Unit 3 Period 1 Reading and Thinking&Learning About Language-【新课程能力培养】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第二册学习手册（人教版）

N 高中英语选择性必修第二册（人教版） Unit 3 FOOD Culture Back We all have ideas about what kinds of foods are good to eat.We also have ideas about what kinds of foods are bad to eat.As a result,people from one culture often think the foods that people from another culture eat are disgusting.When the famous boxer Muham- mad Ali I visited Africa,for example,one member of his group became quite sick when he saw someone pick up a butterfly and eat it. Many people would find it disgusting to eat rats,but there are forty-two different cultures whose people regard rats as appropriate food. However,food likes and dislikes don't al- ways seem related to nutrition.For example, broccoli is first on a list of the most nutritious common vegetables,but it is twenty-first on a list of vegetables that Americans like most to eat.Tomatoes are sixteenth on the list of most nutritious vegetables,but they are first on the list of vegetables that Americans like most to eat. But dislike is not the only reason why some cultures will not eat a certain food.In some cultures,certain foods are taboo.Taboo is a word from the language of the Fiji islands that is used to describe something that is for- bidden.Some foods are taboo in certain reli- 32)学 AND CULTURE round Analysis gions,but there are also other food taboos that are not connected to a religion.We do not usually think about why certain things are taboo in our culture.We may not even know why they are taboo.Anthropologists try to dis- cover the hidden reasons for taboos.For exam- ple,the sacred cows of India are well known. Cows can go wherever they want to in the streets of India and they can eat anything you want from the supplies of the food sellers on the street.As a result,the cows are a problem. However,no one in India will kill them or eat them.It is taboo to do so.This custom seems strange to other people,but anthropologists be- lieve that there are reasons for it.First,cows are valuable because the farmers need them to help plow their fields.Second,cow manure is used as a fertilizer on the fields.In India, many farmers can't afford to spend money on fertilizer. Anthropologists believe that most food likes and dislikes are a result of the ways of life of different people.Some people live in areas where there are both large animals and many insects.It is difficult for these people to kill large animals and it requires a lot of ener- gy.It's easier for them to use insects for food because it is not difficult to catch insects and it doesn't require a lot of energy.Americans eat a lot of beef because there is plenty of land for raising cattle and their meat can be shipped cheaply for long distances by rail- roads. 根据上文，判断正(T)误(F)。 ()1.People of different cultures may have different ideas about what kinds of food are appropriate to eat. ()2.Sometimes people don't like to eat Unit 3 FOOD AND CULTURE a certain kind of food because they don't have any idea about the nu- trition of the food. )3.Taboo foods are something harmful to our health so that we are not al- lowed to eat them. )4.Anthropologists know the reason why some of the foods are consid- ered as taboos. )5.Different ways of life may lead to different food likes and dislikes. 学(33 高中英语选择性必修第二册（人教版） Period 1 Reading and Thinki 【.重点知识讲解 1.prior 【归纳拓展】 prior ad.①（时间、顺序）在前的；在先的 (反义词：posterior）)②比…重要的；比 优先的 prior to(prep.)在…之前；比…重要 priority n.比…在先；优先权 【情境助记】 (1)I'm sorry I have a. engagement. 对不起，我有约会在先。 (2)Prior to (come)to China,I knew little about Chinese food. 在来到中国之前，我对中国食物知之 甚少。 (3)The ambulance car has over oth- er traffic. 救护车有比其他车辆的优先权。 2.consist 【归纳拓展】 consist vi..由…组成；构成 consist of由…组成（不可以用进行时）同 义词组be made up of consist in(本质)在于.…；存在于.… 【情境助记】 (1)Coal consist)mostly of car- bon. 煤大部分是由碳组成的。 (2)This club (consist)of more than 200 members. 34学 ng&Learning about Language =This club (make)up of more than 200 members. 这个俱乐部由200名以上的会员所 组成。 (3)The beauty of this picture consists its balance of colors. 这幅画的美在于其色彩的调和。 3.bold 【归纳拓展】 bold ad山.①大胆的（反义词：timid) ②冒失的；粗鲁的③险峻的；陡峭的 It is bold of sb.to do sth.某人做某事是很大 胆的 make bold to do sth.冒失（胆敢）去做某事 【情境助记】 (1)It is a very action. 这是一个大无畏的行动。 (2)It is bold you (climb) that mountain alone. 你真大胆，竟敢单独去爬那座山。 4.stuff 【归纳拓展】 stuff n.(u.n.)①材料；素材；资料②物 质；事vt.填塞；塞满 stuff...with用…填满 stuff into塞进 stuffing填塞物 stuffy ad山.通风不良的；塞住的 【情境助记】 (1)We need much building (stuff). 我们需要许多建筑材料。 (2)What is it made of? 那是用什么材料做的？ (3)I have got a lot of to do today. 今天我有许多事要做。 (4)She (stuff)the fridge food. 她用食物塞满冰箱。 (5)He stuffed several letters his poc- ket. 他把几封信塞进口袋里。 5.as a result 【归纳拓展】 as a result“因此；结果”，单独使用，一般 放在句首，后面常加逗号。 as a result of“因为”，后接名词、代词、动 名词作宾语。 result in导致；造成 result from由.引起 【情境助记】 (1)All singers kept together.As re- sult,their performance was successful. (2)He can't take part in the sports meeting as a result his serious injuries in an accident. (3)His business resulted his failure; that is to say,his failure resulted his business 6.slice 【归纳拓展】 slice n.(切下的食物)薄片一部分；分配 的份u.把（面包等）切成（薄片）》 slide up切下 Unit 3 FOOD AND CULTURE slice off切下 【情境助记】 (1)How many slice)roast beef would you like? 请问你要几片烤牛肉？ (2)The company took a large (slice) of the profit. 这个公司取得利润的一大份。 (3)She (slice)up a loaf for us. 她把一条面包切成薄片儿给我们吃。 (4)The cook sliced a thick piece from the roast beef. 那厨师切下一片儿厚厚的烤牛肉。 7.exceptional 【归纳拓展】 exceptional ad山，例外的；特别的；罕见的 exception n.例外；破例 except prep..除…之外 except for除.…之外（肯定整体）》 except that除去…之外 【情境助记】 (1)Such warm weather is for Jan- uary. 一月里天气如此暖和是少见的现象。 (2)I don't drink but today is an 我是不喝酒的，但今天例外。 (3)Everybody John was able to an- swer. 除了约翰以外，大家都能回答 (4)The movie was good the ending. 这部电影除了结尾之外都很好。 (5)I know nothing about his career he is a graduate of Oxford University. 学(35 高中英语选择性必修第二册（人教版） 我除了知道他从牛津大学毕业之外，对 他的其他经历一无所知。 8.at a minimum至少 【归纳拓展】 minimum n.最小值；最少量pl.minima minimal ad.最小的；最低的（反义词： maximal) minimize v.把…减到最低限度（反义词： maximize) 【情境助记】 (1)We will take a of five days to finish the task. 要完成这项任务，我们最低限度需要 五天。 (2)We can't succeed with a effort. 以最低限度的努力，我们不能胜利。 9.consume 【归纳拓展】 consume vt..①消费；耗尽②吃光；喝完 ③（火）将…烧尽 consumer n.消费者 【情境助记】 (1)This air conditioner a lot of elec- tricity. 这台空调机很耗电。 (2)He all the sandwiches. 他吃光了所有的三明治。 (3)The fire the entire building. 大火烧毁了整栋建筑物。 (4)We try to protect the rights of 我们设法保护消费者的权利。 36)学 10.tend 【归纳拓展】 tend vi..趋向；易于；vt.照顾 tend to do sth.易于做某事；有倾向做某事 tend sb.照顾；照料 tend towards.有…的趋势；倾向于.… tendency n.倾向；趋势 have a tendency to do sth.倾向于做某事 【情境助记】 (1)Nowadays,some adolescents tend (consume)more time to play games. 如今，一些青少年倾向于花更多的时间 玩游戏。 (2)Mum was always busy (tend) my baby sister during the night. 妈妈晚上总是忙着照顾我的小妹妹。 (3)There is a tend)for unem- ployment to rise in summer. 夏季就业率有上升的趋势。 11.temper 【归纳拓展】 temper n.心情；情绪；脾气 in a bad/good temper心情不好/好 fly/get into a temper发脾气 keep one's temper忍气；保持心平气和 lose one's temper动怒；发脾气 out of temper发怒=angry 【情境助记】 (1)My mother was a bad temper. 妈妈心情不好。 (2)You should _your temper when you meet a naughty boy. 当你遇到一个淘气的男孩时，你应该保 持心平气和。 (3)My teacher was _temper when I made the same mistake again. 当我又犯同样错误时，老师发了脾气。 Ⅱ.重点句型解读 1.Tell me what you eat and I will tell you what you are. 告诉我你吃什么，我就会告诉你你是 什么。 【句法分析】 该句是一个复合句，what引导宾语从 句，且在从句中分别作eat的宾语和are的 表语。 what引导的名词性从句，其性质相当于 一个名词，可在句中作主语、宾语和表语。 2.For example,America's most popular Chinese dish is General Tso's chicken, which consists of fried chicken covered in a sweet sauce. 例如，美国最受欢迎的中国菜是左公鸡， 这道菜就是用甜沙司包裹的炸鸡。 【句法分析】 该句是一个复合句，which引导定语从 句，它的先行词为chicken,在从句中作主 语。covered为非谓语动词，作fried chicken 的后置定语，表被动。 3.On the other hand,it does tell us a lot about Americans. 另一方面，它确实告诉了我们很多关于美 国人的事情。 【句法分析】 on the other hand“另一方面”，常与on the one hand并列使用。 Unit 3 FOOD AND CULTURE do/does/did+谓语表示强调。 4.A Sichuan restaurant had been recom- mended to us by a friend and finally,we found it. 一个朋友向我们推荐了一家四川餐馆，我 们终于找到了。 【句法分析】 had been recommended这是一个过去完 成时的被动语态结构，过去完成时构成为 “助动词had+过去分词”，其中had通用于各 种人称。过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或 动作之前已经发生或完成的动作，即过去的 过去。 5.Tired,hungry and not knowing a word of Chinese,we had no idea how to order. 又累又饿，一句中文也不会，我们不知道 如何点餐。 【句法分析】 本句中使用了形容词tired,hungry和现 在分词短语的否定式not knowing a word of Chinese并列作状语。how to order为省略式 同位语从句，说明idea的具体内容。 Ⅲ.小试牛刀 一、单句语法填空 1.There are countless articles (tell) us how the Internet has made our lives more (confidence). 2.She was so (inspire)by the peo- ple that she decided to start an IT club to teach older people how to use computers. 3.Her next goal is to start a charity website raise)money for children in poor countries. 学 37 高中英语选择性必修第二册（人教版） 4.Since then,much write) about the wonders of the world wide web. 5.All the means (try)since this term. 二、按照汉语提示完成下列句子 1.她发现自己失业了，困在家中，陪伴她的 只有电脑。 She found herself and stuck at home with only her computer to 2.她参加了一个网上团体，她可以从别人那 获取支持和建议。 She also joined an online group. 3.她希望每个人都能接触到网络，并且知道 如何使用这种新技术。 She hopes everyone. 4.她的下一个目标是创办一个慈善网站，为 贫困国家的孩子们集资。 Her next goal is to start a charity website (38)学 5.上网不是对别人粗暴的借口。 Being online 三、语篇填空 The saying“You are 1. you eat" refers to our 2. (person),charac- ter and culture.For example,Chinese food in America has been changed to suit American tastes,3. tells us a lot about Ameri- cans.Later,I had a chance 4. (ex- perience)authentic Chinese food by coming to China.A friend recommended a Sichuan restaurant 5. us.We had the pleasure of experiencing an 6. (entire)new taste.We soon moved to Shandong Province 2 my favorite dish was boiled dump- lings.8. (make)dumplings has al- ways been a family affair there.Then we mov- ed to northern Xinjiang.Some of our friends were Kazak.As 9. result,their 10. (tradition)food are what you can cook over an open fire.高中英语选择性必修第二册（人教版） 10.that mPeriod 4 Writing 读后续写 【参考范文】 Paragraph 1: The next morning,I delivered the paper to her as usual. On the way to her home,so nervous was I that I could feel my heart pounding in my chest.But to my surprise,I saw the broken glass had been repaired and she didn't mention it.When I handed her the paper,she still greeted me and gave me some cookies as usual.Holding these cookies in my hand,a feeling of guilt swept over me and I determined Unit 3 FOOD Culture Background Analysis 1-5 TFFTT Period1 Reading and Think- ing&Learning about Language I.重点知识讲解 1.【情境助记】 (1)prior (2)coming (3)priority 2.【情境助记】 (1)consists (2)consists;is made (3)in 3.【情境助记】 (1)bold (2)of;to climb 4.【情境助记】 (1)stuff (2)stuff (3)stuff (4)stuffed; with (5)into 5.【情境助记】 (1)a(2)of (3)in;from 6.【情境助记】 (1)slices (2)slice (3)sliced (4)off 7.【情境助记】 (1)exceptional (2)exception (3)except (4)except for (5)except that 8.【情境助记】 (1)minimum (2）minimum 9.【情境助记】 68 that I would save my paper delivery money to make up for the broken window. Paragraph 2: After three weeks,I earned seven dollars and put them in an envelope.I secretly put it through the letter box in her door.After doing this,I suddenly felt in relief.The next day,I handed the old lady her paper and thanked her for the bag of cookies.When I opened the bag,I was stunned.Inside were the seven dollars and a short note that said,"I'm proud of you."She knew it was me.But in- stead of blaming and punishing me,she chose to forgive me.Even so many years later,she is still deeply engraved in my mind,who taught me a valuable lesson in my life. AND CULTURE (1)consumes (2)consumed (3)consumed (4)consumers 10.【情境助记】 (1)to consume (2)tending (3)tendency 11.【情境助记】 (1)in (2)keep (3)out of Ⅲ.小试牛刀 一、单句语法填空 1.telling;convenient 2.inspired 3.to raise 4.has been written 5.have been tried 二、按照汉语提示完成下列句子 1.out of work;keep her company 2.where she could get support and advice from others 3.has access to the Internet and knows how to use new technology 4.to raise money for children in poor countries 5.is no excuse for being rude to others 三、语篇填空 1.what 2.personality 3.which 4.to experience 5.to 6.entirely 7.where 8.Making 9.a 10.traditi- onal Period 2 Using Language I.重点知识讲解 1.【情境助记】 (1)somewhat (2)taller (3)somewhat of 2.【情境助记】 (1)stabler (2)stable (3)stably