Unit 8 Our blue planet -Grammar知识点清单＆同步训练2025-2026学年仁爱科普版七年级英语下册

Unit 8 Our blue planet ⭐Grammar知识点清单 一、知识点清单 （一）核心语法 1：大数的读法与写法（Numbers） 1. 大数的书写规则 · 数字大于 999 时，从右往左每 3 位加一个逗号，从右到左依次为： · thousand（千）→ million（百万）→ billion（十亿） · 示例： · 4,600 = four thousand, six hundred · 45,390 = forty-five thousand, three hundred and ninety · 93,000,000 = ninety-three million · 1,386,000,000 = one billion, three hundred and eighty-six million 2. 大数的读法要点 · 百位和十位之间要加 and（美式英语中可省略）； · 千位、百万位、十亿位之间不加 and； · 数字中的零（除末尾连续零外）要读出，如 4,186 = four thousand, one hundred and eighty-six； · 单位（thousand/million/billion）前有具体数字时，不加s，如 six million，不能说 six millions。 （二）核心语法 2：祈使句（Imperative sentences） 1. 祈使句的定义与结构 · 定义：用于表示命令、请求、建议或劝告的句子，主语通常省略（you）。 · 结构分类： 类型 结构 例句 肯定祈使句 动词原形开头（Do 型） Open the door. / Please come in. 否定祈使句 Don't + 动词原形开头 Don't put it here. / Don't waste water. No + 动名词 / 名词（表示禁止） No swimming in the lake. / No littering. Never + 动词原形（语气更强） Never leave the water running. Let's + 动词原形（提出建议） Let's make a poster about saving water. Let's not + 动词原形（否定建议） Let's not waste water. 2. 祈使句的常见用法与考点 · 表示请求时，可在句首或句尾加 please，句尾加逗号：Please sit down. / Sit down, please. · 否定祈使句的常见场景：公共场所的禁令、提醒他人不要做某事； · 易错点：否定祈使句用 Don't + 动词原形，不要用 Not 开头；Let's 的否定形式是 Let's not，不是 Don't let's。 （三）核心词汇与短语 单词 / 短语 音标 词性 释义 拓展 / 例句 kilometer /kɪˈlɒmɪtə/ n. 千米；公里 square kilometers 平方千米 coastline /ˈkəʊstlaɪn/ n. 海岸线 the coastline of the Arctic Ocean cover /ˈkʌvə/ v. 覆盖；占地 The lake covers about 4,600 square kilometers. percent /pəˈsent/ n. 百分比 98 percent of the land imperative sentence /ɪmˈperətɪv ˈsentəns/ n. 祈使句 - litter /ˈlɪtə/ v./n. 乱扔垃圾；垃圾 No littering. turn off /tɜːn ɒf/ 短语 关闭（水龙头 / 电器） Turn off the tap when you leave. take a shower /teɪk ə ˈʃaʊə/ 短语 洗澡；淋浴 Take a quick shower to save water. swim /swɪm/ v. 游泳 No swimming in the lake. fish /fɪʃ/ v./n. 钓鱼；鱼 Don't fish here. 同步练习（语法专项） 一、单项选择（共 10 小题，每小题 1 分，共 10 分） 从 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳答案。 1. —Please ______ the tap when you brush your teeth. —OK, I will. A. turn on B. turn off C. turn up D. turn down 2. The Changjiang River is about ______ kilometers long. A. six thousand three hundred B. six thousands three hundred C. six thousand and three hundred D. six thousands and three hundred 3. ______ swim in the lake. It's very dangerous. A. Don't B. No C. Not D. Doesn’t 4. The Atlantic Ocean covers more than ______ square kilometers. A. ninety-three million B. ninety-three millions C. ninety-three million of D. ninety-three millions of 5. Let's ______ a poster about saving water. A. make B. makes C. making D. to make 6. —______ late for school again, Tom. —Sorry, Mr. Li. A. Don't be B. Not be C. Don't D. No 7. The Qinghai Lake covers about ______ square kilometers. A. four thousand six hundred B. four thousand and six hundred C. four thousands six hundred D. four thousands and six hundred 8. —What does the sign “No ______” mean? —It means we can't throw rubbish here. A. litter B. littering C. to litter D. litters 9. The coastline of the Arctic Ocean is about ______ kilometers long. A. forty-five thousand three hundred and ninety B. forty-five thousands three hundred and ninety C. forty-five thousand three hundred ninety D. forty-five thousands three hundred ninety 10. ______ leave the water running when you wash your hands. A. Not B. Don't C. No D. Doesn't 二、句型转换（共 5 小题，每小题 2 分，共 10 分） 按要求完成句子，每空一词。 11. Open the door, please.（改为否定祈使句） ______ ______ the door, please. 12. The lake covers about 4,600 square kilometers.（对画线部分提问） ______ ______ square kilometers does the lake cover? 13. You can't swim in the lake.（改为祈使句） ______ ______ in the lake. 14. Let's make a poster about saving water.（改为否定句） ______ ______ make a poster about saving water. 15. There are 307,000,000 lakes in the world.（对画线部分提问） ______ ______ lakes are there in the world? 三、词汇运用（共 10 小题，每小题 1 分，共 10 分） 根据句意及括号内的提示，写出单词的正确形式。 16. The Sea of Marmara is about 11,350 ______ (square kilometer). 17. ______ (not/leave) the tap running when you brush your teeth. 18. The Earth has about 360,000,000 ______ (square kilometer) of oceans. 19. ______ (take) a quick shower to save water, please. 20. There are ______ (307,000,000) lakes in the world. 21. ______ (no/litter) in the park. It's bad for the environment. 22. The Qinghai Lake is about ______ (4,600) square kilometers. 23. Let's ______ (make) a poster about saving the ocean. 24. The Arctic Ocean's coastline is about ______ (45,390) kilometers long. 25. ______ (never/waste) water. It's very important. 四、情景对话（共 5 小题，每小题 2 分，共 10 分） 根据对话内容，从方框中选择合适的句子补全对话，有两项多余。 A: Hi, Tom. What are you doing? B: I'm reading a book about the oceans. A: Oh, that's interesting. 26. ______ B: The Atlantic Ocean covers more than 93,000,000 square kilometers. A: Wow, that's huge! 27. ______ B: We should protect the oceans. A: 28. ______ B: Let's make a poster about saving the ocean. A: Good idea. 29. ______ B: We can write some rules on it. Like “Don't litter into the sea.” A: And “30. ______” B: Yes, that's right. Let's start now. A. What should we do to protect them? B. How big is the Atlantic Ocean? C. What can we write on the poster? D. Let's not waste water every day. E. Don't fish too much in the ocean. F. What about making a poster? G. How long is the coastline? 五、阅读理解（共 5 小题，每小题 2 分，共 10 分） 阅读短文，选择最佳答案。 Water is very important for life. But many people don't know how to save water. Here are some rules for you: 1. Turn off the tap when you brush your teeth. Don't let the water run. 2. Take a quick shower instead of a long bath. You can save a lot of water. 3. Reuse water. For example, use the water after washing vegetables to water flowers. 4. Don't throw rubbish into rivers or lakes. Dirty water is bad for us. 5. No swimming in the lake when there is no lifeguard. It's dangerous. Remember these rules and let's make a difference to save water. 31. What should you do when you brush your teeth? A. Keep the tap running. B. Turn off the tap. C. Use a lot of water. D. Wash your teeth quickly. 32. Which way can help you save water? A. Take a long bath. B. Take a quick shower. C. Throw rubbish into the river. D. Never reuse water. 33. What can you do with the water after washing vegetables? A. Throw it away. B. Water flowers with it. C. Drink it. D. Use it to wash clothes. 34. Which of the following is NOT a rule in the passage? A. Don't litter into rivers. B. No swimming without a lifeguard. C. Don't use any water. D. Reuse water. 35. The main idea of the passage is ______. A. how to save water B. how to take a shower C. how to reuse water D. how to swim safely 参考答案与解析 一、单项选择 1. B（turn off the tap 关掉水龙头，节水做法） 2. A（大数读法：six thousand three hundred，thousand 前有数字不加 s，百位和十位不加 and） 3. A（否定祈使句：Don't + 动词原形，表示禁止游泳） 4. A（million 前有数字不加 s：ninety-three million） 5. A（Let's + 动词原形：make） 6. A（否定祈使句：Don't be late，late 是形容词，需加 be） 7. A（four thousand six hundred，不加 and，thousand 不加 s） 8. B（No + 动名词：No littering 禁止乱扔垃圾） 9. A（forty-five thousand three hundred and ninety，百位后加 and） 10. B（否定祈使句：Don't + 动词原形，不要让水一直流） 二、句型转换 11. Don't open 12. How many 13. Don't swim 14. Let's not 15. How many 三、词汇运用 16. square kilometers 17. Don't leave 18. square kilometers 19. Take 20. three hundred and seven million 21. No littering 22. four thousand six hundred 23. make 24. forty-five thousand three hundred and ninety 25. Never waste 四、情景对话 26. B 27. A 28. F 29. C 30. E 五、阅读理解 31. B（文中提到 Turn off the tap when you brush your teeth） 32. B（文中提到 Take a quick shower instead of a long bath） 33. B（文中提到 use the water after washing vegetables to water flowers） 34. C（文中没有提到 “不用水”，A、B、D 都是文中提到的规则） 35. A（全文讲的是节约用水的规则） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $