内容正文:
Period 3
本单元的语法项目:过去完成时
过去完成时主要表示过去某时或某动作
之前已完成的动作或情况,即表示“过去的
过去”。其结构为had+过去分词。
一、已完成的用法
已完成的用法表示一个动作或状态在过
去某一时间或动作之前刚刚完成或结束,也
可能是早已完成或结束。
例如:When I got to the station the train
had left
我到达车站时火车已经开了。
Anna had come to Europe before the out-
break of the war.
战争爆发前,安娜就来到了欧洲。
二、未完成的用法
未完成的用法表示一个动作或状态在过
去某时之前已经开始,一直延续到这一过去
时间,而且到那时还没结束,仍有继续下去
的可能性。只适用于持续性动词或状态动
词。常与表示一段时间的时间状语连用。
例如:By seven o'clock they had worked
for fourteen hours.
到七点钟他们已经工作了十四个小时。
Tom married Mary last week.They had
known each other since their schooldays.
上周汤姆和玛丽结婚了。从他们念书开
始他们就彼此认识。
三、过去完成时表示一个动作先于另一
个过去动作的用法还常见于宾语从句、状语
从句或定语从句等。
Unit 3 FOOD AND CULTURE
Grammar
例如:She wore the necklace her mother
had left her.
她戴着妈妈留给她的项链。
I soon realized that I had made a serious
mistake.
不久我意识到我犯了一个严重的错误。
She was very excited as she had never
been to a dance.
她很激动,因为她从未参加过舞会。
四、过去完成时的特殊用法
1.过去完成时+todo:表示过去未曾实
现的希望、打算或意图,通常只适用于下列
动词,如:hope,intend,.mean,want,plan,
think,suppose等。
例如:I had intended to come over to see
you last night,but someone called and I cou-
ldn't go away.
昨晚我本想去看你的,但有人来了我走
不开。
I had hoped to send him a Christmas
card,but I forgot to do so.
我本来希望寄给他一张圣诞卡的,但我
忘了寄了。
2.句型“no sooner..than.”;“hardly
(scarcely)when.”中的主句用“过去完
成时”,从句用“一般过去时”,句型的含义
为“一…就”;“no sooner,hardly
(scarcely)”置于句首时,要用倒装语序。
例如:Hardly had we begun(We had
hardly begun)when we were told to stop.
学(45
N
高中英语选择性必修第二册(人教版)
我们刚一开始就被叫停。
We had no sooner set out No sooner
had we set out)than a thunderstorm broke.
我们一动身猛烈的雷雨就开始了。
3.在“would rather,.would sooner(宁
(46)学
愿,但愿)”等后面的从句中,如果表示过
去的动作或情况,要用过去完成时。
例如:They would rather you had left
yesterday.
他们想让你昨天离开。