第7卷 词汇与语法（一般现在、过去和将来时态的被动语态）-2026年湖南省（对口招生）《英语45分钟训练卷》（原卷版+解析版）

编写说明：2026年湖南省（对口招生）《英语45分钟训练卷》，依据湖南省对口招生考试历年英语考试真题与模拟试题分析编写。本专辑包括听力理解、词汇与语法、交际用语、完形填空、阅读理解、书面表达等6大高考题型。1-20卷为考点/题型专项训练卷，21-25卷为综合训练卷。 本试卷是2026年湖南省（对口招生）《英语45分钟训练卷》的第7卷，知识点包括词汇与语法（一般现在、过去和将来的被动语态）。 2026年湖南省（对口招生）《英语45分钟训练卷》 第7卷 词汇与语法（一般现在、过去和将来的被动语态） 考试时间：45分钟 满分：100分 班级 姓名 学号 成绩 基础篇 1、 词汇与语法 (共20小题；每小题3分，满分60分) 1．The students ________ to wear school uniforms on weekdays. A．require B．are required C．required D．were required 【答案】B 【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：学生必须在平日穿校服。根据时间状语on weekdays可知，句子时态为一般现在时，主语The students和动词require之间是被动关系，所以应用一般现在时的被动语态are required。故选B。 2．—Nanchang Metro Line 5 ________ to open to the public in 2029. —Great! It will be more convenient to travel around the city. A．is expected B．was expected C．expects D．expected 【答案】A 【详解】考查一般现在时的被动语态。句意：—南昌地铁5号线预计在2029年向公众开放。—好极了！在城市里旅行会更方便。根据句意可知，这里是在陈述一个关于地铁开通时间的计划或者预期安排，在英语中，对于按计划、安排将要发生的动作，常用一般现在时来表示；主语“Nanchang Metro Line 5”和谓语“expect”之间是被动关系，所以是一般现在时的被动语态。故选A。 3．—What do you think of the restaurant? —Great. The customers here ________ good service. A．are given B．give C．have given D．were given 【答案】A 【详解】考查一般现在时的被动语态。句意：—你觉得这家餐厅怎么样？—很好。这里的顾客享受到了很好的服务。根据助动词“do”可知，此句为一般现在时；主语“The customers”与动词“give”之间是动宾关系，因此，空处应用一般现在时的被动语态结构：am/is/are+及物动词的过去分词，且主语“The customers”为复数，be 动词用are，give的过去分词为given。故选A。 4．The festival ________ in our town every spring. Many people take part in it. A．celebrates B．is celebrated C．celebrated D．was celebrated 【答案】B 【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：这个节日每年春天都在我们镇上被庆祝，很多人都会参加。时间状语“every spring”表示习惯性、经常性的动作，句子要用一般现在时。主语The festival和动词celebrate是被动关系，即“节日被庆祝”，因此要用被动语态 “am/is/are+过去分词”。主语The festival是单数，所以be动词用is，动词celebrate的过去分词是celebrated，因此正确形式为is celebrated。故选B。 5．Students do less homework now. Usually it ________ before 9 o’clock in the evening. A．finishes B．finished C．is finished D．was finished 【答案】C 【详解】考查一般现在时的被动语态。句意：现在学生做的作业越来越少了。一般是晚上9点前完成。根据“Students do less homework now. ”可知，此句描述的是现在的情况，所以是一般现在时；由于主语it代指家庭作业，和动词finish之间是被动关系，所以要用被动语态，被动语态的结构是“be+过去分词”，所以是is finished。故选C。 6．Chen-ning Yang passed away in Beijing on Oct. 18, 2025. Before his death, he ________ as one of the greatest physicists of the 20th century. A．regarded B．is regarded C．was regarded D．will be regarded 【答案】C 【详解】句意：2025年10月18日，杨振宁在北京逝世。在他去世之前，他就被认为是20世纪最伟大的物理学家之一。 before his death表示“在他去世之前”，表示过去式，要用一般过去时，且他“被认为是20世纪最伟大的物理学家之一”，要用被动语态，因此空格处用一般过去时的被动语态，即was regarded。 7．The local goverment was surprised to find that some of the rivers ________. A．have pulluted B．are polluted C．were polluted D．were polluting 【答案】C 【详解】考查一般过去时的被动语态。句意：当地政府惊讶地发现一些河流被污染了。分析句子结构可知，rivers与pollute之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，主句谓语动词“was surprised”为一般过去时，宾语从句需遵循“主过从过”原则，从句时态也应用一般过去时，故用were polluted。故选C。 8．One of the paintings in the museum ________ during the robbery last night.​ A．is stolen B．are stolen C．was stolen D．were stolen​ 【答案】C 【详解】考查主谓一致和时态语态。句意：博物馆里的一幅画在昨晚的抢劫中被偷了。“one of + 复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式；且画是被偷，应用被动语态；再根据“last night”可知，句子应用一般过去时的被动语态，其结构为“was /were +过去分词”，所以此处应填“was stolen”。故选C。 9．Many flowers ________ in our school last year, and they made our school a beautiful garden. A．plant B．planted C．have planted D．were planted 【答案】D 【详解】考查被动语态。句意：去年我们学校种了许多花。主语flowers与谓语动词plant之间是被动关系，且时间状语last year为过去，故用一般过去时的被动语态were planted。故选D。 10．The sports meeting ________ because of the heavy rain last week. A．cancels B．is canceled C．was canceled D．will be canceled 【答案】C 【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：由于上周下大雨，运动会取消了。last week表明句子时态用一般过去时，主语the sports meeting与动词cancel之间是被动关系，所以用一般过去时的被动语态，结构为“was/were + 动词过去分词”。故选C。 11．More money ________ when we use both sides of paper. A．will save B．was saved C．has saved D．will be saved 【答案】D 【详解】考查一般将来时的被动语态。句意：当我们使用纸的两面时，可以节省更多的钱。根据“when we use both sides of paper”可知，此句是when引导的时态状语从句，从句用了一般现在时，主句要用一般将来时；主句主语“More money”和save之间为被动关系，故用被动语态。一般将来时的被动语态结构为：will be done。故选D。 12．The students in our school ________ to enter the campus if they don’t wear helmets on motorbikes, A．don’t allow B．won’t allow C．isn’t allowed D．won’t be allowed 【答案】D 【详解】考查被动语态。句意：我们学校的学生骑电动车不戴头盔的话将不允许进入校园。分析可知，主语“the students ”和谓语“allow”是被动关系，应用被动语态；根据后面的if引导的条件状语从句的时态是一般现在时可知，主句要使用一般将来时，即“主将从现”；一般将来时的被动语态为will (not) be done。故选D。 13．The new teaching building ________ by the end of next year. A．will be completed B．is completed C．completes D．completed 【答案】A 【详解】考查动词的时态和语态。句意：新教学楼将于明年年底前完工。根据“by the end of next year”是将来完成时或一般将来时的时间标志，且“教学楼”与“完成”是被动关系，需用一般将来时的被动语态“will be completed”。故选A。 14．—The 24th Olympic Winter Games ________ in 2022 in Beijing. —Yes. I wish Chinese players will do well. A．will be held B．have been held C．was to be held D．would be held 【答案】A 【详解】考查动词的时态和语态。句意：—第24届冬季奥林匹克运动会将于2022年在北京举行。—是的，我希望中国运动员将能取得好成绩。根据“I wish Chinese players will do well.”可知，句子描述的是将来发生的事情，应用一般将来时态。主语“The 24th Olympic Winter Games”与动词“hold”之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，所以句子应用一般将来时的被动语态will be held。故选A。 15．It is reported that the Underground Line No.3______ in our city in 2025. A．will be built B．has built C．will build D．has been built 【答案】A 【详解】考查一般将来时的被动语态。句意：据报道，我市将于2025年建成地铁3号线。根据“in 2025”可知，此处应用一般将来时；从句中的主语“the Underground Line No.3”与要填的谓语动词build之间的关系是被动的关系，表示被建造，要用被动语态，结合时态可知，要用一般将来时的被动语态（will be +动词的过去分词），此处应用will be built。故选A。 16．The new road ________ by the end of next month. A．completes B．will complete C．will be completed D．is completed 【答案】C 【详解】考查动词的时态和语态。句意：这条新路将于下个月底完工。时间状语“by the end of next month”是将来完成时或一般将来时的时间标志，且主语“The new road”与动词“complete”之间是被动关系，需用被动语态，C项will be completed是一般将来时的被动语态结构，符合语法要求。故选C。 17．A new bridge over the Xiangjiang River ________ last year, which makes it very easy to go to the city center. A．built B．was built C．has D．has been built 【答案】B 【详解】考查一般过去时的被动语态。句意：去年在湘江上修建了一条新桥，这座桥使得去市中心变得很容易。首先根据时间状语last year，判断句子中的谓语动词用一般过去时；主语the new bridge是动作build的承受者，所以用被动语态，一般过去时被动语态的构成是：主语+was/were+动词的过去分词；主语是单数名词，be动词用was。故选B。 18．It will take less time to drive over the Changjiang River after the new bridge ________. A．is building B．builds C．has built D．is built 【答案】D 【详解】考查动词的时态和语态。句意：新桥建成后，驾车过江时间将缩短。分析句子结构可知，句子的主语“the new bridge”和谓语动词“build”之间存在被动关系，即“桥是被建造的”，所以要用被动语态，其结构为“be+过去分词”。故选D。 19．The sick in this village ________ taken to the city hospital for treatment.​ A．is B．are C．has been D．was​ 【答案】B 【详解】考查一般现在时的被动语态和主谓一致。句意：这个村子的病人被送到市医院治疗。分析句子可知，句子的主语“The sick”指“村里的病人”，表“某一类人”，是复数概念，作主语时，谓语动词需用复数形式；又根据句子的主语“The sick”与“take”是被动的关系可知，要用一般现在时的被动语态，即选are。故选B。 20．The new policy________ in our city next year according to the news. A．carries out B．will carry out C．will be carried out D．is carried out 【答案】C 【详解】考查一般将来时的被动语态。句意：据新闻报道，这项新政策将于明年在我们这座城市实施。时间状语next year表明句子要用一般将来时；主语The new policy和动词短语carry out是被动关系，即“新政策被实施”，因此要用一般将来时的被动语态“will be +过去分词”。故选C。 提升篇 一、词汇与语法 (共10小题；每小题4分，满分40分） 21．Video games can be a poor influence if _________ in the wrong hands. A．to leave B．leaving C．leave D．left 【答案】D 【详解】考查被动语态及条件状语从句的省略。句意：如果电子游戏落入坏人之手，可能会产生不良影响。分析句子结构可知，这是一个“if”引导的条件状语从句，当从句的主语和主句的主语一致，且从句中含有be动词时，可以省略从句的主语和be动词；主从句主语都是“video games”，“video games”与所给动作“leave”之间是被动关系，且描述的是客观事实，时态要用一般现在时的被动语态，其完整结构是“If video games are left in the wrong hands”，可以将“video games are”省略，保留过去分词left。故选D。 22．Some people against toll booths (收费站) argue that roads, once _______, should be free. A．building B．having built C．built D．being built 【答案】C 【详解】考查状语从句的省略和被动语态。句意：一些反对收费站的人认为，道路一旦建成，就应该免费。“收费站”和“建造”之间是被动关系，用一般现在时的被动语态；此处是状语从句的省略，once built是once (they are) built的省略形式。故选C。 23．—There’s too much salt in the Chinese diet. —So there is. The WHO says only 1.5 grams of salt ________ for each man every day. A．is needed B．needs C．will need D．has needed 【答案】A 【详解】考查一般现在时被动语态。句意：—中国人的饮食中盐太多了。—确实如此。世界卫生组织说，每人每天只需1.5克盐。根据时间状语“every day”可知，句子描述每天发生的情况，应用一般现在时；主语“salt”和谓语“need”是被动关系，应用一般现在时被动语态is needed表示“被需要”。故选A。 24．The 200-kilometer-long railway __________ in 1909, two years ahead of schedule. A．completes B．was completed C．completing D．completed 【答案】B 【详解】考查一般过去时的被动语态和主谓一致。句意：这条200公里长的铁路于1909年完工，比原计划提前了两年。根据时间状语“in 1909”可知，句子需用一般过去时，且主语“railway”与动词“complete”为被动关系，需用一般过去时的被动语态，其构成形式为“was/were + 动词的过去分词”；主语“railway”为单数名词，因此用was completed。故选B。 25．When I ______ to join in the sport, I felt surprised because I had never done this before. A．chose B．was chosen C．has been chosen D．had chosen 【答案】B 【详解】考查一般过去时被动语态。句意：当我被选中参加这项运动时，我感到惊讶，因为我之前从未做过。根据主语谓语“felt”可知，该句是一般现在时；从句动词choose和主语I是被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态was chosen表示“被选择”。故选B。 26．There will be fewer workers in factories because most work ________ by robots in the future. A．was done B．has done C．will be done D．will do 【答案】C 【详解】考查动词的时态和语态。句意：工厂里的工人将会减少，因为未来大多数工作将由机器人完成。根据时间状语in the future可知，此句用一般将来时；主语most work和动词do之间是被动关系，因此用一般将来时的被动语态，结构为“will be+过去分词”。故选C。 27．A new bridge from Zhongshan to Macao________ in five years. A．are build B．were build C．have built D．will be built 【答案】D 【详解】考查时态及语态。句意：从中山到澳门的新桥梁将在五年内建成。根据“in five years”可知，时态是一般将来时（will+动词原形），且主语“A new bridge...”与谓语动词“build”之间是被动关系，即“新桥将被建”，需用一般将来时的被动语态（will be+过去分词）。故选D。 28．The tickets for Fantastic Beasts: The Secrets of Dumbledore _________ well, and they will _________soon. A．are sold; sell out B．are sold; be sold out C．sell; sell out D．sell; be sold out 【答案】D 【详解】句意：《神奇动物：邓布利多之谜》的门票卖得很好，很快就会售罄。 考查被动语态。sell售卖，sell well“卖的好”无被动语态，故第一空填sell。sell out卖光，主语they与动词短语sell out之间是被动关系，故第二空应填be sold out，故选D。 29．Paper, one of the four greatest inventions in ancient China, ________ by Cai Lun about 2000 years ago. A．was invented B．is invented C．were invented D．are invented 【答案】A 【详解】考查一般过去时被动语态。句意：纸是中国古代四大发明之一，大约在2000年前由蔡伦发明。根据“by Cai Lun”及“2000 years ago”可知，此处应用一般过去时的被动语态, 结构为“was/ were done”，主语paper表示“纸”，是不可数名词，故用“was invented”。故选A。 30．Kung fu ________ in China and has gained global popularity through movies and cultural exchanges. A．practised B．is practised C．has practised D．was practised 【答案】B 【详解】考查动词的时态和语态。句意：功夫在中国被练习，并且通过电影和文化交流在全球范围内广受欢迎。句子描述的是一般事实，应用一般现在时，句子的主语Kung fu与practise之间是被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态，故填is practised。故选B。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 编写说明：2026年湖南省（对口招生）《英语45分钟训练卷》，依据湖南省对口招生考试历年英语考试真题与模拟试题分析编写。本专辑包括听力理解、词汇与语法、交际用语、完形填空、阅读理解、书面表达等6大高考题型。1-20卷为考点/题型专项训练卷，21-25卷为综合训练卷。 本试卷是2026年湖南省（对口招生）《英语45分钟训练卷》的第7卷，知识点包括词汇与语法（一般现在、过去和将来的被动语态）。 2026年湖南省（对口招生）《英语45分钟训练卷》 第7卷 词汇与语法（一般现在、过去和将来的被动语态） 考试时间：45分钟 满分：100分 班级 姓名 学号 成绩 基础篇 1、 词汇与语法 (共20小题；每小题3分，满分60分) 1．The students ________ to wear school uniforms on weekdays. A．require B．are required C．required D．were required 2．—Nanchang Metro Line 5 ________ to open to the public in 2029. —Great! It will be more convenient to travel around the city. A．is expected B．was expected C．expects D．expected 3．—What do you think of the restaurant? —Great. The customers here ________ good service. A．are given B．give C．have given D．were given 4．The festival ________ in our town every spring. Many people take part in it. A．celebrates B．is celebrated C．celebrated D．was celebrated 5．Students do less homework now. Usually it ________ before 9 o’clock in the evening. A．finishes B．finished C．is finished D．was finished 6．Chen-ning Yang passed away in Beijing on Oct. 18, 2025. Before his death, he ________ as one of the greatest physicists of the 20th century. A．regarded B．is regarded C．was regarded D．will be regarded 7．The local goverment was surprised to find that some of the rivers ________. A．have pulluted B．are polluted C．were polluted D．were polluting 8．One of the paintings in the museum ________ during the robbery last night.​ A．is stolen B．are stolen C．was stolen D．were stolen​ 9．Many flowers ________ in our school last year, and they made our school a beautiful garden. A．plant B．planted C．have planted D．were planted 10．The sports meeting ________ because of the heavy rain last week. A．cancels B．is canceled C．was canceled D．will be canceled 11．More money ________ when we use both sides of paper. A．will save B．was saved C．has saved D．will be saved 12．The students in our school ________ to enter the campus if they don’t wear helmets on motorbikes, A．don’t allow B．won’t allow C．isn’t allowed D．won’t be allowed 13．The new teaching building ________ by the end of next year. A．will be completed B．is completed C．completes D．completed 14．—The 24th Olympic Winter Games ________ in 2022 in Beijing. —Yes. I wish Chinese players will do well. A．will be held B．have been held C．was to be held D．would be held 15．It is reported that the Underground Line No.3______ in our city in 2025. A．will be built B．has built C．will build D．has been built 16．The new road ________ by the end of next month. A．completes B．will complete C．will be completed D．is completed 17．A new bridge over the Xiangjiang River ________ last year, which makes it very easy to go to the city center. A．built B．was built C．has D．has been built 18．It will take less time to drive over the Changjiang River after the new bridge ________. A．is building B．builds C．has built D．is built 19．The sick in this village ________ taken to the city hospital for treatment.​ A．is B．are C．has been D．was​ 20．The new policy________ in our city next year according to the news. A．carries out B．will carry out C．will be carried out D．is carried out 提升篇 一、词汇与语法 (共10小题；每小题4分，满分40分） 21．Video games can be a poor influence if _________ in the wrong hands. A．to leave B．leaving C．leave D．left 22．Some people against toll booths (收费站) argue that roads, once _______, should be free. A．building B．having built C．built D．being built 23．—There’s too much salt in the Chinese diet. —So there is. The WHO says only 1.5 grams of salt ________ for each man every day. A．is needed B．needs C．will need D．has needed 24．The 200-kilometer-long railway __________ in 1909, two years ahead of schedule. A．completes B．was completed C．completing D．completed 25．When I ______ to join in the sport, I felt surprised because I had never done this before. A．chose B．was chosen C．has been chosen D．had chosen 26．There will be fewer workers in factories because most work ________ by robots in the future. A．was done B．has done C．will be done D．will do 27．A new bridge from Zhongshan to Macao________ in five years. A．are build B．were build C．have built D．will be built 28．The tickets for Fantastic Beasts: The Secrets of Dumbledore _________ well, and they will _________soon. A．are sold; sell out B．are sold; be sold out C．sell; sell out D．sell; be sold out 29．Paper, one of the four greatest inventions in ancient China, ________ by Cai Lun about 2000 years ago. A．was invented B．is invented C．were invented D．are invented 30．Kung fu ________ in China and has gained global popularity through movies and cultural exchanges. A．practised B．is practised C．has practised D．was practised 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $