the sludge as food and Step 3 began to eat it!Within weeks,it had all My heart beating rapidly,I headed been digested,and all that was left was for the register.I paid for the three small pure water,.(他对结果感到惊讶。生态 items and was about to leave when I felt a 机器里的动植物把污泥当成了食物，开 heavy tap on my shoulder.He was a big 始吃起来！儿周之内，它就被消化了， detective."You stole something.You will 只剩下纯净的水。)”可知，约翰把污泥 be searched,"he announced.Frightened, 放进罐子里为了测试生态机器。] I slid the book out from inside the shirt 3.B[推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“O and handed it over."An encyclopedia?" ver the years,John has taken on many And then,he asked,somewhat surprised. big jobs.He developed a greenhouse "Yes,"I whispered,trembling.He asked like facility that treated sewage(污水 again,"Why didn't you ask your parents from 1,600 homes in South Burlington. to purchase it?”I murmured,“Idid,but He also designed an eco-machine to they didn't have money..”He sighed,“Tell clean canal water in Fuzhou,a city in your parents about your wrongdoing," southeast China,(这些年来，约翰承 adding that I could leave. 了许多重大工作。他开发了一个类似 温室的设施，可以处理来自南伯灵 主题语境21 1600户家庭的污水。他还设计了 语基验收复盘共赢 生态机器来清洁中国东南部城市福州 Part1分类识记单词阅读单词·知其意 的运河水。)”可推知，作者提到福州的 1.慈善：施舍行为，善举：慈善团体，慈善 目的是展示约翰想法的应用。 事业2.冲突，矛盾3.合同：契约 4.A「推理判断题。根据最后一段“You 4.终生的；毕生的5.任务；职责；使命 put organisms in new relationships and ob- 6.合作伙伴7.长久的：永久的：永恒的 serve what's happening.Then you let 8.正的，零上加：加上加号：正号 these new systems develop their own 9.(影响)深远的；极大的10.（电影、电 ways to self-repair,(你把生物体放在新 视的)镜头11.赞助者：发起者：主办者 的关系中，观察会发生什么。然后让这些 赞助；发起12.伤亡人数 新系统自行发展自我修复的方式。)”可 核心单词·练其通记准记牢 知，约翰工作的基础是自然可以自我 1.account 2.activity 3.alike 4.avail- 修复。门 able 5.daily 6.offer 7.project 素材积累 8.programme 9.local 10.model (一)1.探索森林2.解决问题3.被用 11.nationwide 12.post 13.quantity 来做4.清理脏物5.动植物结合 6. 14.salary 15,welfare 从污泥中除去有害物质7，逐渐地 用准用活 8.承担了很多大型工作项目 1.offers 2.welfare 3.account 4.available (二)1.观察2.小溪3.生物4.过程 5.activity 6.quantities 7.posts 8.sal- 5.困住6.除去7.有机体 8.生态 ary 9.project 10.alike 系统 拓展单词·用其活记准记牢 (三)1.BD2.CA 1.accomplish accomplishment 2.ar- 长句缩写 range arrangement 3.associate asso- A stream became clear. ciation 4.clarify clarification 5.collect 写作微练双向提能 collection 6.describe description Part 1 Step 1 Dwas brought up 7.disable disabled disability 8.dis 2With their support got educated tribute distribution 9.divide division graduated from this school ④made 10.donate donation donor 11.instant him earn lifelong honor 5was known for instantly 12.organize organization this achievement 6It was obvious that 13.possible possibly possibility Step 2 1 Alexander Fleming was born in Scotland,brought up by his mother and his 14.promote promotion 15.qualify sat elder brother 2 He was known for this qualified qualification 16.satisfy achievement,for which he received a isfying satisfied satisfaction 17.type Nobel Prize typical typically 18.warn warning ·403· 高考总复习英语(H) 用准用活 4.A[观，点态度题。由第五段Ducke的 1.collection 2.donation 3.qualified 话“I was very impressed by the doctors 4.warnings 5.arrangements 6.organi and their assistants working and living zation 7.typically 8.satisfied 9.dis in such little space but still staying fo- tribution 10.divisions 11.possibly cused and very concered...They were the 12.promotion 13.description 14.disa best chance for many rural people to get the bled 15.instantly 16.association treatment they want,.”可知，Ducke对圣 Part2分组背练短语 卢卡斯火车提供的服务表示赞赏。] 先记牢第一组 素材积累 1.carry out 2.break down 3.take in (一)1.由政府资助的医疗列车2.平均 4.in response to 5.look back(on/upon) 持续两天3.预约4.公共卫生服务 6.take the place of 5.提出措施6.急需要现代化7.每天 第二组 1.实际上：在实践中2.注意到 多达150个病人8.得到治疗 3.列…的请单4.曾经；一度 (二)1.乘客2.人口3.全体人员 5.有…的历史6.对…产生影响 4.处方5.站队6.财政的7.遥远的 再用准 8.检查 1.in response to 2.take the place of (三)1.DBAC2.DAB 3.carry out 4.Looking back on/upon 长句缩写 5,broke down 6.take in The government has struggled to come up Part3句式教材迁移 with measures. Whenever I'm facing a difficulty if left un 写作微练双向提能 checked Part1Step1①So far has been un 考点精研 高效练通 employed 2With the help of some social 核心词汇·多维练透 organisations③feels fortunate④af 1.①with②in③in④resolve conflict ford his own house 5make it on a project team 2.has been contribu- Step 2 DSo far,it has been a long time ted②has covered③are consumed since Xiao Wang as well as a few people ④a large quantity of money⑤quantities in our neighbourhood,became unemployed 3.①with②in③a volunteer of English 2With some social organisations helping Association4.①working②out him,he has found a new job ③with④We must carry on till success Step 3 5.①消除②分解③（谈判）失败 So far,it has been a long time since ④（身体）垮掉⑤（机器）损坏⑥down Xiao Wang,as well as a few people in our ⑦from⑧out⑨into@broke down neighbourhood,became unemployed.With on my way home 经典句式·写作迁移 some social organisations helping him,he l.①Whatever happened②wherever he went has found a new job.He feels fortunate to 2.①Ifso②if any③If not④if ever get back to work,which helps him out of 提能加餐素养培优培优1 trouble.He hopes to be able to afford his 一、I.1.促进2.设定程序3.担保人 own house like other people.And he be- 4.停业，关门5.促销；推销 lieves that as long as he works hard,he Ⅱ.1.①B②C③D④A can make it. 2.①C②D③B④A Part 2 Step 2 Da wide excitement took 二，l.on/upon2.felt3.applied hold of Mom her eyes glittered/twin- 4.qualified 5.was allowed 6.a 7.to kled with excitement her eyes glittering/ respect 8.directing 9.who 10.that twinkling with excitement ③Mom 培优2真题再做 couldn't wait to rush out and excitedly [语篇解读]本文介绍了一辆只接收病 urged us to put up the tent then came 人的列车。从而引出了俄罗斯政府在贫 an excited scream/a scream of excitement 困的农村地区，如伏尔加河以东的克拉斯 5 Mom could hardly contain her excite 诺亚尔斯克，采取的一些解决公共医疗服 ment 6 my brother and I also felt 务现代化问题的措施。 thrilled we jumped up and down 1.C[细节理解题。由第一段内容可知， with excitement 圣卢卡斯火车不接受普通乘客，只接收 Step 3 病人，并为乡衬人口提供基本的医疗服 On the journey to the lake,a wide 务。因此，它的功能类似于医院。 excitement took hold of Mom.Mom insis- 2.D[推理判断题。由第三段内容可知， ted that we go camping in the next village, 俄罗斯政府在贫困的农衬地区，如伏尔 her eyes glittering/twinkling with excite 加河以东的克拉斯诺亚尔斯克，采取了 ment.When we arrived at the camping 一些措施来解决公共医疗服务现代化 place,Mom couldn't wait to rush out and 的问题，包括视颜预约医生和扩展财政 excitedly urged us to put up the tent. 援助项目以激励医生在偏远地区行医。 Then,Mom walked towards the lake,and 这表明克拉斯诺亚尔斯克需要医疗 援助。门 then came an excited scream/a scream of 3.D[细节理解题。由第四段中“For10 excitement.Enjoying the beautiful view, Mom could hardly contain her excitement. months every year,the train stops at a- bout eight stations over two weeks,be- Certainly,as it was the first time that we fore returning to the regional capital to had helped father cook food outdoors,my refuel and restock(补给).”可知，圣卢 brother and I also felt thrilled.Breathing 卡斯火车每次补给可以持续大约两周 the fresh air and smelling the delicious 的工作。] food,we jumped up and down with excite ment. ·404 主题语境22 语基验收复盘共赢 Part1分类识记单词阅读单词·知其意 1.（狗)吠叫：吠叫声 2.球拍：蝙蝠用 球板击球：拍打3.孔子学说；儒家（学 说)4.公司的：法人的：社团的5.（轮 船、飞机等上面的)全体工作人员：专业团 队：一群人6.相当不错的；正派的：得体 的7.（人生的）一段经历：（小说的）片 段；插曲8，真正的；真诚的：可信赖的 9.动机：原因：目的10.发动机；马达 有引擎的：机动车的 11.(尤指以法令) 禁止：阻止12.娱乐：消遣：游戏 核心单词·练其通记准记牢 1.abandon 2.aboard 3.accuse 4.can- didate 5.cause 6.crime 7.furniture 8.judge 9.legal 10.permit 11.protest 12.rough 13.rude 14.sink 15.thor ough 16.tolerate 用准用活 1.caused 2.permits 3.tolerate 4.a bandoned 5.crime 6.rude 7.accused 8.sink 拓展单词·用其活记准记牢 1.advertise advertising advertisement 2.apply application applicant 3.as sign assignment 4.belong belongings 5.compare comparison 6.convince convinced convincing 7.crime crimi- nal 8,cruel cruelty 9.endure endur- ance 10,enthusiastic enthusiasm 11.envy envious 12.guide guidance 13.law lawyer 14.loyal loyalty 15.misery miserable 16.navigate navigator 17.resolve resolution 18 short shortage shorten 用准用活 1.comparison 2.shortage 3.Advertis ers advertisements advertise 4.con- vincing 5.guidance 6.belongings 7.resolution 8.criminal 9.assignments 10.application 11.cruelly Part2分组背练短语 先记牢第一组 1.turn sb.down 2.give off 3.regard- less of 4.more than 5.in harmony with 6.on behalf of 第二组 1.理顺，整理：把…安排好2.对… 表达敬意3.短缺，缺少，缺乏4.承认 某人或某物是…… 5.对…有影响 6.在……中起重要作用 再用准 1.Regardless of 2.sorting out 3.in harmony with 4.turn down 5.have an impact on 6.on behalf of Part3句式教材迁移 what Alexander Fleming was looking for If it weren't for sea animals The first time that she had to write an essay 考点精研高效练通 核心词汇·多维练透 l.①Dsmoking②permission③to use Aweather permits Weather permitting ⑤permission2.①Dthrowing②toler ance③tolerant④tolerate/bear/stand/ put up with her son making the same mis takes 3.D Judging by/from ②judg (e)ment Judging from the look on his face4.①asking②were abandoned ③drinking ④Abandoning myself to